Artificial intelligence, or AI, has the potential to dramatically improve our understanding and management of the ocean. For fisheries, these benefits could include greater monitoring coverage at lower costs, improved estimates of catch and bycatch, identification of illegal fishing, and seafood traceability throughout the supply chain. However, fisheries AI innovation and adoption faces substantial barriers from the highly regulated nature of fisheries and the complex overlap of government policies, diverse user needs, and market pressures. We argue that needed advances in fisheries AI require novel collaborations to share data and methods, encourage new and diverse entrants to the field, and increase baseline technical literacy across the global fisheries community. Unlocking fisheries data to power AI, particularly image data, can only be achieved through partnerships across government managers, AI developers, fishers and vessel owners, and technology service providers, which, in turn, requires a common vocabulary for policy and technical concepts. With a greater shared understanding across the field, fisheries AI providers can deliver desired results, and users can have confidence that systems are performing as advertised, ultimately meeting monitoring demand and sustainability goals.
{"title":"Advancing artificial intelligence in fisheries requires novel cross-sector collaborations","authors":"Kate Wing, Benjamin Woodward","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae118","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence, or AI, has the potential to dramatically improve our understanding and management of the ocean. For fisheries, these benefits could include greater monitoring coverage at lower costs, improved estimates of catch and bycatch, identification of illegal fishing, and seafood traceability throughout the supply chain. However, fisheries AI innovation and adoption faces substantial barriers from the highly regulated nature of fisheries and the complex overlap of government policies, diverse user needs, and market pressures. We argue that needed advances in fisheries AI require novel collaborations to share data and methods, encourage new and diverse entrants to the field, and increase baseline technical literacy across the global fisheries community. Unlocking fisheries data to power AI, particularly image data, can only be achieved through partnerships across government managers, AI developers, fishers and vessel owners, and technology service providers, which, in turn, requires a common vocabulary for policy and technical concepts. With a greater shared understanding across the field, fisheries AI providers can deliver desired results, and users can have confidence that systems are performing as advertised, ultimately meeting monitoring demand and sustainability goals.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploited forage fishes serve a dual role in marine ecosystems by supporting directed fisheries and predator productivity, and thus both harvest and predatory removals should be accounted for when developing stock assessments and evaluating management trade-offs. Predator catch and stomach content data collected on the Northeast US Shelf from 1978 to 2019 by two fisheries-independent surveys were combined within multivariate spatiotemporal models to estimate time-series of consumptive removals during spring and fall for four commercially exploited prey; Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis), butterfish (Peprilus triacanthus), and longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii). Seasonal consumption trends were mostly synchronous for Atlantic herring and silver hake, asynchronous for butterfish and longfin squid, and predatory removals were generally greater during fall. Consumption has increased since the 1990s for all prey except Atlantic herring and butterfish during fall, which coincides with the widespread implementation of harvest constraints meant to rebuild predator and prey populations. These time-series were linked to hypothesized drivers using state-space regression models; prey availability (bottom-up; positive relationships) and commercial catch (top-down; primarily negative relationships) were the strongest predictors of consumption. Although the mechanisms underlying these relationships remain unresolved, these linkages highlight connections among the systemic drivers of productivity on the Northeast Shelf.
{"title":"Disentangling bottom-up and top-down controls on fish consumption of key prey in the Northeast US Shelf ecosystem","authors":"James Gartland, Robert J Latour","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae115","url":null,"abstract":"Exploited forage fishes serve a dual role in marine ecosystems by supporting directed fisheries and predator productivity, and thus both harvest and predatory removals should be accounted for when developing stock assessments and evaluating management trade-offs. Predator catch and stomach content data collected on the Northeast US Shelf from 1978 to 2019 by two fisheries-independent surveys were combined within multivariate spatiotemporal models to estimate time-series of consumptive removals during spring and fall for four commercially exploited prey; Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis), butterfish (Peprilus triacanthus), and longfin squid (Doryteuthis pealeii). Seasonal consumption trends were mostly synchronous for Atlantic herring and silver hake, asynchronous for butterfish and longfin squid, and predatory removals were generally greater during fall. Consumption has increased since the 1990s for all prey except Atlantic herring and butterfish during fall, which coincides with the widespread implementation of harvest constraints meant to rebuild predator and prey populations. These time-series were linked to hypothesized drivers using state-space regression models; prey availability (bottom-up; positive relationships) and commercial catch (top-down; primarily negative relationships) were the strongest predictors of consumption. Although the mechanisms underlying these relationships remain unresolved, these linkages highlight connections among the systemic drivers of productivity on the Northeast Shelf.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon Ramondenc, Morten H Iversen, Thomas Soltwedel
Repeated measurements of benthic and pelagic parameters in the rapidly changing Arctic Ocean provide a unique insight into spatial and interannual trends and changes in the ecosystem. Here, we compiled biogenic and biogeochemical measurements collected from sediment cores at the Long-Term Ecological Research Observatory HAUSGARTEN located in the Fram Strait. A total of 21 stations were visited yearly over a period of 18 years (2002–2019). The time series highlighted an increase in bacterial numbers for samples collected 50 days after the peak phytoplankton bloom. Although bacterial abundances were not bathymetric depth-dependent when viewed across all years, we observed a seasonal trend in benthic microbial abundance closely related to the timing of the phytoplankton bloom with a time-lag of 100 days between the surface phytoplankton peak and the peak in bacterial abundance in the sediment. Considering the residence time of phytoplankton in the upper ocean and the water depth, we estimated an average settling velocity for phytodetritus of 30 m.d−1, which is similar to previous observations from Fram Strait. This suggests that settling organic matter promotes vertical microbial connectivity and benthic bacterial abundance in the deep ocean, shaping the microbial biogeography, diversity, and biogeochemical processes.
{"title":"Long-term measurements reveal a 100-day lag between peaks in phytoplankton chlorophyll and benthic bacterial abundance in the Fram Strait","authors":"Simon Ramondenc, Morten H Iversen, Thomas Soltwedel","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae113","url":null,"abstract":"Repeated measurements of benthic and pelagic parameters in the rapidly changing Arctic Ocean provide a unique insight into spatial and interannual trends and changes in the ecosystem. Here, we compiled biogenic and biogeochemical measurements collected from sediment cores at the Long-Term Ecological Research Observatory HAUSGARTEN located in the Fram Strait. A total of 21 stations were visited yearly over a period of 18 years (2002–2019). The time series highlighted an increase in bacterial numbers for samples collected 50 days after the peak phytoplankton bloom. Although bacterial abundances were not bathymetric depth-dependent when viewed across all years, we observed a seasonal trend in benthic microbial abundance closely related to the timing of the phytoplankton bloom with a time-lag of 100 days between the surface phytoplankton peak and the peak in bacterial abundance in the sediment. Considering the residence time of phytoplankton in the upper ocean and the water depth, we estimated an average settling velocity for phytodetritus of 30 m.d−1, which is similar to previous observations from Fram Strait. This suggests that settling organic matter promotes vertical microbial connectivity and benthic bacterial abundance in the deep ocean, shaping the microbial biogeography, diversity, and biogeochemical processes.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tora Olsen, Leif Christian Stige, Nicolas Dupont, Joël M Durant, Øystein Langangen
Although fluctuations in the biomass of small pelagic fish are strong and rapid, they are largely investigated as individual events or generalized to what is common across several species and populations. The Barents Sea capelin population, which experienced four large decreases in biomass between 1980 and 2016, can be used to compare the similarity of causes and sequence of events leading up to large biomass decline in the same population. Here, we used an age-structured state-space model to investigate the possible contributions from somatic growth, food availability, temperature, predation by Atlantic cod, herring interactions, and/or fisheries on the capelin biomass declines. We recalculated total biomass while perturbing these effects and assessed the change in total biomass. We did not find a single, common cause for the dramatic biomass declines. Although median biomass increased in several of the scenarios, a large decline in total biomass was mostly retained. Atlantic cod predation and food availability influenced adult capelin biomass. Food availability mainly impacted the first period, while the importance of Atlantic cod predation increased from the first period to the third period. Reducing larval mortality from herring interactions or temperature did not suppress the biomass declines. Recruitment failures were maintained due to a combination of process errors and uncertainty in the effect of spawning biomass, and thus fisheries, on age 0 abundance. The impact of each perturbation depended on the specific ecosystem context at the time of the biomass decline.
{"title":"Repeated large declines in the Barents Sea capelin population are associated with different ecosystem conditions","authors":"Tora Olsen, Leif Christian Stige, Nicolas Dupont, Joël M Durant, Øystein Langangen","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae101","url":null,"abstract":"Although fluctuations in the biomass of small pelagic fish are strong and rapid, they are largely investigated as individual events or generalized to what is common across several species and populations. The Barents Sea capelin population, which experienced four large decreases in biomass between 1980 and 2016, can be used to compare the similarity of causes and sequence of events leading up to large biomass decline in the same population. Here, we used an age-structured state-space model to investigate the possible contributions from somatic growth, food availability, temperature, predation by Atlantic cod, herring interactions, and/or fisheries on the capelin biomass declines. We recalculated total biomass while perturbing these effects and assessed the change in total biomass. We did not find a single, common cause for the dramatic biomass declines. Although median biomass increased in several of the scenarios, a large decline in total biomass was mostly retained. Atlantic cod predation and food availability influenced adult capelin biomass. Food availability mainly impacted the first period, while the importance of Atlantic cod predation increased from the first period to the third period. Reducing larval mortality from herring interactions or temperature did not suppress the biomass declines. Recruitment failures were maintained due to a combination of process errors and uncertainty in the effect of spawning biomass, and thus fisheries, on age 0 abundance. The impact of each perturbation depended on the specific ecosystem context at the time of the biomass decline.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141969236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gledis Guri, Andrew Olaf Shelton, Ryan P Kelly, Nigel Yoccoz, Torild Johansen, Kim Præbel, Tanja Hanebrekke, Jessica Louise Ray, Johanna Fall, Jon-Ivar Westgaard
Quantifying the biomass, or number of individuals, diversity, and distribution of marine species is a critical aspect of understanding and managing marine ecosystems. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using environmental DNA (eDNA) for marine ecosystem management and biodiversity assessment. However, the main challenge hindering eDNA applicability has been the inability to infer absolute species abundances from multispecies analysis (eDNA metabarcoding). In this study, we demonstrate a way forward by estimating the abundance of commercially important fish species in a Norwegian fjord using a joint Bayesian statistical model of traditional trawl-catch data and molecular data derived from eDNA. Using this model, we accurately predict out-of-sample trawl catches using eDNA alone. Moreover, our model provides empirical estimates for key processes linking marine eDNA concentration to the fish population abundance estimated from trawl observations, including trawl catchability, DNA shedding, degradation, dilution, transport, recovery rate, and isolation efficiency. These processes, including amplification efficiencies correcting for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) bias, are species-specific and enable the translation of eDNA metabarcoding data into abundances. These findings have broad implications for the use of eDNA in marine ecosystem management and conservation efforts.
{"title":"Predicting trawl catches using environmental DNA","authors":"Gledis Guri, Andrew Olaf Shelton, Ryan P Kelly, Nigel Yoccoz, Torild Johansen, Kim Præbel, Tanja Hanebrekke, Jessica Louise Ray, Johanna Fall, Jon-Ivar Westgaard","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae097","url":null,"abstract":"Quantifying the biomass, or number of individuals, diversity, and distribution of marine species is a critical aspect of understanding and managing marine ecosystems. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using environmental DNA (eDNA) for marine ecosystem management and biodiversity assessment. However, the main challenge hindering eDNA applicability has been the inability to infer absolute species abundances from multispecies analysis (eDNA metabarcoding). In this study, we demonstrate a way forward by estimating the abundance of commercially important fish species in a Norwegian fjord using a joint Bayesian statistical model of traditional trawl-catch data and molecular data derived from eDNA. Using this model, we accurately predict out-of-sample trawl catches using eDNA alone. Moreover, our model provides empirical estimates for key processes linking marine eDNA concentration to the fish population abundance estimated from trawl observations, including trawl catchability, DNA shedding, degradation, dilution, transport, recovery rate, and isolation efficiency. These processes, including amplification efficiencies correcting for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) bias, are species-specific and enable the translation of eDNA metabarcoding data into abundances. These findings have broad implications for the use of eDNA in marine ecosystem management and conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fish spawning phenology is a major concern for conservation and fisheries management. New intensive data sources, such as GPS-based tracking data and high-resolution catch declaration data, are becoming increasingly available in the field of marine ecology. These data benefit from high spatiotemporal resolution and open new research avenues for investigating the interannual variability in fish phenology. In this paper, we demonstrate how an integrated species distribution model informed by commercial catch data combined with spatiotemporal dimension reduction methods known as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) can be used to synthesize spatiotemporal signals in fish reproduction phenology. Specifically, we address the following questions: (1) Can we identify seasonal spatial patterns that can be interpreted in terms of reproductive phenology and essential habitats? (2) Can we identify changes in reproductive phenology over time? (3) Are these changes related to environmental drivers? The analysis illustrates the reproductive phenology of three key commercial species in the Bay of Biscay (sole, hake, and sea bass). The EOF analysis emphasized strong seasonal spatiotemporal patterns that correspond to reproduction patterns and feeding patterns. Based on this methodology, we identified seasonal variations in the timing of reproduction, and we related these variations to sea surface temperature, a key driver of fish reproduction.
{"title":"Investigating fish reproduction phenology and essential habitats by identifying the main spatio-temporal patterns of fish distribution","authors":"Baptiste Alglave, Maxime Olmos, Juliette Casemajor, Marie-Pierre Etienne, Etienne Rivot, Mathieu Woillez, Youen Vermard","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae099","url":null,"abstract":"Fish spawning phenology is a major concern for conservation and fisheries management. New intensive data sources, such as GPS-based tracking data and high-resolution catch declaration data, are becoming increasingly available in the field of marine ecology. These data benefit from high spatiotemporal resolution and open new research avenues for investigating the interannual variability in fish phenology. In this paper, we demonstrate how an integrated species distribution model informed by commercial catch data combined with spatiotemporal dimension reduction methods known as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) can be used to synthesize spatiotemporal signals in fish reproduction phenology. Specifically, we address the following questions: (1) Can we identify seasonal spatial patterns that can be interpreted in terms of reproductive phenology and essential habitats? (2) Can we identify changes in reproductive phenology over time? (3) Are these changes related to environmental drivers? The analysis illustrates the reproductive phenology of three key commercial species in the Bay of Biscay (sole, hake, and sea bass). The EOF analysis emphasized strong seasonal spatiotemporal patterns that correspond to reproduction patterns and feeding patterns. Based on this methodology, we identified seasonal variations in the timing of reproduction, and we related these variations to sea surface temperature, a key driver of fish reproduction.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrícia Ventura, Jacqueline Gautier-Debernardi, Eugenio Di Franco, Patrice Francour, Antonio Di Franco, Alexis Pey
This study aims at assessing the reserve effect on fish assemblage in a small urban fully protected and highly enforced Marine Protected Area (MPA), Larvotto MPA (Monaco, Mediterranean Sea). The data about fish density, size, and biomass was collected by underwater visual census in the MPA and unprotected areas in two habitats, artificial rocky substrates and Posidonia oceanica meadows. On artificial rocky substrates, we recorded significantly higher fish biomass within the MPA compared to unprotected areas, while no significant difference was detected on Posidonia, with this suggesting the habitat-specific responses of fish assemblages to protection. Here we highlight the potential effectiveness of highly enforced small-sized urban MPAs, such as the Larvotto MPA, in generating ecological benefits, and speculate about their potential role in supporting networks of MPAs. This study supports increased attention to urban MPAs in conservation efforts, emphasizing the need for efficient management strategies in the face of ongoing coastal expansion.
{"title":"Habitat-specific response of fish assemblages in a small fully protected urban MPA","authors":"Patrícia Ventura, Jacqueline Gautier-Debernardi, Eugenio Di Franco, Patrice Francour, Antonio Di Franco, Alexis Pey","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae100","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at assessing the reserve effect on fish assemblage in a small urban fully protected and highly enforced Marine Protected Area (MPA), Larvotto MPA (Monaco, Mediterranean Sea). The data about fish density, size, and biomass was collected by underwater visual census in the MPA and unprotected areas in two habitats, artificial rocky substrates and Posidonia oceanica meadows. On artificial rocky substrates, we recorded significantly higher fish biomass within the MPA compared to unprotected areas, while no significant difference was detected on Posidonia, with this suggesting the habitat-specific responses of fish assemblages to protection. Here we highlight the potential effectiveness of highly enforced small-sized urban MPAs, such as the Larvotto MPA, in generating ecological benefits, and speculate about their potential role in supporting networks of MPAs. This study supports increased attention to urban MPAs in conservation efforts, emphasizing the need for efficient management strategies in the face of ongoing coastal expansion.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Timo Michael Staeudle, Bram Parmentier, Jan Jaap Poos
Vulnerability of elasmobranchs to fishing and declines in populations over the last decades have prompted calls for improved fisheries management and conservation efforts. The Raja clavata (Thornback ray) population in the Greater North Sea ecoregion is a population that has historically shown marked declines with increasing industrialized fishing, while a lack of robust catch data of commercial fisheries hampers assessment of population abundance. Using fisheries-independent survey catch data haul-by-haul surface area estimates, we employ integrated-nested Laplace approximation to estimate total and size-class abundances of R. clavata. By accounting for spatio-temporal changes in the population, size selectivity between survey gears, and minimizing bias from partially overlapping survey areas, we demonstrate major changes in the abundance and distribution over the past three decades. Notably, increases of abundance in the Eastern English Channel and south-eastern North Sea result in an overall increase in the abundance and biomass of the population. Our findings expand understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics and exploitation of this data-limited stock, emphasizing the potential for improved population abundance estimates to inform future stock assessments.
过去几十年来，伶鲽类易受捕捞影响以及种群数量下降，促使人们呼吁改善渔业管理和保护工作。大北海生态区的棘背魟（Raja clavata）种群随着工业化捕捞的增加而出现了明显的数量下降，而商业捕捞缺乏可靠的渔获量数据阻碍了对种群丰度的评估。利用独立于渔业的调查渔获量数据，我们采用综合嵌套拉普拉斯近似法估算了 R. clavata 的总丰度和大小级丰度。通过考虑种群的时空变化、调查渔具之间的大小选择性以及最大限度地减少部分重叠调查区域的偏差，我们证明了过去三十年中丰度和分布的重大变化。值得注意的是，英吉利海峡东部和北海东南部丰度的增加导致了种群丰度和生物量的整体增加。我们的研究结果拓展了对这一数据有限种群的时空动态和开发利用的理解，强调了改进种群丰度估计的潜力，为未来的种群评估提供信息。
{"title":"Accounting for spatio-temporal distribution changes in size-structured abundance estimates for a data-limited stock of Raja clavata","authors":"Timo Michael Staeudle, Bram Parmentier, Jan Jaap Poos","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae106","url":null,"abstract":"Vulnerability of elasmobranchs to fishing and declines in populations over the last decades have prompted calls for improved fisheries management and conservation efforts. The Raja clavata (Thornback ray) population in the Greater North Sea ecoregion is a population that has historically shown marked declines with increasing industrialized fishing, while a lack of robust catch data of commercial fisheries hampers assessment of population abundance. Using fisheries-independent survey catch data haul-by-haul surface area estimates, we employ integrated-nested Laplace approximation to estimate total and size-class abundances of R. clavata. By accounting for spatio-temporal changes in the population, size selectivity between survey gears, and minimizing bias from partially overlapping survey areas, we demonstrate major changes in the abundance and distribution over the past three decades. Notably, increases of abundance in the Eastern English Channel and south-eastern North Sea result in an overall increase in the abundance and biomass of the population. Our findings expand understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics and exploitation of this data-limited stock, emphasizing the potential for improved population abundance estimates to inform future stock assessments.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141943514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wencheng Lau-Medrano, Daniel Gaertner, Francis Marsac, Loreleï Guéry, David M Kaplan
The presence of abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gears, including drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs), in marine ecosystems poses significant ecological and socioeconomic concerns. The estimation of the number of dFADs in the marine environment is challenging due to the loss of tracking information when dFAD tracking buoys are remotely deactivated. For the first time, a data set of dFADs buoy positions, including those that had previously been remotely deactivated, has been made available for the period July–August 2020. Data from this period provide valuable insights into the life expectancy, spatial distribution, and status of deactivated dFAD buoys, enabling a more accurate assessment of dFAD presence and impacts. Deactivated buoys represented a 17.2% increase in the total number of tracked objects, and we estimate the in-water half-life of deactivated dFAD tracking buoys to be 101 days. Including deactivated buoys increases the number of strandings during the SP by 23.7%. Nevertheless, the representativity of these results is unknown given the limited spatio-temporal and numerical extent of our data, highlighting the importance of availability of comprehensive data on dFADs to effectively estimate their total numbers and mitigate their environmental impacts.
{"title":"First look at the distribution of deactivated dFADs used by the French Indian Ocean tropical tuna purse-seine fishery","authors":"Wencheng Lau-Medrano, Daniel Gaertner, Francis Marsac, Loreleï Guéry, David M Kaplan","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae104","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gears, including drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs), in marine ecosystems poses significant ecological and socioeconomic concerns. The estimation of the number of dFADs in the marine environment is challenging due to the loss of tracking information when dFAD tracking buoys are remotely deactivated. For the first time, a data set of dFADs buoy positions, including those that had previously been remotely deactivated, has been made available for the period July–August 2020. Data from this period provide valuable insights into the life expectancy, spatial distribution, and status of deactivated dFAD buoys, enabling a more accurate assessment of dFAD presence and impacts. Deactivated buoys represented a 17.2% increase in the total number of tracked objects, and we estimate the in-water half-life of deactivated dFAD tracking buoys to be 101 days. Including deactivated buoys increases the number of strandings during the SP by 23.7%. Nevertheless, the representativity of these results is unknown given the limited spatio-temporal and numerical extent of our data, highlighting the importance of availability of comprehensive data on dFADs to effectively estimate their total numbers and mitigate their environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dmirty N Kulagin, Ulyana V Simakova, Anastasiia A Lunina, Alexander L Vereshchaka
Hansarsia megalops and Thysanoessa gregaria are two abundant krill species in the warm-temperate belts in the North and South Atlantic. This pattern of disjunct distribution, often referred to as anti-tropical (or bipolar), is a regular phenomenon among marine organisms that can appear at different taxonomic levels. Analysis of spatial genetic diversity based on variation of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene was carried out to understand whether these broadly sympatric krill species have similar patterns in population structure and demographic history. The results suggested that the anti-tropical distribution of both species was driven by trans-equatorial migrations during different historical periods. We observed contrasting differences in genetic diversity between species coupled with similar patterns of genetic diversity and structure in disjunct populations on both sides of the equator. We also found additional genetically distinctive populations of T. gregaria in the South Atlantic in Subantarctic waters and showed that the Southern Subtropical Frontal Zone acts as a strong boundary between two genetically distinctive populations of T. gregaria. The results suggest that both species-specific habitat preferences and interactions between closely related species (congeners) may shape differences in population genetic diversity and structure among species.
Hansarsia megalops 和 Thysanoessa gregaria 是北大西洋和南大西洋暖温带的两个丰富磷虾物种。这种不连续的分布模式通常被称为反热带（或两极），是海洋生物中的一种规律性现象，可出现在不同的分类水平上。根据线粒体细胞色素氧化酶 I（COI）基因的变异对空间遗传多样性进行了分析，以了解这些大致同域的磷虾物种是否具有相似的种群结构和人口历史模式。研究结果表明，这两个物种的反热带分布是由不同历史时期的跨赤道迁移驱动的。我们观察到物种间遗传多样性的对比差异，以及赤道两侧不相连种群中相似的遗传多样性和结构模式。我们还在南大西洋的亚南极水域发现了更多基因独特的 T. gregaria 种群，并表明南亚热带前缘区是两个基因独特的 T. gregaria 种群之间的强大边界。结果表明，物种特有的生境偏好和近亲物种（同源物）之间的相互作用可能会形成物种之间种群遗传多样性和结构的差异。
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