Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2026.128026
Kaiqin Yuan, Jintao Li, Zifang Chen, Xiaowei Ma, Richard W. Bell, Yuxian Cao, Jun Hou
Increasing nutrient use efficiency and decreasing labor requirements for rice production are high priorities across Asia. Fertilizer placement beside the rice plants at 50–100 mm depth (called side-deep fertilization, SDF) is a promising alternative to the traditional fertilization that can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer required, improve the use efficiency of fertilizer, alleviate the shortage of labor force, and realize the clean and simple production of rice. However, the potential for increased productivity and the factors influencing SDF are unclear. In this study, we synthesized 85 studies in China to evaluate the effects of SDF on rice yield, rice quality, nutrient use efficiency combined with greenhouse gas emissions, and explored the effects of different soil environments and fertilization management measures on them. SDF increased rice yield by 4.8 %, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by 21.4 %, and reduced CH4 emission by 12.8 %, NH3 volatilization by 42.0 %, but had no significant effect on N2O emission. Random forest analysis showed that soil condition (pH, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus) and specific fertilization practices (amount and depth) were the most important factors on determining the effects of SDF. When the N application rate was ≤ 150 kg ha−1, the yield (9.2 %) and NUE (20.6 %) increases were largest. When the P application rate was ≤ 60 kg ha−1, SDF of P had the largest increase in rice yield (7.4 %) and partial factor productivity of phosphorus PFPP (7.2 %). Overall, when fertilizer placement was > 100 mm, and the soil nutrient content was low, SDF had a greater impact on rice yield and nutrient use efficiency. In conclusion, SDF increases rice yield with lower environmental cost and lower fertilizer rate which is valuable for food security and sustainable production.
提高养分利用效率和减少水稻生产的劳动力需求是整个亚洲的优先事项。水稻植株旁边50-100 mm深度施肥（称为侧深施肥，SDF）是传统施肥的一种很有前途的替代方法，可以减少化肥需用量，提高肥料利用效率，缓解劳动力短缺，实现水稻的清洁、简单生产。然而，提高生产力的潜力和影响SDF的因素尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们综合了国内85项研究，评估了SDF对水稻产量、稻米品质、养分利用效率和温室气体排放的影响，并探讨了不同土壤环境和施肥管理措施对其的影响。SDF使水稻产量提高4.8 %，氮素利用效率（NUE）提高21.4% %，CH4排放量降低12.8 %，NH3挥发量降低42.0% %，但对N2O排放无显著影响。随机森林分析表明，土壤条件（pH、全氮、速效氮和速效磷）和具体施肥方式（施肥量和深度）是决定土壤自卸量效应的最重要因素。当施氮量≤ 150 kg ha−1时，产量（9.2 %）和氮肥利用效率（20.6 %）增幅最大。当施磷量≤ 60 kg ha−1时，施磷SDF对水稻产量的提高幅度最大（7.4% %），对磷PFPP部分要素生产率的提高幅度最大（7.2% %）。综上所述，当施肥量为>； 100 mm，土壤养分含量较低时，SDF对水稻产量和养分利用效率的影响较大。综上所述，SDF以较低的环境成本和较低的施肥量提高了水稻产量，对粮食安全和可持续生产具有重要意义。
{"title":"Side-deep fertilization increases rice yield and nutrient use efficiency in China: A meta-analysis","authors":"Kaiqin Yuan, Jintao Li, Zifang Chen, Xiaowei Ma, Richard W. Bell, Yuxian Cao, Jun Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128026","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing nutrient use efficiency and decreasing labor requirements for rice production are high priorities across Asia. Fertilizer placement beside the rice plants at 50–100 mm depth (called side-deep fertilization, SDF) is a promising alternative to the traditional fertilization that can reduce the amount of chemical fertilizer required, improve the use efficiency of fertilizer, alleviate the shortage of labor force, and realize the clean and simple production of rice. However, the potential for increased productivity and the factors influencing SDF are unclear. In this study, we synthesized 85 studies in China to evaluate the effects of SDF on rice yield, rice quality, nutrient use efficiency combined with greenhouse gas emissions, and explored the effects of different soil environments and fertilization management measures on them. SDF increased rice yield by 4.8 %, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by 21.4 %, and reduced CH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf> emission by 12.8 %, NH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> volatilization by 42.0 %, but had no significant effect on N<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O emission. Random forest analysis showed that soil condition (pH, total nitrogen, available nitrogen and available phosphorus) and specific fertilization practices (amount and depth) were the most important factors on determining the effects of SDF. When the N application rate was ≤ 150 kg ha<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>, the yield (9.2 %) and NUE (20.6 %) increases were largest. When the P application rate was ≤ 60 kg ha<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>, SDF of P had the largest increase in rice yield (7.4 %) and partial factor productivity of phosphorus PFP<ce:inf loc=\"post\">P</ce:inf> (7.2 %). Overall, when fertilizer placement was > 100 mm, and the soil nutrient content was low, SDF had a greater impact on rice yield and nutrient use efficiency. In conclusion, SDF increases rice yield with lower environmental cost and lower fertilizer rate which is valuable for food security and sustainable production.","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2026.128029
Qi Wang, Xiaoyi Han, Qixuan Wang, Minlong Du, Xinyue Lei, Jiahao Ge, Rong Zhong, Chenxi Wan, Xiaoli Gao, Pu Yang, Jinfeng Gao
{"title":"Soil amendments improved physiological characteristics, grain yield, and water use efficiency of common buckwheat under multi-year continuous cropping","authors":"Qi Wang, Xiaoyi Han, Qixuan Wang, Minlong Du, Xinyue Lei, Jiahao Ge, Rong Zhong, Chenxi Wan, Xiaoli Gao, Pu Yang, Jinfeng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2026.128028
R. Cuadro, C.I. Borrajo, M.A. Marino, P. Cicore, A. Hirigoyen, P.M. Errecart, G.A. Berone, F.A. Lattanzi
{"title":"Critical nitrogen concentration of annual ryegrass and tall fescue is not affected by phosphorus deficiency","authors":"R. Cuadro, C.I. Borrajo, M.A. Marino, P. Cicore, A. Hirigoyen, P.M. Errecart, G.A. Berone, F.A. Lattanzi","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2026.128028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-31DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2025.127968
Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood , Phillip D. Alderman , Romulo P. Lollato , Amanda de Oliveira Silva
The substantial uncertainty in crop modeling undermines confidence in the results of crop models, so quantifying and understanding the sources of this uncertainty is a critical first step towards reducing it. Parameter uncertainty is a major source of overall uncertainty in crop models and a systematic analysis of the uncertainty in genotype-specific parameter (GSP) estimates is critical across different model structure (MS) and data available for estimation (DE) scenarios. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of MS and DE on the uncertainty in GSP estimates for wheat crop models. Different MS were created by combining each of the wheat crop models (CERES, CROPSM, and NWHEAT) with maximum evapotranspiration (ETmax) models (Priestley–Taylor and Standardized Short Crop Reference Evapotranspiration) and soil evaporation (SE) models (Ritchie and Suleiman Ritchie), all within the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer-Cropping Systems Model (DSSAT-CSM). Similarly, different DE consisted of various subsets (the whole dataset and 6 holdouts) of a winter wheat dataset from Oklahoma, United States. Overall, MS, DE, and MS:DE together explained 70% or greater proportion of variability in more than three-quarters of all the estimated parameters across all DSSAT-CSM Wheat models. However, if we compare each factor individually, MS explained 25% or greater proportion of variability in nearly two-thirds of all the estimated parameters across all DSSAT-CSM Wheat models. Each DSSAT-CSM Wheat model showed a unique pattern for the uncertainty in GSP estimates. Overall, the uncertainty in GSP estimates due to MS and DE scenarios exceeded prior expectations for most parameters across models. Our results suggest that care must be taken during GSP estimation when using different MS (especially based on same crop model but different ETmax and SE methods) and DE (especially under limited data availability). This is particularly important in the context of an ensemble modeling approach (when ensemble members include the same crop model with different ETmax and SE methods), which has been increasingly adopted for climate impact assessments.
{"title":"Model structure and data available for estimation affect uncertainty of genotype-specific parameter estimates","authors":"Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood , Phillip D. Alderman , Romulo P. Lollato , Amanda de Oliveira Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The substantial uncertainty in crop modeling undermines confidence in the results of crop models, so quantifying and understanding the sources of this uncertainty is a critical first step towards reducing it. Parameter uncertainty is a major source of overall uncertainty in crop models and a systematic analysis of the uncertainty in genotype-specific parameter (GSP) estimates is critical across different model structure (MS) and data available for estimation (DE) scenarios. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of MS and DE on the uncertainty in GSP estimates for wheat crop models. Different MS were created by combining each of the wheat crop models (CERES, CROPSM, and NWHEAT) with maximum evapotranspiration (ET<sub>max</sub>) models (Priestley–Taylor and Standardized Short Crop Reference Evapotranspiration) and soil evaporation (SE) models (Ritchie and Suleiman Ritchie), all within the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer-Cropping Systems Model (DSSAT-CSM). Similarly, different DE consisted of various subsets (the whole dataset and 6 holdouts) of a winter wheat dataset from Oklahoma, United States. Overall, MS, DE, and MS:DE together explained 70% or greater proportion of variability in more than three-quarters of all the estimated parameters across all DSSAT-CSM Wheat models. However, if we compare each factor individually, MS explained 25% or greater proportion of variability in nearly two-thirds of all the estimated parameters across all DSSAT-CSM Wheat models. Each DSSAT-CSM Wheat model showed a unique pattern for the uncertainty in GSP estimates. Overall, the uncertainty in GSP estimates due to MS and DE scenarios exceeded prior expectations for most parameters across models. Our results suggest that care must be taken during GSP estimation when using different MS (especially based on same crop model but different ET<sub>max</sub> and SE methods) and DE (especially under limited data availability). This is particularly important in the context of an ensemble modeling approach (when ensemble members include the same crop model with different ET<sub>max</sub> and SE methods), which has been increasingly adopted for climate impact assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127968"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146078217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-29DOI: 10.1016/j.eja.2026.128017
Jerzy Weber , Lilla Mielnik , Peter K. Leinweber , Riccardo Spaccini , Andrew S. Gregory , Riffat Rahim , Elżbieta Jamroz , Irmina Ćwieląg-Piasecka , Agnieszka Grabusiewicz , Marek Podlasiński , Maria Jerzykiewicz , Magdalena Dębicka , Andrzej Kocowicz
The aim of this study was to deepen the knowledge on the changes in soil organic matter (SOM) properties under the long-term influence of organic and inorganic fertilization. Particular attention was paid to the humin fraction (HUM), considered to be a particularly stable and long-term sink of atmospheric carbon. The studies were conducted on soil samples from the Broadbalk Winter Wheat experiment running continuously for 180 years, which were analysed using unique chemical and spectrometric methods (13C-CPMAS NMR; C and N K-edge Xanes; EPR; TC-GC/MS; fluorescence; UV-Vis, and others). Long-term manure fertilization treatment confirmed the greatest increase of soil C at a level comparable to permanent grassland. The manuring significantly increased the HUM-C-content in comparison to the inorganically-fertilized NPK treatment and the control (no inputs) (7.02 g kg−1, 4.37 g kg−1 and 1.72 g kg−1, respectively). The manuscript documented that the proportion of HUM in total organic carbon (TOC) increased twofold with NPK fertilization and one and a half times with manure fertilization, but surprisingly not after the application of both, shedding new light on the mechanisms of C stabilization. The manuscript indicated for the first time by multivariate statistical analyses that HUM-C enrichments from manure were linked with increasing proportions of heterocyclic N compounds. These findings have profound implications for broader sustainability, directly linking to climate change mitigation and food security. It is concluded that offsetting mineral fertilizer by manure, where this is possible and feasible, is an option for sustainable soil C increase.
本研究旨在加深对有机和无机施肥长期影响下土壤有机质（SOM）性质变化的认识。特别注意的是人类部分（HUM），被认为是一个特别稳定和长期的大气碳汇。研究人员对连续运行180年的Broadbalk冬小麦试验土壤样本进行了研究，并使用独特的化学和光谱分析方法（13C-CPMAS NMR、C和N k边Xanes、EPR、TC-GC/MS、荧光、UV-Vis等）对土壤样本进行了分析。长期有机肥处理的土壤C增幅最大，达到与永久草地相当的水平。与无机肥氮磷钾处理和对照（无投入）相比，施肥显著提高了hm -c含量（分别为7.02 g kg - 1、4.37 g kg - 1和1.72 g kg - 1）。研究结果表明，氮磷钾和有机肥分别使土壤中有机碳（TOC）的比例增加了2倍和1.5倍，但两者均未增加，这为土壤碳稳定机制的研究提供了新的思路。该论文首次通过多元统计分析表明，粪便中hm - c的富集与杂环N化合物比例的增加有关。这些发现对更广泛的可持续性具有深远影响，与减缓气候变化和粮食安全直接相关。综上所述，在可能和可行的情况下，用粪肥抵消矿物肥料是可持续增加土壤C的一种选择。
{"title":"Response of soil organic matter (SOM) properties from 180 years of mineral versus organic fertilisation in the Broadbalk experiment at Rothamsted (UK)","authors":"Jerzy Weber , Lilla Mielnik , Peter K. Leinweber , Riccardo Spaccini , Andrew S. Gregory , Riffat Rahim , Elżbieta Jamroz , Irmina Ćwieląg-Piasecka , Agnieszka Grabusiewicz , Marek Podlasiński , Maria Jerzykiewicz , Magdalena Dębicka , Andrzej Kocowicz","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to deepen the knowledge on the changes in soil organic matter (SOM) properties under the long-term influence of organic and inorganic fertilization. Particular attention was paid to the humin fraction (HUM), considered to be a particularly stable and long-term sink of atmospheric carbon. The studies were conducted on soil samples from the Broadbalk Winter Wheat experiment running continuously for 180 years, which were analysed using unique chemical and spectrometric methods (<sup>13</sup>C-CPMAS NMR; C and N <em>K-</em>edge Xanes; EPR; TC-GC/MS; fluorescence; UV-Vis, and others). Long-term manure fertilization treatment confirmed the greatest increase of soil C at a level comparable to permanent grassland. The manuring significantly increased the HUM-C-content in comparison to the inorganically-fertilized NPK treatment and the control (no inputs) (7.02 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, 4.37 g kg<sup>−1</sup> and 1.72 g kg<sup>−1</sup>, respectively). The manuscript documented that the proportion of HUM in total organic carbon (TOC) increased twofold with NPK fertilization and one and a half times with manure fertilization, but surprisingly not after the application of both, shedding new light on the mechanisms of C stabilization. The manuscript indicated for the first time by multivariate statistical analyses that HUM-C enrichments from manure were linked with increasing proportions of heterocyclic N compounds. These findings have profound implications for broader sustainability, directly linking to climate change mitigation and food security. It is concluded that offsetting mineral fertilizer by manure, where this is possible and feasible, is an option for sustainable soil C increase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 128017"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pesticide use creates significant environmental, health and socioeconomic challenges and its reduction is hindered by sociotechnical lock-ins. The territorial level, combined with systemic approaches, is promising to overcome these systemic challenges. This research proposes an original methodological approach which, instead of aiming at creating consensus, explores contrasted pesticide reduction scenarios with local stakeholders based on existing initiatives in order to identify pathways for collective action. The study was conducted in the Western Plain of Montpellier, in Southern France, and involved a diversity of stakeholders from the territory and outside of the territory in 5 steps, using the Co-Click’Eau tool and workshops. The scenarios explored the potential of diversification for food production, biodiversity conservation and crop-livestock integration to meet pesticide reduction challenges. In addition to an important pesticide use reduction, each scenario proposed significant land-use and farming practices transformations. The analysis revealed that the approach was able to create spaces for dialogue through the formulation of synergies between these strategies by participants, especially on land-use management, technical levers, linking production to consumers and highlighted complementary contributions of biodiversity and livestock to the territory. Beyond its agronomic dimensions, the process opens the pathway to better coordination with the identification of synergies and tensions between different visions, helping to identify coherent strategies including agricultural production, biodiversity, and food objectives. By doing so, our approach contributes to embedding pesticide reduction into a broader, systemic reconfiguration of agroecosystems and territorial governance.
{"title":"Beyond pesticide reduction: Exploring synergies between contrasted territorial scenarios","authors":"Myrto Parmantier , Marc Moraine , Rémy Ballot , Lorène Prost","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pesticide use creates significant environmental, health and socioeconomic challenges and its reduction is hindered by sociotechnical lock-ins. The territorial level, combined with systemic approaches, is promising to overcome these systemic challenges. This research proposes an original methodological approach which, instead of aiming at creating consensus, explores contrasted pesticide reduction scenarios with local stakeholders based on existing initiatives in order to identify pathways for collective action. The study was conducted in the Western Plain of Montpellier, in Southern France, and involved a diversity of stakeholders from the territory and outside of the territory in 5 steps, using the Co-Click’Eau tool and workshops. The scenarios explored the potential of diversification for food production, biodiversity conservation and crop-livestock integration to meet pesticide reduction challenges. In addition to an important pesticide use reduction, each scenario proposed significant land-use and farming practices transformations. The analysis revealed that the approach was able to create spaces for dialogue through the formulation of synergies between these strategies by participants, especially on land-use management, technical levers, linking production to consumers and highlighted complementary contributions of biodiversity and livestock to the territory. Beyond its agronomic dimensions, the process opens the pathway to better coordination with the identification of synergies and tensions between different visions, helping to identify coherent strategies including agricultural production, biodiversity, and food objectives. By doing so, our approach contributes to embedding pesticide reduction into a broader, systemic reconfiguration of agroecosystems and territorial governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 128009"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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