Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00767
Hui Jie, Kai Feng, Mengfan Lu, Zhaoxia Jin
The chiral nematic phase structure, formed by the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in an aqueous suspension and maintained in a solid film, shows great potential for optical applications. To achieve complex structures in optical devices, it is crucial to subject CNCs to specific shearing processes, such as spinning and printing. Understanding the structural and property changes of the CNC liquid crystal phase in these processes is of utmost importance. In this study, we investigated the effect of adding tannic acid (TA) on the rheological properties and cholesteric phase structures of CNCs/TA mixed suspensions. By calculating the surface site interaction points, we observed that TA can adsorb onto the surface of CNC rods in suspensions through hydrogen bonding. Through characterization techniques, such as polarized optical microscopy, rheology, and synchrotron SAXS, we examined the effects of TA addition on the microstructure and rheological properties of the CNC liquid crystal phase and clarified the change relating to the system composition. Under the same CNC concentration, the volume fraction of the anisotropic phase, the pitch, and the rod spacing of the cholesteric phase were not significantly affected by the addition of TA. However, the system viscosity was significantly reduced with the appropriate amount of TA (2 wt %), in a wide range of CNC concentrations (up to 15 wt % CNCs). The flow indexes (n) in Region I and Region III of steady-state shear curves of CNCs/TA systems (11-15 wt % CNCs) were compared. Moreover, we introduced the well-established theoretical models for liquid crystal polymers to tentatively interpret Region I of the CNCs/TA cholesteric phase and realized that increased numbers of smaller cholesteric-phase domains in the CNCs/TA system and interfacial modification by TA may contribute to the fluidity change. The feature of the domain texture of CNCs/TA systems is verified by polarized optical microscopy observations.
纤维素纳米晶体(CNCs)在水悬浮液中自组装形成手性向列相结构,并保持在固体薄膜中,这种结构在光学应用方面显示出巨大的潜力。要在光学设备中实现复杂的结构,必须对 CNC 进行特定的剪切处理,如纺丝和印刷。了解 CNC 液晶相在这些过程中的结构和性质变化至关重要。在本研究中,我们研究了添加单宁酸(TA)对 CNC/TA 混合悬浮液的流变特性和胆甾相结构的影响。通过计算表面位点相互作用点,我们观察到单宁酸可通过氢键吸附到悬浮液中的 CNC 棒表面。通过偏振光学显微镜、流变学和同步辐射 SAXS 等表征技术,我们研究了添加 TA 对 CNC 液晶相微观结构和流变特性的影响,并阐明了其与体系组成的变化关系。在相同的 CNC 浓度下,各向异性相的体积分数、螺距和胆甾相的杆间距均未受到添加 TA 的显著影响。然而,在较宽的 CNC 浓度范围内(最高达 15 wt % CNC),适量的 TA(2 wt %)会明显降低体系粘度。我们比较了 CNC/TA 系统(11-15 wt % CNCs)稳态剪切曲线 I 区和 III 区的流动指数(n)。此外,我们还引入了成熟的液晶聚合物理论模型来初步解释 CNCs/TA 胆甾相的区域 I,并认识到 CNCs/TA 体系中较小的胆甾相结构域数量的增加以及 TA 对界面的修饰可能是流动性变化的原因。偏振光学显微镜观察验证了 CNC/TA 体系畴纹理的特征。
{"title":"Modulation of Tannic Acid on the Cholesteric Structure of Cellulose Nanocrystals.","authors":"Hui Jie, Kai Feng, Mengfan Lu, Zhaoxia Jin","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chiral nematic phase structure, formed by the self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) in an aqueous suspension and maintained in a solid film, shows great potential for optical applications. To achieve complex structures in optical devices, it is crucial to subject CNCs to specific shearing processes, such as spinning and printing. Understanding the structural and property changes of the CNC liquid crystal phase in these processes is of utmost importance. In this study, we investigated the effect of adding tannic acid (TA) on the rheological properties and cholesteric phase structures of CNCs/TA mixed suspensions. By calculating the surface site interaction points, we observed that TA can adsorb onto the surface of CNC rods in suspensions through hydrogen bonding. Through characterization techniques, such as polarized optical microscopy, rheology, and synchrotron SAXS, we examined the effects of TA addition on the microstructure and rheological properties of the CNC liquid crystal phase and clarified the change relating to the system composition. Under the same CNC concentration, the volume fraction of the anisotropic phase, the pitch, and the rod spacing of the cholesteric phase were not significantly affected by the addition of TA. However, the system viscosity was significantly reduced with the appropriate amount of TA (2 wt %), in a wide range of CNC concentrations (up to 15 wt % CNCs). The flow indexes (<i>n</i>) in Region I and Region III of steady-state shear curves of CNCs/TA systems (11-15 wt % CNCs) were compared. Moreover, we introduced the well-established theoretical models for liquid crystal polymers to tentatively interpret Region I of the CNCs/TA cholesteric phase and realized that increased numbers of smaller cholesteric-phase domains in the CNCs/TA system and interfacial modification by TA may contribute to the fluidity change. The feature of the domain texture of CNCs/TA systems is verified by polarized optical microscopy observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01339
Han Zhou, Gaocan Qi, Wenbin Li, Wencheng Song, Zhihao Yuan
The accurate measurement of pH in highly alkaline environments is critical for various industrial applications but remains a complex task. This paper discusses the development of novel Fe-doped SrCoOx-based FET sensors for the detection of extreme alkaline pH levels. Through a comprehensive investigation of the effects of Fe doping on the structure, electrical properties, and sensing performance of SrCoOx, we have identified the optimal doping level that significantly enhances the sensor's performance in highly alkaline conditions. With a Fe doping level of 5 mol %, the sensitivity of the sensor improves to 0.86 lg(Ω)/pH while maintaining the response rate. Further increasing the Fe doping to 10 mol % results in a sensor that demonstrates favorable response time, a suitable pH range, and a linear correlation between lg(R) and pH. The combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis provides insight into the regulation mechanisms of Fe doping on the crystal structure, electronic structure, and oxygen vacancy concentration of SrCoOx. Our findings indicate that Fe doping leads to an increase in oxygen vacancy concentration and a decrease in the energy barrier for oxygen ion migration, which contributes to the improved sensing performance of the Fe-doped SrCoOx sensors. Additionally, the study highlights the influence of oxygen vacancy concentration on the electrical properties of SrCoOx. Precise control over the concentration of oxygen vacancies is crucial for optimizing the sensitivity and response speed of SrCoOx FET sensors under extreme alkalinity conditions.
精确测量高碱性环境中的 pH 值对各种工业应用至关重要,但这仍然是一项复杂的任务。本文讨论了新型铁掺杂 SrCoOx 基 FET 传感器的开发,用于检测极端碱性 pH 值。通过全面研究铁掺杂对氧化锰酸钴结构、电性能和传感性能的影响,我们确定了最佳掺杂水平,该水平可显著提高传感器在高碱性条件下的性能。当铁掺杂水平为 5 摩尔% 时,传感器的灵敏度提高到 0.86 lg(Ω)/pH,同时响应速度保持不变。将铁的掺杂水平进一步提高到 10 摩尔%,传感器就能显示出良好的响应时间、合适的 pH 值范围以及 lg(R) 与 pH 值之间的线性相关关系。结合 X 射线光电子能谱和 X 射线衍射分析,我们可以深入了解铁掺杂对 SrCoOx 晶体结构、电子结构和氧空位浓度的调节机制。我们的研究结果表明,铁掺杂会导致氧空位浓度的增加和氧离子迁移能垒的降低,这有助于提高掺铁 SrCoOx 传感器的传感性能。此外,研究还强调了氧空位浓度对氧化锰酸钴电性能的影响。精确控制氧空位的浓度对于优化 SrCoOx FET 传感器在极端碱度条件下的灵敏度和响应速度至关重要。
{"title":"Fe-Doped SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> FET Sensors for Extreme Alkaline pH Sensing.","authors":"Han Zhou, Gaocan Qi, Wenbin Li, Wencheng Song, Zhihao Yuan","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The accurate measurement of pH in highly alkaline environments is critical for various industrial applications but remains a complex task. This paper discusses the development of novel Fe-doped SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub>-based FET sensors for the detection of extreme alkaline pH levels. Through a comprehensive investigation of the effects of Fe doping on the structure, electrical properties, and sensing performance of SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub>, we have identified the optimal doping level that significantly enhances the sensor's performance in highly alkaline conditions. With a Fe doping level of 5 mol %, the sensitivity of the sensor improves to 0.86 lg(Ω)/pH while maintaining the response rate. Further increasing the Fe doping to 10 mol % results in a sensor that demonstrates favorable response time, a suitable pH range, and a linear correlation between lg(<i>R</i>) and pH. The combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis provides insight into the regulation mechanisms of Fe doping on the crystal structure, electronic structure, and oxygen vacancy concentration of SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub>. Our findings indicate that Fe doping leads to an increase in oxygen vacancy concentration and a decrease in the energy barrier for oxygen ion migration, which contributes to the improved sensing performance of the Fe-doped SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> sensors. Additionally, the study highlights the influence of oxygen vacancy concentration on the electrical properties of SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub>. Precise control over the concentration of oxygen vacancies is crucial for optimizing the sensitivity and response speed of SrCoO<sub><i>x</i></sub> FET sensors under extreme alkalinity conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The huge polyoxometalate, ({Mo368}), which can be prepared by a facile solution process and can be applied in lithium-ion storage applications as the anode. The large and open hollow nanostructure is promising to store a larger number of lithium ions and expedite the diffusion of lithium ions. A single {Mo368} nanocluster can transfer 624 electrons, referred to as a "huge electron sponge". Pure {Mo368} without any support materials exhibits very high capacities of 964 mA h g-1 with hardly any decay for 100 cycles at 0.1 A g-1 and still maintains 761 mA h g-1 after 180 cycles at 0.5 A g-1, indicating great cycling stability. The {Mo368} anode provides excellent rate performance and reversibility during the lithiation/delithiation processes, which are contributed by both the diffusion-controlled process and the capacitive process. The capacitive contribution can reach 71.7% at a scan rate of 2 mV s-1. The high DLi+ value measured by GITT confirms the fast reaction kinetics of the {Mo368} electrode. The {Mo368}//NCM111-A full cell is practically applied to light LED lamps. These investigations indicate that {Mo368} nanoclusters are advanced energy storage materials with high capacities, fast charge transfer, and low-cost mass production for lithium-ion storage. Moreover, {Mo368} should be considered a clean energy material because there is no production of environmental pollution during the charge/discharge processes.
Na48[HxMo256VIMo112VO1032(H2O)240(SO4)48]({Mo368})是一种巨大的多氧金属盐,可通过简便的溶液工艺制备,并可作为正极应用于锂离子存储领域。这种大而开放的中空纳米结构有望存储更多的锂离子并加速锂离子的扩散。单个{Mo368}纳米团簇可传递624个电子,被称为 "巨大的电子海绵"。不含任何支撑材料的纯{Mo368}在 0.1 A g-1 的条件下循环 100 次后,几乎没有任何衰减,容量高达 964 mA h g-1;在 0.5 A g-1 的条件下循环 180 次后,容量仍能保持在 761 mA h g-1,显示出极高的循环稳定性。{Mo368}阳极在锂化/去锂化过程中具有优异的速率性能和可逆性,扩散控制过程和电容过程都对其产生了影响。在 2 mV s-1 的扫描速率下,电容过程的贡献率可达 71.7%。通过 GITT 测得的高 DLi+ 值证实了{Mo368}电极的快速反应动力学。{Mo368}//NCM111-A全电池可实际用于点亮LED灯。这些研究表明,{Mo368}纳米团簇是一种先进的储能材料,具有高容量、快速电荷转移和低成本大规模生产等特点,可用于锂离子储能。此外,{Mo368} 在充放电过程中不会产生环境污染,因此应被视为一种清洁能源材料。
{"title":"Huge Electron Sponge of Polyoxometalate toward Advanced Lithium-Ion Storage.","authors":"Peiqin Tang, Rui Liu, Xuan Li, Xinyu Yuan, Yanru Wang, Jingcheng Hao","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The huge polyoxometalate, <math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow><mn>48</mn></msub><mrow><mo>[</mo><msub><mi>H</mi><mi>x</mi></msub><msubsup><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow><mn>256</mn><mrow><mi>V</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></msubsup><msubsup><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow><mn>112</mn><mi>V</mi></msubsup><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>1032</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>O</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>240</mn></msub><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mtext>SO</mtext><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>48</mn></msub><mo>]</mo></mrow></math> ({Mo<sub>368</sub>}), which can be prepared by a facile solution process and can be applied in lithium-ion storage applications as the anode. The large and open hollow nanostructure is promising to store a larger number of lithium ions and expedite the diffusion of lithium ions. A single {Mo<sub>368</sub>} nanocluster can transfer 624 electrons, referred to as a \"huge electron sponge\". Pure {Mo<sub>368</sub>} without any support materials exhibits very high capacities of 964 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> with hardly any decay for 100 cycles at 0.1 A g<sup>-1</sup> and still maintains 761 mA h g<sup>-1</sup> after 180 cycles at 0.5 A g<sup>-1</sup>, indicating great cycling stability. The {Mo<sub>368</sub>} anode provides excellent rate performance and reversibility during the lithiation/delithiation processes, which are contributed by both the diffusion-controlled process and the capacitive process. The capacitive contribution can reach 71.7% at a scan rate of 2 mV s<sup>-1</sup>. The high <i>D</i><sub>Li</sub><sup>+</sup> value measured by GITT confirms the fast reaction kinetics of the {Mo<sub>368</sub>} electrode. The {Mo<sub>368</sub>}//NCM111-A full cell is practically applied to light LED lamps. These investigations indicate that {Mo<sub>368</sub>} nanoclusters are advanced energy storage materials with high capacities, fast charge transfer, and low-cost mass production for lithium-ion storage. Moreover, {Mo<sub>368</sub>} should be considered a clean energy material because there is no production of environmental pollution during the charge/discharge processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01180
Faith E Breausche, Annelise Somerlot, Jason Walder, Kwame Osei, Samuel Okyem, Jeremy D Driskell
The specificity and efficiency of enzyme-mediated reactions have the potential to positively impact many biotechnologies; however, many enzymes are easily degraded. Immobilization on a solid support has recently been explored to improve enzyme stability. This study aims to gain insights and facilitate enzyme adsorption onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form a stable bioconjugate through the installation of thiol functional groups that alter the protein chemistry. In specific, the model enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), is thiolated via Traut's reagent to increase the robustness and enzymatic activity of the bioconjugate. This study compares HRP and its thiolated analog (THRP) to deduce the impact of thiolation and AuNP-immobilization on the enzyme activity and stability. HRP, THRP, and their corresponding bioconjugates, HRP-AuNP and THRP-AuNP, were analyzed via UV-vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism, zeta potential, and enzyme-substrate kinetics assays. Our data show a 5-fold greater adsorption for THRP on the AuNP, in comparison to HRP, that translated to a 5-fold increase in the THRP-AuNP bioconjugate activity. The thiolated and immobilized HRP exhibited a substantial improvement in stability at elevated temperatures (50 °C) and storage times (1 month) relative to the native enzyme in solution. Moreover, HRP, THRP, and their bioconjugates were incubated with trypsin to assess the susceptibility to proteolytic digestion. Our results demonstrate that THRP-AuNP bioconjugates maintain full enzymatic activity after 18 h of incubation with trypsin, whereas free HRP, free THRP, and HRP-AuNP conjugates are rendered inactive by trypsin treatment. These results highlight the potential for protein modification and immobilization to substantially extend enzyme shelf life, resist protease digestion, and enhance biological function to realize enzyme-enabled biotechnologies.
{"title":"Immobilization of Thiol-Modified Horseradish Peroxidase on Gold Nanoparticles Enhances Enzyme Stability and Prevents Proteolytic Digestion.","authors":"Faith E Breausche, Annelise Somerlot, Jason Walder, Kwame Osei, Samuel Okyem, Jeremy D Driskell","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The specificity and efficiency of enzyme-mediated reactions have the potential to positively impact many biotechnologies; however, many enzymes are easily degraded. Immobilization on a solid support has recently been explored to improve enzyme stability. This study aims to gain insights and facilitate enzyme adsorption onto gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to form a stable bioconjugate through the installation of thiol functional groups that alter the protein chemistry. In specific, the model enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), is thiolated via Traut's reagent to increase the robustness and enzymatic activity of the bioconjugate. This study compares HRP and its thiolated analog (THRP) to deduce the impact of thiolation and AuNP-immobilization on the enzyme activity and stability. HRP, THRP, and their corresponding bioconjugates, HRP-AuNP and THRP-AuNP, were analyzed via UV-vis spectrophotometry, circular dichroism, zeta potential, and enzyme-substrate kinetics assays. Our data show a 5-fold greater adsorption for THRP on the AuNP, in comparison to HRP, that translated to a 5-fold increase in the THRP-AuNP bioconjugate activity. The thiolated and immobilized HRP exhibited a substantial improvement in stability at elevated temperatures (50 °C) and storage times (1 month) relative to the native enzyme in solution. Moreover, HRP, THRP, and their bioconjugates were incubated with trypsin to assess the susceptibility to proteolytic digestion. Our results demonstrate that THRP-AuNP bioconjugates maintain full enzymatic activity after 18 h of incubation with trypsin, whereas free HRP, free THRP, and HRP-AuNP conjugates are rendered inactive by trypsin treatment. These results highlight the potential for protein modification and immobilization to substantially extend enzyme shelf life, resist protease digestion, and enhance biological function to realize enzyme-enabled biotechnologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00962
Mohammad Javad Tavakkoli Heravi, Nafiseh Farhadian
In this study, a simultaneously decorated graphene sheet with titanium (Ti) and palladium (Pd) atoms is proposed to improve hydrogen adsorption uptake. Density functional theory (DFT) with a DFT-D3 correction dispersion study was applied. Initially, the hydrogen adsorption energy, energy band gap, partial density of state (PDOS), thermal stability, and H2 desorption temperature for Ti-decorated, Pd-decorated, and Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheets were investigated. Clustering formation for the Ti-decorated graphene sheet was examined in detail. Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation was applied to examine the hydrogen adsorption isotherm. Simulation results showed that the hydrogen adsorption energy and desorption temperature of the Ti-decorated graphene sheet are -0.61 eV and 765.4 K, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the Pd-decorated graphene sheet (-0.108 eV and 135.5 K). However, Ti atoms form clusters when their distances from each other are less than 6 Å. Inserting adaptable metal atoms such as Pd into the Ti-decorated graphene adjusts the hydrogen adsorption energy to -0.544 eV and the desorption temperature to 627.4 K. In addition, the values of Gibbs free energy changes (ΔG) of metal adsorption showed that the Ti-Pd graphene sheet has good stability at different temperatures. Calculated hydrogen adsorption isotherm using the GCMC method approved the suitable performance of the Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet for hydrogen adsorption. At the pressure of 60 bar and temperature of 298 K, the hydrogen adsorption content increases from 1.49 wt % on the Ti-decorated graphene sheet with cluster to 2.06 wt % on the Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet. Finally, Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet was proposed as a novel adsorbent in the hydrogen storage industry.
本研究提出了一种同时装饰有钛(Ti)和钯(Pd)原子的石墨烯薄片,以提高氢气吸附能力。研究采用了密度泛函理论(DFT)和 DFT-D3 校正分散研究。首先,研究了钛装饰、钯装饰和钛钯装饰石墨烯片的氢吸附能、能带间隙、部分状态密度(PDOS)、热稳定性和氢解吸温度。详细研究了钛装饰石墨烯片的聚类形成。应用大规范蒙特卡洛(GCMC)模拟研究了氢吸附等温线。模拟结果表明,钛装饰石墨烯片的氢吸附能和解吸温度分别为-0.61 eV 和 765.4 K,明显高于钯装饰石墨烯片(-0.108 eV 和 135.5 K)。此外,金属吸附的吉布斯自由能变化值(ΔG)表明,Ti-Pd 石墨烯薄片在不同温度下具有良好的稳定性。利用 GCMC 方法计算的氢吸附等温线表明,Ti-Pd 装饰石墨烯片具有合适的氢吸附性能。在压力为 60 bar、温度为 298 K 的条件下,簇状 Ti-Pd 装饰石墨烯片的氢吸附量从 1.49 wt % 增加到 2.06 wt %。最后,Ti-Pd 装饰石墨烯片被建议作为一种新型吸附剂用于储氢工业。
{"title":"Improvement of Hydrogen Adsorption on the Simultaneously Decorated Graphene Sheet with Titanium and Palladium Atoms.","authors":"Mohammad Javad Tavakkoli Heravi, Nafiseh Farhadian","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a simultaneously decorated graphene sheet with titanium (Ti) and palladium (Pd) atoms is proposed to improve hydrogen adsorption uptake. Density functional theory (DFT) with a DFT-D3 correction dispersion study was applied. Initially, the hydrogen adsorption energy, energy band gap, partial density of state (PDOS), thermal stability, and H<sub>2</sub> desorption temperature for Ti-decorated, Pd-decorated, and Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheets were investigated. Clustering formation for the Ti-decorated graphene sheet was examined in detail. Grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation was applied to examine the hydrogen adsorption isotherm. Simulation results showed that the hydrogen adsorption energy and desorption temperature of the Ti-decorated graphene sheet are -0.61 eV and 765.4 K, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of the Pd-decorated graphene sheet (-0.108 eV and 135.5 K). However, Ti atoms form clusters when their distances from each other are less than 6 Å. Inserting adaptable metal atoms such as Pd into the Ti-decorated graphene adjusts the hydrogen adsorption energy to -0.544 eV and the desorption temperature to 627.4 K. In addition, the values of Gibbs free energy changes (Δ<i>G</i>) of metal adsorption showed that the Ti-Pd graphene sheet has good stability at different temperatures. Calculated hydrogen adsorption isotherm using the GCMC method approved the suitable performance of the Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet for hydrogen adsorption. At the pressure of 60 bar and temperature of 298 K, the hydrogen adsorption content increases from 1.49 wt % on the Ti-decorated graphene sheet with cluster to 2.06 wt % on the Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet. Finally, Ti-Pd-decorated graphene sheet was proposed as a novel adsorbent in the hydrogen storage industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00976
Yunxing Li, Jiaming Li, Zhiqing Cai, Yajuan Sun, Hang Jiang, Xin Guan, To Ngai
Pickering double emulsions exhibit higher stability and biocompatibility compared with surfactant-stabilized double emulsions. However, tailored synthesis of particle stabilizers with appropriate wettability is time consuming and complicated and usually limits their large-scale adoption. Using binary stabilizers may be a simple and scalable strategy for Pickering double emulsion formation. Herein, commercially available hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (SNPs) and sodium alginate (SA) as binary stabilizers are used to prepare O/W/O Pickering double emulsions in one-step emulsification. The influence of system composition on double emulsion preparation is identified by optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and interfacial tension and water contact angle analyses. The formation of the O/W/O Pickering double emulsion depends critically on the aqueous phase viscosity and occurrence of emulsion inversion. Both hydrophobic SNPs and SA adsorb at the droplet surface to provide a steric barrier, while SA also reduces interfacial tension and increases aqueous phase viscosity, giving double emulsion long-term stability. Their microstructure and stability are controlled by adjusting the SA concentration, water-oil volume ratio, concentration and wettability of the particle stabilizer, and oil type. As a demonstration, the middle layer of the as-prepared O/W/O Pickering double emulsions can be cross-linked in situ with calcium ions to produce calcium alginate porous microspheres. We believe that our strategy for double emulsion formation holds great potential for practical applications in food, cosmetics, or pharmaceuticals.
与表面活性剂稳定的双乳液相比,皮克林双乳液具有更高的稳定性和生物相容性。然而,定制合成具有适当润湿性的颗粒稳定剂既费时又复杂,通常会限制其大规模应用。使用二元稳定剂可能是形成皮克林双乳液的一种简单且可扩展的策略。本文采用市售疏水性二氧化硅纳米颗粒(SNPs)和海藻酸钠(SA)作为二元稳定剂,通过一步乳化法制备 O/W/O 皮克林双乳液。通过光学显微镜、共聚焦激光扫描显微镜以及界面张力和水接触角分析,确定了体系组成对双乳液制备的影响。O/W/O 皮克林双乳液的形成主要取决于水相粘度和乳液反转的发生。疏水性 SNP 和 SA 都吸附在液滴表面,提供立体屏障,而 SA 还能降低界面张力,增加水相粘度,从而使双层乳液具有长期稳定性。通过调整 SA 浓度、水油体积比、颗粒稳定剂的浓度和润湿性以及油的类型,可以控制双乳液的微观结构和稳定性。作为示范,制备的 O/W/O 皮克林双乳液的中间层可与钙离子就地交联,生成海藻酸钙多孔微球。我们相信,我们的双乳液形成策略在食品、化妆品或药品的实际应用中具有巨大的潜力。
{"title":"One-Step Formation of Pickering Double Emulsion Costabilized by Hydrophobic Silica Nanoparticles and Sodium Alginate.","authors":"Yunxing Li, Jiaming Li, Zhiqing Cai, Yajuan Sun, Hang Jiang, Xin Guan, To Ngai","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00976","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pickering double emulsions exhibit higher stability and biocompatibility compared with surfactant-stabilized double emulsions. However, tailored synthesis of particle stabilizers with appropriate wettability is time consuming and complicated and usually limits their large-scale adoption. Using binary stabilizers may be a simple and scalable strategy for Pickering double emulsion formation. Herein, commercially available hydrophobic silica nanoparticles (SNPs) and sodium alginate (SA) as binary stabilizers are used to prepare O/W/O Pickering double emulsions in one-step emulsification. The influence of system composition on double emulsion preparation is identified by optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and interfacial tension and water contact angle analyses. The formation of the O/W/O Pickering double emulsion depends critically on the aqueous phase viscosity and occurrence of emulsion inversion. Both hydrophobic SNPs and SA adsorb at the droplet surface to provide a steric barrier, while SA also reduces interfacial tension and increases aqueous phase viscosity, giving double emulsion long-term stability. Their microstructure and stability are controlled by adjusting the SA concentration, water-oil volume ratio, concentration and wettability of the particle stabilizer, and oil type. As a demonstration, the middle layer of the as-prepared O/W/O Pickering double emulsions can be cross-linked in situ with calcium ions to produce calcium alginate porous microspheres. We believe that our strategy for double emulsion formation holds great potential for practical applications in food, cosmetics, or pharmaceuticals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00388
Yanjun Chen, Zhaoqi Zhu, Min Li, Jia Zhang, Xiaoyin Cao, Ruijuan Fu, Guoyu Xing, Hanxue Sun, Jiyan Li, An Li
Aerogels have been widely studied in the field of thermal insulation. Herein, we reported a kind of conjugated micropolymer (CMP) aerogel synthesized by 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine. To enhance the flame-retardant property, we composited hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowires with a CMP aerogel. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that HAP nanowires were encapsulated within nanosized CMP tubes. In addition, the thermal conductivity of HAP2-NCMP aerogel was 0.0251 W m-1 K-1, which possesses good thermal insulation property. In the micro-combustion calorimeter (MCC) test, compared with pure NCMP, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) of HAP2-NCMP decreased from 39.3 to 30.82 W g-1, approximately 21.6% lower. Furthermore, with the increased addition of hydroxyapatite in the HAP-NCMP composite, the pHRR of HAP3-NCMP decreased by about 37.4%. Besides, NCMP possesses good mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 117.3 kPa at a strain level of 60%. These findings suggest promising application potential for HAP-NCMP in energy-saving and flame-retardant applications.
{"title":"Conjugated Microporous Polymer Aerogels Encapsulated within Hydroxyapatite Nanowires Exhibit Good Thermal Insulation and Flame-Retardant Properties.","authors":"Yanjun Chen, Zhaoqi Zhu, Min Li, Jia Zhang, Xiaoyin Cao, Ruijuan Fu, Guoyu Xing, Hanxue Sun, Jiyan Li, An Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aerogels have been widely studied in the field of thermal insulation. Herein, we reported a kind of conjugated micropolymer (CMP) aerogel synthesized by 1,3,5-triethynylbenzene and 2-amino-3,5-dibromopyridine. To enhance the flame-retardant property, we composited hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowires with a CMP aerogel. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis revealed that HAP nanowires were encapsulated within nanosized CMP tubes. In addition, the thermal conductivity of HAP2-NCMP aerogel was 0.0251 W m<sup>-1</sup> K<sup>-1</sup>, which possesses good thermal insulation property. In the micro-combustion calorimeter (MCC) test, compared with pure NCMP, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) of HAP2-NCMP decreased from 39.3 to 30.82 W g<sup>-1</sup>, approximately 21.6% lower. Furthermore, with the increased addition of hydroxyapatite in the HAP-NCMP composite, the pHRR of HAP3-NCMP decreased by about 37.4%. Besides, NCMP possesses good mechanical properties, with a compressive strength of 117.3 kPa at a strain level of 60%. These findings suggest promising application potential for HAP-NCMP in energy-saving and flame-retardant applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00120
Yan Shi, Jia Liu, Jinhai Deng, Lulu Cao, Long Li, Jiaojing Shao, Jianliang Li, Dangsheng Xiong
Cartilage defects in large joints are a common occurrence in numerous degenerative diseases, especially in osteoarthritis. The hydrogel-on-metal composite has emerged as a potential candidate material, as hydrogels, to some extent, replicate the composition of human articular cartilage consisting of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. However, achieving tough bonding between the hydrogel and titanium alloy remains a significant challenge due to the swelling of the hydrogel in a liquid medium. This swelling results in reduced interfacial toughness between the hydrogel and titanium alloy, limiting its potential clinical applications. Herein, our approach aimed to achieve durable bonding between a hydrogel and a titanium alloy composite in a swollen state by modifying the surface texture of the titanium alloy. Various textures, including circular and triangular patterns, with dimple densities ranging from 10 to 40%, were created on the surface of the titanium alloy. Subsequently, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel was deposited onto the textured titanium alloy using a casting-drying method. Our findings revealed that PVA hydrogel on the textured titanium alloy with a 30% texture density exhibited the highest interfacial toughness in the swollen state, measuring at 1300 J m-2 after reaching equilibrium swelling in deionized water, which is a more than 2-fold increase compared to the hydrogel on a smooth substrate. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of the morphologies of the detached hydrogel from the textured titanium alloy after various swelling durations. The results indicated that interfacial toughness could be enhanced through mechanical interlocking, facilitated by the expanded volume of the hydrogel protrusions as the swelling time increased. Collectively, our study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving tough bonding between a hydrogel and a metal substrate in a liquid environment. This research opens up promising avenues for designing soft/hard heterogeneous materials with strong adhesive properties.
{"title":"Tough Bonding of PVA Hydrogel-on-Textured Titanium Alloy with Varying Texture Densities in Swollen State.","authors":"Yan Shi, Jia Liu, Jinhai Deng, Lulu Cao, Long Li, Jiaojing Shao, Jianliang Li, Dangsheng Xiong","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage defects in large joints are a common occurrence in numerous degenerative diseases, especially in osteoarthritis. The hydrogel-on-metal composite has emerged as a potential candidate material, as hydrogels, to some extent, replicate the composition of human articular cartilage consisting of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. However, achieving tough bonding between the hydrogel and titanium alloy remains a significant challenge due to the swelling of the hydrogel in a liquid medium. This swelling results in reduced interfacial toughness between the hydrogel and titanium alloy, limiting its potential clinical applications. Herein, our approach aimed to achieve durable bonding between a hydrogel and a titanium alloy composite in a swollen state by modifying the surface texture of the titanium alloy. Various textures, including circular and triangular patterns, with dimple densities ranging from 10 to 40%, were created on the surface of the titanium alloy. Subsequently, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel was deposited onto the textured titanium alloy using a casting-drying method. Our findings revealed that PVA hydrogel on the textured titanium alloy with a 30% texture density exhibited the highest interfacial toughness in the swollen state, measuring at 1300 J m<sup>-2</sup> after reaching equilibrium swelling in deionized water, which is a more than 2-fold increase compared to the hydrogel on a smooth substrate. Furthermore, we conducted an analysis of the morphologies of the detached hydrogel from the textured titanium alloy after various swelling durations. The results indicated that interfacial toughness could be enhanced through mechanical interlocking, facilitated by the expanded volume of the hydrogel protrusions as the swelling time increased. Collectively, our study demonstrates the feasibility of achieving tough bonding between a hydrogel and a metal substrate in a liquid environment. This research opens up promising avenues for designing soft/hard heterogeneous materials with strong adhesive properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00554
Andreea Nădăban, Chloe O Frame, Dounia El Yachioui, Gerrit S Gooris, Robert M Dalgliesh, Marc Malfois, Christopher R Iacovella, Annette L Bunge, Clare McCabe, Joke A Bouwstra
The lipids located in the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), play a crucial role in maintaining the skin barrier function. The primary components of the SC lipid matrix are ceramides (CERs), cholesterol (CHOL), and free fatty acids (FFAs). They form two crystalline lamellar phases: the long periodicity phase (LPP) and the short periodicity phase (SPP). In inflammatory skin conditions like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, there are changes in the SC CER composition, such as an increased concentration of a sphingosine-based CER (CER NS) and a reduced concentration of a phytosphingosine-based CER (CER NP). In the present study, a lipid model was created exclusively forming the SPP, to examine whether alterations in the CER NS:CER NP molar ratio would affect the lipid organization. Experimental data were combined with molecular dynamics simulations of lipid models containing CER NS:CER NP at ratios of 1:2 (mimicking a healthy SC ratio) and 2:1 (observed in inflammatory skin diseases), mixed with CHOL and lignoceric acid as the FFA. The experimental findings show that the acyl chains of CER NS and CER NP and the FFA are in close proximity within the SPP unit cell, indicating that CER NS and CER NP adopt a linear conformation, similarly as observed for the LPP. Both the experiments and simulations indicate that the lamellar organization is the same for the two CER NS:CER NP ratios while the SPP NS:NP 1:2 model had a slightly denser hydrogen bonding network than the SPP NS:NP 2:1 model. The simulations show that this might be attributed to intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the additional hydroxide group on the headgroup of CER NP compared with CER NS.
{"title":"The Sphingosine and Phytosphingosine Ceramide Ratio in Lipid Models Forming the Short Periodicity Phase: An Experimental and Molecular Simulation Study.","authors":"Andreea Nădăban, Chloe O Frame, Dounia El Yachioui, Gerrit S Gooris, Robert M Dalgliesh, Marc Malfois, Christopher R Iacovella, Annette L Bunge, Clare McCabe, Joke A Bouwstra","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lipids located in the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), play a crucial role in maintaining the skin barrier function. The primary components of the SC lipid matrix are ceramides (CERs), cholesterol (CHOL), and free fatty acids (FFAs). They form two crystalline lamellar phases: the long periodicity phase (LPP) and the short periodicity phase (SPP). In inflammatory skin conditions like atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, there are changes in the SC CER composition, such as an increased concentration of a sphingosine-based CER (CER NS) and a reduced concentration of a phytosphingosine-based CER (CER NP). In the present study, a lipid model was created exclusively forming the SPP, to examine whether alterations in the CER NS:CER NP molar ratio would affect the lipid organization. Experimental data were combined with molecular dynamics simulations of lipid models containing CER NS:CER NP at ratios of 1:2 (mimicking a healthy SC ratio) and 2:1 (observed in inflammatory skin diseases), mixed with CHOL and lignoceric acid as the FFA. The experimental findings show that the acyl chains of CER NS and CER NP and the FFA are in close proximity within the SPP unit cell, indicating that CER NS and CER NP adopt a linear conformation, similarly as observed for the LPP. Both the experiments and simulations indicate that the lamellar organization is the same for the two CER NS:CER NP ratios while the SPP NS:NP 1:2 model had a slightly denser hydrogen bonding network than the SPP NS:NP 2:1 model. The simulations show that this might be attributed to intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the additional hydroxide group on the headgroup of CER NP compared with CER NS.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-25DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01400
Whirang Cho, Lucas Q Flagg, John R Hoffman, Daniel Burnett, Anett Kondor, Douglas M Fox, Christopher M Stafford, Jeremiah W Woodcock
Polymer-based functional surface coatings are extensively used in advanced technologies, including optics, energy, and environmental applications. Surface thermodynamic properties profoundly impact the molecular interactions that control interfacial behaviors, such as adhesion and wettability, which in turn dictate coating processes and performance. Conventionally, contact angle measurements are used to assess the surface energy of polymer films and coatings, where the wettability of a surface is assessed using probe fluids (liquid drops). However, contact angle measurement oftentimes can be nontrivial due to the roughness or chemical heterogeneity of the solid surface, as well as the potential for the liquid drop to swell or even dissolve the material being measured. Alternatively, inverse gas chromatography (iGC) is a versatile technique to measure surface thermodynamics and Lewis acid-base properties while also providing environmental control such as temperature and humidity. Despite these benefits, the application of iGC has been limited to powders or fibers, while the direct measurement of supported thin films or coatings is still a nascent area of research. This creates a challenge when using iGC as a comprehensive platform for measuring the physicochemical properties of solid surfaces. Here, we demonstrate how to effectively use iGC to characterize the surface energy of supported polymer thin films by using a two-dimensional (2D) film holder and modifying operational controls, such as the concentration range of the injected gas probe molecules. This enables the precise control of surface coverage required for analyzing samples having minimal surface area, such as thin films. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was employed as a benchmark to determine suitable iGC parameters and to validate our approach on polymer thin films. The seminal work presented here expands the capability of state-of-the-art iGC to embrace supported thin films (2D iGC) that could either be smooth or display texture/roughness (patterned films) as well as coatings with heterogeneous chemical/structural composition.
{"title":"New Method to Probe the Surface Properties of Polymer Thin Films by Two-Dimensional (2D) Inverse Gas Chromatography (iGC).","authors":"Whirang Cho, Lucas Q Flagg, John R Hoffman, Daniel Burnett, Anett Kondor, Douglas M Fox, Christopher M Stafford, Jeremiah W Woodcock","doi":"10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c01400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymer-based functional surface coatings are extensively used in advanced technologies, including optics, energy, and environmental applications. Surface thermodynamic properties profoundly impact the molecular interactions that control interfacial behaviors, such as adhesion and wettability, which in turn dictate coating processes and performance. Conventionally, contact angle measurements are used to assess the surface energy of polymer films and coatings, where the wettability of a surface is assessed using probe fluids (liquid drops). However, contact angle measurement oftentimes can be nontrivial due to the roughness or chemical heterogeneity of the solid surface, as well as the potential for the liquid drop to swell or even dissolve the material being measured. Alternatively, inverse gas chromatography (iGC) is a versatile technique to measure surface thermodynamics and Lewis acid-base properties while also providing environmental control such as temperature and humidity. Despite these benefits, the application of iGC has been limited to powders or fibers, while the direct measurement of supported thin films or coatings is still a nascent area of research. This creates a challenge when using iGC as a comprehensive platform for measuring the physicochemical properties of solid surfaces. Here, we demonstrate how to effectively use iGC to characterize the surface energy of supported polymer thin films by using a two-dimensional (2D) film holder and modifying operational controls, such as the concentration range of the injected gas probe molecules. This enables the precise control of surface coverage required for analyzing samples having minimal surface area, such as thin films. Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was employed as a benchmark to determine suitable iGC parameters and to validate our approach on polymer thin films. The seminal work presented here expands the capability of state-of-the-art iGC to embrace supported thin films (2D iGC) that could either be smooth or display texture/roughness (patterned films) as well as coatings with heterogeneous chemical/structural composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":50,"journal":{"name":"Langmuir","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141449050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}