Journal of Arid Environments最新文献_第7页

Re-greening the Sahel? Evaluating tree cover restoration strategies in Niger 重新绿化萨赫勒地区？评价尼日尔的树木覆盖恢复战略

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105484

Fatima Wourro , Amah Akodewou , Justin Kassi N'dja , Bruno Hérault

In the Sahel, land degradation caused by climate variability and unsustainable human activities has led to soil erosion, declining fertility, and worsening food insecurity. To address this, large-scale restoration initiatives incorporating soil and water conservation (SWC) techniques and drought-resistant tree species have been implemented. This study evaluated the growth of 1564 trees from six species (Acacia nilotica, Acacia raddiana, Senegalia senegal, Vachellia seyal, Bauhinia rufescens, and Ziziphus mauritiana) on rehabilitated lands, using a Bayesian growth model to assess the effects of SWC structures, management practices, and geomorphological conditions. Among the SWC techniques studied—half-moons, trenches, bench terraces, stone bunds, and trench-bund combinations—half-moons proved most effective in enhancing tree growth (+12 %). Pediments provided the best conditions for tree development, outperforming plateaus and slopes. The absence of site management (guarding, replanting, and maintenance of plants and structures) decreased growth (−9 %). Sustainable reforestation in the Sahel requires integrating scientific knowledge with local expertise, adaptive strategies, and community involvement. A holistic approach that prioritizes effective SWC structures, suitable planting sites, and continuous management is crucial for restoring degraded lands, strengthening ecosystem resilience, and ensuring long-term success.

在萨赫勒地区，气候变化和不可持续的人类活动造成的土地退化导致土壤侵蚀、肥力下降和粮食不安全状况恶化。为了解决这个问题，已经实施了包括水土保持（SWC）技术和抗旱树种在内的大规模恢复计划。本研究利用贝叶斯生长模型，评估了6种树种1564棵树木（尼罗刺槐、金合欢、塞内加尔刺槐、沙叶刺槐、紫荆和毛里求斯紫皮）在恢复土地上的生长情况，评估了SWC结构、管理实践和地貌条件的影响。在研究的SWC技术中——半月、沟、梯田、石垄和沟垄组合——半月被证明对促进树木生长最有效（+ 12%）。山墙为树木的生长提供了最好的条件，优于高原和斜坡。缺乏场地管理（保护、重新种植和维护植物和结构）降低了生长（- 9%）。萨赫勒地区的可持续再造林需要将科学知识与当地专业知识、适应性战略和社区参与相结合。优先考虑有效的SWC结构、合适的种植地点和持续管理的整体方法对于恢复退化土地、增强生态系统恢复力和确保长期成功至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

The response of water-carbon coupling to drought stress in terrestrial ecosystems in China 中国陆地生态系统水碳耦合对干旱胁迫的响应

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105474

Xin Yuan , Liang Jiao , Qian Li , Ruhong Xue , Xuge Wang , Zhengdong Guo , Kuan Zhang

Extreme drought events have severely affected vegetation growth, but the responses of the water-carbon coupling process of vegetation in various climate zones in China to drought remain unclear. Therefore, based on WUE (Water Use Efficiency), we analyzed the responses and recovery capabilities of vegetation water-carbon coupling in various climate zones to drought stress. The results showed that 1) In terms of the drought lag time of the two, the warm and humid climate zone responds to drought events more slowly than the arid and semi-arid climate zone. On the optimal lag time, vegetation WUE and SPEI (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index) were generally negatively correlated across climate zones. 2) The cumulative water deficit in the previous period had a medium-term cumulative effect on the vegetation WUE process in arid and semi-arid climatic zones, and a short-term cumulative effect on the WUE process in warm-humid climatic zones. 3) The resilience curve which showed that the vegetation WUE of the semi-humid and alpine arid regions had a stronger resilience to drought stress with strong recovery ability. These findings reveal the mechanism of vegetation water-carbon coupling process in response to drought, and provide an important basis for in-depth study of vegetation memory effects and adaptation strategies.

极端干旱事件严重影响了植被的生长，但中国各气候带植被水碳耦合过程对干旱的响应尚不清楚。基于WUE (Water Use Efficiency)，分析了不同气候区植被水碳耦合对干旱胁迫的响应及恢复能力。结果表明：1)从干旱滞后时间上看，温暖湿润气候区对干旱事件的响应要慢于干旱半干旱气候区；在最佳滞后时间上，各气候带植被WUE与标准化降水蒸散发指数（SPEI）总体呈负相关。2)前期累积水分亏缺对干旱半干旱气候带植被水分利用效率过程具有中期累积效应，对暖湿气候带植被水分利用效率过程具有短期累积效应。3)恢复曲线表明，半湿润和高寒干旱区植被WUE对干旱胁迫具有较强的恢复能力。这些发现揭示了干旱条件下植被水碳耦合过程的机制，为深入研究植被记忆效应和适应策略提供了重要依据。

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引用次数: 0

Organic carbon stock between different grain sizes in Arenosols from the coastal dunes of Campeche Bay, Mexico 墨西哥坎佩切湾海岸沙丘砂砂中不同粒度的有机碳储量

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105469

Eliel Abimael Caamal Luna , Gustavo Enrique Mendoza-Arroyo , Víctor Manuel Ku-Quej , Jesús Chi-Quej , René Efraín Canché-Solís

Coastal sandy soils are dynamic, and so estimating their organic carbon sequestration capacity is crucial for restoration for the restoration of coastal ecosystems. We assessed the distribution of soil organic carbon stock between three grain sizes (1000, 500, and 250 μm) and three erosion conditions (low, medium and high) in sandy soils (Arenosols) on the coastal sand dunes of Campeche Bay. We analyzed particle size distribution, aboveground and belowground biomass, organic matter and the soil organic carbon contained in 1000, 500, and 250 μm grain size. Very coarse, coarse, and medium sand grains predominate on coastal dunes. Rhizomatous roots prevailed in the supratidal zones and were absent in the infratidal zones with high erosion. Soils under low erosion conditions maintained high organic carbon contents, highlighting the contribution of very coarse grains (1000 μm) for organic carbon sequestration. In conclusion, carbon sequestration is mainly associated with grain size – medium sand stores over 60 C ton/ha - and the contribution of both aboveground and belowground biomass, particularly rhizomatous roots, which play a crucial role in mitigating coastal erosion. Our findings suggest the need to focus our efforts on restoring coastal dunes given the provision of environmental services and high vulnerability to climate change.

海岸带沙质土壤是动态的，其固碳能力的估算对海岸带生态系统的恢复至关重要。研究了坎佩切湾沿海沙丘砂质土壤（Arenosols）土壤有机碳储量在1000、500和250 μm 3种粒径和低、中、高侵蚀条件下的分布规律。研究了1000、500和250 μm粒径土壤的粒径分布、地上和地下生物量、有机质和土壤有机碳含量。极粗、粗和中沙粒在海岸沙丘上占主导地位。根状根主要分布在潮上带，而在高侵蚀的潮下带不存在根状根。低侵蚀条件下土壤保持较高的有机碳含量，突出了极粗颗粒（1000 μm）对有机碳固存的贡献。综上所述，碳固存主要与颗粒大小（中等砂储量超过60℃/ t /ha）以及地上和地下生物量的贡献有关，特别是根茎根系，它们在缓解海岸侵蚀方面发挥着关键作用。我们的研究结果表明，鉴于提供环境服务和对气候变化的高度脆弱性，我们需要集中精力恢复沿海沙丘。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding how the Argan tree adapts its performance in a heterogeneous environment using wood anatomical and leaf functional traits 了解摩洛哥坚果树如何利用木材解剖和叶片功能特征适应其在异质环境中的表现

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105473

Jean-Frédéric Terral , Goeffrey Bédé , Laure Paradis , Sarah Ivorra , Jérôme Ros , Vincent Girard , Mohammed Ater , Bertrand Limier , Jalal Kassout

Plant responses to environmental factors—specifically, in this study, sap conduction potential, resource use, and photosynthetic capacity—generally involve the simultaneous variation of both independent or correlated traits. To better understand these responses, we develop an integrated approach that examines multiple functional dimensions, defined as groups of correlated phenotypic traits that reflect the constraints and trade-offs shaping the Argan tree phenotype. Our aim is to assess the Argan tree's ability to withstand ongoing climate change, particularly the significant increase in temperature and aridity. In this study, we focus on wood anatomical traits related to sap conduction and reserve storage, alongside structural and physiological leaf traits. To date, this combination of traits has not been systematically studied in the Argan tree. By integrating these functional dimensions, our approach allows us to identify key traits and trait combinations that explain the species' distribution and resilience to heterogeneous environmental and climatic stressors. Furthermore, it enables the identification of bioindicator characters that are sensitive to variations in biogeographical, geographical and climatic factors, facilitating the development of trait-based models of plasticity or adaptation of performances along environmental gradients. Ultimately, this study establishes the eco-functional foundations of the Argan tree, providing insights into its tolerance and resilience to drastic environmental changes. Given its ecological, anthropological and socio-economic significance, understanding the adaptive strategies of this emblematic woody species is crucial for predicting its future persistence under increasing environmental pressures.

植物对环境因子的响应——具体来说，在本研究中，包括汁液传导潜能、资源利用和光合能力——通常涉及独立或相关性状的同时变化。为了更好地理解这些反应，我们开发了一种综合的方法来检查多个功能维度，定义为反映塑造阿甘树表型的约束和权衡的相关表型性状组。我们的目的是评估阿甘树承受持续气候变化的能力，特别是温度和干旱的显著增加。在本研究中，我们重点研究了与树液传导和储备储存相关的木材解剖性状，以及叶片的结构和生理性状。迄今为止，这些性状的组合还没有在阿甘树中得到系统的研究。通过整合这些功能维度，我们的方法使我们能够确定解释物种分布和对异质环境和气候压力的恢复能力的关键性状和性状组合。此外，它还可以识别对生物地理、地理和气候因素变化敏感的生物指标特征，促进基于特征的可塑性模型或沿环境梯度的适应性模型的发展。最终，本研究建立了摩洛哥坚果树的生态功能基础，为其对剧烈环境变化的耐受性和恢复力提供了见解。鉴于其生态、人类学和社会经济意义，了解这一标志性木本物种的适应策略对于预测其在日益增加的环境压力下的未来持久性至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Long-term precipitation manipulation enhances carbon sink strength and differentially drives C3 / C4 species biomass in a desert steppe: Five-year results 长期降水操纵增强荒漠草原碳汇强度，差异驱动C3 / C4物种生物量：5年结果

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105467

Xinrui Liu , Zhongwu Wang , Guodong Han , Yuanyuan Cui , Dongjie Hou , Yahong Liu , Pablo Gregorini

Desert steppe ecosystems are very sensitive to climate change. Although precipitation is known to promote carbon exchange and biomass production, quantitative assessments of C₃/C₄ species dynamics and carbon-water coupling mechanisms under long-term precipitation manipulation remain limited. Here, we conduct a five-year rainfall control experiment in the Stipa breviflora desert in Inner Mongolia, China, employing four treatments: 50 % reduced precipitation, natural precipitation, 50 % increased precipitation, and 100 % (doubled) precipitation. We measured gas exchange in each plot with a portable photosynthesis system Li-6400 and measured aboveground biomass of C₃ and C₄ species during the growing season (May–October). The results demonstrated that elevated precipitation enhanced ecosystem carbon exchange, driven by a linear increase in C₃ species biomass, with a 100 % precipitation increase significantly strengthening carbon sink capacity. Conversely, the carbon sink function of C₄ species declined under drought (reduce precipitation by 50 %). These findings suggest that C₃ biomass dominates carbon-water coupling, while C₄ species buffers drought effects, collectively stabilizing ecosystems under extreme precipitation.

荒漠草原生态系统对气候变化非常敏感。虽然已知降水促进碳交换和生物量生产，但长期降水操纵下C3/C4物种动态和碳-水耦合机制的定量评估仍然有限。在内蒙古短花针茅荒漠进行了为期5年的降雨控制试验，采用减少50%降水、自然降水、增加50%降水和100%（加倍）降水4种处理。利用便携式光合系统Li-6400测量了每个地块的气体交换，并在生长季节（5 - 10月）测量了C3和C4物种的地上生物量。结果表明，降水增加促进了生态系统碳交换，在C3物种生物量线性增加的驱动下，降水量增加100%显著增强了碳汇容量。相反，干旱条件下C4树种的碳汇功能下降（降水减少50%）。这些结果表明，C3生物量主导碳水耦合，而C4物种缓冲干旱效应，共同稳定极端降水下的生态系统。

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引用次数: 0

Intraspecific genetic diversity matters: Genetic lineages of Solanum elaeagnifolium show contrasting responses to climate change across time 种内遗传多样性的问题：龙葵的遗传谱系显示不同时间对气候变化的不同反应

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105468

Franco Chiarini , Marisel A. Scaldaferro , Ana L. Chiapero , Gonzalo A. Camps , M. Cristina Acosta

Semiarid environments dominate southern South America. These regions are highly vulnerable to climate change and prone to undergo the consequent shifts in species distribution. Solanum elaeagnifolium is common in the Chaco and Monte ecoregions, where two distinct genetic lineages have been identified. This study aimed to determine whether these lineages are associated with different climatic conditions, to characterize their climatic niches, and to analyze their responses to past and future climate change. We used phylogeographic and ecological approaches. Individuals of S. elaeagnifolium were sequenced to determine their lineage; subsequently, we analyzed the bioclimatic envelope of each lineage and developed ecological niche models (ENMs) to reconstruct their current, historical, and potential future distributions, as well as to define their niches. One lineage, referred to as the yellow lineage, predominates in the lowland Dry Chaco and Monte ecoregions, while the other, hereafter the blue lineage, is more common in the Humid Chaco and in the Sierras Pampeanas within the Dry Chaco, likely reflecting differences in precipitation requirements. Niche comparisons between S. elaeagnifolium lineages showed that their niche overlap is likely due to chance. According to the ENM results, the yellow lineage has maintained a relatively stable distribution throughout glacial cycles, whereas the blue lineage shows more dynamic shifts. Future projections suggest a stable range for the blue lineage and a contraction for the yellow lineage. This study underscores the importance of considering intraspecific genetic and ecological variability to understand a species’ evolutionary history and ecological preferences, with implications for management and conservation.

南美洲南部主要是半干旱环境。这些地区极易受到气候变化的影响，因此容易发生物种分布的变化。龙葵在查科和蒙特地区很常见，在那里已经确定了两个不同的遗传谱系。本研究旨在确定这些谱系是否与不同的气候条件有关，表征它们的气候生态位，并分析它们对过去和未来气候变化的响应。我们使用了系统地理学和生态学方法。对三叶草进行了遗传序列测定；随后，我们分析了每个谱系的生物气候包络，并建立了生态位模型（ENMs）来重建它们的当前、历史和潜在的未来分布，并定义了它们的生态位。一个谱系，被称为黄色谱系，主要分布在低地的干查科和蒙特地区，而另一个谱系，以下称为蓝色谱系，在湿润查科和干查科内的山脉Pampeanas中更常见，可能反映了降水需求的差异。通过对竹叶系间生态位的比较，发现它们的生态位重叠可能是偶然的。根据ENM结果，黄色谱系在整个冰期循环中保持相对稳定的分布，而蓝色谱系则表现出更多的动态变化。未来的预测表明，蓝色谱系的范围稳定，黄色谱系的范围收缩。这项研究强调了考虑种内遗传和生态变异对了解物种进化史和生态偏好的重要性，对管理和保护具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

The role of the ouricuri palm (Syagrus coronata (Mart.) Becc.) in supporting epiphyte biodiversity in traditional Caatinga agricultural systems 棕榈（Syagrus coronata, Mart.）的作用Becc.)在支持传统Caatinga农业系统中附生植物的生物多样性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105471

Micheline Maria de Lima , Guilherme Ramos Demetrio , Eliane Maria de Sousa Nogueira , Ingrid Carolline Soares Tiburcio , Flávia Moura

Epiphytes play a crucial role in ecosystem functioning but are highly vulnerable to habitat loss, particularly in dryland biomes like the Caatinga. In agricultural landscapes, remnant trees can function as important refuges, maintaining biodiversity despite land-use changes. This study evaluates the role of the Ouricuri palm (Syagrus coronata) in sustaining epiphyte diversity within grazing areas of the Caatinga. We surveyed 244 palms across three sites in Alagoas, Brazil, assessing the relationships between palm traits and epiphyte richness using generalized linear models. Our results revealed that 218 (91 %) of the palms taller than 2 m hosted epiphyte species in their crowns. Epiphyte richness was high (S = 28) and not influenced by palm diameter or leaf number but declined with increasing plant height. Beta diversity partitioning revealed high species turnover, primarily driven by variations in phorophyte traits. Functional group analysis showed that true epiphytes were favored by intermediate-height palms, while generalist species dominated on taller ones. These findings highlight the ecological importance of remnant S. coronata palms for epiphyte conservation in anthropized landscapes. Preserving these palms can enhance habitat connectivity, mitigate biodiversity loss, and support a wildlife-friendly agricultural model in the Caatinga.

附生植物在生态系统功能中起着至关重要的作用，但极易受到栖息地丧失的影响，特别是在像Caatinga这样的旱地生物群落中。在农业景观中，残树可以作为重要的避难所，在土地利用变化的情况下保持生物多样性。本研究评价了在卡廷加放牧区内，棕榈（Syagrus coronata）在维持附生植物多样性中的作用。我们调查了巴西阿拉戈斯3个地点的244棵棕榈树，利用广义线性模型评估了棕榈树性状与附生植物丰富度之间的关系。结果表明，218株（91%）高于2 m的棕榈树在其树冠上有附生植物。附生植物丰富度高（S = 28），不受棕榈径和叶数的影响，但随着株高的增加而降低。β -多样性分配揭示了高的物种更替，这主要是由光合植物性状的变化所驱动的。功能群分析表明，中等高度的棕榈树以真附生植物为主，而较高的棕榈树以多面手植物为主。这些发现强调了在人类化景观中，残余冠状棕榈对附生植物保护的生态重要性。保护这些棕榈树可以加强栖息地的连通性，减轻生物多样性的丧失，并支持卡廷加的野生动物友好型农业模式。

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引用次数: 0

The expansion of poisonous weed Ligularia virgaurea leads to functional heterogeneity of nematode community 毒草柳条的扩张导致线虫群落功能的异质性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105464

Xiaoxuan Jiang , Anning Zhang , Ziyang Liu , Jiajia Wang , Yuxin Wang , Wei Qi , Shuyan Chen , Zi Yang , Jingwei Chen , Hanwen Cui , Beenish Naz , Hongxian Song , Shiyou Guo , Sa Xiao

Soil nematodes are an important component of underground communities and are highly sensitive to external disturbances and changes. Nitrogen deposition and dominant poisonous weeds are important factors contributing to global climate change. However, much less is known about the interaction between nitrogen deposition and poisonous weed on the taxonomic and functional diversity of nematode community on the Tibetan Plateau. We established a full factorial experiment between nitrogen addition treatment (nitrogen addition and ambient) with poisonous weed treatment (with Ligularia virgaurea and without Ligularia virgaurea) on the Tibetan Plateau. We quantified plant diversity, plant biomass, and edaphic properties to assess the effects of nitrogen addition and poisonous weed Ligularia virgaurea and their interactions on both taxonomic and functional alpha/beta diversity of soil nematode communities. Ligularia virgaurea indirectly decreased nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity through plant biomass (standardized path coefficients: −0.2146) and directly increased nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity (standardized path coefficients:0.1891 and 0.3470, respectively). Nitrogen addition directly (standardized path coefficients: −0.2069) and indirectly (through pH and plant biomass, standardized path coefficients: −0.3468 and 0.2144, respectively) affected nematode taxonomic and functional beta diversity. The interaction between Ligularia virgaurea and nitrogen addition indirectly decreased taxonomic and functional beta diversity through plant beta diversity (standardized path coefficients: 0.3665). Our results indicate a pattern of functional heterogeneity of nematode community following the expansion of poisonous weed Ligularia virgaurea, which highlights the important roles of poisonous weed in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem functions and provides an alternative to realize the comprehensive utilization of poisonous weeds on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.

土壤线虫是地下群落的重要组成部分，对外界干扰和变化高度敏感。氮沉降和优势毒草是导致全球气候变化的重要因素。通过定量分析植物多样性、生物量和土壤特性，评价氮肥添加和毒草对土壤线虫群落分类和功能α / β多样性的影响。甜瓜通过植物生物量间接降低线虫的分类和功能β多样性（标准化路径系数为- 0.2146），直接增加线虫的分类和功能β多样性（标准化路径系数分别为0.1891和0.3470）。氮的直接添加（标准化通径系数为- 0.2069）和间接添加（通过pH和植物生物量，标准化通径系数分别为- 0.3468和0.2144）影响了线虫的分类和功能多样性。加氮与黄橐吾的交互作用通过植物β多样性间接降低了植物的分类和功能β多样性（标准化通径系数为0.3665）。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of browsing intensity on argan trees in the Essaouira region of Morocco 浏览强度对摩洛哥索维拉地区摩洛哥坚果树的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105472

Boujemaa Fassih , Mohamed Ait-El-Mokhtar , Aicha Nait Douch , Abderrahim Boutasknit , Raja Ben-Laouane , Badia Aganchich , Said Wahbi

Pastoralism is a cornerstone of the argan forest ecosystem in Morocco, where the argan tree supports food production and livelihoods. However, overbrowsing threatens this ecosystem, underscoring the need for sustainable management strategies. This study assessed the impact of three browsing intensities on argan trees in the Essaouira region: no-browsing, moderate-browsing (managed browsing or the Agdal system), and heavy-browsing systems. Measurements of argan physiological and biochemical traits and soil parameters revealed significant differences among the three-browsing intensities. Heavily browsed argan trees exhibited reduced photosynthetic efficiency, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments content, and leaf area index, while no-browsing system maintained optimal performances. The Agdal strategy significantly enhanced plant health compared to heavy browsing, improving physiological indicators and soil quality. Soil traits including electrical conductivity, moisture, and organic matter and total nitrogen content were notably better under managed browsing, promoting healthier argan ecosystems. Additionally, browsing intensity affected leaf biochemistry: overbrowsing induced a decline in protein content, while it enhanced total soluble sugars, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide content, and antioxidant enzymes activity (catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenoloxidase), reflecting heightened stress responses. Overall, even if the non-browsed trees performed best, the moderate-browsing system (Agdal) may be the most suitable of the three browsing systems, since it will be able to meet goats’ feed needs while ensuring the sustainability of the argan forest ecosystem.

畜牧业是摩洛哥摩洛哥坚果森林生态系统的基石，摩洛哥坚果树支持着粮食生产和生计。然而，过度浏览威胁着这一生态系统，强调了可持续管理战略的必要性。本研究评估了三种浏览强度对索维拉地区摩洛哥坚果树的影响：无浏览、中度浏览（管理浏览或Agdal系统）和重度浏览系统。结果表明，在不同的浏览强度下，摩洛哥坚果的生理生化特性和土壤参数存在显著差异。重度浏览的坚果树的光合效率、气孔导度、光合色素含量和叶面积指数均较低，而无浏览的坚果树表现最佳。与重度浏览相比，Agdal策略显著提高了植物健康，改善了生理指标和土壤质量。土壤电导率、水分、有机质和全氮含量等性状在管理浏览下显著改善，促进了有机有机质生态系统的健康。此外，浏览强度还影响叶片生物化学：过度浏览导致蛋白质含量下降，而总可溶性糖、丙二醛和过氧化氢含量增加，抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶和多酚氧化酶）活性增加，反映出应激反应增强。总体而言，即使非浏览树木表现最好，中等浏览系统（Agdal）可能是三种浏览系统中最合适的，因为它将能够满足山羊的饲料需求，同时确保有机坚果林生态系统的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

Traditional irrigation knowledge for sustainable water resource management in arid Environments: Insights from the MENA region 干旱环境中可持续水资源管理的传统灌溉知识：来自中东和北非地区的见解

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2025.105466

Tarek Ben Hassen , Hamid El Bilali , Mohammad S. Allahyari , Chedli Baya Chatti

Integrating traditional irrigation knowledge with modern sustainable water management practices offers valuable solutions to water scarcity in arid regions. The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region faces significant climate challenges, including low rainfall, rising temperatures, and recurrent droughts. As sustainable agriculture requires harmony between humans and nature, managing scarce water resources is crucial for adapting to climate change and ensuring agricultural resilience in these arid environments. Communities in this region have historically addressed water scarcity by developing traditional and locally adapted irrigation techniques, such as Qanats and rainwater harvesting. These methods have been essential in conserving water resources and mitigating environmental stressors that impact agricultural productivity. This paper examines how traditional irrigation practices contribute to the sustainability and resilience of agricultural systems and the preservation of fragile arid ecosystems in the face of climate uncertainties. The study provides: (i) an analysis of water scarcity issues and the effects of climate change on arid ecosystems in the MENA region, (ii) an exploration of traditional irrigation knowledge and technologies, emphasizing their role in water conservation and ecosystem health, and (iii) a discussion of socio-economic, institutional, and technological barriers to broader adoption of these practices. Case studies from various MENA countries illustrate how traditional practices enhance resilience and support conservation efforts. The paper highlights the importance of culturally appropriate strategies integrating human dimensions into ecosystem management, fostering sustainable and adaptive solutions for the region's challenges.

将传统灌溉知识与现代可持续水资源管理实践相结合，为干旱地区的水资源短缺提供了宝贵的解决方案。中东和北非（MENA）地区面临着重大的气候挑战，包括降雨量少、气温上升和经常性干旱。由于可持续农业需要人与自然和谐相处，管理稀缺的水资源对于适应气候变化和确保农业在干旱环境中的恢复力至关重要。历史上，该地区的社区通过开发传统的和适合当地的灌溉技术来解决水资源短缺问题，例如坎坎井和雨水收集。这些方法对于节约水资源和减轻影响农业生产力的环境压力至关重要。本文研究了传统灌溉方式如何在气候不确定性面前促进农业系统的可持续性和复原力，以及保护脆弱的干旱生态系统。该研究提供：(i)分析缺水问题和气候变化对中东和北非地区干旱生态系统的影响；（ii）探索传统灌溉知识和技术，强调其在水资源保护和生态系统健康方面的作用；（iii）讨论广泛采用这些做法的社会经济、体制和技术障碍。来自中东和北非各国的案例研究说明了传统做法如何增强复原力并支持保护工作。本文强调了将人文因素纳入生态系统管理、促进可持续和适应性解决方案以应对该地区挑战的重要性。

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