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Keynote 4 - The Good, The Bad, and The Ethical: Exploring Artificial Intelligence in Automatic Decision-Making 主题演讲4 -好、坏和伦理:探索自动决策中的人工智能
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/cscwd57460.2023.10152747
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引用次数: 0
Tensions in design and participation processes: An ethnographic approach to the design, building and evaluation of a collective intelligence model 设计和参与过程中的紧张关系:设计、构建和评估集体智慧模型的民族志方法
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152565
Ramon Chaves, C. Motta, António Correia, Jano de Souza, D. Schneider
This paper explores the challenges and strategies used to design, build and evaluate a collective intelligence (CI) model to support discussions about cities. Through an autoethnography of ideas and discussion practices in both online and offline contexts, this work explores the tensions between the chosen methodological approaches, including design science research (DSR) and participatory action research (PAR). Moreover, we also examine the challenges and pitfalls observed during the practical conduction of this research when involving participants in the process of empirically evaluating the proposed model. Finally, aspects related to the autoethnographic process itself as a reflective method are discussed alongside the consequences of desiring and seeking participation in the research process.
本文探讨了设计、构建和评估集体智慧(CI)模型所面临的挑战和策略,以支持有关城市的讨论。通过在线和离线背景下的思想和讨论实践的自我民族志,本作品探讨了所选择的方法方法之间的紧张关系,包括设计科学研究(DSR)和参与性行动研究(PAR)。此外,我们还研究了在实际开展这项研究时观察到的挑战和陷阱,涉及参与者在经验评估所提出的模型的过程中。最后,讨论了作为一种反思方法的自我民族志过程本身的相关方面,以及渴望和寻求参与研究过程的后果。
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引用次数: 0
SynCPFL:Synthetic Distribution Aware Clustered Framework for Personalized Federated Learning 个性化联邦学习的综合分布感知聚类框架
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152654
Junnan Yin, Yuyan Sun, Lei Cui, Zhengyang Ai, Hongsong Zhu
Federated Learning (FL) is a promising machine learning paradigm for collaborative training on cross-soils in a privacy-protected manner. However, the existence of non-IID data causes problems such as performance degradation and thus becomes one of the key challenges in FL recently. To address this problem, we propose a clustered personalized federated learning method named as SynCPFL. SynCPFL groups clients sharing with the similar data distribution together, thereby facilitating collaboration and producing a better-personalized model for each client. In contrast to existing clustered federated learning methods, SynCPFL does not require multiple rounds of interaction between clients and server, so that the communication overhead is reduced a lot, thereby saving resources of clients. We evaluate SynCPFL on benchmark datasets, the experimental results demonstrate that SynCPFL outperforms existing methods.
联邦学习(FL)是一种很有前途的机器学习范式,用于以隐私保护的方式在跨土壤上进行协作训练。然而,非iid数据的存在导致了性能下降等问题,成为近年来FL研究面临的主要挑战之一。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种名为SynCPFL的聚类个性化联邦学习方法。SynCPFL将具有相似数据分布的客户端分组在一起,从而促进协作并为每个客户端生成更好的个性化模型。与现有的集群联邦学习方法相比,SynCPFL不需要客户机和服务器之间进行多轮交互,从而大大减少了通信开销,从而节省了客户机的资源。我们在基准数据集上对SynCPFL进行了评估,实验结果表明SynCPFL优于现有的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Smart Energy Platform for Large-space Stadium Construction Based on Internet of Things 基于物联网的大空间场馆建设智能能源平台
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152852
Ning Zhang, Tianyue Qiu, Liuliu Du-Ikonen, Xiaojie Lin, Qichao Ye, Jiaying Chen
A smart energy platform for the large-space stadium based on Internet of Things (IoT) is proposed. The platform could realize the safe and stable operation of the energy system in various scenarios and promote low-carbon, efficient and sustainable development. In this paper, the smart energy platform is constructed based on IoT device data collection, time series data storage, front-end smart energy platform, and back-end optimization modules. The architecture and framework of the platform are explained in details. This study takes a large-space building in Hangzhou as an example to explain how the smart energy platform works in the real site. The real-time monitoring map of carbon emissions module and load prediction module of air-conditioning system are presented. The developed smart energy platform based on IoT could support the digital twin-based operation management of various types of low-carbon buildings in the future.
提出了一种基于物联网的大空间体育场馆智能能源平台。该平台可实现能源系统在各种场景下的安全稳定运行,促进低碳、高效、可持续发展。本文以物联网设备数据采集、时间序列数据存储、前端智能能源平台、后端优化模块为基础构建智能能源平台。详细介绍了平台的体系结构和框架。本研究以杭州某大空间建筑为例,说明智能能源平台在真实现场的工作原理。给出了空调系统碳排放模块和负荷预测模块的实时监测图。所开发的基于物联网的智能能源平台,可支持未来各类低碳建筑的数字化孪生运营管理。
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引用次数: 0
Discriminative Feature Focus via Masked Autoencoder for Zero-Shot Learning 基于遮罩自编码器的判别特征聚焦零拍摄学习
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152773
JingQi Yang, Cheng Xie, Peng Tang
Zero-shot learning (ZSL) is an important research area in computer-supported cooperative work in design, especially in the field of visual collaborative computing. ZSL normally uses transferable semantic features to represent the visual features to predict unseen classes without training the unseen samples. Existing ZSL models have attempted to learn region features in a single image, while the discriminative attribute localization of visual features is typically neglected. To handle the mentioned problem, we propose a pre-trained Masked Autoencoders(MAE) based Zero-Shot Learning model. It uses multi-head self-attention in Transformer blocks to capture the most discriminative local features from a partial perspective by considering both positional and contextual information of the entire sequence of patches, which is consistent with the human attention mechanism when recognizing objects. Further, it uses a Multilayer Perceptron(MLP) to map visual features to the semantic space for relating visual and semantic attributes, and predicts the semantic information, which is used to find out the class label during inference. Both quantitative and qualitative experimental results on three popular ZSL benchmarks show the proposed method achieves the new state-of-the-art in the field of generalized zero-shot learning and conventional zero-shot learning. The source code of the proposed method is available at https://github.com/yangjingqi99/MAE-ZSL
零射击学习(Zero-shot learning, ZSL)是计算机支持的设计协同工作,特别是视觉协同计算领域的一个重要研究方向。ZSL通常使用可转移的语义特征来表示视觉特征,在不训练未见样本的情况下预测未见的类。现有的ZSL模型试图学习单幅图像中的区域特征,而视觉特征的判别属性定位通常被忽略。为了解决上述问题,我们提出了一种基于预训练掩码自编码器(MAE)的零射击学习模型。它利用Transformer块中的多头自注意,通过考虑整个块序列的位置和上下文信息,从局部角度捕捉最具判别性的局部特征,这与人类识别物体时的注意机制是一致的。利用多层感知器(Multilayer Perceptron, MLP)将视觉特征映射到语义空间,实现视觉属性和语义属性的关联,并对语义信息进行预测,从而在推理过程中找到类标签。在三个常用的ZSL基准上的定量和定性实验结果表明,该方法达到了广义零射击学习和传统零射击学习领域的最新水平。建议的方法的源代码可在https://github.com/yangjingqi99/MAE-ZSL上获得
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引用次数: 0
Decentralized Application Identification via Burst Feature Aggregation 基于突发特征聚合的分散应用识别
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152673
Chen Yang, Can Wang, Weidong Zhang, Huiyi Zhang, Xuangou Wu
With the development of blockchain technology, de-centralized applications (DApps) are increasingly being developed and deployed on blockchain platforms. However, the complex data validation mechanism and strict encryption protocol settings of blockchain often lead to sparse traffic behavior of DApps. This sparsity poses a challenge for existing encrypted traffic identification methods to extract distinguishable DApps traffic features. In this study, we propose a novel approach for identifying DApps traffic features by observing the differences in burst timing features of DApps. We introduce a continuous burst feature matrix (CBFM) method based on burst feature aggregation that can aggregate sparse features and express the burst timing differences of DApps encrypted traffic. Additionally, we design a deep learning classifier to automatically extract the features contained in the CBFM. Our experimental results on real datasets demonstrate that the proposed CBFM method achieves a classification accuracy of 94%, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
随着区块链技术的发展,越来越多的去中心化应用程序(DApps)被开发和部署在区块链平台上。然而,区块链复杂的数据验证机制和严格的加密协议设置往往导致dapp的流量行为稀疏。这种稀疏性对现有的加密流量识别方法提出了挑战,难以提取可区分的dapp流量特征。在本研究中,我们提出了一种通过观察dapp突发时序特征的差异来识别dapp流量特征的新方法。提出了一种基于突发特征聚合的连续突发特征矩阵(CBFM)方法,该方法可以聚合稀疏特征并表达DApps加密流量的突发时序差异。此外,我们设计了一个深度学习分类器来自动提取CBFM中包含的特征。我们在真实数据集上的实验结果表明,所提出的CBFM方法达到了94%的分类准确率,优于目前最先进的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting Fake-Normal Pornographic and Gambling Websites through one Multi-Attention HGNN 基于多关注HGNN的假正常色情赌博网站检测
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152775
Xiaoqing Ma, Chao Zheng, Zhao Li, Jiang Yin, Qingyun Liu, Xunxun Chen
The rapid development of pornographic and gambling websites, fueled by the widespread abuse of information technology, has become a growing concern. They pose a serious threat to the physical and mental health of children and can also endanger personal property. Therefore, it is necessary to detect them. However, pornographic and gambling websites become more and more tricky, which shows fake-normal to evade censorship and challenges traditional content-based detection methods. Therefore, it is essential to rely on information about relationships between websites.We propose HMAN, one Multi-Attention Heterogeneous Graph Neural Network (HGNN) model to detect pornographic and gambling websites by integrating content features and structural information, even if they present fake-normal. By one multi-attention mechanism consisting of explicit weight, self-attention and attention mechanism, content features can be selectively utilized with the assistance of structural information. The experimental results show that our method achieves the best 95.1% Macro-Avg-F1 and outperforms all baselines. We also illustrate that all extracted metapaths do contribute to the detection, where the hyperlink, title/meta terms and IP address are relatively important.
由于信息技术的广泛滥用,色情和赌博网站的迅速发展已经成为一个日益令人担忧的问题。它们对儿童的身心健康构成严重威胁,也可能危及个人财产。因此,有必要对它们进行检测。然而,色情和赌博网站变得越来越狡猾,这表明假正常逃避审查,挑战传统的基于内容的检测方法。因此,依赖网站之间关系的信息是必要的。我们提出了一种多注意异构图神经网络(HGNN)模型,通过整合内容特征和结构信息来检测色情和赌博网站,即使它们呈现假正常。通过一种由外显权值、自我注意和注意机制组成的多注意机制,可以在结构信息的辅助下有选择地利用内容特征。实验结果表明,该方法达到了95.1%的最佳Macro-Avg-F1,优于所有基线。我们还说明了所有提取的元路径都有助于检测,其中超链接、标题/元术语和IP地址相对重要。
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引用次数: 0
Path Planning based on Reinforcement Learning with Improved APF model for Synergistic Multi-UAVs 基于强化学习改进APF模型的协同多无人机路径规划
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/cscwd57460.2023.10152811
Qun Ding, Xiaolong Xu, Wenming Gui
As the emerging technology of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) becomes mature, UAVs are widely used in environmental monitoring, communication and other fields. In view of this, this paper analyzed the task of synergistic multi-UAVs exploration of unknown environments, and proposed a path planning method for them based on reinforcement learning. Firstly, the path planning task of the UAVs was divided into two parts: the path travel strategy module and the information exploration strategy module. Models of the two modules were based on the Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm (DDPG), and an improved Artificial Potential Field (APF) force traction mechanism was introduced in the path travel strategy module. Its aim was to assist in guiding the generation of UAV flight path trajectories. Also it could enhance the learning capability of the model. The path travel strategy module would generate the complete flight path of the whole cluster in a distributed manner. A series of temporary target points provided by the information exploration strategy module helped. In maps with 21.5%, 25.3% and 29.6% of obstacles, multi-UAVs could achieve 84.2%, 76.7% and 69.9% of environmental exploration by the designed method. Compared with the APF method, the A star method and the Breath First Search (BFS) method, the proposed method is not only able to plan feasible paths in a more complex map model, but also the curvature of the planned paths is smoother, thus achieving the goal of reducing the energy cost of UAVs.
随着无人机这一新兴技术的成熟,无人机被广泛应用于环境监测、通信等领域。鉴于此,本文分析了多无人机协同探索未知环境的任务,提出了一种基于强化学习的多无人机协同探索未知环境的路径规划方法。首先,将无人机的路径规划任务划分为路径出行策略模块和信息探索策略模块。两个模块的模型均基于深度确定性策略梯度算法(Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient algorithm, DDPG),在路径出行策略模块中引入了改进的人工势场(Artificial Potential Field, APF)力牵引机制。它的目的是协助指导UAV飞行路径轨迹的生成。同时可以增强模型的学习能力。路径旅行策略模块将以分布式方式生成整个集群的完整飞行路径。信息探索策略模块提供的一系列临时目标点有所帮助。在障碍物占比分别为21.5%、25.3%和29.6%的地图中,多无人机的环境探测成功率分别为84.2%、76.7%和69.9%。与APF方法、A星方法和呼吸优先搜索(Breath First Search, BFS)方法相比,该方法不仅能够在更复杂的地图模型中规划可行路径,而且规划路径的曲率更平滑,从而达到降低无人机能量成本的目的。
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引用次数: 0
A Variable Neighborhood Search Algorithm for Heat Pipe-Constrained Component Layout Optimization 热管约束下元件布局优化的变邻域搜索算法
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152572
Shichen Tian, Zhi-Guo Deng, Jia-xu Fan, Chunjiang Zhang, Weiming Shen, Liang Gao
This paper proposes a bi-level Multi-Start Variable Neighborhood Search-Genetic Algorithm (MSVNS-GA) for the heat pipe-constrained component layout optimization (HCLO) problems. The proposed algorithm has won the first place in the CEC’2022 Competition on the Heat Pipe-Constrained Component Layout Optimization. First, the HCLO problem is divided into two sub-problems, heat pipe assignment (HA) and component location (CL). In the HA problem, components are assigned to different heat pipes. The best assignment scheme is taken as the input of the CL problem. In the CL problem, the specific coordinates of components are determined to meet practical engineering constraints. In this way, the complexity of the problem is lowered, and a part of the infeasible solution is cropped. Second, to address the HA problem, a multi-start variable neighborhood search algorithm is proposed and five efficient bottleneck-aware neighborhood structures are designed. And the genetic algorithm is used for CL problem. Finally, 30 independent experiments are carried out on the calculation examples with sizes of 6×4, 15×6, 40×16, and 90×32. The best result obtained by MSVNS-GA is 0.0%, 1.0%, 0.8%, and 1.1% different from the estimated lower bounds.
针对热管约束下的元件布局优化问题,提出了一种双层多启动变量邻域搜索遗传算法。该算法在CEC 2022热管约束组件布局优化竞赛中获得第一名。首先,将HCLO问题分为热管分配(HA)和部件定位(CL)两个子问题。在HA问题中,组件被分配到不同的热管中。将最佳分配方案作为CL问题的输入。在CL问题中,确定部件的具体坐标以满足实际工程约束。这样既降低了问题的复杂性,又剔除了一部分不可行的解。其次,针对高可用性问题,提出了一种多起始变量邻域搜索算法,设计了五种高效的瓶颈感知邻域结构。并采用遗传算法求解CL问题。最后,对尺寸分别为6×4、15×6、40×16、90×32的计算例进行了30个独立实验。MSVNS-GA得到的最佳结果与估计的下界分别相差0.0%、1.0%、0.8%和1.1%。
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引用次数: 0
A Matheuristic-based Rescheduling Method for Flexible Job Shops with Lot-streaming and Machine Reconfigurations 具有批量流和机器重构的柔性作业车间的数学重调度方法
IF 2.4 3区 计算机科学 Q3 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2023-05-24 DOI: 10.1109/CSCWD57460.2023.10152589
Jia-xu Fan, Chunjiang Zhang, Weiming Shen
This paper studies a flexible job shop rescheduling problem with lot-streaming and machine reconfigurations (FJRP-LSMR) to minimize the sum of the instability and total weighted tardiness, where machine reconfigurations are performed by assembling selected auxiliary modules for processing different batches of products. In this case, a rescheduling process is triggered by dynamic events, and requires to determine the lot-sizing plan, machine assignment, and sublot sequencing simultaneously. To address the intractable problem with multiple decision-making processes, a matheuristic integrating the genetic algorithm (GA) and the mixed integer linear programming (MILP) technique is proposed, where an MILP model is developed for optimally solving the lot-sizing sub-problem, and is embedded to the GA as a local search function. The proposed matheuristic is tested on randomly-generated instances to investigate the performance of all the algorithmic components. Experimental results demonstrate that the GA representation is effective in the complicated dynamic scheduling problem, and the lot-sizing sub-problem can be well addressed by the proposed MILP-based local search.
本文研究了一类具有批量流和机器重构的柔性作业车间重调度问题(FJRP-LSMR),该问题通过装配选定的辅助模块来加工不同批次的产品,以最小化不稳定性和总加权延迟的总和。在这种情况下,重新调度过程由动态事件触发,并且需要同时确定批量计划、机器分配和子批排序。为了解决多决策过程的棘手问题,提出了一种将遗传算法(GA)与混合整数线性规划(MILP)技术相结合的数学方法,建立了最优求解批量子问题的混合整数线性规划模型,并将其作为局部搜索函数嵌入到遗传算法中。在随机生成的实例上对所提出的数学算法进行了测试,以研究所有算法组件的性能。实验结果表明,遗传算法在复杂的动态调度问题中是有效的,并且基于milp的局部搜索可以很好地解决批量子问题。
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引用次数: 0
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Computer Supported Cooperative Work-The Journal of Collaborative Computing
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