Pub Date : 2024-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105280
Ulises Rosas , Jerónimo Reyes-Santiago , David Aquino , Omar Zorzano , José de Jesús Sánchez-González , Fernanda Guadalupe Chávez-Vallejo
When studying plant growth, often the below-ground section is overlooked, and only the above-ground portion is studied. In cacti this bias is emphasized because of the slow growth and high mortality of seedlings in natural, mostly arid environments. Yet, little is known about how cacti invest their resources in building the above- and below-ground sections of the plant. Here we address the issue by studying a range of species in the genus Mammillaria (Cactaceae), and found a diversity of strategies, even in closely related lineages. Taking the forms and shapes of these species, we also proposed growth forms as seedling and as adult plants, discussing that despite being small cacti, Mammillaria species explore an ample diversity of growth forms. Finally, we investigated the prevalence of species to edaphic and landform factors, and found little evidence of a norm among Mammillaria species. Together our results show the interesting diversity in the Mammillaria genus that can be explored for functional and ecological studies in cacti.
{"title":"Resource allocation below- and above-ground organs and their association to the environment in Mammillaria Haw. (Cactaceae)","authors":"Ulises Rosas , Jerónimo Reyes-Santiago , David Aquino , Omar Zorzano , José de Jesús Sánchez-González , Fernanda Guadalupe Chávez-Vallejo","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When studying plant growth, often the below-ground section is overlooked, and only the above-ground portion is studied. In cacti this bias is emphasized because of the slow growth and high mortality of seedlings in natural, mostly arid environments. Yet, little is known about how cacti invest their resources in building the above- and below-ground sections of the plant. Here we address the issue by studying a range of species in the genus <em>Mammillaria</em> (Cactaceae), and found a diversity of strategies, even in closely related lineages. Taking the forms and shapes of these species, we also proposed growth forms as seedling and as adult plants, discussing that despite being small cacti, <em>Mammillaria</em> species explore an ample diversity of growth forms. Finally, we investigated the prevalence of species to edaphic and landform factors, and found little evidence of a norm among <em>Mammillaria</em> species. Together our results show the interesting diversity in the <em>Mammillaria</em> genus that can be explored for functional and ecological studies in cacti.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105277
Begoña A. Farizo , Miguel Sevilla-Callejo , Mario Soliño , Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano , Juan I. López-Moreno , Angelina Lázaro-Alquézar , Conor Murphy , Sam Grainger , Tobias Conradt , Hongxiao Jin , Boris Boincean
Drought is a complex natural hazard increasing in frequency, duration, and severity worldwide. Although droughts cause both market and non-market impacts, the latter suffers from a dearth of economic studies quantifying their magnitude. In this paper, we investigated how droughts affect selected ecosystem services expected to result in welfare losses in Spain. This study is aimed at quantifying and simulating societal losses given the expected potential increase in drought severity in the coming decades. We estimated a Discrete Choice Latent Class Model by which we distinguished three broad classes of individuals. The common behavior across all classes is that people consistently choose to avoid the negative effects of droughts. However, there are substantial differences among the three classes; while class 1 chooses options regardless of cost, even when selecting the most expensive ones, the other two classes account for the size of the payment. Moreover, health and water use restrictions have been decisive factors in individuals' choices. We have also observed that the perception of climate change is related to individual decisions. We quantified the enormous damage drought causes to societal well-being. Policymakers should take this information into account when addressing the increasing likelihood of extreme weather events.
{"title":"Valuing drought impact mitigation on ecosystem services in a Mediterranean country","authors":"Begoña A. Farizo , Miguel Sevilla-Callejo , Mario Soliño , Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano , Juan I. López-Moreno , Angelina Lázaro-Alquézar , Conor Murphy , Sam Grainger , Tobias Conradt , Hongxiao Jin , Boris Boincean","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought is a complex natural hazard increasing in frequency, duration, and severity worldwide. Although droughts cause both market and non-market impacts, the latter suffers from a dearth of economic studies quantifying their magnitude. In this paper, we investigated how droughts affect selected ecosystem services expected to result in welfare losses in Spain. This study is aimed at quantifying and simulating societal losses given the expected potential increase in drought severity in the coming decades. We estimated a Discrete Choice Latent Class Model by which we distinguished three broad classes of individuals. The common behavior across all classes is that people consistently choose to avoid the negative effects of droughts. However, there are substantial differences among the three classes; while class 1 chooses options regardless of cost, even when selecting the most expensive ones, the other two classes account for the size of the payment. Moreover, health and water use restrictions have been decisive factors in individuals' choices. We have also observed that the perception of climate change is related to individual decisions. We quantified the enormous damage drought causes to societal well-being. Policymakers should take this information into account when addressing the increasing likelihood of extreme weather events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105276
Gil Gambash , Gideon Avni , Guy Bar-Oz
This article examines the Negev road-economy from the rise of the Nabatean civilization to the Early Islamic period (3rd C. BCE – 9th C. CE), focusing on the region's complex commerce networks, which connected between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean basin and, more broadly, between east and west. We discuss the economy of goods-transportation within the system of Negev connectivity, and we propose to update the limiting boundary lines imposed by the title ‘The Nabatean Incense Route’ on the medium connecting between Aila, Petra and Gaza. Our main aims are: to emphasize the longevity of the system, which functioned long before and after the floruit of the Nabatean society; to highlight the wide and colorful array of participants – other than the Nabateans themselves – who were acting within the system for their respective commercial purposes; to demonstrate the wealth of goods which was transported by means of the system in both directions – far beyond incense or even spice and aromatics more broadly; and to show how transportation itself was carried out throughout the system along networks of roads and hubs, rather than through a single, linear road.
{"title":"Think outside the road: Negev connectivity beyond the ‘Nabatean incense route’","authors":"Gil Gambash , Gideon Avni , Guy Bar-Oz","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article examines the Negev road-economy from the rise of the Nabatean civilization to the Early Islamic period (3rd C. BCE – 9th C. CE), focusing on the region's complex commerce networks, which connected between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean basin and, more broadly, between east and west. We discuss the economy of goods-transportation within the system of Negev connectivity, and we propose to update the limiting boundary lines imposed by the title ‘The Nabatean Incense Route’ on the medium connecting between Aila, Petra and Gaza. Our main aims are: to emphasize the longevity of the system, which functioned long before and after the <em>floruit</em> of the Nabatean society; to highlight the wide and colorful array of participants – other than the Nabateans themselves – who were acting within the system for their respective commercial purposes; to demonstrate the wealth of goods which was transported by means of the system in both directions – far beyond incense or even spice and aromatics more broadly; and to show how transportation itself was carried out throughout the system along networks of roads and hubs, rather than through a single, linear road.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105278
Abdullah Sukkar , Ammar Abulibdeh , Sara Essoussi , Dursun Zafer Seker
Over the last decades, The Northeast part of Syria (NES) has been significantly affected by multiple drought events, which are exacerbated by armed conflict and climate variations. In this study, the spatiotemporal effects of climate fluctuations on drought episodes and agricultural areas in NES from 2000 to 2023 were examined by utilizing diverse meteorological parameters combined with the normalized difference vegetation index. The relationships between the change in climatic variables and vegetation cover alterations were determined by performing different statistical methods, such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The results indicated a significant decrease in the agricultural area, especially in recent years, accompanied by a notable increase in the precipitation levels. Moreover, there has been a substantial increase in temperatures, particularly in the minimum temperatures. The results also indicate that drought severity and frequency have increased since the armed conflict despite the area receiving higher precipitation amounts, highlighting the role and impacts of violence. Therefore, we recommend further research on how different vegetation species have been affected by climate change and armed conflict, defining specific growing seasons for each vegetation species, and creating land use land cover maps to understand the spatial alteration of these types better.
{"title":"Investigating the impacts of climate variations and armed conflict on drought and vegetation cover in Northeast Syria (2000–2023)","authors":"Abdullah Sukkar , Ammar Abulibdeh , Sara Essoussi , Dursun Zafer Seker","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last decades, The Northeast part of Syria (NES) has been significantly affected by multiple drought events, which are exacerbated by armed conflict and climate variations. In this study, the spatiotemporal effects of climate fluctuations on drought episodes and agricultural areas in NES from 2000 to 2023 were examined by utilizing diverse meteorological parameters combined with the normalized difference vegetation index. The relationships between the change in climatic variables and vegetation cover alterations were determined by performing different statistical methods, such as the Pearson correlation coefficient and Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The results indicated a significant decrease in the agricultural area, especially in recent years, accompanied by a notable increase in the precipitation levels. Moreover, there has been a substantial increase in temperatures, particularly in the minimum temperatures. The results also indicate that drought severity and frequency have increased since the armed conflict despite the area receiving higher precipitation amounts, highlighting the role and impacts of violence. Therefore, we recommend further research on how different vegetation species have been affected by climate change and armed conflict, defining specific growing seasons for each vegetation species, and creating land use land cover maps to understand the spatial alteration of these types better.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105275
Raphael Cantillana , José Luis Molina , Irene Iniesta-Arandia
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Bringing water values into play in the Atacama desert water crisis” [J. Arid Environ. (2024) 1–12 105256]","authors":"Raphael Cantillana , José Luis Molina , Irene Iniesta-Arandia","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105275","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142560567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105262
A. Nigel Goring-Morris, Anna Belfer-Cohen
Research in the arid margins of the Southern Levant has revealed a series of cultural entities related to and interacting with analogues in the more mesic Mediterranean zone. These terminal Pleistocene (Epipalaeolithic) and early Holocene (Pre-Pottery Neolithic) foraging entities display clearly local traits reflecting restricted networking and adaptations at times when environmental conditions deteriorated, and the connections with contemporaneous cultural entities farther afield weakened, combined with connections with the wider pan-regional cultural entities. By examining the specific example of the short-lived Late Epipalaeolithic Harifian culture we attempt to illustrate the manner in which local social behaviours in the landscapes of the arid margins may have contributed to maximizing and prolonging cultural adaptations there especially during periods of variable, yet generally challenging environmental conditions during the Younger Dryas (YD), with a greater degree of isolation from the 'sown land'. Ultimately, a threshold was reached towards the end of the YD, and the Harifian adaptation ceased to be viable, so they had little choice but to abandon their former territories in the Negev and northern Sinai to more favourable environmental conditions, near and, perhaps, far. Speculatively, having to merge with different groups as conditions there were not improving and 'packing' was tight, may have contributed to the emergence of large-scale 'archaic' villages of the PPNA.
{"title":"When environment meets culture in the arid margin of the Southern Levant","authors":"A. Nigel Goring-Morris, Anna Belfer-Cohen","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research in the arid margins of the Southern Levant has revealed a series of cultural entities related to and interacting with analogues in the more mesic Mediterranean zone. These terminal Pleistocene (Epipalaeolithic) and early Holocene (Pre-Pottery Neolithic) foraging entities display clearly local traits reflecting restricted networking and adaptations at times when environmental conditions deteriorated, and the connections with contemporaneous cultural entities farther afield weakened, combined with connections with the wider pan-regional cultural entities. By examining the specific example of the short-lived Late Epipalaeolithic Harifian culture we attempt to illustrate the manner in which local social behaviours in the landscapes of the arid margins may have contributed to maximizing and prolonging cultural adaptations there especially during periods of variable, yet generally challenging environmental conditions during the Younger Dryas (YD), with a greater degree of isolation from the 'sown land'. Ultimately, a threshold was reached towards the end of the YD, and the Harifian adaptation ceased to be viable, so they had little choice but to abandon their former territories in the Negev and northern Sinai to more favourable environmental conditions, near and, perhaps, far. Speculatively, having to merge with different groups as conditions there were not improving and 'packing' was tight, may have contributed to the emergence of large-scale 'archaic' villages of the PPNA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142552945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recurring streamflow drought is a significant problem, and it is necessary to comprehend the spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of historical droughts in order to manage future water supplies effectively. Drought has significant and often severe effects on semi-arid and arid zones due to the already limited availability of water in these regions. Therefore, this research examines streamflow drought fluctuations in India's second-largest basin, the Godavari. The Godavari Basin experiences diverse climatic conditions ranging from humid in the Western Ghats to semi-arid in central and western regions. Frequent hydrological droughts have plagued the Godavari basin. Still, the impact of human activities and climate change on the streamflow drought characteristics in the Godavari basin has not been thoroughly investigated. Further, assessing the regional control of streamflow drought deficit and intensity in a large river basin like Godavari is crucial. The findings show that streamflow drought is worst in central and eastern Godavari. Additionally, dammed and undammed locations have different streamflow drought characteristics. Droughts have lengthened in dam-affected areas. However, regions without dams have seen more deficit and intensity. Thus, different sustainable water management techniques are needed for the dammed and undammed regions of the Godavari basin.
{"title":"Hydrological dichotomy: Streamflow drought in dammed vs. undammed regions of the largest Indian Peninsular basin","authors":"Meghomala Ghosal , Somil Swarnkar , Vikas Poonia , Soumya Kundu , Shreejit Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recurring streamflow drought is a significant problem, and it is necessary to comprehend the spatiotemporal patterns and driving factors of historical droughts in order to manage future water supplies effectively. Drought has significant and often severe effects on semi-arid and arid zones due to the already limited availability of water in these regions. Therefore, this research examines streamflow drought fluctuations in India's second-largest basin, the Godavari. The Godavari Basin experiences diverse climatic conditions ranging from humid in the Western Ghats to semi-arid in central and western regions. Frequent hydrological droughts have plagued the Godavari basin. Still, the impact of human activities and climate change on the streamflow drought characteristics in the Godavari basin has not been thoroughly investigated. Further, assessing the regional control of streamflow drought deficit and intensity in a large river basin like Godavari is crucial. The findings show that streamflow drought is worst in central and eastern Godavari. Additionally, dammed and undammed locations have different streamflow drought characteristics. Droughts have lengthened in dam-affected areas. However, regions without dams have seen more deficit and intensity. Thus, different sustainable water management techniques are needed for the dammed and undammed regions of the Godavari basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105273"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105274
Meshal Abdullah , Ammar Abulibdeh , Sophia Ghanimeh , Helmi Hamdi , Hezam Al- Awah , Talal Al-Awadhi , Midhun Mohan , Zahraa Al-Ali , Abdullah Sukkar , Ahmed M. El Kenawy
This study aims to measure changes in climatic factors and their relationship to vegetation growth in Qatar to develop a plant-climate characterization for native desert plants. By analyzing Landsat satellite images from 1985 to 2022 and their relation to rainfall patterns, we found significant impacts of climatic variables on vegetation coverage, particularly after 1990. Increased drought seasons correlated with changes in annual temperature, dew point, and soil temperature. Vegetation growth depended not only on rainfall amount but also on the number of rainfall events and accumulation. Optimal rainfall events per year ranged from 10 to 15, with 70 mm being the threshold for healthy vegetation growth. However, the probability of rainfall events over 80 mm was less than 5%, while low rainfall seasons (1–17 mm) were more likely (90–99% chance). Additionally, vegetation cover varied between protected sites, indicating the complexity of arid lands influenced by factors like topography and soil type. These findings suggest a continued decrease in vegetation coverage, leading to more drought seasons and impacting water and food security. We recommend further research on supplementary irrigation to support native species, understand their seasonal growth stages, and better comprehend soil-plant-water connections and water requirements. This study's findings will also inform strategies for managing water resources in protected areas and help in designing policies aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate change on Qatar's fragile desert ecosystems.
{"title":"Characterizing the dynamics of climate and native desert plants in Qatar","authors":"Meshal Abdullah , Ammar Abulibdeh , Sophia Ghanimeh , Helmi Hamdi , Hezam Al- Awah , Talal Al-Awadhi , Midhun Mohan , Zahraa Al-Ali , Abdullah Sukkar , Ahmed M. El Kenawy","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to measure changes in climatic factors and their relationship to vegetation growth in Qatar to develop a plant-climate characterization for native desert plants. By analyzing Landsat satellite images from 1985 to 2022 and their relation to rainfall patterns, we found significant impacts of climatic variables on vegetation coverage, particularly after 1990. Increased drought seasons correlated with changes in annual temperature, dew point, and soil temperature. Vegetation growth depended not only on rainfall amount but also on the number of rainfall events and accumulation. Optimal rainfall events per year ranged from 10 to 15, with 70 mm being the threshold for healthy vegetation growth. However, the probability of rainfall events over 80 mm was less than 5%, while low rainfall seasons (1–17 mm) were more likely (90–99% chance). Additionally, vegetation cover varied between protected sites, indicating the complexity of arid lands influenced by factors like topography and soil type. These findings suggest a continued decrease in vegetation coverage, leading to more drought seasons and impacting water and food security. We recommend further research on supplementary irrigation to support native species, understand their seasonal growth stages, and better comprehend soil-plant-water connections and water requirements. This study's findings will also inform strategies for managing water resources in protected areas and help in designing policies aimed at mitigating the impacts of climate change on Qatar's fragile desert ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105271
Maiara Pedral dos Santos , Matheus Magalhães Silva Moura , Alexandre de Siqueira Pinto , Aldo Torres Sales , Eunice Maia de Andrade , Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes , Claudinei Oliveira dos Santos , Antônio Samuel Alves da Silva
In addition to its ecological importance, the Caatinga biome, one of the most extensive seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) in the world, has a relevant socioeconomic role as it is used as a primary natural resource by local communities. However, inadequate ecosystem management practices have resulted in gradual loss of natural vegetation in this ecosystem. Carbon stock estimation is a parameter that can contribute as a support tool for managing and maintaining the few remaining natural vegetated areas. In this study, we calibrated and validated the CENTURY model to simulate carbon stocks in areas of the Caatinga, in the state of Pernambuco, and compared the predictive capacity of the CENTURY model with available estimates. In the validation dataset, the average for biomass stocks was 33.1 Mg C ha−1, this value is close to those observed in the literature for the region. The model also performed well when estimating carbon stocks in the soil (r2 = 0.79, p = 0.017). Ecosystem modeling combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a promising tool for estimating carbon stocks in the Caatinga, where field sampling campaigns are generally expensive and have scarce research funding opportunities. Furthermore, it also allows the evaluation of the effect of environmental changes on C stocks in long-term studies, which is essential for creating and implementing public policies to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem. However, additional efforts are needed to improve C estimates, especially in areas with a strongly negative water balance.
卡廷加生物群落是世界上最广阔的季节性干旱热带森林（SDTF）之一，除了具有重要的生态意义外，还具有相关的社会经济作用，因为当地社区将其作为主要的自然资源。然而，不当的生态系统管理措施导致该生态系统中的天然植被逐渐消失。碳储量估算是一个有助于管理和维护所剩无几的天然植被区的辅助工具参数。在这项研究中，我们对 CENTURY 模型进行了校准和验证，以模拟伯南布哥州卡廷加地区的碳储量，并将 CENTURY 模型的预测能力与现有的估计值进行了比较。在验证数据集中，生物量存量的平均值为 33.1 兆克碳/公顷-1，这一数值与该地区的文献观测值相近。该模型在估算土壤中的碳储量时也表现良好（r2 = 0.79，p = 0.017）。生态系统建模与地理信息系统（GIS）相结合，是估算卡廷加区碳储量的一个很有前途的工具，因为在卡廷加区，野外取样活动一般都很昂贵，研究经费也很少。此外，它还能在长期研究中评估环境变化对碳储量的影响，这对制定和实施公共政策以减轻和适应气候变化对生态系统的影响至关重要。不过，还需要做出更多努力来改进碳储量的估算，尤其是在水量负平衡严重的地区。
{"title":"Estimation of carbon stocks in the areas of a seasonally dry tropical forest in the Brazilian semi-arid region","authors":"Maiara Pedral dos Santos , Matheus Magalhães Silva Moura , Alexandre de Siqueira Pinto , Aldo Torres Sales , Eunice Maia de Andrade , Rômulo Simões Cezar Menezes , Claudinei Oliveira dos Santos , Antônio Samuel Alves da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In addition to its ecological importance, the Caatinga biome, one of the most extensive seasonally dry tropical forests (SDTF) in the world, has a relevant socioeconomic role as it is used as a primary natural resource by local communities. However, inadequate ecosystem management practices have resulted in gradual loss of natural vegetation in this ecosystem. Carbon stock estimation is a parameter that can contribute as a support tool for managing and maintaining the few remaining natural vegetated areas. In this study, we calibrated and validated the CENTURY model to simulate carbon stocks in areas of the Caatinga, in the state of Pernambuco, and compared the predictive capacity of the CENTURY model with available estimates. In the validation dataset, the average for biomass stocks was 33.1 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup>, this value is close to those observed in the literature for the region. The model also performed well when estimating carbon stocks in the soil (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.79, p = 0.017). Ecosystem modeling combined with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a promising tool for estimating carbon stocks in the Caatinga, where field sampling campaigns are generally expensive and have scarce research funding opportunities. Furthermore, it also allows the evaluation of the effect of environmental changes on C stocks in long-term studies, which is essential for creating and implementing public policies to mitigate and adapt to the impacts of climate change on the ecosystem. However, additional efforts are needed to improve C estimates, especially in areas with a strongly negative water balance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105271"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105272
Gonche Girma , Abebaw Shimeles
Policymakers and other planners often discuss woodfuel production in relation to environmental sustainability, energy, and livelihood. There is a growing awareness of the negative environmental impacts of woodfuel, such as deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relationship between woodfuel production and other socio-economic and livelihood issues has been less explored. This study aims to investigate the socioeconomic implications of woodfuel production in Ethiopia's dry woodlands. A total of 1114 respondents were selected from households that produce woodfuel and those that do not. Data was collected through key informant interviews, focus groups, and household surveys. The study examined the impact of woodfuel production on total annual cash income and overall livelihood assets using a propensity score matching (PSM) model. Woodfuel contributes significantly to household income, with charcoal accounting for 35.9% and firewood for 6.6% of total yearly cash income. On average, woodfuel makes up between 4.5% and 70% of total yearly cash revenue for households. The impact of woodfuel production on households' yearly cash income and overall livelihood assets was Ethiopian Birr 21,673.63($387) and Ethiopian Birr 10,304.21($184), respectively. The findings suggest that organizations and planners should prioritize sustainable woodfuel production by balancing socioeconomic, institutional, and technological with environmental impacts.
{"title":"Socio-economic impact of Woodfuel production in dryland environment of Ethiopia","authors":"Gonche Girma , Abebaw Shimeles","doi":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jaridenv.2024.105272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policymakers and other planners often discuss woodfuel production in relation to environmental sustainability, energy, and livelihood. There is a growing awareness of the negative environmental impacts of woodfuel, such as deforestation and greenhouse gas emissions. However, the relationship between woodfuel production and other socio-economic and livelihood issues has been less explored. This study aims to investigate the socioeconomic implications of woodfuel production in Ethiopia's dry woodlands. A total of 1114 respondents were selected from households that produce woodfuel and those that do not. Data was collected through key informant interviews, focus groups, and household surveys. The study examined the impact of woodfuel production on total annual cash income and overall livelihood assets using a propensity score matching (PSM) model. Woodfuel contributes significantly to household income, with charcoal accounting for 35.9% and firewood for 6.6% of total yearly cash income. On average, woodfuel makes up between 4.5% and 70% of total yearly cash revenue for households. The impact of woodfuel production on households' yearly cash income and overall livelihood assets was Ethiopian Birr 21,673.63($387) and Ethiopian Birr 10,304.21($184), respectively. The findings suggest that organizations and planners should prioritize sustainable woodfuel production by balancing socioeconomic, institutional, and technological with environmental impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Arid Environments","volume":"225 ","pages":"Article 105272"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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