Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique最新文献

{"title":"Quelles compétences professionnelles et pratiques utiles devrait-on retrouver chez les soignants en santé mentale : une étude en méthode mixte dirigée par des usagers","authors":"Kevin-Marc Valery ,&nbsp;Sarah Guionnet ,&nbsp;Pauline Boivert ,&nbsp;Julien Bonilla-Guerreo ,&nbsp;Meryl Caiada ,&nbsp;Jean-Marc Destaillats ,&nbsp;Simon Felix ,&nbsp;Thomas Fournier ,&nbsp;Emma Tison ,&nbsp;Louis Violeau ,&nbsp;Pascal-André Berrier ,&nbsp;Antoinette Prouteau","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Clubhouse Bordeaux initiative, a community of individuals with direct experience of mental health services, decided to identify and examine positive experiences in order to enhance the provision of care that aligns with the preferences of service users.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was twofold: firstly, to identify the professional practices and skills that mental health service users consider to be useful, and secondly, to assess the relative importance of these practices and skills in terms of frequency of occurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A survey was conducted online with the objective of gathering information from psychiatric service users in France. The content of the survey was developed through a participatory, user-led study approach.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 128 users participated in the survey. Ten practices, such as user involvement in decision-making, accurate diagnosis, person-centered support, and clear information about care, were identified as useful. Similarly, ten professional skills, including trust, empathy, honesty, transmission of hope, and belief in the potential for recovery, were also considered beneficial. However, it was observed that few service users reported frequently benefiting from these practices and skills.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and implications</h3><div>The results indicate that service users seek professionals who are both experts in providing support and trusted equals who facilitate their empowerment. Implementing these practices and skills in clinical practice could better align with the preferences expressed by service users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 682-685"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Usefulness in rehabilitation of the paper Multiple Errands Test to assess executive functions in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar or autism disorders. Results from the REHABase cohort study","authors":"Denis Boucaud-Maitre ,&nbsp;Julien Plasse ,&nbsp;Isabelle Chéreau-Boudet ,&nbsp;Benjamin Gouache ,&nbsp;Emilie Legros-Lafarge ,&nbsp;Catherine Massoubre ,&nbsp;Nathalie Guillard-Bouhet ,&nbsp;Frédéric Haesebaert ,&nbsp;Nicolas Franck ,&nbsp;Guillaume Barbalat","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Neuropsychological tests measuring executive functions are useful for identifying specific cognitive disorders, but they have limits for characterizing executive dysfunction in everyday activities. This study aims to investigate the socio-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial features associated with executive functions in patients with schizophrenia, bipolar, and autism spectrum disorders using a Paper Multiple Errands Test.</div></div><div><h3>Patients or materials and methods</h3><div>A total of 1071 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, 329 with bipolar spectrum disorder, and 254 with autism spectrum disorder were recruited from the French National Centers of Reference for Psychiatric Rehabilitation (REHABase) cohort between January 2016 and October 2022. Executive function severity was assessed by the multiple errands test. Socio-demographic and clinical data were extracted as well as results from standardized scales for self-stigma, quality of life, well-being, and self-esteem. Data were analyzed using bivariate and Quasi-Poisson regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean number of errors measured by the paper multiple errands test was 3.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.9 in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->1071), 2.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.8 in bipolar disorder (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->329), and 2.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.9 in autism disorder (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->254). Factors significantly associated with the number of errors were (1) age, illness duration, number of hospitalizations, education level, working memory, and insight in patients with schizophrenia; (2) age, illness duration, number of hospitalizations, education level, and working memory in patients with bipolar disorder; and (3) education level and working memory in patients with autism disorder. The number of errors was associated with lower quality of life, well-being and self-esteem, but not self-stigma, in all three disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The predictors of executive dysfunction observed with the paper multiple errands test were similar to those found with other tests of executive function. The paper multiple errands test is associated with essential psychosocial determinants in rehabilitation, particularly quality of life and well-being, and provides a wide range of information about functioning in community living.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 629-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profiles, treatment adherence, and quality of life in patients with severe mental disorders treated with cyamemazine: A real-world observational study","authors":"Mélanie Faugère ,&nbsp;Vincent Achour ,&nbsp;Eloïse Maakaron ,&nbsp;Pierre Verney ,&nbsp;Jade Obadia ,&nbsp;Christelle Andrieu-Haller ,&nbsp;Antoine Lefrere ,&nbsp;Michel Cermolacce ,&nbsp;Guillaume Fond ,&nbsp;Christophe Lançon ,&nbsp;Théo Korchia","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cyamemazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic with anxiolytic and sedative properties, is commonly used in the management of severe mental disorders (SMDs) such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressive disorder. Despite its unique pharmacological profile, the impact of cyamemazine on clinical outcomes, treatment adherence, and quality of life (QoL) remains inadequately studied. This study addresses the significant gap in understanding the clinical impact of cyamemazine, a widely used yet under-researched antipsychotic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This observational study was conducted at a university psychiatry unit in Marseille, France, involving patients with SMDs. Sociodemographic, clinical, and comorbid characteristics were assessed, along with treatment adherence, QoL, and side effects using validated instruments including the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) and the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQoL-18). Multivariate analyses were performed to explore the associations between cyamemazine use and clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,248 patients were included with 55 (4.4%) using cyamemazine. Cyamemazine users presented more severe clinical profiles, with higher anxiety, more hospitalizations, and poorer functioning. Although cyamemazine's anxiolytic effects may improve adherence, its sedative and metabolic side effects were associated with reduced QoL and functional impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study highlights the need for personalized treatment strategies that weigh the benefits of cyamemazine against its potential risks. Integrating pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions could enhance patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 635-642"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet and video game addiction among adolescents: A preliminary study","authors":"Hafsa Choujaa ,&nbsp;Sofia Zoukal ,&nbsp;Mohamed Agoub","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.11.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.11.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Internet and gaming addiction were emerging mental health problems, particularly among adolescents. We aimed to determine the prevalence of Internet use disorder and gaming addiction among high school students and its predictors in the city of Mohammedia, Casablanca.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study of 427 students at a public high school in Mohammedia from May to June 2022, which was selected by convenience. Internet addiction was assessed using the Young's Internet Addiction Test-20 items, and gaming addiction was assessed using the problem video gaming scale. Statistical Analysis was done using percentages, means, χ² or Fisher's exact tests, Student's <em>t</em>-tests, and logistic regression in final analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of participants was 16.3<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.2, with a female predominance (71%). Among the high school students, 47.8% were from the first year and 52.2% from the second. The majority (52.7%) reported using a smart mobile phone. They used the Internet to play games (68.4%), 32.8% to communicate on social media platforms, and 34.4% to gather general information. The prevalence of Internet addiction was 93.2%. Using the Internet alone was significantly associated with Internet addiction (aOR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->2.21; 95% CI 1.02–4.76). The prevalence of Internet game disorder was 14.1% and failing at least one grade was a significant risk factor (aOR<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->4.54; 95% CI 2.38–8.68).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Moroccan adolescents seem to be at great risk of Internet and gaming addictions. Targeted action of modifiable factors would be useful for prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 677-681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144765782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media addiction among college students in Tunisia","authors":"Emna Bergaoui,&nbsp;Azza Bouallagui,&nbsp;Abir Hkiri,&nbsp;Marwa Zrelli,&nbsp;Mariem Moalla,&nbsp;Ghassen Amri,&nbsp;Rym Ghachem","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Excessive use of social media can lead to addiction with adverse consequences for health. Through this work, we evaluated the prevalence of addiction to social media of college students from different fields and the associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a survey of 115 students by means of a questionnaire posted online during two weeks in groups of students aged between 19 and 30<!--> <!-->years from different fields in Tunisia. The questionnaire consisted of an information sheet and three self-administered questionnaires: Bergen social media addiction scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and UCLA 3-item loneliness scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our population was 70% female. The average age was 25.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.5<!--> <!-->years. Regarding lifestyle habits, twenty-nine students (25.2%) were smokers, thirty-three students (28.7%) consumed alcohol, and nine students (7.8%) used cannabis. The average number of years of social media use was 11.77<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->3.28<!--> <!-->years. The average time on line per day was 3.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.81<!--> <span>hours. The main social networks were Facebook (98.3%), Instagram (93%), Whatsapp (80.9%), Tiktok (28.7%), Snapchat (20%), and Twitter (19.1%). The use of social networks was the first action in the morning when waking up in 71.3% of the students and before sleeping in almost all students (94%). According to the results of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, 31.3% of students had problematic social media use, defined by a score</span> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->19/30. Thirty-three students (28.7%) had moderate to severe anxiety symptomatology and 41 students (35.7%) had moderate to severe depressive symptomatology. Sixty-two students (53.9%) were considered lonely according to the UCLA loneliness scale. Marital status was significantly associated with social media addiction score, with higher rates among single students. Smoking was also associated with higher social media addiction scores. Social media addiction scores were positively and significantly correlated with anxiety, depression, and loneliness scores. Frequency of going out with friends was negatively and significantly associated with social media addiction score, as well as depression and loneliness scores.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study shows that social media addiction is a major health problem. Therefore, it is important for college students to recognize a problematic social media use and take steps to use it in a healthy way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 585-591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of a French Fear of Missing Out Scale","authors":"Elie Andraos ,&nbsp;Pierluigi Graziani ,&nbsp;Jonathan Del Monte","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to translate and assess the psychometric properties of a French Fear of Missing Out scale (PPC). The Fear of missing out is defined as a “pervasive apprehension that others might be having rewarding experiences from which one is absent; it is characterized by the desire to remain continually connected to what others are doing”. One hundred and thirty-eight participants completed the PPC, a French version of the Internet Addiction Test – Social Media (IAT-RS), a French Smartphone Addiction Scale – Short Version (SAS-SV) and some subscales of the French Revised Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R) to test the validity of the scale. A principal components analysis revealed an 8-item PPC with a single factor and good internal validity. Correlations with the SAS-SV and the IAT-RS revealed moderate positive correlations confirming the convergent validity of the scale and supporting the use of the scale for further research findings related to the SCL-90-R subscales. Additional analyses allowed us to note that PPC fully mediated the relationship between anxiety and smartphone addiction, as well as between depression and smartphone addiction. It was also revealed that PPC partially mediated the relationship between anxiety and social media addiction and depression and social media addiction. The PPC has good psychometric qualities and opens up the possibility of assessing the fear of missing out in French populations and testing its relationships with various psychological disorders such as addictive behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 609-614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychotraumatisme complexe et analyse de réseaux : de l’enfance à l’âge adulte","authors":"Maud Cappelletti ,&nbsp;Aziz Essadek ,&nbsp;Ariane Bazan","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex post-traumatic stress disorder is a recent diagnosis with manifestations that differ from those of post-traumatic stress disorder. Persistent functional impairment is a new dimension specific to complex trauma. Some aspects of this diagnostic category which was adopted by the international classification of diseases eleventh revision are still being studied, for example, its prevalence across the world in many cultural situations where the exposure to traumatic events differ. Network analysis offers a new conceptualization of psychopathology by focusing on interactions between symptoms beyond the usual latent class approach. It makes it possible to statistically validate the international classification of diseases’ new diagnostic criteria by differentiating the manifestations of different pathologies such as intense stress exposure pathologies or borderline disorder that share symptoms. It also provides various insights into this disorder and allows us to observe sequences of appearance and evolution depending on age and type of event. While childhood trauma appears to be particularly associated with complex post-traumatic stress disorder, literature mainly highlights the long-term consequences of such childhood events in adulthood. The persistent functional impairment cluster is particularly important within complex trauma networks. This is one of the most important developmental consequences for survivors and reflects a reality perceived by clinicians. This extends to psychotherapy which turns out to be longer and more complex because of the insecurity of the relationship experienced by the traumatized person. Network analysis applied to complex trauma gives an understanding of the dynamics of the relationships between its multitude of symptoms. They can define intervention targets for mental health professionals. And they can enable coordinated multi-professional actions which is an important issue especially in multi-factorial situations such as child protection. This work explores the contributions of network analysis to the understanding of complex post-traumatic stress disorder. For this purpose, we outline the central concepts of complex trauma and its implications. In particular, the impact of recurring traumatic situations of an interpersonal nature on self-construction and the ability to create relationships. We exhibit the fundamental principles of the network approach and compare the contributions of older cross-sectional analyzes with those of longitudinal networks. Then, we provide an overview of the knowledge acquired through the application of network analysis to complex trauma, from childhood to adulthood. Finally, we discuss criticisms of this approach and propose reflections on the future of this statistical analysis method which is growing fast.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages S32-S38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144977741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pour une psychiatrie outillée","authors":"Louis Jehel ,&nbsp;Mathieu Guidère","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The article by Moizard and Geoffroy highlights the importance of an integrated approach in psychiatry, emphasizing the need to move beyond the dichotomy between the somatic and the psychic. In their commentary, the authors advocated for precision psychiatry, which leverages the latest scientific and technological advancements. They underscored the necessity of equipping psychiatry with advanced technologies, particularly neuroimaging, artificial intelligence, and digital twins. These tools enable a more rigorous and personalized approach to mental healthcare grounded in specific biomarkers and precise modeling of psychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages 688-690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Panorama des thérapeutiques du trauma complexe chez l’enfant et l’adolescent","authors":"Julie Rolling","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex post-traumatic stress disorder (C-PTSD), caused by repeated traumatic events of interpersonal origin (such as physical or sexual violence, or war), leads to severe disorders of emotional regulation, self-perception and interpersonal relationships. Without early diagnosis and intervention, children and adolescents with C-PTSD are at risk of developing chronic mental disorders. Rapid therapeutic interventions are thus required in order to avoid the persistence of symptoms and at-risk behaviours altering the development and life trajectory of these young people. The aim of this article is to provide a state-of-the-art overview of existing therapeutic interventions aimed at professionals who screen, diagnose or care for children or adolescents with C-PTSD. The specific clinical and treatment profiles of these patients (e.g., stabilization, trauma treatment, promoting cognitive and psychological integration processes, self-compassion and engagement in interpersonal relations, family involvement) are detailed, in order to propose a diagnostic strategy and set out the various possibilities for comprehensive management based on adaptations of existing therapeutic protocols for these paediatric populations. Therapeutic, psychological and psychopharmacological approaches that are either validated or in development are presented, along with their current level of scientific evidence. This article highlights the importance of training French-speaking child and adolescent psychiatric professionals in these therapies, and of further developing research in this field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages S39-S49"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Le trauma complexe : abord théorico-clinique","authors":"Delphine Collin-Vézina","doi":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.encep.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concept of complex trauma (or developmental trauma) has been proposed to refer both to chronic exposure to interpersonal experiences in children and adolescents and to the constellation of possible sequelae that cause significant difficulties throughout life. The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of the theoretical and clinical approaches to complex trauma in order to better understand the scope of this concept. Through a review of the literature, this chapter outlines the historical evolution of this concept, its current definition, the diagnostic issues involved, and the preferred directions for its future use in research and clinical practice. This article highlights the significant shift that has taken place over time, from a concept closely linked to the traumatic experiences of individuals and the clinical challenges they face, to a collective responsibility to implement social actions that can lead to deeper structural and systemic change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51042,"journal":{"name":"Encephale-Revue De Psychiatrie Clinique Biologique et Therapeutique","volume":"51 6","pages":"Pages S4-S8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}