The link between the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea created by the Strait of Gibraltar and the adjacent Iberian and Moroccan coasts marks remarkable transition areas between distinct environments that harbour a diverse mixture of species. The area is interesting regarding marine connectivity and the transport of pelagic invertebrate larvae, crucial knowledge to manage over-exploited populations, and minimize the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities. Biophysical models were developed, combining oceanic and particle-tracking Lagrangian simulations with in situ zooplankton distribution data. The conditions driving the larval exchange between the sub-basins and the connectivity throughout the region were explored, using crustacean decapod larvae as biological references. The potential exchange between both sub-basins was confirmed, although specific larval traits revealed contrasting scenarios. The simulations showed that slope-dwelling and mesopelagic larvae have advantage when crossing from the Alboran into the Atlantic, in comparison with shelf-dwelling and epipelagic larvae. Transport pathways and retention areas were identified, and passive drifts were shown to increase the dispersal range of the simulations. The spatial origin of the larval release, larval duration, vertical distribution, and the interaction of larvae with the oceanic features are presented as the main factors impacting the effective larval input into the Atlantic or Mediterranean basins.
{"title":"Dispersal and connectivity modelling simulations for invertebrate larvae passing through the Strait of Gibraltar","authors":"Rita F T Pires, Álvaro Peliz, Antonina dos Santos","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae098","url":null,"abstract":"The link between the northeastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea created by the Strait of Gibraltar and the adjacent Iberian and Moroccan coasts marks remarkable transition areas between distinct environments that harbour a diverse mixture of species. The area is interesting regarding marine connectivity and the transport of pelagic invertebrate larvae, crucial knowledge to manage over-exploited populations, and minimize the impacts of climate change and anthropogenic activities. Biophysical models were developed, combining oceanic and particle-tracking Lagrangian simulations with in situ zooplankton distribution data. The conditions driving the larval exchange between the sub-basins and the connectivity throughout the region were explored, using crustacean decapod larvae as biological references. The potential exchange between both sub-basins was confirmed, although specific larval traits revealed contrasting scenarios. The simulations showed that slope-dwelling and mesopelagic larvae have advantage when crossing from the Alboran into the Atlantic, in comparison with shelf-dwelling and epipelagic larvae. Transport pathways and retention areas were identified, and passive drifts were shown to increase the dispersal range of the simulations. The spatial origin of the larval release, larval duration, vertical distribution, and the interaction of larvae with the oceanic features are presented as the main factors impacting the effective larval input into the Atlantic or Mediterranean basins.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141777588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Margot A M Maathuis, Ingrid Tulp, Sophie Valk, Xantia van den Brink, Abraham S Couperus, Marinus C Keur, Reindert Nijland, Serdar Sakinan, Valerie van der Vorst, Jan Jaap Poos
Small pelagic fish (SPF) are crucial in marine food webs, transferring energy from plankton to higher trophic levels. This study focuses on herring (Clupea harengus) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus), addressing knowledge gaps in their feeding ecology in a nursery area, the Dutch Wadden Sea. We conducted a year-long, monthly survey, and used DNA metabarcoding to analyse zooplankton samples and stomach contents of two size classes of herring and sprat. Intra-, interspecific, and seasonal variations in fish condition, stomach fullness, and diet composition, along with selective feeding, were studied. Our study showed that condition and diet composition of herring and sprat, along with zooplankton density, exhibited a clear seasonal pattern. Juvenile herring and sprat displayed opportunistic feeding behaviour, rather than showing distinct prey selection. Besides copepods, we regularly observed (larvae of) benthic invertebrates in their diet. This emphasizes the crucial role of SPF as energy transfer agents, not solely between trophic levels, but also from benthic to pelagic habitats. Furthermore, fish post-larvae were part of the diet of larger herring (10–15 cm). Because of its unprecedented temporal and taxonomical detail, this study advances the understanding of seasonal dynamics of dominant components at the base of the Wadden Sea food web.
小型中上层鱼类（SPF）在海洋食物网中至关重要，它们将浮游生物的能量转移到更高的营养级。本研究的重点是鲱鱼（Clupea harengus）和鲱鱼（Sprattus sprattus），以解决它们在荷兰瓦登海育苗区的摄食生态学方面的知识空白。我们进行了为期一年的月度调查，并使用 DNA 代谢编码分析了浮游动物样本和两种大小的鲱鱼和鲱鱼胃内容物。我们研究了鱼体内、鱼种间和季节性鱼体状态、胃的饱满度、食物组成以及选择性摄食的变化。我们的研究表明，鲱鱼和鲱鱼的体况和食物组成以及浮游动物密度呈现出明显的季节性规律。幼年鲱鱼和鲱鱼表现出机会性摄食行为，而不是明显的猎物选择。除了桡足类，我们还经常观察到底栖无脊椎动物的（幼虫）。这强调了 SPF 作为能量转移媒介的重要作用，不仅在营养级之间，而且从底栖到浮游栖息地也是如此。此外，鱼类后代也是较大鲱鱼（10-15 厘米）的食物之一。这项研究具有前所未有的时间和分类细节，有助于人们了解瓦登海食物网底部主要成分的季节动态。
{"title":"Small pelagic fish in the shallow Wadden Sea show opportunistic feeding with a strong benthic link","authors":"Margot A M Maathuis, Ingrid Tulp, Sophie Valk, Xantia van den Brink, Abraham S Couperus, Marinus C Keur, Reindert Nijland, Serdar Sakinan, Valerie van der Vorst, Jan Jaap Poos","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae096","url":null,"abstract":"Small pelagic fish (SPF) are crucial in marine food webs, transferring energy from plankton to higher trophic levels. This study focuses on herring (Clupea harengus) and sprat (Sprattus sprattus), addressing knowledge gaps in their feeding ecology in a nursery area, the Dutch Wadden Sea. We conducted a year-long, monthly survey, and used DNA metabarcoding to analyse zooplankton samples and stomach contents of two size classes of herring and sprat. Intra-, interspecific, and seasonal variations in fish condition, stomach fullness, and diet composition, along with selective feeding, were studied. Our study showed that condition and diet composition of herring and sprat, along with zooplankton density, exhibited a clear seasonal pattern. Juvenile herring and sprat displayed opportunistic feeding behaviour, rather than showing distinct prey selection. Besides copepods, we regularly observed (larvae of) benthic invertebrates in their diet. This emphasizes the crucial role of SPF as energy transfer agents, not solely between trophic levels, but also from benthic to pelagic habitats. Furthermore, fish post-larvae were part of the diet of larger herring (10–15 cm). Because of its unprecedented temporal and taxonomical detail, this study advances the understanding of seasonal dynamics of dominant components at the base of the Wadden Sea food web.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141777587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrew Want, Simon Waldman, Michael T Burrows, Jonathan C Side, Vengatesan Venugopal, Michael C Bell
Wave energy has the potential to contribute in the transition to decarbonized electricity generation. Extracting wave energy might be expected to have ecological impacts on rocky shore intertidal communities where exposure is one of the most important factors determining species structure and composition. With global climatic change, coastal exposure is predicted to increase with greater significant wave height. The wave-exposed west coast of Orkney, Scotland, UK, is the site of pre-commercial wave device testing. Surveys of 39 rocky shore sites along this coast identified key species and abundances, and quantified exposure-modifying topographic variables. A spectral wave model was constructed to compare baseline, wave extraction, climate change, and combined scenarios. Generalized additive modelling was used to describe the relationship between species, topography, and exposure. Results show that individual species differentially respond to exposure changes with ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ at site level. Overall, community responses are expected to be far greater following predicted climatic change than to industrial-scale wave energy extraction, depending on spatial scale. In combination, energy extraction may reduce the effects of climate-change-related increases in wave exposure of rocky shores. Predicting how location-specific biotic assemblages respond to changes in wave energy as a result of long-term forcing agents provides a valuable marine resource management tool.
{"title":"Predicted ecological consequences of wave energy extraction and climate-related changes in wave exposure on rocky shore communities","authors":"Andrew Want, Simon Waldman, Michael T Burrows, Jonathan C Side, Vengatesan Venugopal, Michael C Bell","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae086","url":null,"abstract":"Wave energy has the potential to contribute in the transition to decarbonized electricity generation. Extracting wave energy might be expected to have ecological impacts on rocky shore intertidal communities where exposure is one of the most important factors determining species structure and composition. With global climatic change, coastal exposure is predicted to increase with greater significant wave height. The wave-exposed west coast of Orkney, Scotland, UK, is the site of pre-commercial wave device testing. Surveys of 39 rocky shore sites along this coast identified key species and abundances, and quantified exposure-modifying topographic variables. A spectral wave model was constructed to compare baseline, wave extraction, climate change, and combined scenarios. Generalized additive modelling was used to describe the relationship between species, topography, and exposure. Results show that individual species differentially respond to exposure changes with ‘winners’ and ‘losers’ at site level. Overall, community responses are expected to be far greater following predicted climatic change than to industrial-scale wave energy extraction, depending on spatial scale. In combination, energy extraction may reduce the effects of climate-change-related increases in wave exposure of rocky shores. Predicting how location-specific biotic assemblages respond to changes in wave energy as a result of long-term forcing agents provides a valuable marine resource management tool.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141777586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antoni Burguera Burguera, Francisco Bonin-Font, Damianos Chatzievangelou, Maria Vigo Fernandez, Jacopo Aguzzi
The Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) is one of the most important fishery items for the EU blue economy. This paper describes a software architecture based on neural networks, designed to identify the presence of N. norvegicus and estimate the number of its individuals per square meter (i.e. stock density) in deep-sea (350–380 m depth) Fishery No-Take Zones of the northwestern Mediterranean. Inferencing models were obtained by training open-source networks with images obtained from frames partitioning of in submarine vehicle videos. Animal detections were also tracked in successive frames of video sequences to avoid biases in individual recounting, offering significant success and precision in detection and density estimations.
{"title":"Deep learning for detection and counting of Nephrops norvegicus from underwater videos","authors":"Antoni Burguera Burguera, Francisco Bonin-Font, Damianos Chatzievangelou, Maria Vigo Fernandez, Jacopo Aguzzi","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae089","url":null,"abstract":"The Norway lobster (Nephrops norvegicus) is one of the most important fishery items for the EU blue economy. This paper describes a software architecture based on neural networks, designed to identify the presence of N. norvegicus and estimate the number of its individuals per square meter (i.e. stock density) in deep-sea (350–380 m depth) Fishery No-Take Zones of the northwestern Mediterranean. Inferencing models were obtained by training open-source networks with images obtained from frames partitioning of in submarine vehicle videos. Animal detections were also tracked in successive frames of video sequences to avoid biases in individual recounting, offering significant success and precision in detection and density estimations.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141777396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin Blanz, Roland Cormier, Douglas Swain, Hermann Held
Globally, many fisheries have experienced collapse even though most of these fisheries had management plans with harvest control rules and were supported by scientific modelling that explicitly accounted for uncertainty. Recognizing that an informed decision on risks of a stock collapse versus harvest is only possible when the outcomes of the technical measures are described explicitly. We propose that the cumulative probability of stock collapse over a range of harvest levels would provide a perspective of the future consequences of harvesting decisions. Adding to the harvest level negotiations the consideration of how long a fishery should sustain the livelihoods of fishers may provide managers, fishers, and other stakeholders with a more tangible understanding of the risks within the context of precautionary principles in decision-making. We use a time series from the Canadian Cod fishery of the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, from which we construct and calibrate a simplified model as an emulator of more comprehensive models to demonstrate the approach. The implications of adding an analysis of the probabilities of stock collapse for a range of harvest levels and using a risk matrix to inform decision-making are discussed for four selected years 1974, 1986, 1993, and 2017.
{"title":"Adding the risk of stock collapse over time to stock assessments and harvest allocation decisions","authors":"Benjamin Blanz, Roland Cormier, Douglas Swain, Hermann Held","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae084","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, many fisheries have experienced collapse even though most of these fisheries had management plans with harvest control rules and were supported by scientific modelling that explicitly accounted for uncertainty. Recognizing that an informed decision on risks of a stock collapse versus harvest is only possible when the outcomes of the technical measures are described explicitly. We propose that the cumulative probability of stock collapse over a range of harvest levels would provide a perspective of the future consequences of harvesting decisions. Adding to the harvest level negotiations the consideration of how long a fishery should sustain the livelihoods of fishers may provide managers, fishers, and other stakeholders with a more tangible understanding of the risks within the context of precautionary principles in decision-making. We use a time series from the Canadian Cod fishery of the Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, from which we construct and calibrate a simplified model as an emulator of more comprehensive models to demonstrate the approach. The implications of adding an analysis of the probabilities of stock collapse for a range of harvest levels and using a risk matrix to inform decision-making are discussed for four selected years 1974, 1986, 1993, and 2017.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141587346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua M Lawrence, Michael R Heath, Douglas C Speirs, Paul G Fernandes
Thousands of offshore oil and gas platforms have been installed worldwide and are known to act as artificial reefs. Many platforms are nearing the end of their operational lives and will soon require decommissioning, but uncertainty remains about the impacts of these structures, and their removal, on the environment. Fish aggregate at platforms, but little is known about the extent of these effects in the North Sea and the causes of variability in these associations. Here, an uncrewed surface vessel (USV) was used to collect fisheries acoustic data on distributions of schooling and non-schooling fish around six oil platforms, collecting data within tens of metres of four of the surveyed platforms. In areas with more platforms, more non-schooling fish were found, and the probability of detecting fish schools was higher. Interplatform variability was found in trends in non-schooling fish density with increasing distance from platform, but the relationship was found to be strongest and most negative at the larger platforms. These findings may influence future management decisions around the decommissioning of these platforms, particularly if some structure is to be left in place to maximize the potential benefits associated with these artificial reef effects.
{"title":"Structure size may affect fish density around oil platforms","authors":"Joshua M Lawrence, Michael R Heath, Douglas C Speirs, Paul G Fernandes","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae083","url":null,"abstract":"Thousands of offshore oil and gas platforms have been installed worldwide and are known to act as artificial reefs. Many platforms are nearing the end of their operational lives and will soon require decommissioning, but uncertainty remains about the impacts of these structures, and their removal, on the environment. Fish aggregate at platforms, but little is known about the extent of these effects in the North Sea and the causes of variability in these associations. Here, an uncrewed surface vessel (USV) was used to collect fisheries acoustic data on distributions of schooling and non-schooling fish around six oil platforms, collecting data within tens of metres of four of the surveyed platforms. In areas with more platforms, more non-schooling fish were found, and the probability of detecting fish schools was higher. Interplatform variability was found in trends in non-schooling fish density with increasing distance from platform, but the relationship was found to be strongest and most negative at the larger platforms. These findings may influence future management decisions around the decommissioning of these platforms, particularly if some structure is to be left in place to maximize the potential benefits associated with these artificial reef effects.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141546537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In trawl-acoustic methods, machine learning can objectively assign species composition to echo-traces, providing a reproducible approach for improving biomass assessments and the study of schooling behaviour. However, the automatic classification of schools in multispecies environments is challenging due to the difficulty of obtaining ground truth information for training. We propose a weakly supervised approach to classify schools into seven classes using catch proportions as probabilities. A balancing strategy was used to address high dominance of some species while preserving species mixtures. As the composition of schools from multispecific catches was unknown, model performance was evaluated at the school and haul level. Accuracy was 63.5% for schools from single-species catches or those identified by experts, and a 20.1% error was observed when comparing predicted and actual species proportions at the haul level. Positional and energetic descriptors were highly relevant, while morphological characteristics showed low discriminative power. The highest accuracies were obtained for juvenile anchovy and Muller’s pearslide, while sardine was the most challenging to classify. Our multioutput approach allowed the introduction of a metric to assess the confidence of the model in classifying each school. As a result, we introduced a method to classify echo-traces considering prediction reliability.
{"title":"Weakly supervised classification of acoustic echo-traces in a multispecific pelagic environment","authors":"Aitor Lekanda, Guillermo Boyra, Maite Louzao","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae085","url":null,"abstract":"In trawl-acoustic methods, machine learning can objectively assign species composition to echo-traces, providing a reproducible approach for improving biomass assessments and the study of schooling behaviour. However, the automatic classification of schools in multispecies environments is challenging due to the difficulty of obtaining ground truth information for training. We propose a weakly supervised approach to classify schools into seven classes using catch proportions as probabilities. A balancing strategy was used to address high dominance of some species while preserving species mixtures. As the composition of schools from multispecific catches was unknown, model performance was evaluated at the school and haul level. Accuracy was 63.5% for schools from single-species catches or those identified by experts, and a 20.1% error was observed when comparing predicted and actual species proportions at the haul level. Positional and energetic descriptors were highly relevant, while morphological characteristics showed low discriminative power. The highest accuracies were obtained for juvenile anchovy and Muller’s pearslide, while sardine was the most challenging to classify. Our multioutput approach allowed the introduction of a metric to assess the confidence of the model in classifying each school. As a result, we introduced a method to classify echo-traces considering prediction reliability.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141546534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Gauthier, Jonathan A D Fisher, Dominique Robert, Pascal Sirois
In marine fishes of commercial interest, defining habitat use and migration strategies through ontogeny can help better understand the structure and dynamics of harvested populations and guide their management. The present study relied on otolith chemistry to identify three contingents within the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) stock in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL). We differentiated two chemical signatures from otolith edges, one for shallow (<100 m) and another one for deep (>100 m) waters. By identifying transitions between the deep and shallow habitats, we found that most halibut display migrations from the deep waters to shallow waters during the first 3 years of life. After reaching maturity, most halibut distributing in northern regions of the GSL became full-time residents in deep areas of the GSL. In contrast, halibut found in summer on the shallow plateau of the southern GSL displayed migrating behaviour between shallow (summer) and deep (winter) waters throughout their lives, either on an annual or irregular basis. Overall, our results demonstrate that otolith chemical signatures serve as natural markers of geographically distinct marine environments, facilitating the identification and reconstruction of environmental histories of long-lived marine fishes.
{"title":"Otoliths as chemical archives through ontogeny reveal distinct migratory strategies of Atlantic halibut within the Gulf of St. Lawrence","authors":"Charlotte Gauthier, Jonathan A D Fisher, Dominique Robert, Pascal Sirois","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae081","url":null,"abstract":"In marine fishes of commercial interest, defining habitat use and migration strategies through ontogeny can help better understand the structure and dynamics of harvested populations and guide their management. The present study relied on otolith chemistry to identify three contingents within the Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus) stock in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL). We differentiated two chemical signatures from otolith edges, one for shallow (&lt;100 m) and another one for deep (&gt;100 m) waters. By identifying transitions between the deep and shallow habitats, we found that most halibut display migrations from the deep waters to shallow waters during the first 3 years of life. After reaching maturity, most halibut distributing in northern regions of the GSL became full-time residents in deep areas of the GSL. In contrast, halibut found in summer on the shallow plateau of the southern GSL displayed migrating behaviour between shallow (summer) and deep (winter) waters throughout their lives, either on an annual or irregular basis. Overall, our results demonstrate that otolith chemical signatures serve as natural markers of geographically distinct marine environments, facilitating the identification and reconstruction of environmental histories of long-lived marine fishes.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141546535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To celebrate the centenary of the ICES Journal of Marine Science in 2026, this article takes a retrospective look at what transpired with the Journal during those 100 years. Beginning with the original intent of the publication, its subsequent transformation is chronicled from being a French-titled journal focussing mainly on northeast Atlantic topics with three issues per volume to its present status as a well-known and highly rated publication 9–10 issues per year featuring papers from around the world addressing the full range of marine science investigations. The publication, subscriptions, and distribution of the Journal were initially handled by Danish firms, but were later contracted to major publishing companies such as Academic Press and Oxford University Press, the current publisher. Brief commentaries are provided of the nine individuals who have served as editor or editor-in-chief of the Journal throughout its 100-year history, as well as some who have served as assisting editors or editorial assistants in the ICES Secretariat. The management and promotion of the Journal by ICES are also reviewed.
{"title":"The first 100 years of the ICES Journal of Marine Science","authors":"Emory D Anderson","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae082","url":null,"abstract":"To celebrate the centenary of the ICES Journal of Marine Science in 2026, this article takes a retrospective look at what transpired with the Journal during those 100 years. Beginning with the original intent of the publication, its subsequent transformation is chronicled from being a French-titled journal focussing mainly on northeast Atlantic topics with three issues per volume to its present status as a well-known and highly rated publication 9–10 issues per year featuring papers from around the world addressing the full range of marine science investigations. The publication, subscriptions, and distribution of the Journal were initially handled by Danish firms, but were later contracted to major publishing companies such as Academic Press and Oxford University Press, the current publisher. Brief commentaries are provided of the nine individuals who have served as editor or editor-in-chief of the Journal throughout its 100-year history, as well as some who have served as assisting editors or editorial assistants in the ICES Secretariat. The management and promotion of the Journal by ICES are also reviewed.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emma Tyldesley, Neil S Banas, Graeme Diack, Richard Kennedy, Jonathan Gillson, David G Johns, Colin Bull
Return rates of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the sea to European rivers have declined in recent decades. The first months at sea are critical for growth and survival; recent evidence suggests that reduced food availability may be a contributory factor to the observed declines. Here, zooplankton abundance data are used to derive a measure of prey energy available to forage fish prey of salmon during early marine migration. This zooplankton prey energy has significantly and dramatically declined over much of the northeast Atlantic, and specifically within key salmon migration domains, over the past 60 years. Marine return rates from a set of southern European populations are found to exhibit clustering not entirely predictable from geographical proximity. Variability in grouped return rates from these populations is correlated with zooplankton energy on a range of scales, demonstrating the potential use of zooplankton energy as an indicator of salmon marine survival. Comparison with environmental variables derived from ocean model reanalysis data suggests zooplankton energy is regulated by a combination of climate change impacts on ecosystem productivity and multi-decadal variability in water mass influence along the migration routes.
{"title":"Patterns of declining zooplankton energy in the northeast Atlantic as an indicator for marine survival of Atlantic salmon","authors":"Emma Tyldesley, Neil S Banas, Graeme Diack, Richard Kennedy, Jonathan Gillson, David G Johns, Colin Bull","doi":"10.1093/icesjms/fsae077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsae077","url":null,"abstract":"Return rates of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from the sea to European rivers have declined in recent decades. The first months at sea are critical for growth and survival; recent evidence suggests that reduced food availability may be a contributory factor to the observed declines. Here, zooplankton abundance data are used to derive a measure of prey energy available to forage fish prey of salmon during early marine migration. This zooplankton prey energy has significantly and dramatically declined over much of the northeast Atlantic, and specifically within key salmon migration domains, over the past 60 years. Marine return rates from a set of southern European populations are found to exhibit clustering not entirely predictable from geographical proximity. Variability in grouped return rates from these populations is correlated with zooplankton energy on a range of scales, demonstrating the potential use of zooplankton energy as an indicator of salmon marine survival. Comparison with environmental variables derived from ocean model reanalysis data suggests zooplankton energy is regulated by a combination of climate change impacts on ecosystem productivity and multi-decadal variability in water mass influence along the migration routes.","PeriodicalId":51072,"journal":{"name":"ICES Journal of Marine Science","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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