Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers最新文献_第4页

Experimental study on fidelity transfer technology of full-ocean-depth macro-organisms 全海洋深度大型生物保真转移技术实验研究

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104624

Guangping Liu , Jing Yang , Yongping Jin , Youduo Peng , Buyan Wan

1Acquiring fidelity macro-organisms samples in a full-ocean-depth environment (water depth of 11000 m) is very important for the scientific research on environmental change, life evolution, macro-organisms species distribution, and living conditions in the abyssal seafloor. Due to technical limitations in the collection and transfer of full-ocean-depth macro-organism samples, existing deep-sea sampling devices often cannot reliably collect and transfer intact specimens in situ.To address this challenge, a new high-fidelity transfer system for macro-organisms has been developed, along with an innovative method for transferring specimens under ultra-high pressure. This paper details the structure, operating principle, and sealing theory of the full-ocean-depth macro-organism fidelity transfer system. Additionally, internal pressure and transfer tests were conducted using a prototype of the system to validate its performance. The test results show that the full-ocean-depth macro-organisms fidelity transfer system can withstand the pressure of up to 110 MPa and maintain the pressure for 12 h.The final pressure recorded during two internal pressure tests was 109 MPa. Under ultra-high pressure (95 MPa), the pressure-free transfer test of the full-ocean-depth macro-organisms fidelity transfer system was completed. In addition, the full-ocean-depth macro-organisms fidelity transfer system has completed pressure-holding sampling and transfer experiments at seafloor depths of 4080 m and 7724 m. These experiments have verified the feasibility of the system's design and the reliability of its seals. The findings provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for the development and manufacturing of full-ocean-depth transfer devices.

1 .获取全海深环境（水深11000 m）下的保真大型生物样本，对于研究深海海底环境变化、生命演化、大型生物物种分布、生存条件等具有重要意义。由于收集和转移全海洋深度大型生物样本的技术限制，现有的深海采样设备往往不能可靠地在原位收集和转移完整的样本。为了应对这一挑战，研究人员开发了一种新的高保真大型生物转移系统，以及一种在超高压下转移标本的创新方法。本文详细介绍了全海洋深度宏观生物保真传输系统的结构、工作原理和密封原理。此外，利用该系统的原型进行了内部压力和传递测试，以验证其性能。试验结果表明，该全海洋深度宏观生物保真传递系统可承受高达110 MPa的压力，并保持压力12 h，两次内压试验记录的最终压力为109 MPa。在超高压（95 MPa）条件下，完成了全海洋深度宏观生物保真传递系统的无压传递试验。此外，全海洋深度大型生物保真度传递系统完成了4080 m和7724 m海底深度的保压采样和传递实验。实验验证了系统设计的可行性和密封的可靠性。研究结果为全海深转移装置的研制提供了理论基础和技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Latitudinal transitions of eddy-affected zooplankton abundance in the mid-latitude North Atlantic 北大西洋中纬度涡旋影响浮游动物丰度的纬向转变

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104605

Guiyan Han , Graham D. Quartly , Hui Wang , Jie Yang , Ge Chen

Mesoscale eddies play a critical role in marine ecosystems by regulating ocean environments and thereby influencing marine life. By integrating zooplankton observations from the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) project with satellite-derived sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll (Chl) concentration, and eddy datasets based on sea surface height, we investigate the impacts of eddy populations on zooplankton community abundance in the North Atlantic. To comprehensively assess both the abundance and richness of zooplankton communities, we introduced the Abundance Index as a unifying metric. The mid-latitude North Atlantic is segmented into three latitudinal zones: the southern zone (35°N–45°N), the middle zone (45°N–55°N), and the northern zone (55°N–70°N). Our analysis revealed distinct annual variations in the Abundance Index across the three zones from 1993 to 2017. The Abundance Index was consistently higher within cyclonic eddy (CE) cores compared with anticyclonic eddy (AE) cores in the southern and northern zones, contrasting with the patterns in the middle zone. However, the composite patterns of eddy-affected Chl and SST were similar across all zones. By employing six machine learning models, we assessed the feature importance (FI) of log-transformed Chl (log-Chl) and SST in explaining the Abundance Index. Log-Chl was found to have a greater impact than SST, particularly in the northern zone, highlighting the greater importance of food availability relative to ambient temperature. Significant shifts in the Abundance Index differences between AE and CE cores were detected in 1998, 2002, and 2003 in the southern, middle, and northern zones, respectively, suggesting that optimal habitats may have shifted in response to ocean climate change. These findings provide deeper insights into the effects of mesoscale eddies on zooplankton communities and highlight their broader implications for marine ecosystem dynamics.

中尺度涡旋通过调节海洋环境从而影响海洋生物，在海洋生态系统中起着至关重要的作用。通过将连续浮游生物记录仪（CPR）项目的浮游动物观测数据与卫星获取的海表温度（SST）、叶绿素（Chl）浓度和基于海面高度的涡旋数据集相结合，研究了涡旋种群对北大西洋浮游动物群落丰度的影响。为了综合评价浮游动物群落的丰度和丰富度，我们引入了丰度指数作为统一的度量标准。北大西洋中纬度地区被划分为三个纬度区：南区（35°N - 45°N）、中区（45°N - 55°N）和北区（55°N - 70°N）。我们的分析显示，从1993年到2017年，三个区域的丰度指数有明显的年度变化。南区和北区气旋涡旋（CE）核的丰度指数均高于反气旋涡旋（AE）核，而中部则相反。然而，涡旋影响的Chl和SST的复合模式在所有区域是相似的。通过使用6个机器学习模型，我们评估了对数变换Chl （log-Chl）和海表温度在解释丰度指数中的特征重要性（FI）。研究发现，logchl比海温的影响更大，特别是在北部地区，这突出了相对于环境温度而言食物供应的重要性。1998年、2002年和2003年，南区、中区和北区的AE和CE岩心丰度指数差异发生了显著变化，表明最优生境可能因海洋气候变化而发生了变化。这些发现为中尺度涡旋对浮游动物群落的影响提供了更深入的见解，并强调了它们对海洋生态系统动力学的更广泛影响。

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引用次数: 0

Deep-sea ecosystems of the North Atlantic Ocean: discovery, status, function and future challenges 北大西洋深海生态系统：发现、现状、功能和未来挑战

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104580

A. Louise Allcock , Diva J. Amon , Amelia E.H. Bridges , Ana Colaço , Elva Escobar-Briones , Ana Hilário , Kerry L. Howell , Nélia C. Mestre , Frank E. Muller-Karger , Imants G. Priede , Paul V.R. Snelgrove , Kathleen Sullivan Sealey , Joana R. Xavier , Anna M. Addamo , Teresa Amaro , Gayathra Bandara , Narissa Bax , Andreia Braga-Henriques , Angelika Brandt , Saskia Brix , Nadescha Zwerschke

The North Atlantic is an ocean basin with a diversity of deep-sea ecosystems. Here we provide a summary of the topography and oceanography of the North Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, provide a brief overview of the history of scientific research therein, and review the current status of knowledge of each of 18 pelagic and benthic deep-sea ecosystems, with a particular focus on knowledge gaps. We analyse biodiversity data records across the North Atlantic and highlight spatial data gaps that could provide important foci for future expeditions. We note particular data gaps in EEZs of nations within and bordering the Caribbean Sea. Our data provide a baseline against which progress can be tracked into the future. We review human impacts caused by fishing, shipping, mineral extraction, introduction of substances, and climate change, and provide an overview of international, regional and national measures to protect ecosystems. We recommend that scientific research in the deep sea should focus on increasing knowledge of the distribution and the connectivity of key species and habitats, and increasing our understanding of the processes leading to the delivery of ecosystem services. These three pillars - distribution, connectivity, ecosystem function - will provide the knowledge required to implement conservation and management measures to ensure that any deep-sea development in the future is sustainable. Infrastructure and capacity are unevenly distributed and implementation of strategies that will lead to more equitable deep-sea science is required to ensure that essential science can be delivered.

北大西洋是一个拥有多种深海生态系统的海洋盆地。本文概述了北大西洋（包括墨西哥湾和加勒比海）的地形和海洋学，简要概述了其中的科学研究历史，并回顾了18个远洋和底栖深海生态系统的知识现状，特别关注了知识空白。我们分析了整个北大西洋的生物多样性数据记录，并强调了空间数据差距，这可能为未来的探险提供重要的焦点。我们注意到，在加勒比海内和沿岸国家的专属经济区存在特别的数据缺口。我们的数据提供了一个基线，可以用来跟踪未来的进展。我们回顾了渔业、航运、矿物开采、物质引入和气候变化对人类的影响，并概述了保护生态系统的国际、区域和国家措施。我们建议，深海的科学研究应侧重于增加对关键物种和栖息地的分布和连通性的认识，并增加我们对导致生态系统服务提供的过程的理解。这三大支柱——分布、连通性和生态系统功能——将提供实施保护和管理措施所需的知识，以确保未来任何深海开发都是可持续的。基础设施和能力分布不均，需要实施将导致更公平的深海科学的战略，以确保能够提供基本的科学。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning analysis of polymetallic nodules and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts distribution: A case study from the 16°30′N seamounts region of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge 多金属结核和富钴锰铁结壳分布的机器学习分析——以九州-帕劳海岭16°30′n海山地区为例

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104620

Panfeng Li , Bangqi Hu , Wei Huang , Kai Lu , Gang Hu , Yuan Yang , Jingtao Zhao , Xue Ding , Weiyu Song , Jing Kan , Fuyu Wu

The seafloor is a treasure trove of mineral resources, including polymetallic nodules (PMNs) and cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts (CFCs). However, the complex seafloor terrain and the typical depths of 3000–6000 m at which these deposits are found pose significant challenges for conventional geological sampling methods, which tend to be both inefficient and costly. The Multibeam Echo Sounder (MBES) stands out for its ability to emit multiple narrow beams and cover a broad scanning area, thereby delivering high precision, efficiency, and comprehensive coverage in marine mapping. This system is adept at simultaneously capturing multibeam bathymetry (MB) and multibeam backscatter intensity (MBI) data, which significantly aids in a more nuanced understanding of seabed composition and sedimentation dynamics. By integrating MB with sampling data, one can discern seabed characteristics, thus substantially enhancing the efficiency and selectivity of exploration efforts. Despite the successful deployment of various cutting-edge acoustic technologies for the detection of seabed substrates, most research has focused on mapping PMNs and CFCs occurrences from MBI data. Moreover, previous studies typically employed a single classification model and did not incorporate multi-model comparisons or rigorous validation techniques. In our study, we utilized MB and MBI data derived from the EM302 system, a permanent fixture on the R/V No. 9 Hai Yang Di Zhi. We also considered topographic variables such as slope, slope of slope (SOS), and Bathymetric Position Index (BPI), calculated from the MB. These were combined with geological sampling to identify the type of seafloor. Utilizing this comprehensive dataset, we developed a supervised machine learning model to assess the spatial distribution of PMNs and CFCs in the 16°30′N seamounts region of the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (KPR).

海底是矿产资源的宝库，包括多金属结核（pmn）和富钴锰铁结壳（CFCs）。然而，复杂的海底地形和发现这些矿床的典型深度为3000-6000米，这对传统的地质采样方法构成了重大挑战，这些方法往往既低效又昂贵。多波束回声探测仪（MBES）能够发射多个窄波束并覆盖广泛的扫描区域，从而在海洋测绘中提供高精度、高效率和全面的覆盖范围。该系统擅长同时捕获多波束测深（MB）和多波束后向散射强度（MBI）数据，这有助于更细致地了解海底成分和沉积动力学。通过将MB与采样数据相结合，可以识别海底特征，从而大大提高了勘探工作的效率和选择性。尽管已经成功地应用了各种尖端声学技术来探测海底基材，但大多数研究都集中在从MBI数据中绘制pmn和cfc的出现情况。此外，以往的研究通常采用单一的分类模型，没有纳入多模型比较或严格的验证技术。在我们的研究中，我们使用了来自EM302系统的MB和MBI数据，EM302系统是9号海洋地之号R/V的永久装置。我们还考虑了地形变量，如坡度、坡度的坡度（SOS）和水深位置指数（BPI），这些都是从MB计算出来的。这些变量与地质采样相结合，以确定海底的类型。利用这一综合数据集，我们开发了一个有监督的机器学习模型来评估九州-帕劳岭（KPR） 16°30′n海山地区PMNs和CFCs的空间分布。

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引用次数: 0

An abnormal Taylor cap observed on the west side of the Beipo seamount in the South China Sea 南海北坡海山西侧异常泰勒帽

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104628

Zhengpu Luo , Dezhou Yang , Wuhong Guo , Lingjing Xu , Yuxuan Li , Xiquan Liu , Sheng Dai , Baoshu Yin , Kuidong Xu

An abnormal Taylor cap (ATC) was observed around the Beipo seamount (BPS) in the South China Sea. Unlike previously observed Taylor caps, the ATC is located on the west side of the BPS, rather than at the summit, and deviates by approximately 20 km. Using a high-resolution regional ocean model, we reproduced and investigated the ATC. Numerical experiments revealed that the west deviation and vertical structure of the ATC are controlled by the background flow. A vorticity budget analysis further indicated that the ATC is maintained by a balance between advection and friction. Additionally, both the BPS and ATC contribute to the observed high subsurface chlorophyll concentrations in the region.

在南海北坡海山附近观测到异常的泰勒帽（ATC）。与之前观测到的泰勒帽不同，ATC位于BPS的西侧，而不是峰顶，并且偏离了大约20公里。利用高分辨率区域海洋模型，我们重现并研究了ATC。数值实验表明，ATC向西偏移和垂直结构受背景气流控制。涡度预算分析进一步表明，ATC是由平流和摩擦的平衡维持的。此外，BPS和ATC都对该地区观测到的高地表下叶绿素浓度有贡献。

引用次数: 0

Integrated optical and acoustic monitoring of deep-sea bubble plume – A case study in Haima cold seep 深海气泡羽流的光声综合监测——以海马冷渗为例

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104603

Shuduo Liu , Ben Liu , Mengran Du , Chenguang Yang , Wen Xu

Monitoring underwater bubble plumes plays a vital role in understanding the plumes’ impacts on marine ecosystems. In this study, an integrated optical and acoustic deep-sea bubble plume observation system was designed and presented. The system was deployed in the Haima cold seep at a depth of 1,386 m, where a total of 4.5 h of optical and acoustic recordings were collected. Customized methods for processing both optical and acoustic data were also developed: a convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to identify individual bubbles from optical data stream, a passive acoustic bubble detection method integrating cell averaging constant false alarm rate (CA-CFAR) detector was applied to address human-induced interferences, and parabolic interpolation was employed to improve the resolution of time delay estimation for active acoustic observation. All the collected data were comprehensively processed and analyzed. The quantitative analysis of the video data yielded a mean bubble radius of 2.35 mm, and a gas flux ranging from 0.052 L/min to 0.086 L/min. The frequency-dependent sound speed variations obtained from the active acoustic data align well with existing theory on linear pressure wave propagation in bubbly liquid, suggesting the deep-sea bubbles influence the sound speed in predictable ways. This study represents an important early development of an integrated optical and acoustic system for in-situ deep-sea bubble plume monitoring, offering valuable insights and practical considerations for future iterations of related instrumentation and data analysis algorithms.

监测水下气泡羽流对了解其对海洋生态系统的影响起着至关重要的作用。本文设计并实现了一种光学与声学相结合的深海气泡羽观测系统。该系统部署在海马冷渗1386 m深度，共收集了4.5 h的光学和声学记录。此外，还开发了针对光学和声学数据的定制化处理方法：利用卷积神经网络（CNN）识别光学数据流中的单个气泡，利用集成单元平均恒定虚警率（CA-CFAR）检测器的被动声学气泡检测方法解决人为干扰，利用抛物线插值提高主动声学观测时延估计的分辨率。所有收集到的数据都进行了全面的处理和分析。视频数据的定量分析得出平均气泡半径为2.35 mm，气体通量为0.052 L/min ~ 0.086 L/min。从主动声波数据中获得的声速随频率的变化与现有的气泡液体线性压力波传播理论很好地吻合，表明深海气泡以可预测的方式影响声速。该研究代表了用于深海气泡羽流原位监测的光学和声学集成系统的重要早期发展，为未来相关仪器和数据分析算法的迭代提供了有价值的见解和实际考虑。

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引用次数: 0

Systemic underestimation of the mid-deep current in the South China Sea by multiple ocean reanalysis products 多种海洋再分析产品对南海中深流的系统低估

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104622

Jingyi Liu , Huizan Wang , Pinqiang Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Xiaojiang Zhang

In the South China Sea (SCS), the mid-deep current is a vital part of the three-dimensional (3D) circulation, exhibiting critical effects on the water mass renewal, material cycling, and energy balance. However, the paucity of observational data for the currents in the mid-deep layer of seas presents doubts pertaining to the reliability of ocean reanalysis products. In this study, the performances of three mainstream ocean reanalysis products, Ocean Reanalysis System 5 (ORAS5), global ocean reanalysis and simulation (GLORYS), and simple ocean data assimilation (SODA), were evaluated regarding simulating the mid-deep currents in the SCS, using the mid-depth velocity data derived from Argo trajectories and year-long mooring observations. The underestimation of the eddy kinetic energy in this layer by the ocean reanalysis products yielded a weaker intensity and variability of the model velocity field compared to the observed values. The majority (>70 %) of simulated velocities at a depth of 1000 m were lower than the Argo-derived values. With reference to the mooring data, velocity underestimation occurred in 80 % of the study area at a depth >1200 m. Even for the best-performing product, GLORYS, the well-modeled area proportion was <25 %. Further analysis of the seasonal circulation patterns and Luzon Strait volume transport indicated that: 1) all products underestimated the volume transport in the Luzon Strait relative to the results of previous studies; 2) GLORYS demonstrated optimal performance in capturing the eddy structures and seasonal responses; 3) ORAS5 achieved a relatively uniform error distribution at different depths; and 4) SODA produced a weak seasonal response and lacked mesoscale features. Overall, the current study elucidates the modeling of the mid-deep current in the SCS and enhances the data assimilation capabilities of the existing ocean reanalysis products.

在南海，中深海流是三维环流的重要组成部分，对水体更新、物质循环和能量平衡具有重要影响。然而，由于缺乏海洋中深层洋流的观测数据，对海洋再分析产品的可靠性提出了怀疑。利用Argo航迹和1年系泊观测的中深航速数据，对ocean reanalysis System 5 （ORAS5）、全球海洋再分析与模拟（GLORYS）和简单海洋数据同化（SODA） 3种主流海洋再分析产品在模拟南海中深海流方面的性能进行了评价。与观测值相比，海洋再分析产品对该层涡动能的低估使模式速度场的强度和变率较弱。在1000 m深度的模拟速度中，大多数（> 70%）低于argo导出的值。根据系泊资料，在深度1200m处，80%的研究区域出现了速度低估。即使是表现最好的产品glory，良好建模的面积比例也只有25%。进一步的季节环流模式和吕宋海峡体积输运分析表明：1)与以往研究结果相比，所有产品都低估了吕宋海峡的体积输运；2) gloria在捕捉涡旋结构和季节响应方面表现最佳；3) ORAS5在不同深度下实现了相对均匀的误差分布；4) SODA的季节响应较弱，缺乏中尺度特征。总的来说，本研究阐明了南海中深流的模拟，增强了现有海洋再分析产品的数据同化能力。

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引用次数: 0

High genetic connectivity of the two main cold-water scleractinian framework engineers from the Southwestern Atlantic 来自西南大西洋的两种主要的冷水硬核框架工程师的高遗传连通性

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104606

Kátia Cristina Cruz Capel , Pedro Leocorny , Raphael de Mello Carpes , Marcelo Visentini Kitahara , Carla Zilberberg

Cold-water coral reefs (>150 m) are highly biodiverse ecosystems mainly engineered by few scleractinian and Porifera species. Due to the low number of framework building scleractinian species combined with their low growth rates, cold-water reefs are considered vulnerable marine ecosystems susceptible to human impacts such as demersal fisheries. Apart from their occurrence, a seminal information that subsidizes best practices for their conservation is related to gene flow/population genetics. However, research on the latter is hampered by the expensive sampling logistics and, to date, most studies have focused on the North Atlantic. Here we use microsatellite markers to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of the most important cold-water framework builders in the Southwestern Atlantic, Desmophyllum pertusum and Solenosmilia variabilis. The genotyping of 285 specimens belonging to both species showed low clonality rates, high levels of genetic diversity with no evidence of inbreeding, and no population structure along a latitudinal gradient of nearly 700 km, similar to what has been previously observed for the sympatric species Madrepora oculata and M. piresae. The recurrent absence of population structure for cold-water corals in the Southwestern Atlantic along latitudinal and depth ranges, suggests that oceanographic factors, such as the direction and speed of the Western South Atlantic Central Water and of the Antarctic Intermediate Water, combined with the spawning "window" and the pelagic larval duration (PLD) of these species play crucial roles in their dispersion and connectivity patterns.

冷水珊瑚礁（水深150米）是一种高度生物多样性的生态系统，主要由少数硬核虫和多孔虫组成。由于构建框架的硬核物种数量少，加上它们的生长速度低，冷水珊瑚礁被认为是脆弱的海洋生态系统，容易受到人类的影响，如底栖渔业。除了它们的发生之外，与基因流动/群体遗传学有关的一个重要信息补贴了它们保护的最佳实践。然而，对后者的研究受到昂贵的采样物流的阻碍，迄今为止，大多数研究都集中在北大西洋。本研究利用微卫星标记研究了西南大西洋最重要的冷水框架构建者Desmophyllum pertusum和Solenosmilia variabilis的遗传多样性和群体结构。这两个物种的285个标本的基因分型结果显示，它们的克隆率低，遗传多样性水平高，没有近亲繁殖的证据，在近700 km的纬度梯度上没有种群结构，与之前对同域物种Madrepora culata和M. piresae的观察结果相似。西南大西洋冷水珊瑚在纬度和深度范围内的种群结构反复缺失，表明海洋因素，如南大西洋西部中部水域和南极中间水域的方向和速度，结合这些物种的产卵“窗口”和远洋幼虫期（PLD），对它们的分散和连通性模式起着至关重要的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a full-ocean-depth biogeochemistry experiment system and its first application at hadal zone 全海洋深度生物地球化学实验系统的研制及其在深海的首次应用

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104626

Shuangquan Liu , Jian Zhang , Mengran Du , Shun Chen , Jiwei Li , Xiaotong Peng

Obtaining actual in situ rate of biogeochemical processes is essential for understanding marine biogeochemical cycles. Automated sampling systems capable of conducting both sampling and incubation under ambient conditions are a powerful approach. Here, we present a full-ocean-depth Biogeochemistry Experiment System (BES), designed for in-situ measurements of ammonium (NH₄⁺) and nitrite (NO₂⁻) oxidation rates in hadal zone (>6000 m). The BES was successfully deployed at four stations in the Yap Trench and the Mariana Trench (Depths: 7869–10903 m), demonstrating its robustness and operational feasibility. NH₄⁺ oxidation rates ranged from undetectable to 0.03 nmol L⁻¹d⁻¹, while NO₂⁻ oxidation rates ranged from 0.64 to 2.29 nmol L⁻¹d⁻¹. These results underscore the utility of BES for deep-sea research and highlight its potential for revealing spatial variability in biogeochemical processes, particularly in regions where depressurization compromises sample integrity.

获得生物地球化学过程的实际原位速率是理解海洋生物地球化学循环的必要条件。能够在环境条件下进行采样和孵育的自动采样系统是一种强大的方法。在这里，我们提出了一个全海洋深度生物地球化学实验系统（BES），设计用于在hadal带（>6000 m）原位测量铵（NH4+）和亚硝酸盐（NO2−）氧化速率。BES已成功部署在雅浦海沟和马里亚纳海沟（深度：7869-10903米）的四个站点，证明了其稳健性和操作可行性。NH4+的氧化速率从检测不到到0.03 nmol L−1d−1，而NO2−的氧化速率从0.64到2.29 nmol L−1d−1。这些结果强调了BES在深海研究中的实用性，并强调了它在揭示生物地球化学过程的空间变异性方面的潜力，特别是在减压损害样品完整性的地区。

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引用次数: 0

Detrital and authigenic minerals across the continental slope of the East China Sea, evidence for sedimentary provenance and environmental changes since the Last Glacial Maximum 东海陆坡碎屑和自生矿物：末次盛冰期以来沉积物源和环境变化的证据

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104623

Libo Wang, Bin Zhai, Xilin Zhang, Xianrong Zhang, Zhilei Sun, Jingtao Zhao, Yong Zhang, Yanguang Dou

To enhance the understanding of source-to-sink processes and paleoenvironmental evolution in the East China Sea (ECS), this study presents a comprehensive analysis of grain size, mineral composition, total organic carbon (TOC), and radiocarbon dating in five piston cores collected from the shelf break to the lower continental slope. The provenance of bulk sediments is determined using mineral compositions of different grain size components to mitigate the influence of mechanical differentiation. On the shelf break, sediments were derived from the Changjiang and the ECS shelf after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), reflecting direct fluvial input and shelf erosion. On the continental slope, sediments originated from the Changjiang during the LGM and early deglaciation (25.3–14 ka), due to the river mouth's proximity to the continental slope. During the late deglaciation (14–11.5 ka), intensified bottom shear stress shifted the dominant sediment source to the ECS shelf. During the early Holocene (11.5–8.6 ka), sediments were sourced from both the ECS shelf and the Taiwan Strait, as bottom stress migrated. During the middle and late Holocene (8.6–0 ka), the dominant source transformed to western Taiwan rivers, driven by the intrusion of the Taiwan Warm Current. Pyrite formation is closely linked to organic carbon deposition. Temporal variations in pyrite and TOC contents show opposite trends across the continental slope. Their decline on the lower continental slope during the middle and late Holocene can be attributed to intensified deep-water ventilation, which exerted limited influence on the upper continental slope.

为了加强对东海源汇过程和古环境演化的认识，本文对陆架断裂至下陆坡的5个柱塞岩心进行了粒度、矿物组成、总有机碳（TOC）和放射性碳定年的综合分析。利用不同粒度组分的矿物组成来确定大块沉积物的物源，以减轻机械分异的影响。在陆架断裂上，沉积物主要来自末次盛冰期（LGM）后的长江陆架和ECS陆架，反映了河流的直接输入和陆架侵蚀。在大陆斜坡上，由于河口靠近大陆斜坡，沉积物主要来自于LGM和早期消冰期（25.3-14 ka）的长江。在消冰期晚期（14 ~ 11.5 ka），底部剪应力的增强使主要沉积物源向ECS陆架转移。在全新世早期（11.5 ~ 8.6 ka），由于海底应力的迁移，沉积物同时来源于东大陆架和台湾海峡。在全新世中晚期（8.6 ~ 0 ka），受台湾暖流入侵的驱动，主要源流向台湾西部河流转移。黄铁矿的形成与有机碳沉积密切相关。黄铁矿和TOC含量的时间变化在整个大陆斜坡上呈现相反的趋势。在全新世中晚期，它们在下陆坡的减少可归因于深水通气的增强，而深水通气对上陆坡的影响有限。

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