Journal of Arid Environments最新文献_第2页

Methodological sensitivities when identifying dryland degradation: case studies from two Australian regions 识别旱地退化的方法敏感性：来自澳大利亚两个地区的案例研究

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105561

Xinyue Zhang , Jason P. Evans , Adrian G. Fisher

Quantifying dryland degradation is crucial for effective land management. Remote sensing data offers continuous observational records of dryland vegetation over recent decades, aiding in the identification of degraded regions. However, the sensitivities introduced by different satellite vegetation products and varying resolution data in detecting dryland degradation remain unclear. Additionally, the extent of spatial variability that might be overlooked when using gridded climate data is also uncertain. This study quantifies these sensitivities and provides recommendations for more robust identification of dryland degradation areas using the Time Series Segmented Residual Trend (TSS-RESTREND) V0.3.2 method. Our findings reveal that the spatial variability of rainfall in gridded rainfall products is low, potentially leading to errors in the precipitation-vegetation relationship. While GIMMS and MODIS NDVI generally align, variations in the timing of peak NDVI can result in differing degradation assessments, particularly those caused by climate. We recommend using MODIS NDVI when long-term time series data is not required. Specifically, the higher spatial resolution of MODIS NDVI identified degradation areas covering 1.16% of Fowlers Gap and 4.26% of Boolcoomatta, whereas coarse resolution data showed no signs of degradation in these regions. This underscores the importance of higher resolution data for assessing dryland degradation. Conversely, higher temporal resolution provided little additional information, suggesting that monthly data is sufficient for identifying degradation. Additionally, different vegetation indices exhibit similar degradation detection.

对旱地退化进行量化对有效的土地管理至关重要。遥感数据提供了近几十年来旱地植被的连续观测记录，有助于确定退化地区。然而，不同卫星植被产品和不同分辨率数据在探测旱地退化方面的敏感性仍不清楚。此外，在使用网格化气候数据时可能被忽略的空间变异性程度也是不确定的。本研究量化了这些敏感性，并为使用时间序列分割残差趋势（TSS-RESTREND） V0.3.2方法更稳健地识别旱地退化区域提供了建议。研究结果表明，网格化降水产品的降雨空间变异性较低，可能导致降水-植被关系的误差。虽然GIMMS和MODIS NDVI总体上是一致的，但NDVI峰值时间的变化可能导致不同的退化评估，特别是由气候引起的退化评估。当不需要长期时间序列数据时，我们建议使用MODIS NDVI。其中，高分辨率MODIS NDVI识别的退化区域覆盖了1.16%的fowler Gap和4.26%的Boolcoomatta，而粗分辨率数据在这些区域没有退化迹象。这强调了高分辨率数据对评估旱地退化的重要性。相反，较高的时间分辨率提供的额外信息很少，这表明每月的数据足以识别退化。此外，不同的植被指数表现出相似的退化检测。

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引用次数: 0

Plant allelopathic interactions matter in arid ecosystems of Patagonia. An analysis across a wide aridity gradient 巴塔哥尼亚干旱生态系统植物化感作用问题。在宽干旱梯度上的分析

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105575

Mónica Beatriz Bertiller , Analía Lorena Carrera , Hebe Saraví Cisneros , Giovana Magali Muñoz , Sonia Oliferuk

Shrubs and perennial grasses coexist in most semi-arid and arid ecosystems of the world. We analyzed changes in shrub/perennial grass cover ratios and the concentrations of two phytochemicals with high (soluble phenols) and low (lignin) allelochemical potential across a wide aridity gradient in Patagonia. We asked whether shrubby canopies create ecological/environmental contexts favorable for allelopathic interactions between shrubs and perennial grasses. Shrub/perennial grass cover ratio increased with increasing aridity. Evergreen tall shrubs, accounting among the dominant shrub morphotypes at the driest sites, showed many-fold higher soluble phenol and lower lignin concentrations in their green leaves than tall deciduous, medium, and dwarf shrub morphotypes. Studies in the Patagonian Monte (driest extreme of the gradient) indicated that leaf leachates and propagules of evergreen tall shrubs, and their associated soils had high concentrations and diversity of soluble phenols negatively affecting in different ways the germination, establishment, and biomass of perennial grass species with differential plant traits. No evidence of allelopathic interactions was reported when shrubby canopies were dominated by other shrub morphotypes with high concentration of lignin in leaves (wettest extreme of the gradient). We concluded that aridity shapes ecological/environmental contexts, which could promote allelopathic interactions between shrubs and perennial grasses.

灌木和多年生草在世界上大多数半干旱和干旱生态系统中共存。我们分析了巴塔哥尼亚灌木/多年生草覆盖比和两种高（可溶性酚）和低（木质素）化感化学势的植物化学物质浓度在宽干旱梯度上的变化。我们询问灌木冠层是否创造了有利于灌木和多年生草本植物化感作用的生态/环境背景。灌丛/多年生草盖度随干旱程度的增加而增加。常绿高灌木是干旱区优势灌木形态之一，其绿叶可溶性酚含量比高落叶灌木、中灌木和矮灌木高数倍，木质素含量比矮灌木低数倍。在巴塔哥尼亚山（坡度最干燥的极端）的研究表明，常绿高灌木的叶片渗滤液和繁殖体及其伴生土壤具有高浓度和多样性的可溶性酚，以不同的方式对具有不同植物性状的多年生草物种的萌发、建立和生物量产生负面影响。当灌木冠层被其他具有高浓度木质素的灌木形态（梯度最潮湿的极端）占主导地位时，没有报告化感作用的证据。我们认为，干旱塑造了生态环境背景，促进了灌木与多年生禾草之间的化感作用。

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引用次数: 0

Isoscapes reveal ENSO-driven variability in evaporation and source water contributions in a semi-arid urban tap water supply 等值线图揭示了enso驱动的半干旱城市自来水供应中蒸发和水源贡献的变异性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105505

Charity Kgotlaebonywe , Ricardo Sánchez-Murillo , Eliot A. Atekwana

This study tests the hypothesis that ENSO drives spatiotemporal changes in isotope patterns and water source contributions within Gaborone's (Botswana) tap water system. Spatially distributed tap water samples were collected between 2022 and 2024, along with other hydrological endmembers. El Niño (warmer/drier) conditions led to higher (lower) δ¹⁸O (d-excess), while La Niña (cooler/wetter) conditions led to lower (higher) δ¹⁸O (d-excess), reflecting changes in atmospheric moisture sources and evaporation dynamics. Cluster analysis identified four isotopically distinct groups. Cluster 1, with the lowest d-excess (−19.01 to −8.28 ‰), was dominant in the western (2023) and eastern (2023/24) regions. Cluster 2 (−8.13 to −1.41 ‰) was prominent in the south and southeast (2022), and later expanded to the central, northern, and western regions for all other seasons. Cluster 3 (−1.73 to +4.85 ‰) prevailed in the north and south-central regions (2022/23). Cluster 4 (+5.59 to +14.08 ‰) was minimally represented and linked to groundwater use. MixSIAR showed Dikgatlhong Dam as the primary source (46.2 % ± 18.8 %), followed by Gaborone and Bokaa Dams, groundwater, and Letsibogo Dam. Isotopic changes during El Niño highlight intensified evaporative losses and the use of diverse source-water strategies to meet urban demand, offering a valuable framework for examining ENSO-driven variability in tap water systems worldwide.

本研究验证了ENSO驱动哈博罗内（博茨瓦纳）自来水系统中同位素模式和水源贡献的时空变化的假设。在2022年至2024年间收集了空间分布的自来水样本，以及其他水文端元。El Niño（较暖/较干）导致δ18O （d-excess）升高（较低），La Niña（较冷/较湿）导致δ18O （d-excess）升高（较高），反映了大气水分源和蒸发动力学的变化。聚类分析鉴定出四个同位素不同的类群。聚类1在西部（2023/24）和东部（2023/24）具有最低的d-超额（- 19.01 ~ - 8.28‰）。聚类2（- 8.13 ~ - 1.41‰）主要分布在南部和东南部（2022年），其他季节均向中部、北部和西部扩展。聚类3（- 1.73 ~ +4.85‰）主要分布在北部和中南部地区（2022/23）。聚类4（+5.59 ~ +14.08‰）的代表性最低，与地下水利用有关。MixSIAR显示dikgatolhong大坝是主要的水源（46.2%±18.8%），其次是Gaborone和Bokaa大坝、地下水和Letsibogo大坝。厄尔尼诺Niño期间的同位素变化凸显了蒸发损失加剧和为满足城市需求而采用多种水源战略，为研究enso驱动的全球自来水系统变率提供了一个有价值的框架。

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引用次数: 0

The response of water-carbon coupling to drought stress in terrestrial ecosystems in China 中国陆地生态系统水碳耦合对干旱胁迫的响应

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105474

Xin Yuan , Liang Jiao , Qian Li , Ruhong Xue , Xuge Wang , Zhengdong Guo , Kuan Zhang

Extreme drought events have severely affected vegetation growth, but the responses of the water-carbon coupling process of vegetation in various climate zones in China to drought remain unclear. Therefore, based on WUE (Water Use Efficiency), we analyzed the responses and recovery capabilities of vegetation water-carbon coupling in various climate zones to drought stress. The results showed that 1) In terms of the drought lag time of the two, the warm and humid climate zone responds to drought events more slowly than the arid and semi-arid climate zone. On the optimal lag time, vegetation WUE and SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) were generally negatively correlated across climate zones. 2) The cumulative water deficit in the previous period had a medium-term cumulative effect on the vegetation WUE process in arid and semi-arid climatic zones, and a short-term cumulative effect on the WUE process in warm-humid climatic zones. 3) The resilience curve which showed that the vegetation WUE of the semi-humid and alpine arid regions had a stronger resilience to drought stress with strong recovery ability. These findings reveal the mechanism of vegetation water-carbon coupling process in response to drought, and provide an important basis for in-depth study of vegetation memory effects and adaptation strategies.

极端干旱事件严重影响了植被的生长，但中国各气候带植被水碳耦合过程对干旱的响应尚不清楚。基于WUE (Water Use Efficiency)，分析了不同气候区植被水碳耦合对干旱胁迫的响应及恢复能力。结果表明：1)从干旱滞后时间上看，温暖湿润气候区对干旱事件的响应要慢于干旱半干旱气候区；在最佳滞后时间上，各气候带植被WUE与标准化降水蒸散发指数（SPEI）总体呈负相关。2)前期累积水分亏缺对干旱半干旱气候带植被水分利用效率过程具有中期累积效应，对暖湿气候带植被水分利用效率过程具有短期累积效应。3)恢复曲线表明，半湿润和高寒干旱区植被WUE对干旱胁迫具有较强的恢复能力。这些发现揭示了干旱条件下植被水碳耦合过程的机制，为深入研究植被记忆效应和适应策略提供了重要依据。

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引用次数: 0

Localized replacement rather than generalized degradation: Impacts of cropland expansion on rangeland health in semiarid Argentina 局部替代而非普遍退化：半干旱阿根廷农田扩张对牧场健康的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105498

Jingdong Zhao , Le Wang , Yuanjun Zhu , Zedong Li , Xiaohui Yang , Zhongjie Shi , Marcelo Daniel Nosetto

Driven by global commodity demand and capital investment, cropland expansion in Argentina has fragmented ecologically fragile semiarid rangelands and dry forests, intensifying pressure on traditional grazing systems. Using Landsat imagery and Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithms integrated with a random forest classifier, we produced annual land-use maps (1990–2020) for the Caldenal–SL region (the Caldenal rangeland within San Luis Province), achieving high accuracy (overall: 92.7 %, Kappa: 0.873). Over three decades, native rangelands decreased by 4081 km² (18.37 % of the region; net loss: 3478 km²), with 82.95 % converted to cropland (net gain: 3154 km²) and 16.92 % transitioning to forest cover (net gain: 324 km²). Cropland expansion peaked between 2000 and 2003, coinciding with Argentina's soybean boom and associated market incentives. Vegetation health, assessed via NDVI/EVI slope trends derived from the CCDC harmonic regression model, showed significant improvement in permanent rangelands—defined as areas with stable land cover and no spectral breakpoints—reaching 53.70 %–95.54 %, and notably exceeding the proportions of stable (2.32 %–25.64 %) and degraded areas (2.14 %–20.66 %). Livestock-density hotspots were concentrated in the eastern agropastoral transition zone, characterized by higher rainfall, suggesting a shift from extensive to intensive grazing, thereby mitigating grazing pressure on permanent rangelands. Our findings highlight the urgent need for robust legal frameworks, innovative production strategies, and market-driven incentives to sustainably balance agricultural expansion with ecological stability and biodiversity conservation in semiarid pastoral landscapes.

在全球商品需求和资本投资的推动下，阿根廷的耕地扩张使生态脆弱的半干旱牧场和干旱森林支离破碎，加剧了对传统放牧系统的压力。利用Landsat图像和结合随机森林分类器的连续变化检测与分类（CCDC）算法，我们制作了Caldenal - sl地区（圣路易斯省Caldenal放牧地）的土地利用年图（1990-2020），获得了较高的精度（总体：92.7%,Kappa: 0.873）。在过去的30年里，原生牧场减少了4081平方公里（占该地区的18.37%，净损失：3478平方公里），其中82.95%转化为耕地（净收益：3154平方公里），16.92%转化为森林覆盖（净收益：324平方公里）。耕地扩张在2000年至2003年间达到顶峰，与阿根廷大豆繁荣和相关的市场激励措施相吻合。利用CCDC调和回归模型得出的NDVI/EVI坡度趋势评估植被健康状况，永久性牧地（定义为土地覆盖稳定且无谱断点的地区）的植被健康状况显著改善，达到53.70% ~ 95.54%，显著超过稳定区（2.32% ~ 25.64%）和退化区（2.14% ~ 20.66%）的比例。畜禽密度热点集中在东部农牧过渡区，降雨较多，表明放牧由粗放型向集约型转变，从而减轻了对永久牧场的放牧压力。我们的研究结果强调，迫切需要健全的法律框架、创新的生产策略和市场驱动的激励措施，以实现半干旱牧区农业扩张与生态稳定和生物多样性保护之间的可持续平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Microtextural patterns as an archive of geomorphic and pedogenic response to anthropogenic humidification in an arid dune system (Morocco) 微结构模式作为干旱沙丘系统对人为加湿的地貌和成土响应档案（摩洛哥）

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105491

Rachid Amiha, Belkacem Kabbachi, Mohamed Ait Haddou, Younes Moussaid, Youssef Bouchriti

Understanding the response of arid soil-landscape systems to changes in moisture regimes is critical for assessing their stability. This study investigates the Elfeija dune field in southeastern Morocco, a site chosen for its well-preserved record of both natural climatic cycles and recent anthropogenic impacts. The process-response dynamics were investigated using quartz grain exoscopy (SEM-EDS) as a primary indicator. The analysis reveals a polyphasic history where subsequent pedogenic processes overprint primary geomorphic signatures. The initial state of the parent material is defined by a dominant suite of aeolian microtextures, including high-gloss polish and mechanical impact marks, indicative of prolonged transport in a mobile dune system. This primary surface is consistently altered by features diagnostic of incipient pedogenesis, such as chemical dissolution etching and authigenic growth of complex iron- and chlorine-rich aluminosilicate precipitates. Significantly, the recent, widespread expansion of irrigated agriculture provides a powerful modern analogue for the natural arid-humid cycles of the Quaternary.The seasonal, human-induced humidification of the sandy substrate creates the precise conditions required for these chemical alteration processes. The study concludes that the Elfeija geosite serves not only as a high-fidelity archive of past climatic shifts but also as a real-time laboratory for studying the geomorphic and pedogenic response of an arid system to modern anthropogenic forcing.

了解干旱土壤景观系统对湿度变化的响应对于评估其稳定性至关重要。本研究调查了摩洛哥东南部的Elfeija沙丘场，该地点因其保存完好的自然气候周期和最近的人为影响记录而被选中。以石英颗粒外相显微镜（SEM-EDS）为主要指标，研究了过程响应动力学。分析揭示了一个多相的历史，随后的成土过程覆盖了原始地貌特征。母体物质的初始状态由主要的风成微纹理定义，包括高光泽抛光和机械冲击痕迹，表明在移动沙丘系统中长期运输。早期成土作用的特征，如化学溶解蚀刻和复杂的富铁和富氯铝硅酸盐沉淀的自生生长，不断改变这一原始表面。值得注意的是，最近灌溉农业的广泛扩张为第四纪的自然干湿循环提供了强有力的现代模拟。季节性的、人为引起的沙质基质的加湿为这些化学变化过程创造了所需的精确条件。该研究认为，Elfeija地质遗址不仅可以作为过去气候变化的高保真档案，而且可以作为研究干旱系统对现代人为强迫的地貌和成土响应的实时实验室。

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引用次数: 0

The potential of Sentinel-1 for monitoring forage productivity in Rangeland Ecosystems: A review Sentinel-1在草地生态系统牧草生产力监测中的潜力综述

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105494

Monde Rapiya , Nasiphi Ngcoliso , Mcebisi Qabaqaba , Wayne Truter , Abel Ramoelo

Rangelands are vital ecosystems that support forage production essential for livestock and biodiversity conservation, yet they face increasing degradation driven by anthropogenic pressures and climate variability. Remote sensing technologies offer scalable and non-destructive means to monitor forage productivity, with optical sensors limited by cloud cover and dense vegetation saturation. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), particularly from the Sentinel-1 constellation, provides all-weather, high-resolution data capable of capturing structural and moisture-related vegetation attributes. This review evaluates the potential of Sentinel-1 SAR data for assessing and monitoring forage productivity in rangeland ecosystems. It highlights recent applications demonstrating Sentinel-1's effectiveness in forage productivity estimation and its integration with optical sensors like Sentinel-2 to enhance monitoring accuracy. Despite its advantages, challenges such as spatial resolution constraints, ecological sensitivity, and complex data processing impede full operational deployment. Future directions emphasize advanced data fusion techniques, machine learning approaches, and enhanced preprocessing algorithms to optimize Sentinel-1's utility. Integrating SAR with optical datasets promises to facilitate scalable, cost-effective, and reliable rangeland management strategies, supporting sustainable forage utilization and ecosystem resilience. Therefore, governments, the private sector, and NGOs should invest in Earth Observation infrastructure and capacity-building to translate remote sensing into actionable policies that promote sustainable rangeland management, climate change adaptation, and food security.

牧场是重要的生态系统，支持对牲畜和生物多样性保护至关重要的饲料生产，但由于人为压力和气候变化，它们面临着日益严重的退化。遥感技术提供了可扩展和非破坏性的手段来监测饲料生产力，光学传感器受云层覆盖和茂密植被饱和度的限制。合成孔径雷达（SAR），特别是来自Sentinel-1星座的SAR，提供全天候、高分辨率的数据，能够捕获与结构和湿度相关的植被属性。本文综述了Sentinel-1 SAR数据在评估和监测草地生态系统牧草生产力方面的潜力。它强调了最近的应用，证明了Sentinel-1在牧草生产力估计方面的有效性，以及它与Sentinel-2等光学传感器的集成，以提高监测精度。尽管具有优势，但空间分辨率限制、生态敏感性和复杂的数据处理等挑战阻碍了全面的操作部署。未来的方向强调先进的数据融合技术、机器学习方法和增强的预处理算法，以优化Sentinel-1的效用。将SAR与光学数据集相结合，有望促进可扩展、具有成本效益和可靠的牧场管理策略，支持可持续的饲料利用和生态系统恢复力。因此，政府、私营部门和非政府组织应该投资于地球观测基础设施和能力建设，将遥感转化为可操作的政策，促进可持续的牧场管理、气候变化适应和粮食安全。

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引用次数: 0

Using spatial water balance to regionalize long-term mean streamflow in a data-scarce Brazilian semi-arid basin 利用空间水平衡对数据稀缺的巴西半干旱盆地长期平均流量进行区划

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105528

Arthur Kolling Neto , Rayssa Balieiro Ribeiro , Fernando Falco Pruski

The use of spatial data can enable the estimation of water availability in semi-arid regions with limited monitoring. This study evaluated regionalization models of long-term mean streamflow in the Paraguaçu river basin, Bahia state, using explanatory variables derived from measured data and spatial products of precipitation and actual evapotranspiration from TerraClimate. The potential model was fitted using multiple regression and evaluated through statistical, physical, and risk analyses. Long-term mean streamflow (Q_mlt) was estimated by univariate potential regionalization in hydrologically homogeneous sub-basins of the Paraguaçu river, comparing predictors based on drainage area (A), equivalent precipitation (Peq), and water balance (WB = P−AET) derived from observed data and spatial products (TerraClimate). Leave-one-station-out (LOSO) validation and a physical–hydrological verification via runoff coefficient along the river network indicated that A tends to overestimate flows in semiarid sectors; Peq improves the fit but ignores evapotranspiration losses; the spatial WB achieved the best overall performance and greater physical consistency. The model with entirely spatial WB showed the best results and the lowest hydrological risk for extrapolation. The approach, using open data and tools, is reproducible and useful for management in regions with sparse monitoring.

利用空间数据可以在监测有限的情况下估计半干旱区的可用水量。本文利用TerraClimate降水和实际蒸散发空间产品的解释变量，对巴伊亚州巴拉圭河流域长期平均流量区划模型进行了评价。使用多元回归拟合潜在模型，并通过统计、物理和风险分析进行评估。通过比较观测数据和空间产品（TerraClimate）得出的流域面积(A)、等效降水（Peq）和水平衡（WB = P−AET）的预测因子，对巴拉圭河水文均质次流域进行了单变量潜在区划，估算了长期平均流量（Qmlt）。LOSO验证和沿河网径流系数的物理水文验证表明，a倾向于高估半干旱区的流量；Peq改善了拟合，但忽略了蒸散损失；空间WB实现了最佳的整体性能和更大的物理一致性。全空间WB模型外推效果最好，水文风险最低。该方法使用开放数据和工具，具有可重复性，对监测较少的地区的管理很有用。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the fidelity of multi-satellite precipitation estimates for drought monitoring in a mountain water tower to arid basin system 山区水塔对干旱盆地系统多卫星降水监测的保真度评价

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105519

Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Moein Tosan , Rouzbeh Nazari , Masoud Vahabzadeh , Maryam Karimi , Ehsan Zarrinabadi

Accurate drought monitoring in topographically complex arid regions is critical for water security, especially in regions reliant on mountain water towers for agriculture and drinking water, but it is hindered by sparse rain gauge networks. While Satellite Precipitation Products (SPPs) offer a vital alternative, their comparative accuracy across the sharp topographic gradients from mountain water towers to arid basins remains a key knowledge gap. This study assesses four leading SPPs—IMERG-V07, PERSIANN-CDR, CHIRPS, and GSMaP-V8—in Isfahan, Iran, to provide a benchmark for their use in these complex environments. Validation is based on twenty years of data (2004–2023) from a dense 85-station network. The results showed IMERG-V07 and CHIRPS best captured local precipitation patterns. In contrast, PERSIANN-CDR exhibited a critical wet bias, overestimating precipitation by more than 14 mm/month during major drought periods, while GSMaP displayed a systematic dry bias. For drought monitoring with the standardized precipitation index (SPI), IMERG-V07 was clearly the most dependable, showing high correlation with ground data (r ≈ 0.98 for SPI-6) and reliably identifying drought events with few errors. These results offer a practical benchmark for SPP selection in similar landscapes and underscore that product-specific biases must be addressed to prevent misrepresenting hydrological risk.

在地形复杂的干旱地区，准确的干旱监测对水安全至关重要，特别是在农业和饮用水依赖山区水塔的地区，但由于雨量计网络稀疏，监测工作受到阻碍。虽然卫星降水产品（SPPs）提供了一个重要的替代方案，但它们在从山区水塔到干旱盆地的陡峭地形梯度上的相对准确性仍然是一个关键的知识空白。本研究评估了伊朗伊斯法罕的四种领先的sps - imergg - v07、persan - cdr、CHIRPS和gsmap - v8，为它们在这些复杂环境中的使用提供了基准。验证基于20年（2004-2023年）来自一个密集的85个站点网络的数据。结果表明，imergg - v07和CHIRPS最能捕获局地降水模式。相比之下，PERSIANN-CDR表现出严重的湿偏，在主要干旱期高估降水量超过14 mm/月，而GSMaP则表现出系统性的干偏。在标准化降水指数（SPI）干旱监测中，imergg - v07的可靠性最高，与地面数据的相关性较高（SPI -6的r≈0.98），能够可靠地识别干旱事件，误差较小。这些结果为在类似的景观中选择SPP提供了一个实用的基准，并强调必须解决产品特定的偏差，以防止误报水文风险。

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引用次数: 0

The Puntano rain gauge: A robust solution for rainfall data collection in harsh field conditions Puntano雨量计：在恶劣的野外条件下收集降雨数据的强大解决方案

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105520

Patricio N. Magliano , Marcos J. Niborski , Francisco Murray , María V. Petit , Maximiliano A. Gaurón , Ricardo A. Páez , Simón Alsina

Rainfall data is essential for conducting most field-based environmental studies. While the number of rainfall measurement stations and satellite estimations has increased substantially in recent decades, generating accurate time series remains a major challenge in arid, remote, or hard-to-access regions. Conventional rain gauges require either daily manual readings or frequent maintenance in the case of electronic devices. In this paper, we present the “Puntano rain gauge,” a robust and maintenance-free device designed to reliably measure rainfall under extreme environmental conditions. Depending on the site characteristics, Puntano can record continuous rainfall data for up to 2 years at hourly resolution. This performance is achieved through a water level difference method using pressure transducers, rather than conventional tipping bucket or drop-counting mechanisms. Puntano was validated against standard stations under real field conditions, demonstrating high accuracy at the event scale (R² = 0.98, p < 0.01), daily scale (R² = 0.92, p < 0.01), and hourly scale (R² = 0.82, p < 0.01). These results support Puntano as a suitable solution for rainfall monitoring in remote locations, harsh environments, and areas without internet connectivity.

降雨数据对于进行大多数实地环境研究是必不可少的。虽然近几十年来降雨量测量站和卫星估计的数量大大增加，但在干旱、偏远或难以进入的地区，产生准确的时间序列仍然是一个重大挑战。传统的雨量计需要每天手动读数，或者在电子设备的情况下需要经常维护。在本文中，我们介绍了“Puntano雨量计”，这是一种坚固且免维护的设备，旨在可靠地测量极端环境条件下的降雨量。根据站点的特点，Puntano可以以每小时的分辨率记录长达2年的连续降雨数据。这种性能是通过使用压力传感器的水位差法实现的，而不是传统的倾卸桶或滴水计数机制。Puntano在实际现场条件下对标准站进行了验证，在事件尺度（R2 = 0.98, p < 0.01）、日尺度（R2 = 0.92, p < 0.01）和小时尺度（R2 = 0.82, p < 0.01）上显示出很高的精度。这些结果支持Puntano作为偏远地区、恶劣环境和没有互联网连接地区降雨监测的合适解决方案。

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引用次数: 0