Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique最新文献

{"title":"Impact of follow-up by peer support workers on mental health service users’ global functioning and self-stigmatisation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The introduction of the first French professional peer support workers training program. (« Médiateurs de santé pairs en santé mentale ») led to a series of evaluations. After a number of qualitative studies demonstrating benefits of peer support for all stakeholders, our objective was to evaluate its direct effects for users by focusing on repeated quantitative measures: global functioning and self-stigma scores. The hypothesis was that peer support would improve the former and decrease the latter.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>The procedure was based on a one-year follow-up of two groups of mental health service users. Both groups received usual care, either with or without additional peer support. All of them were asked to respond to three questionnaires at the beginning of the study and 6 and 12 months later: a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire, a global functioning scale and a self-stigmatization scale. Samples included 85/64/35 participants at the three stages for the PHM group, and 205/157/105 for the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Peer support improved global functioning. Nevertheless, it had no impact on self-stigmatization scores which remained rather low throughout the observational period.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite difficulties concerning follow-up of service users during the course of the study and the reluctance to integrate a new profession based on experiential knowledge, it appears that the hope of recovery can improve global functioning of people with mental disorders. The reasons for low self-stigmatization and its stability over time remain to be explored.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 416-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013700623001744/pdfft?md5=0672cf0fb4ef62a77a2c55a67c78646d&pid=1-s2.0-S0013700623001744-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138177936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact de la méthode diagnostique du trouble de personnalité borderline sur la réponse aiguë et le risque de rechute précoce chez les individus déprimés majeurs traités par ECT : une revue systématique de la littérature","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Given the contradictory data available in the literature, the aim of this systematic review was to investigate the impact of the diagnostic method for borderline personality disorder (BPD) on the acute response and the risk of early relapse in major depressed individuals treated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>After a systematic literature review performed during March 2023 in the PubMed-Medline database according to the PRISMA criteria, 47 articles were identified using the keyword algorithm (“Electroconvulsive Therapy” [Mesh] or electroconvulsive therapy) and (“Borderline Personality Disorder” [Mesh] or borderline personality disorder). The inclusion criteria applied for the selection of articles in this systematic review were: (1) articles investigating the impact of BPD on the acute response and/or the risk of early relapse in major depressed individuals (&gt; 18 years old) treated with ECT, (2) diagnosis of BPD and major depressive disorder by validated screening tests and/or systematic psychiatric interviews based on diagnostic criteria of international classification, (3) any type of study (cross-sectional, longitudinal, prospective, retrospective, interventional and experimental), (4) articles written in English or French, and (5) articles published after January 2000. After assessment of the 47 articles based on these inclusion criteria by two authors, seven studies investigating the impact of BPD diagnosed by systematic psychiatric interview or screening tests on the acute response and the risk of early relapse in major depressed individuals treated with ECT were included in this systematic review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Unlike the three studies diagnosing BPD by screening tests, the four studies diagnosing BPD by systematic psychiatric interview demonstrated a negative impact of this personality disorder on the acute response or the risk of early relapse in major depressed individuals treated with ECT. However, all studies included in this systematic review presented a low level of scientific evidence (cross-sectional epidemiological studies and retrospective cohort studies).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Despite the need for studies of better scientific quality, the results of this systematic review seem to indicate that screening for BPD by systematic psychiatric interview during the pre-ECT assessment and the establishment of adequate therapeutic strategies in case of comorbid BPD could be promising options to allow better acute response and better prevention of early relapses in major depressed individuals treated with ECT.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 436-445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-anxiety: An adaptive behavior or a mental disorder? Results of a psychometric study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Eco-anxiety is a complex construct that has been created to grasp the psychological impact of the consequences of global warming. The concept needs a reliably valid questionnaire to better evaluate its impact on the risk of anxiety and depressive disorders. The Eco-Anxiety Questionnaire (EAQ-22) evaluates two dimensions: ‘habitual ecological anxiety’ and ‘distress related to eco-anxiety’. However, a version in French, one of the world's widely spoken languages, was until now lacking. We aimed to translate and validate the French EAQ-22 and to evaluate the prevalence of the level of the two dimensions of eco-anxiety and the relationship with anxiety and depressive symptoms in a representative adult sample of the French general population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was performed under the auspices of the Institut national du sommeil et de la vigilance (INSV). Participants (18–65 years) were recruited by an institute specialized in conducting online surveys of representative population samples (quota sampling). Two native French speakers and two native English speakers performed a forward-backward translation of the questionnaire. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HAD) was administered to assess anxiety (HAD-A) and depressive (HAD-D) symptoms and for external validity. Internal structural validity and external validity were analysed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Evaluation was performed on 1004 participants: mean age 43.47 years (SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->13.41, range: [19–66]); 54.1% (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->543) women. Using the HAD, 312 (31.1%) patients had current clinically significant anxiety symptoms (HAD-A<!--> <!-->&gt;<!--> <!-->10) and 150 (14.9%) had current clinically significant depressive symptoms (HAD-D&gt;10). Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.934, indicating very good internal consistency. Correlation between EAQ-22 and HAD scores was low (<em>r</em>[1004]<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.209, <em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->0.001), ‘habitual ecological anxiety’ was correlated less with HAD-A and HAD-D than ‘distress related to eco-anxiety’, indicating good external validity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study validates the French EAQ-22 and paves the way for using the EAQ-22 as a global tool for assessing eco-anxiety. Further prospective studies are now required to better evaluate the impact of eco-anxiety on the occurrence of anxiety and depressive disorder.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 406-415"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140013656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is mindfulness practice “at risk” of increasing spirituality? Systematic review and critical analysis of a claimed effect","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Mindfulness meditation has gained prominence in somatic and psychiatric care in several countries including France. Studies have shown its effectiveness in various conditions, in particular the prevention of depressive relapses. However, there are criticisms and concerns about its potential links to Buddhism and spirituality, raising issues of secularism and sectarianism. This issue is particularly conflicting in France with regard its historical and political relationship with secularism.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aims to assess quantitative data regarding the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity using quantitative validated scales.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic review was conducted. PubMed was searched for relevant studies using keywords related to mindfulness and spirituality/religiosity scales. Four scales assessing spirituality were identified: FACIT-sp, INSPIRIT, DSES, and DUREL. Qualitative analysis determined if scale items pertained to spirituality or other topics considered by opponents to mindfulness as “at risk” for deviances or sectarian aberrations. Quantitative analysis assessed the effect size of changes in scale scores before and after mindfulness meditation interventions.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighteen studies were analyzed, with varying scales and program durations including 1272 participants. Qualitative analysis showed that most scales contained items related to spirituality as well as “at risk” elements like religion and mysticism. Quantitative analysis revealed that a few studies reported significant increases in spirituality scores following mindfulness meditation, but the clinical relevance of these changes was questioned. In general, control groups had smaller score changes.</p></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><p>While some studies suggest a potential increase in spirituality due to mindfulness meditation, the clinical significance of these findings remains uncertain. Moreover, mindfulness meditation's ties to Buddhism are disputed, and its roots are intertwined with various psychotherapy traditions that incorporate spirituality. The role of secularism in psychotherapy is also debated in France, emphasizing the need for proper use and regulation policy rather than prohibition of mindfulness-based approaches. This study highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity. It suggests that a pragmatic approach focusing on risk and harm reduction may be more suitable than labeling the practice as “at risk”. Further research is needed to clarify these issues in the specific cultural context of France.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 427-435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organization of French outpatient psychiatric clinics and delay to appointment","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The goals of the study were to obtain a glimpse of the several types of organization of outpatient psychiatric clinics, as well as an overview of delays between a request for and the first appointment. We also look at geographical variability of appointment scheduling delays and assess the impact of the number of new applications on delays.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed information collected from a phone survey conducted with the 103 adult outpatient psychiatric clinics of the French region Hauts-de-France. This survey had a one-week inclusion period in November 2022 and focused on the organization and delays before obtaining an appointment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study indicates that organizations seem to be homogeneous. Eighty-one outpatient psychiatric clinics (96.4%) receive with scheduled appointments. The initial evaluation by a nurse followed with a proposal for the organization of care<span> seems to be the common practice. It also appears that primary psychiatric structures were capable of providing a response within a reasonable time frame in making a first appointment with a mental health professional. On the other hand, delays were much longer and heterogeneous for first appointments with psychiatrists and psychologists.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The organizations of the outpatient psychiatric clinics of the French region Hauts-de-France seem homogeneous. The evaluation by a nurse followed with a care proposal is the common practice. Primary psychiatric structures are able to provide a response within a reasonable time, with half the centers proposing an appointment with a nurse within 10.0 days.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 465-468"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138471233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 crisis and the incidence of hospital admissions for psychosis in France","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>We aimed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the occurrence of new hospital admissions for cases of psychosis in France.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>We conducted a retrospective observational study from the French national PMSI database. We included patients hospitalized between 2018 and 2020 with a principal diagnosis of schizophrenia or delusional disorder with no history of psychosis in the previous 10 years. In total, we included 77,172 inpatients at crisis centers and/or in full-time hospitalization at 465 French hospitals. We assessed the number of inpatients during the year of the Covid crisis (2020) and the two years prior (2018, 2019).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The number of inpatients in full-time hospitalization decreased gradually from 2018 to 2020 by 10.6%. This downward trend was observed in all age groups. In contrast, in crisis centers the number of inpatients increased by 13.4% between 2019 and 2020, while a 7.6% decrease was seen between 2018 and 2019. The greatest increase was observed in the 31–60-year age category, and particularly amongst 46–60-year-olds, i.e. 38.0%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The COVID-19 crisis was associated with an increase in the number of inpatients with a new episode of psychosis in crisis centers but not in full-time hospitalization. The profile of patients in crisis centers was different from that seen in preceding years and included more middle-to-late age adults. Particular attention should be given to this category of patients in the crisis environment to prevent the occurrence of new cases of psychosis in France.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 386-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41164928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of depression and protective factors in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years, suffering from specific learning disorders, in a special education and home care service (SESSAD)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Evaluate the prevalence of depression in a population of children aged 8 to 10 years with learning disabilities treated in a Special Education and Home Care Service (SESSAD) and identify the protective factors that might preserve these children from depressive and affective problems.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Twenty children, aged 8 to 10, with learning disabilities were evaluated prior to their admission in SESSAD. Depression had been assessed through the Multiscore Depression Inventory for Children (MDIC), adapted to the French population as well as their developmental position in relation with their perceptual maturity of their body schema, through the Draw your family drawing. The protective factors were assessed through the qualitative analysis of the stories told on the </span><em>Draw your family</em> projective drawing and card 4, 9, 20 of The Socialization Test for Children (TSEA). Quantitative data were computed through descriptive statistics and non-parametric tests (Spearman's correlation test) by the jamovi© statistic software (V.2.3.24), and the qualitative data were analyzed through thematic content analysis and lexical text analysis through the TROPES software (V.8.3).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Quantitative data showed for the entire group: (1) a perceptual maturity delay of the body schema in 75% of the sample; (2) a low incidence of depression in this population with, however, 40% of the sample, (aged 8 and 9) displaying a critical threshold for feelings of helplessness. The qualitative analysis of the Draw your family and TSEA stories allowed to underline some of the protective factors against depression and those which refer, in decreasing order, to the social support given by family members, peers, and the emotional substitutes (animals).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This research highlighted the precocity of the feelings of helplessness in this population and the importance given by these children to the social support. These findings and future research on the topic might be used to guide the design and implementation of adjusted interventions addressing both the development of their learning capability and psychological empowerment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 400-405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41184144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The French National Agency for the Safety of Medicines and Health Products (ANSM) warns doctors about the risks of prescribing valproate to men of reproductive age","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 361-362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140891314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could semaglutide be related to increasing the risk of developing a disordered eating?","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.022","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Page 473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CSMD1 rs10503253 increases schizophrenia risk in a Tunisian population-group","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Schizophrenia is a complex and chronic neuropsychiatric disorder. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified several at risk genetic variants, including two single nucleotide polymorphisms, namely the rs10503253 and the rs1270942 respectively located in the CSMD1 and the CFB loci. The present case-control study was designed to assess potential associations between the two variants and the risk of developing schizophrenia and disease severity. Further we demonstrate the relationship between these variants and clinical characteristics in a population-group from Tunisia.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>In total, 216 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia along with176 healthy controls were included in this case–control study. The molecular analysis of the two polymorphisms was performed using tetra the Primer Amplification Refractory Mutation System–Polymerase Chain method. The statistical analysis was done using Compare V2.1 software, and correlations between genetic results and clinical characteristics were examined by Kruskal-Wallis testing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The frequency of the rs10503253A allele was found significantly higher among patients with schizophrenia as compared to healthy controls and associated with high negative PANSS<span> scores. While no association was found concerning the implication of the rs1270942 variant in schizophrenia risk, a positive correlation with high positive PANSS scores was further observed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present finding confirms the previously reported association between the Cub and Sushi multiple Domain 1 rs10503253A allele and the risk to develop schizophrenia and identified the rs1270942 variant as a potential disease risk modifier. Such observations may be important for the definition of the susceptible immunogenetic background in North African individuals at risk to develop mental disorders.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"50 4","pages":"Pages 380-385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}