Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers最新文献_第6页

Trophic ecology of Ophiuroidea and Asteroidea in the Clarion-Clipperton-Fracture Zone (Central Pacific) 中太平洋Clarion-Clipperton-Fracture带蛇科和星科的营养生态学研究

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104598

Tanja Stratmann , Erik Simon-Lledó , Marcel T.J. van der Meer , Magdalini Christodoulou , Sven Rossel , Ana Colaço

Abyssal seascapes represent over 50 % of the Planet's surface, but the life history traits of fauna present in these ecosystems remain poorly understood. Ophiuroidea constitute about one third of the invertebrate megabenthos assemblage between 3800 m and 4800 m water depth in the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone (CCZ); Asteroidea are present in lower densities. We hypothesize that (1) Ophiuroidea, Xenophyophoroidea, and Hexactinellida have a predator-prey relationship, where Ophiuroidea feed on foraminifera- and sponge-derived organic matter (OM). (2) Ophiuroidea have a reduced dependency on fresh phytodetritus. (3) Brisingida (order of Asteroidea), often cling to stalks to have easier access to particulate OM sinking to the seafloor.

To test these three hypotheses, we combined bulk and compound-specific stable isotope analyses of fauna (Ophiuroidea, Asteroidea) and sediments with analyses of seafloor images from the eastern CCZ.

All investigated Echinodermata species had a high trophic level. Phospholipid-derived fatty acids (PLFAs) used as biomarkers suggest that Silax daleus consumes sedimentary detritus that is processed by its gut microbiome. Ophiacantha cosmica is likely a top consumer or scavenger, Ophiosphalma glabrum is an opportunistic omnivore ingesting phytodetritus, bacteria, Crustacea, and Foraminifera, while Ophiuroglypha cf. polyacantha (sp. 6) is a more selective omnivore. Freyella benthophila sits mostly on stalks of Hexactinellida and uses this elevated position to catch phytodetritus and zooplankton. Freyastera cf. tuberculata, in comparison, sits mostly on polymetallic nodules from where it preys upon Crustacea moving on the sediment surface. We confirmed that Ophiuroidea are less dependent on phytodetritus, and they consume foraminifera- and sponge derived OM.

深海海洋占地球表面的50%以上，但对这些生态系统中动物的生活史特征仍然知之甚少。在Clarion-Clipperton断裂带（CCZ） 3800 ~ 4800 m水深范围内，蛇总科约占无脊椎巨型动物组合的三分之一；小行星以较低的密度存在。我们假设(1)蛇尿总科、异生总科和六足总科存在捕食-被捕食关系，其中蛇尿总科以有孔虫和海绵来源的有机物（OM）为食。(2)蛇蝇科对新鲜植物碎屑的依赖性降低。briingida （Asteroidea目），经常附着在茎上，以便更容易接触到沉入海底的颗粒物OM。为了验证这三个假设，我们将动物群（蛇尾亚科、星形亚科）和沉积物的体积和化合物特异性稳定同位素分析与CCZ东部海底图像分析结合起来。所有调查的棘皮动物都具有较高的营养水平。磷脂衍生脂肪酸（PLFAs）被用作生物标志物，表明绿叶青杉（Silax daleus）消耗由其肠道微生物群处理的沉积碎屑。蛇棘菌（Ophiacantha cosmica）可能是顶级的消费者或清道夫，光棘菌（Ophiosphalma glabrum）是机会性杂食动物，以植物碎屑、细菌、甲壳类和有孔虫为食，而多棘菌（Ophiuroglypha cf. polyacantha, sp. 6）是更具选择性的杂食动物。Freyella benthophila主要栖息在hexactinellia的茎上，并利用这个较高的位置捕捉植物碎屑和浮游动物。相比之下，Freyastera cf. tuberculata主要栖息在多金属结核上，从那里捕食在沉积物表面移动的甲壳类动物。我们证实了蛇蝇科对植物碎屑的依赖程度较低，它们消耗有孔虫和海绵来源的OM。

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引用次数: 0

Faunal communities of Arctic deep-water methane seeps are specialised with links to hydrothermal vents 北极深水甲烷渗漏的动物群落与热液喷口有关

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104594

Mari H. Eilertsen , Marte L.B. Klemetsdal , Jon A. Kongsrud , Anne Helene S. Tandberg , Tom Alvestad , Brenda L. Esteban Vazquez , Alessandra Savini , Claudio Argentino , Giuliana Panieri

Cold seeps are common seafloor features on Arctic continental margins, but the cold seep fauna in the region has mainly been characterized from sites on the continental shelf or upper slope (<800 m). Here, we characterize the fauna of two deep-water cold seeps on the Vestnesa (1300 m) and Svyatogor Ridges (1900 m) based on morphological analyses and DNA barcoding. The Svyatogor Ridge system has been hypothesized to represent a hybrid system with processes resembling both hydrothermal vents and cold seeps, however, until now, it had not been tested whether its fauna shows any similarity to regional hydrothermal vent fauna. The present study documents a clearly specialised fauna at both seeps with seven putatively new and seep-specialised species recorded as well as eight species shared with the sedimented hydrothermal vent Loki's Castle approximately 540 km further south on the Mohns Ridge. The dataset presented illustrates a close connection between vent and seep faunas in the Arctic, presumably driven by the close geographic proximity of vents and seeps and the presence of intermediate habitats such as sedimented vents.

冷渗是北极大陆边缘地区常见的海底特征，但该地区的冷渗动物群主要分布在大陆架或上斜坡（<800 m）。本文基于形态学分析和DNA条形码，对Vestnesa （1300 m）和Svyatogor山脊（1900 m）两个深水冷渗漏区动物群进行了表征。Svyatogor Ridge系统被假设为一个混合系统，具有类似热液喷口和冷渗漏的过程，然而，到目前为止，还没有测试其动物群是否与区域热液喷口动物群有任何相似性。目前的研究记录了两个渗漏处明显的特殊动物群，其中记录了7种假定的新物种和渗漏专用物种，以及8种与沉积热液喷口Loki’s Castle共有的物种，该喷口位于莫恩斯山脊以南约540公里处。所提供的数据集说明了北极通风口和渗漏动物之间的密切联系，可能是由于通风口和渗漏的地理位置接近以及沉积物通风口等中间栖息地的存在。

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引用次数: 0

Satellite-detected sea surface chlorophyll-a penetrating fronts off the south coast of Java Island 爪哇岛南海岸外，卫星探测到的海面叶绿素-a穿透锋面

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104593

Tengfei Xu , Dingqi Wang , Qinsheng Wei , Shujiang Li , R.D. Susanto , Guanlin Wang , Fei Teng , T. Agustiadi , M. Trenggono , Priyadi Dwi Santoso , Zexun Wei

In this study, we report the phenomenon of sea surface chlorophyll-a (SSC) penetrating front south of Java Island based on satellite observations. The SSC penetrating front occurs frequently (∼17 times per month) during the upwelling season (June to November) and can also be observed (∼4 times per month) during the non-upwelling season (December to May). The offshore distance of the SSC penetrating front can reach up to 500 km and 350 km in the upwelling and non-upwelling seasons, respectively. Eddy-related advection along the eddy edges plays an important role in maintaining the SSC penetrating front by transporting nutrient-rich waters from the Java coast. The interannual variability of the SSC penetrating front is closely associated with the ENSO and IOD events, which tend to induce anomalous upwelling and enhanced mesoscale eddy activity, thereby leading to more frequent occurrences of the SSC penetrating fronts south of Java Island.

本文利用卫星观测资料报道了爪哇岛以南海面叶绿素-a （SSC）穿透锋现象。在上升流季节（6月至11月），SSC穿透锋频繁出现（每月~ 17次），在非上升流季节（12月至5月）也可以观察到（每月~ 4次）。在上升流季和非上升流季，南南流穿透锋的离岸距离分别可达500 km和350 km。沿涡缘的涡相关平流通过从爪哇海岸输送富营养水，在维持南中国海贯穿锋中起着重要作用。南纬c穿透锋的年际变化与ENSO和IOD事件密切相关，ENSO和IOD事件往往诱发异常上升流和中尺度涡活动增强，从而导致南纬c穿透锋在爪哇岛以南出现频率更高。

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引用次数: 0

Molluscan assemblages from the shelf and upper continental slope off Guinea-Bissau (north-west Africa) 几内亚比绍（西北非洲）陆架和上陆坡的软体动物组合

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104592

Sara Castillo , Ana Ramos , Fran Ramil

The diversity and distribution patterns of molluscs in waters off Guinea-Bissau were investigated alongside their relationships with abiotic factors. Samples were collected using commercial bottom trawls during Spanish Bissau-0810 and three FAO-CCLME expeditions carried out on shelf and continental slope areas, over a depth range of 20–1000 m. A total of 126 species of mollusc were identified (86 gastropods, 39 bivalves and 1 scaphopod). Xenophoridae and Muricidae were the most frequent families, and the gastropod Ponderiana digitata was the most frequent species. Maximum mollusc density occurred between 100 and 200 m depth, with the bivalve Neopycnodonte cochlear dominating. Average diversity by strata decreased with increasing depth, with the maximum in shallow waters (<50 m). Separation of the three main assemblages (continental shelf, upper slope and middle slope) was influenced by a combination of environmental factors including depth, bottom temperature, sediment type and carbonates.

研究了几内亚比绍海域软体动物的多样性和分布模式，以及它们与非生物因素的关系。在西班牙比绍-0810和粮农组织- cclme在大陆架和大陆斜坡区进行的三次考察期间，在20-1000米的深度范围内，使用商业底拖网收集了样本。共鉴定软体动物126种，其中腹足类86种，双壳类39种，舟壳类1种。蝶蝇科和杀蝇科是最常见的科，腹足类黄颡鱼是最常见的种。软体动物密度最大的区域为100 ~ 200 m深度，以双壳新齿蜗居多。各层的平均多样性随着深度的增加而降低，在浅水（50 m）最大。陆架、上斜坡和中斜坡三个主要组合的分离受深度、底温、沉积物类型和碳酸盐等环境因素的综合影响。

引用次数: 0

Biodiversity and distribution of deep-pelagic fishes from the subtropical Southwestern Atlantic 西南大西洋亚热带深海鱼类的生物多样性和分布

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104591

Aline Barbosa Silva , Leandro Nolé Eduardo , Juliano Lauser Coletto , Laura Alma Costa , Rafael André Avila , José Henrique Muelbert

We conducted a biodiversity assessment of deep-pelagic fish species in the Subtropical Southwestern Atlantic Ocean, using three complementary fishing methods across depths from 97 to 2570 m between 1996 and 2022. This analysis includes 926,657 specimens, representing 74 species from 11 orders and 18 families. Using these data, we present relationships with environmental factors and a detailed species inventory illustrating diversity and dominance patterns. Distinct from other Southwestern Atlantic ecoregions, our findings reveal high species dominance coupled with relatively low diversity. Among the collected taxa, Diaphus dumerilii (Myctophidae) and Maurolicus stehmanni (Sternoptychidae) constituted over 90 % of all specimens. Analysis of their distribution in relation to water properties reveals that these species exhibit a greater tolerance to a broad range of temperature and salinity conditions, an adaptive trait that likely drives their ecological dominance in the deep-pelagic ecosystems of the study area. The dominance pattern held consistently across all fishing methods, though we observed notable variation in species diversity and abundance between collection techniques. This study provides an important assessment of the deep-pelagic fish fauna in this region, establishing a valuable baseline for future research targeting this largely unexplored fauna.

1996年至2022年，采用三种互补的捕捞方法，对西南大西洋副热带97 ~ 2570 m的深海鱼类进行了生物多样性评估。共收集标本926657份，隶属于18科11目74种。利用这些数据，我们提出了与环境因素的关系和详细的物种清单，说明了多样性和优势模式。与其他西南大西洋生态区不同的是，我们的研究结果表明，物种优势度高，多样性相对较低。在收集到的分类群中，有超过90%的标本来自于dumerilius （mytophidae）和Maurolicus stehmanni （Sternoptychidae）。对其分布与水特性的分析表明，这些物种对广泛的温度和盐度条件表现出更大的耐受性，这一适应特征可能推动了它们在研究区域的深海生态系统中的生态优势。尽管我们观察到不同采集技术之间的物种多样性和丰度存在显著差异，但优势模式在所有捕捞方法中都保持一致。该研究为该地区的深海鱼类区系提供了重要的评估，为未来针对这一尚未开发的区系的研究建立了有价值的基线。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Megafauna of the RMS Titanic shipwreck and a nearby seamount ridge in the deep sea of the western North Atlantic” [Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers (2025) 104544] “北大西洋西部深海泰坦尼克号沉船及其附近海山脊的巨型动物”的勘误表[深海研究第一部分：海洋学研究论文（2025）104544]

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104555

Jason Cleland , Anna Gebruk , J. Murray Roberts , Dmitry Aleynik , Beverly McClenaghan , Rod Mather , Bridget Buxton , Steve W. Ross

引用次数: 0

Factors structuring macrofaunal communities of hydrocarbon seeps along the Cascadia margin 卡斯卡迪亚边缘烃类渗漏大型动物群落结构因素

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104590

Penny J. McCowen , Jill R. Bourque , Donald C. Behringer , Nancy G. Prouty , Amanda W.J. Demopoulos

Cold seeps, fueled by hydrocarbon-based chemosynthesis, support unique benthic communities that can vary across small spatial scales influenced by local geochemistry. We examined the community structure and function of macrofauna in cold seeps along the Cascadia margin on the edge of gas hydrate stability—a dynamic environment that may fluctuate as seafloor temperatures change. These communities were assessed in relation to their sediment environment to provide baseline data for these previously uninvestigated seeps and decipher the most significant variables structuring them. Specific environmental drivers investigated include sediment organic carbon, total nitrogen, C:N ratios, stable isotopes (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N), redox potential, grain size, and porefluid chemistry. Macrofaunal community composition varied across locations separating into twelve distinct clusters. Several co-located cores clustered separately, indicating high heterogeneity in these communities at small spatial scales. Significant drivers of macrofauna communities included clay and sand content, C:N, δ¹⁵N values, organic carbon content, and depth. Functional trait composition was influenced by similar drivers, including depth, δ¹⁵N values, C:N, and sand content. Our results indicate similar environmental variables structure macrofaunal community composition and function across small- and large-scale gradients, contributing to our understanding of heterogeneity in local and regional factors that shape seep macrofaunal communities. This is the first investigation of macrofauna at these recently discovered seeps and provides baseline data on the hydrate stability zone for future comparisons, advancing our knowledge of broad-scale trends in seep macrofauna ecology.

在烃类化学合成的推动下，冷渗漏支持着独特的底栖生物群落，这些底栖生物群落在受当地地球化学影响的小空间尺度上存在差异。我们研究了沿卡斯卡迪亚边缘天然气水合物稳定边缘的冷渗漏中大型动物的群落结构和功能-一个可能随着海底温度变化而波动的动态环境。这些群落被评估与其沉积物环境的关系，为这些以前未调查的渗漏提供基线数据，并破译构成它们的最重要变量。具体的环境驱动因素包括沉积物有机碳、总氮、碳氮比、稳定同位素（δ13C和δ15N）、氧化还原电位、粒度和孔隙流体化学。不同地点的大型动物群落组成不同，分为12个不同的群落。在小的空间尺度上，几个同地的核心群落分别聚集在一起，表明这些群落具有高度的异质性。粘土和砂土含量、碳氮比、δ15N值、有机碳含量和深度是影响大型动物群落的重要因素。功能性状组成受土层深度、δ15N值、碳氮比和含沙量等因素的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在小尺度和大尺度梯度上，类似的环境变量构成了大型动物群落的组成和功能，有助于我们理解形成渗漏型大型动物群落的地方和区域因素的异质性。这是在这些新近发现的渗漏中首次对大型动物进行调查，并为未来的比较提供了水合物稳定带的基线数据，提高了我们对渗漏大型动物生态学大范围趋势的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Phase transition and gas migration channels evolutions with methane hydrate system in porous media under dynamic leakage conditions 动态泄漏条件下多孔介质中甲烷水合物体系相变及运移通道演化

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104579

Hui Zhang , Jing-Chun Feng , Bin Wang , Yongming Shen , Si Zhang

Methane, which is widely present in marine sediments, is not only a potential transitional energy source but also plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle. However, in–depth research on the hydrate phase transition and its effects in porous media under dynamic leakage conditions is still lacking. In this study, X-ray computed tomography was employed to capture the real–time three–dimensional structural evolution of hydrate phase transition. The results indicate that hydrate formation expands and stabilizes gas migration channels, increasing their volume to 6.9 times the original, while also enhancing structural complexity and system permeability. During hydrate dissociation, the combined effects of gravity and released gas and water altered the distribution of gas migration channels, reducing both their volume and permeability. On this basis, the ecological and environmental impacts of hydrate phase transition on the deep–sea methane seepage areas under dynamic seepage conditions were analyzed. Hydrate phase transition playing a crucial role in the biogeochemical processes and the evolution of benthic ecological communities in methane seepage areas. This study demonstrates the role of hydrate phase transitions in reshaping gas migration channels under dynamic leakage, with implications for ecological processes and hydrate resource development in marine sediments.

甲烷广泛存在于海洋沉积物中，不仅是一种潜在的过渡性能源，而且在全球碳循环中起着至关重要的作用。然而，对于动态泄漏条件下多孔介质中水合物相变及其影响的深入研究仍然缺乏。本研究采用x射线计算机断层扫描技术实时捕捉水合物相变的三维结构演化过程。结果表明，水合物的形成扩大和稳定了天然气运移通道，使其体积增加到原来的6.9倍，同时也提高了结构复杂性和系统渗透率。在水合物解离过程中，重力和释放的气、水的共同作用改变了气体运移通道的分布，使其体积和渗透率降低。在此基础上，分析了动态渗流条件下深海甲烷渗流区水合物相变对生态环境的影响。水合物相变在甲烷渗漏区生物地球化学过程和底栖生物群落演化中起着至关重要的作用。该研究揭示了动态泄漏条件下水合物相变在重塑天然气运移通道中的作用，对海洋沉积物的生态过程和水合物资源开发具有指导意义。

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引用次数: 0

Deep-sea ecosystems of the North Atlantic Ocean: discovery, status, function and future challenges 北大西洋深海生态系统：发现、现状、功能和未来挑战

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104580

A. Louise Allcock , Diva J. Amon , Amelia E.H. Bridges , Ana Colaço , Elva Escobar-Briones , Ana Hilário , Kerry L. Howell , Nélia C. Mestre , Frank E. Muller-Karger , Imants G. Priede , Paul V.R. Snelgrove , Kathleen Sullivan Sealey , Joana R. Xavier , Anna M. Addamo , Teresa Amaro , Gayathra Bandara , Narissa Bax , Andreia Braga-Henriques , Angelika Brandt , Saskia Brix , Nadescha Zwerschke

The North Atlantic is an ocean basin with a diversity of deep-sea ecosystems. Here we provide a summary of the topography and oceanography of the North Atlantic including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, provide a brief overview of the history of scientific research therein, and review the current status of knowledge of each of 18 pelagic and benthic deep-sea ecosystems, with a particular focus on knowledge gaps. We analyse biodiversity data records across the North Atlantic and highlight spatial data gaps that could provide important foci for future expeditions. We note particular data gaps in EEZs of nations within and bordering the Caribbean Sea. Our data provide a baseline against which progress can be tracked into the future. We review human impacts caused by fishing, shipping, mineral extraction, introduction of substances, and climate change, and provide an overview of international, regional and national measures to protect ecosystems. We recommend that scientific research in the deep sea should focus on increasing knowledge of the distribution and the connectivity of key species and habitats, and increasing our understanding of the processes leading to the delivery of ecosystem services. These three pillars - distribution, connectivity, ecosystem function - will provide the knowledge required to implement conservation and management measures to ensure that any deep-sea development in the future is sustainable. Infrastructure and capacity are unevenly distributed and implementation of strategies that will lead to more equitable deep-sea science is required to ensure that essential science can be delivered.

北大西洋是一个拥有多种深海生态系统的海洋盆地。本文概述了北大西洋（包括墨西哥湾和加勒比海）的地形和海洋学，简要概述了其中的科学研究历史，并回顾了18个远洋和底栖深海生态系统的知识现状，特别关注了知识空白。我们分析了整个北大西洋的生物多样性数据记录，并强调了空间数据差距，这可能为未来的探险提供重要的焦点。我们注意到，在加勒比海内和沿岸国家的专属经济区存在特别的数据缺口。我们的数据提供了一个基线，可以用来跟踪未来的进展。我们回顾了渔业、航运、矿物开采、物质引入和气候变化对人类的影响，并概述了保护生态系统的国际、区域和国家措施。我们建议，深海的科学研究应侧重于增加对关键物种和栖息地的分布和连通性的认识，并增加我们对导致生态系统服务提供的过程的理解。这三大支柱——分布、连通性和生态系统功能——将提供实施保护和管理措施所需的知识，以确保未来任何深海开发都是可持续的。基础设施和能力分布不均，需要实施将导致更公平的深海科学的战略，以确保能够提供基本的科学。

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引用次数: 0

Westward modification of Caribbean through-flow water mass structure 加勒比海通流水团结构向西改变

IF 2.1 3区地球科学 Q2 OCEANOGRAPHY

Deep-Sea Research Part I-Oceanographic Research Papers

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsr.2025.104581

Joseph C. Gradone , W. Douglas Wilson , Scott M. Glenn , Travis N. Miles

The Caribbean Through-Flow (CTF) is a critical chokepoint for North and South Atlantic waters that form the North Atlantic western boundary current system and the upper ocean limb of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. While the circulation and energetics of the CTF have been well studied, its water mass transformations remain poorly constrained. Using over 7700 Argo float profiles from 2014 to 2024, we document a prominent westward modification in water mass structure across the Caribbean Sea. From the eastern to western Caribbean, we observe systematic increases in ocean heat content, a deepening of isopycnals, and a freshening and deepening of the subsurface salinity maximum. These changes result in a net mid-depth (∼50–500 m) density reduction of 0.40 ± 0.27 kg m^-3. We hypothesize that regional variations in mesoscale eddy activity, complex bathymetry, and meridional wind stress curl gradients drive this transformation. The resulting water mass structure has critical implications for regional climate, weather, ecosystems, and sea level rise, as it modifies the density and stratification of source waters entering the Gulf of Mexico and North Atlantic western boundary current system. Our findings highlight the importance of internal Caribbean processes in shaping upper-ocean heat and salt transport in the Atlantic and underscore the need for sustained in situ observations in the region and targeted modeling analyses of the underlying modification processes.

加勒比海通流（CTF）是形成北大西洋西部边界流系统和大西洋经向翻转环流的上层海洋分支的北大西洋和南大西洋水域的关键阻塞点。虽然CTF的循环和能量学已经得到了很好的研究，但它的水质量转化仍然很不受限制。利用2014年至2024年的7700多个Argo浮子剖面，我们记录了加勒比海水团结构的显著西向变化。从加勒比海东部到西部，我们观察到海洋热含量的系统增加，等偏线的加深，以及地下盐度最大值的更新和加深。这些变化导致净中深度（~ 50-500 m）密度降低0.40±0.27 kg m-3。我们假设中尺度涡旋活动的区域变化、复杂的水深测量和经向风应力旋度梯度驱动了这种转变。由此产生的水团结构对区域气候、天气、生态系统和海平面上升具有重要影响，因为它改变了进入墨西哥湾和北大西洋西部边界流系统的源水的密度和分层。我们的研究结果强调了加勒比海内部过程在形成大西洋上层海洋热盐运输中的重要性，并强调了在该地区进行持续的原位观测和对潜在变化过程进行有针对性的建模分析的必要性。

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引用次数: 0