European Journal of Agronomy最新文献

{"title":"Root growth traits are the dominant sources of uncertainty in simulating agricultural crop rotational systems","authors":"Bahareh Kamali ,&nbsp;Seyed Hamid Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Thomas Gaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crop rotation systems effectively enhance resource use efficiency and biodiversity. Process-based agroecosystem models serve as valuable tools for their sustainable design. However, most model applications overlook the role of root characteristics on simulated above- and belowground model components. This is particularly critical in crop rotations, involving diverse species and cultivars. Overlooking this aspect can lead to significant inaccuracies in modelling crop yields, as well as soil organic carbon (SOC), and nitrogen leaching (N-leaching). This study quantifies the contribution of climate, management (crop rotation, irrigation and rainfed systems), and cultivar (phenology and root growth characteristics) factors on simulation of crop yields, N-leaching, and SOC. The analysis was conducted in mono-cropping and 10 different crop rotations (cereals-tuber, cereal-cereal, tuber-tuber crops). The MOdel of NItrogen and CArbon dynamics (MONICA) was used for this purpose. MONICA was parameterized and calibrated using detailed data on the time and amount of irrigation recorded for Hamerstorf experimental site located in Lower Saxony, Germany. Our results demonstrated a stronger effect of root depth factor on yield variability in rainfed compared to irrigated systems, accounting for approximately 60 % of the observed variation. In contrast, crop phenology had a greater impact on yield under irrigation. For N-leaching and SOC, crop rotation explained over 65 % of the variability. Root depth and root density contributed more significantly to SOC dynamics than to N-leaching. These findings highlight the importance of accurate estimation on root growth in models to reduce uncertainty in simulating crop rotation systems. Precise root growth characteristics become even more critical when modeling extends beyond yield to include nitrogen and SOC—key indicators of sustainable agricultural systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127976"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep fertilization effects on potato production and GHG emissions depend on soil C:N:P-enzyme interactions: Evidence from a 4-year study","authors":"Zhaoyang Li ,&nbsp;Nan Shi ,&nbsp;Yixuan Yuan ,&nbsp;Haiyang Chang ,&nbsp;Yuling Meng ,&nbsp;Weixing Shan ,&nbsp;Moskvicheva Elena ,&nbsp;Ansabayeva Assiya ,&nbsp;Zhikuan Jia ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Ren ,&nbsp;Kadambot H.M. Siddique ,&nbsp;Ruixia Ding ,&nbsp;Peng Wu ,&nbsp;Huaze Li ,&nbsp;Jiangang Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Context and problem</h3><div>As potato is one of the four major food crops, enhancing yield is crucial, particularly when considering the mitigation of environmental impacts. Deep fertilization represents a potential strategy for efficient nutrient utilization; however, its specific on potato yield, quality and greenhouse gas emissions require further elucidation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a four-year field experiment (2020–2023) using potatoes as the test crop. We investigated the impacts of four fertilization depths (D5, 5 cm, control with locally conventional fertilization depth; D15, 15 cm; D25, 25 cm; D35, 35 cm) on soil C, N, and P content and ratios, enzyme activity, greenhouse gas emissions, potato growth, yield, and quality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Deep fertilization significantly increased the soil SOC:TN, SOC:TP, MBC:MBN, and SIC:SIN ratios, while decreasing the MBC:MBP, MBN:MBP, and POC:PON ratios. In addition to soil catalase, the activities of invertase, urease and phosphatase were closely related to the soil C:N:P ratio. Specifically, deep fertilization increased soil invertase and phosphatase activities but decreased catalase and urease activities. Correlation analysis showed that N₂O and CO₂ emissions were positively correlated with soil urease activity, whereas CH₄ uptake and CO₂ emissions were negatively correlated with soil phosphatase and sucrase activities, respectively. Furthermore, increase of soil phosphatase activity enhanced the leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, and dry matter accumulation of potato while reducing stem lodging, ultimately improving yield and quality. Among these treatments, D25 achieved the highest improvements in large potato rate (16.4 %) and yield (11.5 %), while simultaneously resulting in high tuber quality in starch (42.5 %), reducing sugar (52.7 %), protein (33.4 %), and vitamin C (31.9 %) content. In addition, its greenhouse gas emission intensity was also at the lowest level (decreased by 32.7 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Deep fertilization affects enzyme activity by altering soil C:N:P ratios, thereby promoting potato production and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this region, fertilization depths of 15–25 cm exhibited distinct advantage in terms of yield enhancement, whereas depths exceeding 35 cm were more effective in reducing emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 128001"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological control strategies as sustainable alternatives to herbicides in weed management","authors":"Godspower Oke Omokaro","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herbicides remain the dominant tools for weed control because of their cost effectiveness and selectivity, yet prolonged and intensive use has raised concern regarding soil degradation, disruption of microbial communities, non-target effects, and the rapid emergence of herbicide resistance. This research synthesizes evidence on the ecological impacts of herbicides and evaluates biological control strategies as sustainable and complementary alternatives within integrated weed management. A PRISMA-ScR guided literature review identified 108 peer reviewed studies published between 2000 and 2025 from Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect and SpringerLink, with selective inclusion of foundational literature capturing early biological weed control research. Evidence indicates that herbicides alter soil microbial biomass, enzyme activity, and community composition, with outcomes dependent on herbicide class, application rate, soil properties, and environmental context. Glyphosate and atrazine suppress sensitive microbial taxa while enriching specialized degraders, reflecting ecological disruption and microbial adaptation. Fungal communities, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, are consistently vulnerable, leading to reduced nutrient acquisition and weakened plant resilience. Herbicide resistance continues to expand globally, undermining long term chemical efficacy. Biological control strategies, including microbial agents such as <em>Trichoderma</em> and <em>Bacillus</em>, insect herbivores, grazing animals, allelopathic crops, bioherbicides, compost and biochar, demonstrate diverse mechanisms of weed suppression and soil restoration across agroecosystems. These approaches enhance crop competitiveness and stimulate beneficial microbial functions, although field performance is constrained by environmental variability, formulation stability, regulatory barriers, and limited extension support. The findings emphasize the need for integrative and sound weed management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 128003"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholders' critical perception of diversification strategies in cereal-based rotations","authors":"Ferdaous Rezgui ,&nbsp;Louise Blanc ,&nbsp;Daniel Plaza-Bonilla ,&nbsp;Jorge Lampurlanés ,&nbsp;Christos Dordas ,&nbsp;Paschalis Papakaloudis ,&nbsp;Andreas Michalitsis ,&nbsp;Laure Hossard ,&nbsp;Fatima Lambarraa-Lehnhardt ,&nbsp;Sonoko D. Bellingrath-Kimura ,&nbsp;Carsten Paul ,&nbsp;Moritz Reckling","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.128000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agriculture has long been at the core of Mediterranean culture, resulting in multifunctional landscapes and diverse ecosystem services. In Mediterranean Europe, policy favored specialized agriculture, and reversing this trend has proven difficult. Diversification of crop rotations holds ecological benefits, yet adoption remains low. The objective of this study was to accompany Spanish and Greek stakeholders in a structured learning process beginning with the co-design of available diversification options. It continued with an ex-ante assessment of agri-environmental, social, and economic performance of these options, followed by a co-evaluation step where stakeholders rated both the assessed performances and the indicators used. These ratings were analyzed using an importance-performance matrix. Finally, the adoption likelihood of diversification was predicted using the Adoption and Diffusion Outcome Prediction (ADOPT) tool. The ex-ante assessment revealed that legumes, rapeseed, and intercropping systems generally outperformed continuous cereal cropping in the agri-environmental and social dimensions but not economically, with a profit reduction of up to 12 %. From the stakeholders’ ratings, we learned that they placed the greatest importance on the economic indicators. In contrast, the agri-environmental dimension was given little importance even when energy use indicators increased by 5–42 %. Likewise, diversified systems offered notable social benefits, such as reduced workload by up to 29 %, but social aspects were ranked as less important. This divergent performance of the diversified options was translated into low adoption rates. Legume systems reached a 23–28 % adoption rate in 8–10 years, while intercropping reached 14 % in 17 years, and rapeseed systems reached only 4–5 % in 9–11 years. Economic performance emerged as the main barrier to the adoption of diversification. This study evaluated the impacts of different diversification options available to local farmers from both scientific and a local stakeholder perspective. This process can be adapted to other regions to create shared knowledge, thus enabling a wide range of actors to better understand diversification impacts. This knowledge gain affects the stakeholder’s capacity to adopt diversification options and, beforehand, their willingness to do so.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 128000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated assessment of economic profitability, energy consumption and environmental footprints by nitrogen fertilizer management using straw return in the wheat-maize cropping system","authors":"Hongxing Li ,&nbsp;Fei Gao ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Jingzhe Shi ,&nbsp;Zihan Jin ,&nbsp;Sher Alam ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Xiong ,&nbsp;Baizhao Ren ,&nbsp;Jiwang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable agriculture is a central focus of global agricultural transformation; straw return and optimised nitrogen fertilizer management emerging as key technologies for achieving efficient resource utilization. Therefore, clarifying the substitution effect of straw nitrogen release on chemical nitrogen fertilizers and quantifying the comprehensive impact of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates under straw return conditions on yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and system sustainability are crucial for identifying optimal nitrogen fertilizer management strategies. From 2017–2023, field trials are conducted on the winter wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum L.</em>)–summer maize (<em>Zea mays L.</em>) rotation system on the North China Plain. These trials systematically investigate the combined effects of varying straw-return rates and nitrogen fertilizer application levels on crop yield, economic benefit, nitrogen use efficiency, and environmental impact. Results indicate that straw decomposition of maize and wheat can provide 47.6 kg ha⁻¹ and 28.5 kg ha⁻¹ of nitrogen to the crop-soil system in the later season, respectively. Based on the characteristics of nitrogen release, the application of 178.5 kg ha⁻¹ of nitrogen fertilizer (S-15 %N treatment) following straw return can maintain high yield and yield stability of crops while reducing fertilizer by 15 % and considerably enhancing nitrogen use efficiency. When compared with conventional nitrogen application (SN, 210 kg ha⁻¹), the S-15 %N treatment demonstrates superior resource use efficiency and environmental sustainability while effectively meeting crop nitrogen nutrition requirements were met. By establishing a sustainability evaluation system incorporating multidimensional indicators such as yield, economic returns, nitrogen loss mitigation, and carbon emissions reduction, this study clearly demonstrates, for the first time, that the S-15 %N treatment achieves the highest sustainability performance score. The promotion of this model in the North China Plain can reduce about 0.96 Mt of nitrogen loss and 649 kg ha⁻¹ of carbon emissions per year, with notable environmental and ecological benefits. This study provides a theoretical foundation and technical support for implementing green, low-carbon fertilization practices in the wheat-maize rotation system on the North China Plain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127981"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wheat seedling detection model based on efficient feature extraction and coordinate attention mechanism","authors":"Shun Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yinchao Che ,&nbsp;Guang Zheng ,&nbsp;Yanna Ren ,&nbsp;Lei Xi ,&nbsp;Xinming Ma ,&nbsp;Shuping Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate detection of wheat seedlings is crucial for monitoring early population establishment and evaluating sowing quality. However, detection in real field environments remains challenging due to diverse seedling morphology, varying planting densities, occlusion, and complex background interference. Although deep learning has promoted the development of agricultural vision systems, existing wheat seedling detection methods still suffer from two key limitations: (1) insufficient modeling of spatial contextual relationships, leading to degraded accuracy under dense planting and complex field conditions; and (2) difficulty in balancing detection performance and computational efficiency, restricting real-time deployment on resource-limited agricultural devices. To address these issues, this study proposes Transformer-Coordinate Attention-Efficient YOLO (TCE-YOLO), a detection framework designed with three key modules: (1) the Depthwise-Transformer-Vision (DTV) module integrates Depthwise Separable Convolutions (DSC), Vision Transformer, and multi-scale spatial pooling to efficiently represent local structures, spatial context, and global patterns of wheat seedlings; (2) the Feature Enhancement Module(FEM) incorporates coordinate attention to enhance seedling-related features while suppressing background interference; and (3) the Feature Coordination Module (FCM) performs multi-scale feature interaction with reduced computational cost. These components jointly improve robustness under dense planting and complex field conditions while maintaining lightweight deployment characteristics. Furthermore, we construct the Wheat Seedling Dataset (WSD), covering multiple planting densities, varieties, and field environments across two growing seasons. Experimental results show that TCE-YOLO outperforms mainstream detectors while maintaining high efficiency, providing a deployable solution for wheat seedling detection under real field conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No-tillage with straw mulching practices improved the lodging resistance of maize and yield in semi-arid areas","authors":"Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Fan ,&nbsp;Zizhuang Ye ,&nbsp;Fuqiang Wei ,&nbsp;Mingde Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lodging risk is closely related to yield potential, especially in semi-arid agricultural ecosystems, where achieving sustainable development and increasing food production without increasing lodging risk is a key challenge. However, research on how different tillage practices affect maize lodging risk and yield potential remains limited. This study, based on a long-term field experiment established in 2004 in the Loess Plateau of China, investigates the effects of conventional tillage (CT), no-tillage (NT), no-tillage with straw mulching (NTS), and no-tillage with straw mulching in alternating wide and narrow rows (NTSR) on soil physical properties, agronomic traits, lodging, and yield from 2022 to 2024. The aim is to identify key factors affecting maize lodging and yield. The results indicate that compared to CT, NT, NTS, and NTSR significantly increased soil water. NTS and NTSR significantly improved the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) in the 0–40 cm soil layer. In the same soil layer, NT significantly increased soil bulk density (BD) and soil compaction (SC), while reducing Ks. During the key growth stages of maize, the canopy height, leaf area index (LAI), above-ground biomass (AGB), and root growth under NTS and NTSR were all significantly greater than under CT (P &lt; 0.05). However, the root morphology at the 0–100 cm depth under NT was significantly lower than that under CT (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, NTS and NTSR significantly reduced the center of gravity (CG), ear height coefficient (EHC), and internode length (LTI), while increasing the root-shoot ratio (RSR), third internode diameter (SDTI), internode breaking strength (IBS), bending strength (BS), and stem lodging resistance index (SLRI) (P &lt; 0.05), which effectively reduced lodging rates. Random forest analysis indicated that soil water, IBS, BS, and LAI are the key factors affecting lodging. Compared to CT, NTS and NTSR significantly increased grain yield (by 16.8 % and 11.1 %, respectively) and 100-grain weight (by 6.8% and 4.5 %, respectively). Overall, NTS and NTSR improved soil water, soil physical properties, and the third internode traits of maize, achieving higher maize grain yield and lodging resistance. These findings provide valuable theoretical support for the sustainable development of rainfed agricultural areas similar to the Loess Plateau.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127983"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative integrated management achieves high productivity and profitability of sugarcane in China with low environmental costs","authors":"Huayang Wang ,&nbsp;Yinghe Yao ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Jiaxing Chen ,&nbsp;Xiao Tang ,&nbsp;Prakash Lakshmanan ,&nbsp;Xinping Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Deng ,&nbsp;Fusuo Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugarcane (<em>Saccharum officinarum</em> L.) production in China faces challenges of high input costs, substantial emissions, and low efficiency. While individual sustainable practices such as fertilizer reduction, enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers, organic amendments, and straw return offer partial benefits, they lack integrated effectiveness. We hypothesize that systematically combining these practices could enhance productivity, reduce emissions, and improve soil health through synergistic nutrient cycling and carbon sequestration. However, empirical evidence and systematic evaluations of such integrated practices in Chinese sugarcane systems remain limited. To address this, a two-year field study was conducted at two representative sugarcane plantations in Guangxi under straw return conditions to evaluate the effects of five regimes on yield, nutrient use efficiency, soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB). The treatments included CK (no fertilizer), FP (farmer practice), OPT (optimized NPK), IKPS1 (based on OPT, integrating further optimized nutrient inputs with controlled-release urea), and IKPS2 (based on IKPS1, substituting 30 % of N with organic fertilizer). Compared with FP, both IKPS1 and IKPS2 reduced total NPK inputs by 47 %, while increasing cane yield by 4.6–5.8 % (up to 109.3 t ha⁻¹) and sugar yield by 6.2–9.0 %. Additionally, compared to FP, nutrient use efficiency for N, P, and K under IKPS1 and IKPS2 improved significantly by 81.2–82.0 %, 148.1–255.8 %, and 76.4–101.6 %, respectively. Environmentally, IKPS1 and IKPS2 markedly reduced Nr losses by 57.7–68.7 % and GHG emissions by 40.7–43.8 % relative to FP. Notably, IKPS2 achieved carbon neutrality (-151.9 kg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹), primarily attributed to enhanced SOC sequestration. Economically, both systems increased NEEB over FP, with gains of 114.5 % under IKPS1 and 61.2 % under IKPS2. Comprehensive evaluation indices further confirmed their superiority (0.59 for IKPS1, 0.81 for IKPS2). A stepwise strategy is proposed to prioritize cost-effective practices of IKPS1, while advancing toward carbon neutrality by IKPS2. Overall, this study provides an evidence-based framework to advance sustainable sugarcane production and support the green transformation of tropical agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127985"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic hazard assessment of compound drought and heat events in maize based on a soil-temperature-integrated index in Songliao Plain","authors":"Xianwei Lu ,&nbsp;Sicheng Wei ,&nbsp;Ying Guo ,&nbsp;Cha Ersi ,&nbsp;Dan Chen ,&nbsp;Ziyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Yue Li ,&nbsp;Yuping Dong ,&nbsp;Zhijun Tong ,&nbsp;Xingpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Jiquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunli Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanxia Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127984","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2026.127984","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compound drought and heat events (CDHEs) pose severe threats to food security, yet the role of soil temperature in event occurrence and crop stress has been largely overlooked. Using ERA5-Land and SPEI-GD datasets (1982–2021), we developed a soil-temperature-integrated Compound Drought and Heat Event Index (CDHEI) to make dynamic hazard assessment of compound drought and heat events in maize by combining air temperature, soil temperature, soil moisture, and meteorological drought indices. CDHEs during maize growth stages in the Songliao Plain were identified using run theory, and their spatiotemporal characteristics and hazard levels were systematically assessed. The results showed that CDHEs were mainly concentrated in the northwest and southwest regions of the Songliao Plain, with around year 2000 identified as a critical breakpoint, after which their frequency and intensity increased significantly in the 21st century. CDHEI was strongly correlated with maize yield loss, with the maximum correlation coefficient reaching 0.749 (p &lt; 0.05), particularly in the southwestern and northwestern regions. Compared with existing indices, specifically the CDHEI without the soil temperature component (CDHEI_noST), the Compound Events Toolbox and Dataset (CETD), and the Compound Drought and Heat Magnitude Index (CDHMI), the correlation increased by 13 % to over 100 %, highlighting the superior capability of CDHEI in capturing yield impacts. Dynamic hazard assessment further identified Baicheng, Songyuan, and surrounding areas as high-hazard-level zones. Breakpoint-year analysis also revealed that the soil temperature (SSTI) had the highest importance in event evolution, underscoring the dominant role of soil thermal anomalies in the intensification of CDHEs. Overall, this study highlights the indispensable role of soil processes in compound extreme event monitoring and provides a scientific basis for agricultural risk assessment and regional adaptation strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementary irrigation alleviates the inhibition effect of warming on metallic micronutrients absorption","authors":"Haifang Pang ,&nbsp;Shangying Ma ,&nbsp;Fengni Xue ,&nbsp;Zongzhen Li ,&nbsp;Junjie Hu ,&nbsp;Zeyu Xin ,&nbsp;Yongzhe Ren ,&nbsp;Yanhao Lian ,&nbsp;Tongbao Lin ,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eja.2025.127979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming-induced drought threatens the micronutrient quality of agricultural products, as water availability governs nutrient translocation and partitioning within plants. However, the effects of supplemental irrigation on wheat micronutrient dynamics under warming conditions remain poorly characterised. Here, a 3-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of warming treatments (CK: ambient temperature; WS: winter-spring warming; FF: flowering-grain filling warming) and irrigation regimes (CI: conventional irrigation; SI: supplemental irrigation) on metal micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn) in winter wheat and their driving factors. Results showed that warming slightly increased grain Fe, Mn, and Zn concentrations (0.3–5.8 %) but reduced their total accumulations (17.1–34.6 %). Compared to CK, FF decreased soil available micronutrients (9–35.7 %), with Fe and Zn availability strongly correlated with microbial taxa (Chloroflexi, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes). SI increased grain Fe (3.1 %) and Zn (7.1 %) concentrations, enhanced total micronutrient uptake (6.8–22.6 %), and elevated soil-available micronutrients (6.2–25.8 %) relative to CI. Structural equation modelling revealed that soil temperature, moisture, pH, nutrients, available micronutrients, and microbiota jointly regulated grain micronutrients through direct pathways, with microbes being a key driver (total direct effect value = 0.619, p &lt; 0.001). We conclude that supplemental irrigation effectively mitigates warming-induced micronutrient depletion, whereas the soil microbiota plays a pivotal role in mediating wheat micronutrient acquisition. These findings advance adaptive strategies to safeguard crop nutritional security under changing climate conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51045,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Agronomy","volume":"175 ","pages":"Article 127979"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}