Journal of Arid Environments最新文献

Contributions of climatic and hydrological factors to vegetation changes in the Chaobai River Basin, China, during 2006–2023 2006-2023年潮白河流域气候水文因子对植被变化的贡献

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105556

Xinde Li , Zenghui Pan

The growth dynamics of vegetation are crucial to regional ecological security and are highly sensitive to climate change and hydrological processes. However, the contributions of climatic and hydrological factors to vegetation changes have not been fully quantified, particularly in water-constrained basins. Utilizing multi-source remote sensing and ground observation data from the Chaobai River Basin, China (2006–2023), this study systematically analyzed the spatio-temporal evolution of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and evaluated the relative contributions of climatic factors (temperature, T; precipitation, P), hydrological elements (soil moisture storage anomalies, ΔSMS; groundwater storage anomalies, ΔGWS), and human activities. The results demonstrate that: (1) Growing-season NDVI showed a significant upward trend (average increase 0.0042 yr⁻¹, P < 0.01), with 85.87 % of the area experiencing significant greening; (2) NDVI was widely positively correlated with ΔSMS (93.66 % of area), but strongly negatively correlated with ΔGWS (95.19 %); (3) A residual trend attribution analysis revealed that hydrological elements were the dominant drivers, with contributions from ΔGWS (60.78 %) and ΔSMS (23.20 %) far exceeding those of T (8.28 %), P (2.95 %), and human activities (4.79 %). This study highlights vegetation's dependence on groundwater depletion in water-limited settings and underscores the critical need to reconcile ecological restoration with sustainable groundwater management.

植被生长动态对区域生态安全至关重要，对气候变化和水文过程高度敏感。然而，气候和水文因素对植被变化的贡献尚未完全量化，特别是在水资源匮乏的流域。利用2006-2023年潮白河流域多源遥感和地面观测资料，系统分析了该流域植被归一化差异指数（NDVI）的时空演变特征，并评价了气候因子（温度，T；降水，P）、水文要素（土壤水分异常，ΔSMS；地下水蓄水异常，ΔGWS）和人类活动对NDVI的相对贡献。结果表明：①生长季NDVI呈显著上升趋势（平均增加0.0042 yr−1,P < 0.01）， 85.87%的面积显著绿化；(2) NDVI与ΔSMS（面积的93.66%）呈广泛正相关，与ΔGWS呈强烈负相关（面积的95.19%）；(3)残差趋势归因分析显示，水文要素是主要驱动因素，ΔGWS（60.78%）和ΔSMS（23.20%）的贡献率远远超过T（8.28%）、P（2.95%）和人类活动（4.79%）。这项研究强调了在水资源有限的环境下植被对地下水枯竭的依赖，并强调了协调生态恢复与可持续地下水管理的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

The illusion of spectral greening: Unveiling the hidden transformation of agricultural land use in an arid peri-urban landscape of central Iran 光谱绿化的错觉：揭示伊朗中部干旱的城郊景观中农业用地的隐藏转变

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105560

Ali Asgarian

This study investigates the paradox of landscape greening amidst agricultural output decline in a transforming arid agricultural region west of Isfahan, Iran (2009–2024). We tested the hypothesis that spectral greening masks a systemic shift from productive farming to non-productive land uses. Using a mixed-methods approach, we integrated official agricultural production statistics with Landsat-derived land cover classification and developed novel indices to quantify the decoupling between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and agricultural yield. Validation analyses confirmed that the indices were numerically stable and robust to uncertainty (coefficient of variation <4 %), while the NDVI–production elasticity (E = −1.83, p = 0.009) revealed a strong inverse coupling between greenness and productivity. Our results showed a marked divergence: mean NDVI increased by 16.3 % as total agricultural production declined by 23 % (−27,614 t), driven by a 32.5 % reduction in cropland area and a 121 % expansion of tree cover. The Productivity-per-NDVI index decreased from 139.1 to 100.9, underscoring a decline in economic output per unit of greenness. Together, these findings expose a spectral illusion of sustainability, where apparent greening signifies a structural transformation toward non-productive landscapes—underscoring the urgent need for agricultural monitoring systems that differentiate ecological vigor from economic viability.

本研究探讨了2009-2024年伊朗伊斯法罕西部转型干旱农业区农业产出下降中景观绿化的悖论。我们测试了光谱绿化掩盖了从生产性农业到非生产性土地利用的系统性转变的假设。采用混合方法，我们将官方农业生产统计数据与landsat衍生的土地覆盖分类相结合，并开发了新的指数来量化归一化植被指数（NDVI）与农业产量之间的脱钩。验证分析证实，这些指标在数值上是稳定的，并且对不确定性（变异系数<； 4%）具有鲁强性，而ndvi -生产弹性（E = - 1.83, p = 0.009）显示绿色度与生产力之间存在很强的反向耦合。我们的研究结果显示了明显的差异：由于耕地面积减少32.5%，树木覆盖面积增加121%，农业总产量下降23% (- 27,614 t)，平均NDVI增加16.3%。每ndvi生产力指数从139.1下降到100.9，这表明每单位绿化的经济产出有所下降。总之，这些发现揭示了可持续性的光谱错觉，其中明显的绿化意味着向非生产性景观的结构转变，强调了迫切需要区分生态活力和经济可行性的农业监测系统。

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引用次数: 0

Copper mines in the Araba Valley (SE Israel & SW Jordan): Spatial distribution, site typology and new discoveries 阿拉巴谷（以色列东南部和约旦西南部）的铜矿：空间分布、遗址类型和新发现

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105557

Boaz Langford , Ilya Kutuzov , Amos Frumkin , Erez Ben-Yosef

The Araba Valley, spanning southeastern Israel and southwestern Jordan, was a major center of copper mining and smelting in antiquity. Located deep in the arid deserts of the southern Levant, the region retains one of the best-preserved archaeological records of metallurgical activity in the world. Copper production was concentrated in four principal industrial hubs: the Faynan region and Wadi Abu Khushayba in the eastern Araba, and the Timna Valley and Nahal Amram in the southwest. Beyond these well-known centers, the valley also contains a number of isolated mining sites that have received little scholarly attention. This study seeks to clarify the spatial organization and technological variability of copper mining in the Araba Valley, with particular emphasis on evaluating evidence for decentralized production beyond the major industrial complexes. We present detailed documentation of 14 mining sites with excavated volumes ranging from tens to thousands of cubic meters. Most of these mines are isolated, located at considerable distances from the principal production centers, and vary from small surface pits to extensive underground workings. Despite their peripheral locations, these mines likely played an important role in the regional copper industry, reflecting flexible, locally managed exploitation strategies and underscoring the significance of independent mining initiatives within the broader metallurgical landscape of the Araba Valley. More broadly, this study provides essential baseline data for understanding ancient copper production networks spanning the Mediterranean and beyond, from the Chalcolithic through the Late Islamic period.

阿拉巴河谷横跨以色列东南部和约旦西南部，是古代铜矿开采和冶炼的主要中心。该地区位于黎凡特南部干旱的沙漠深处，是世界上保存最完好的冶金活动考古记录之一。铜生产集中在四个主要工业中心：阿拉伯东部的Faynan地区和Wadi Abu Khushayba，以及西南部的Timna山谷和Nahal Amram。除了这些著名的中心，山谷中还有一些孤立的矿区，这些矿区很少受到学术界的关注。本研究旨在澄清阿拉巴河谷铜矿开采的空间组织和技术变异性，特别强调评价主要工业综合体以外分散生产的证据。我们提供了14个采矿地点的详细文件，挖掘量从数万立方米到数千立方米不等。这些矿山大多是孤立的，距离主要生产中心相当远，从小型的地表矿坑到广泛的地下矿坑不等。这些矿山虽然处于外围位置，但可能在区域铜工业中发挥了重要作用，反映了当地管理的灵活开采战略，并强调了在阿拉巴河谷更广泛的冶金景观中独立采矿倡议的重要性。更广泛地说，这项研究为了解从铜器时代到伊斯兰晚期跨越地中海及其他地区的古代铜生产网络提供了必要的基线数据。

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引用次数: 0

Immersion effects and flooding susceptibility index for Vachellia nilotica trees in Remaila Riverine Reserved Forest, Sudan 苏丹雷迈拉河保护区尼罗伐利亚乔木的浸没效应及水浸敏感性指数

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105559

Elmugheira M.I. Mohammed , Elharith A.A. Hagr , Ammar K.M. Ahmed , Difo V. Harouna

Riparian forests are biodiversity rich ecosystems supporting various plant and animal communities and habitats. While these unique ecosystems have been frequently influenced by flooding and human disturbances, little is known about their response to high flooding and prolonged immersion. We fill this gap by exploring the influence of flooding and prolonged immersion on the density of Vachellia nilotica seedlings in Remaila Riverine Reserved Forest (RRRF). The study developed flooding susceptibility maps, identified sites with prolonged immersion, and explored the dendrometric characteristics of adult trees in the reserve based on systematic forest inventory approach and remotely sensed data. Results show that >50 % of RRRF subjected to high flooding waves resulting in diversified vegetation cover and NDVI values. The highly flooded sites have higher density of V. nilotica seedlings than low and very low ones. Moreover, the dendrometric and stand characteristics of V. nilotica trees exhibited notable differences between the very high and low susceptibility classes, particularly for crown width, basal area and volume. This vigorous regeneration of V. nilotica in flooded sites is supported by the species adaptability to prolonged immersion and flooding period, which can be used as a key factor to restore degraded environments with similar conditions.

河岸林是生物多样性丰富的生态系统，支持各种动植物群落和栖息地。虽然这些独特的生态系统经常受到洪水和人为干扰的影响，但人们对它们对高洪水和长时间浸泡的反应知之甚少。本研究通过探讨洪水和长时间浸水对雷迈拉河流域保护区（RRRF）瓦希利亚（Vachellia nilotica）幼苗密度的影响来填补这一空白。基于系统森林清查方法和遥感数据，建立了洪涝易感性图，确定了长时间浸没的地点，并探讨了保护区成树的树木特征。结果表明：50%的高洪波区植被覆盖度和NDVI值呈现多样性；高淹地的尼罗花幼苗密度高于低淹地和极低淹地。此外，高、低易感等级之间的树木结构和林分特征存在显著差异，尤其是冠宽、基面积和体积。水淹地nilotica对长时间浸水和水淹期的适应性支持了其旺盛的再生能力，这可以作为恢复类似退化环境的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Bullets and wildlife: Navigating the conservation and economic determinants of human-nonhuman primate conflict in armed conflict Tigray, northern Ethiopia 子弹和野生动物：在武装冲突中人类与非人灵长类动物冲突的保护和经济决定因素导航提格雷，埃塞俄比亚北部

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105551

Esayas Embaye Kidane

This study aimed to assess the impact of armed conflict on human-primate conflict, primate conservation, and community perceptions in Hugumburda dry Afromontane Forest, northern Ethiopia. The study was conducted in between November 2024 and February 2025. A mixed-methods research approach was adopted to select 275 villagers to examine the impact of armed conflict on primate conservation, human-primate conflict, community perceptions of primate conservation, and potential scenarios for primate conservation. Respondents were reported monkeys and baboons raided 16 crop species, with wheat (Triticum aestivum) was the most vulnerable. A total of 792.05 quintals of crops, valued at US$40,346.43 were lost due to baboon and monkey raids. 47 % of respondents reported an increase in crop damage since the outbreak of the armed conflict. Displacement of primates (49.09 %), and weakened traditional conservation practices (48.73 %) were identified as the major impacts of armed conflict on primate conservation. The majority of respondents (Perception Index = 80.90) supported primate conservation through the establishment of buffer zones. Crop guarding (Relative Ranking Index = 0.31) remained the most commonly reported crop-raiding mitigation measures. The findings demonstrate that armed conflict multiplies both economic losses and ecological risks, underscoring the urgency of integrating post-conflict recovery with sustainable conservation strategies.

本研究旨在评估武装冲突对埃塞俄比亚北部胡冈布尔达非洲山区干旱森林中人类与灵长类动物冲突、灵长类动物保护和群落认知的影响。这项研究是在2024年11月到2025年2月之间进行的。采用混合方法研究方法，选取275名村民，考察武装冲突对灵长类动物保护的影响、人-灵长类动物冲突、社区对灵长类动物保护的看法以及灵长类动物保护的潜在情景。据答复者报告，猴子和狒狒袭击了16种作物，其中小麦（Triticum aestivum）是最脆弱的。由于狒狒和猴子的袭击，总共损失了792.05公担作物，价值40,346.43美元。47%的答复国报告说，自武装冲突爆发以来，作物损失有所增加。武装冲突对灵长类动物保护的主要影响分别是灵长类动物的迁移（49.09%）和传统保护措施的削弱（48.73%）。大多数受访者（感知指数= 80.90）支持通过建立缓冲区来保护灵长类动物。作物防护（相对排名指数= 0.31）仍然是最常见的减少作物袭击的措施。研究结果表明，武装冲突使经济损失和生态风险成倍增加，强调了将冲突后恢复与可持续保护战略相结合的紧迫性。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying key factors for vegetation dynamics in arid China with multi-trajectory methods 基于多轨迹方法的中国干旱区植被动态关键因子识别

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105552

Lina Xiu , Ruoyu Xia , Yong Lv , Jiahui Wang

Vegetation often exhibits complex dynamic trajectories under the influence of multiple external factors. In arid regions, fragile ecosystems and high climate sensitivity make vegetation more responsive to environmental fluctuations, resulting in inadequately captured dynamics by a single linear trend analysis. Therefore, this study employed a multi-trajectory model to characterize vegetation dynamics across China's arid region from 2000 to 2024, followed by a random forest analysis to identify the natural and anthropogenic drivers of different trajectory types. The results showed that: (1) Vegetation in the arid region exhibited an overall greening trend, with approximately 74 % of the area showing vegetation improvement, while only about 7 % experienced a decline. (2) Abrupt-change trajectories were the dominant vegetation evolution pattern, occupying 49 % of the region. Linear and curvilinear trajectories accounted for 17 % and 15 %, respectively, and 19 % of the area showed no significant trend. (3) The Random Forest analysis revealed that soil properties and increased annual precipitation were the most influential factors promoting positive trajectories, while urbanization and increased droughts negatively affected vegetation. This study provides a deeper understanding of vegetation dynamics and their drivers in arid regions and offers scientific support for regional ecological management and sustainable development.

在多种外部因素的影响下，植被往往表现出复杂的动态轨迹。在干旱地区，脆弱的生态系统和高度的气候敏感性使植被对环境波动的反应更大，导致单一线性趋势分析无法充分捕捉动态。为此，本研究采用多轨迹模型对2000 - 2024年中国干旱区植被动态特征进行了表征，并通过随机森林分析确定了不同轨迹类型的自然和人为驱动因素。结果表明：(1)干旱区植被总体呈现绿化趋势，约74%的区域植被有所改善，仅7%的区域植被有所下降；(2)突变型是主要的植被演化模式，占区域面积的49%。线性和曲线轨迹分别占17%和15%，19%的区域无显著趋势。(3)随机森林分析表明，土壤性质和年降水量的增加是促进植被正向变化的最重要因素，而城市化和干旱的增加对植被有负向影响。该研究为深入了解干旱区植被动态及其驱动因素提供了科学依据，为区域生态管理和可持续发展提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Biosolids application alters moth communities in a semi-arid grassland 应用生物固体改变半干旱草原飞蛾群落

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105555

Conor J. McCune , Frank I. Doyle , Karen E. Hodges

Globally, grasslands have been degraded due to overgrazing. Grassland losses and degradation negatively affect moth communities, yet moths function as herbivores, pollinators, and prey for birds, bats, and small mammals. Increasingly, biosolids, a resource recovered from municipal wastewater treatment, are being used as a restoration tool for degraded grasslands. Biosolids increase above-ground plant biomass and reduce bare ground, however, there is little research into effects on higher trophic levels. We tested whether biosolids application on arid grasslands in central British Columbia, Canada, changed moth abundances or communities 1–2 years after application. We found no difference in the abundances of macromoths or micromoths following biosolids application. Communities did vary: we captured 58 species of macromoths, and found lower species diversity in pastures treated with biosolids 2 years prior, but not 1 year prior. The three most common moth species were 64 % of all moths caught in 2nd year biosolids pastures, but only 38 % of all moths caught in control pastures. Biosolids application affected moth species diversity in the short-term, with effects varying with time since application. It would be valuable to determine whether biosolids-induced community changes of moths persist over longer time frames and to determine the mechanisms driving these changes.

在全球范围内，由于过度放牧，草原已经退化。草地的丧失和退化对飞蛾群落产生了负面影响，但飞蛾是食草动物、传粉者，也是鸟类、蝙蝠和小型哺乳动物的猎物。生物固体作为一种从城市污水处理中回收的资源，正越来越多地被用作退化草地的恢复工具。生物固体增加了地上植物生物量，减少了裸地，然而，对更高营养水平的影响的研究很少。我们测试了在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省中部干旱草原上施用生物固体是否会在施用1-2年后改变飞蛾的丰度或群落。我们发现应用生物固体后，大蛾和小蛾的丰度没有差异。群落确实有所不同：我们捕获了58种巨蛾，并且发现2年前使用生物固体处理的牧场物种多样性较低，但1年前没有。三种最常见的飞蛾占第二年生物固体牧场捕获的飞蛾总数的64%，而在对照牧场仅占38%。施用生物固体在短期内对飞蛾物种多样性有影响，影响随施用时间的变化而变化。确定生物固体诱导的飞蛾群落变化是否会持续更长时间，并确定驱动这些变化的机制，将是有价值的。

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引用次数: 0

Quantifying uncertainty for near-natural forestation in arid regions 干旱地区近自然造林的不确定性量化

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105553

Jia Qu , Qi Liu , Dongwei Gui , Yunfei Liu , Xinlong Feng , Sameh Kotb Abd-Elmabod , Haolin Wang , Jianping Zhao , Mengtao Ci

Forestation plays a pivotal role in arid regions to mitigate climate change and land degradation. However, conventional tree planting initiatives frequently fail to emulate the ecological services provided by natural forests, and may threaten natural environments. Here, we integrated Variational Inference into a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN) to facilitate near-natural forestation planning with uncertainty quantification in arid regions. The model was compared with machine learning approaches and exemplarily applied in the lower Tarim River Basin (LTRB), which is one of the largest inland basins around the world and has carried out long-term restoration actions. The results demonstrated that: 1) The Variational 1DCNN outperformed conventional models by up to 13.1 % in accuracy, and avoiding the overestimation of the forestation area (106–142 %) observed in traditional approaches. 2) The locations of potential afforestation areas with low uncertainty in LTRB are highly consistent with the actual situation and are primarily distributed near river channels. 3) Hydrological and topographical factors exerted a great influence on the uncertainty in potential forestation simulations. The near-natural forestation model developed here exhibits satisfactory performance in forestation opportunity prediction, and uncertainty quantification can enhance sustainable forestation planning in arid regions.

在干旱地区，造林在缓解气候变化和土地退化方面发挥着关键作用。然而，传统的植树活动往往不能模仿天然林提供的生态服务，并可能威胁到自然环境。在此，我们将变分推理集成到一维卷积神经网络（1DCNN）中，以促进干旱区不确定性量化的近自然造林规划。该模型与机器学习方法进行了比较，并在塔里木河下游（LTRB）进行了范例应用，该盆地是世界上最大的内陆盆地之一，并开展了长期的恢复行动。结果表明：1)Variational 1DCNN模型的精度比传统模型高出13.1%，避免了传统方法对造林面积的高估（106 ~ 142%）。2) LTRB不确定性较低的潜在造林区域位置与实际情况高度吻合，主要分布在河道附近。③水文和地形因素对潜在造林模拟的不确定性影响较大。本文建立的近自然造林模型在造林机会预测方面具有较好的效果，不确定性量化可以增强干旱区的可持续造林规划。

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引用次数: 0

Progress in research on the water-centered nexus 水中心联结研究进展

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105554

Shuo Chen , Wenwu Zhao , Paulo Pereira

Because water serves as the core element interlinking critical processes, such as food security, energy production, and ecological balance, its nexus with other resources should be comprehensively investigated to address global climate change and achieve sustainable development, particularly in arid and semiarid areas where chronic water scarcity amplifies cross-sector tradeoffs and exposure to climate variability. Despite the substantial amount of relevant research, a systematic review and bibliometric characterization of water-centered nexus (WCN) studies remain limited. This study bridges this gap by relying on bibliometric methods to analyze 1514 WCN publications (2008–2024), and a systematic thematic review is conducted to summarise progress and outline future directions. Results show a marked increase in WCN research over the past decade, with China and the U.S. as leading contributors. The research focus has transitioned from binary interactions to intricate multielement couplings, and methodologies have progressed from static assessments to dynamic optimization and scenario simulation. A significant theme is how climate change impacts water resources, threatening WCN stability and intensifying resource conflicts—prompting the use of multi-objective optimization and renewable energy technologies as mitigation pathways. Nonetheless, challenges persist, including a potential gap between rapidly advancing analytical frameworks and their translation into implementable governance and management actions, as well as limited practical applicability of proposed solutions. Given trends focusing on decarbonization, multiresource security, and sustainable utilization and considering the maturity but limited scale adaptability of existing methods, future directions should prioritize multi-scale techniques, adopt system resilience as a core criterion, maintain WCN within a safe and just operating space, and investigate nexus dynamics under telecoupling frameworks to facilitate global sustainable development.

由于水是连接粮食安全、能源生产和生态平衡等关键过程的核心要素，因此应全面调查其与其他资源的关系，以应对全球气候变化并实现可持续发展，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区，在这些地区，长期缺水加剧了跨部门的权衡和对气候变化的暴露。尽管有大量的相关研究，但对水中心联系（WCN）研究的系统回顾和文献计量学特征仍然有限。本研究通过文献计量学方法分析了1514篇WCN出版物（2008-2024），并进行了系统的专题综述，总结了进展并概述了未来的方向，从而弥补了这一差距。结果显示，在过去十年中，WCN研究显著增加，中国和美国是主要贡献者。研究重点从二元相互作用转向复杂的多元素耦合，方法从静态评估发展到动态优化和情景模拟。一个重要的主题是气候变化如何影响水资源，威胁WCN的稳定并加剧资源冲突-促使使用多目标优化和可再生能源技术作为缓解途径。尽管如此，挑战仍然存在，包括快速推进的分析框架与其转化为可实施的治理和管理行动之间的潜在差距，以及拟议解决方案的有限实际适用性。考虑到脱碳、多资源安全和可持续利用的趋势，并考虑到现有方法的成熟但有限的规模适应性，未来的方向应优先考虑多尺度技术，以系统弹性为核心标准，保持WCN在安全和公正的操作空间内，并研究远耦合框架下的联系动态，以促进全球可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Trade-offs of leaf structural adaptive traits of desert steppe plants under precipitation variation 降水变化下荒漠草原植物叶片结构适应性状的权衡

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY

Journal of Arid Environments

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2026.105550

Si-Yu Guan , Ke-Chen Song , Hai-Ying Hu , Hao Zhang , Jia-Yi Yong , Wen-Hui Deng , Xiao-Na Zhao

Precipitation significantly influences desert steppe plant growth and survival. This study examined plant responses to precipitation variation by analyzing 15 leaf microstructural traits across 10 species under five precipitation gradients. Anatomical measurements and multivariate analyses revealed species-specific adaptation strategies to varying moisture levels. Gramineae species adjusted leaf mesophyll thickness and vein density while exhibiting divergent stomatal characteristics. Stomatal apertures in isobilateral-leaf species varied with moisture, shrinking during drought and expanding with increased moisture. Semi-shrubs displayed divergent strategies: smaller species prioritized the epidermis-mesophyll system, while larger species increased vascular bundle density. Linear regression and allometric growth analyses indicated trait coordination changes under drought, intensifying correlations between mesophyll and vascular traits. The linear fitting slope between the midrib thickness and palisade parenchyma thickness of the 50 % water reduction treatment was 84 % higher than that of the 50 % water increase treatment. Principal component analysis showed a trade-off between epidermal protective tissue and vascular transport efficiency. The study found that species, families, and leaf types exhibited divergence in leaf traits, forming a multidimensional ecological niche segregation and trait complementarity network. Plants employed cross-system synergies (epidermal-assimilatory-vascular system) and intra-system trade-offs to enhance environmental flexibility, forming an adaptive framework to cope with precipitation variability.

降水显著影响荒漠草原植物的生长和生存。本研究通过分析5种降水梯度下10种植物15个叶片微观结构特征，探讨了植物对降水变化的响应。解剖测量和多变量分析揭示了物种对不同湿度水平的特定适应策略。禾本科在调节叶肉厚度和叶脉密度的同时，表现出不同的气孔特征。气孔孔径随水分变化而变化，干旱时气孔缩小，水分增加时气孔扩大。半灌木表现出不同的策略：较小的种优先考虑表皮-叶肉系统，而较大的种增加维管束密度。线性回归和异速生长分析表明，干旱条件下，叶肉性状与维管性状之间的相关性增强，性状协调性发生变化。50%减水量处理中脉厚度与栅栏薄壁厚度的线性拟合斜率比50%增水量处理高84%。主成分分析表明表皮保护组织和血管运输效率之间存在权衡关系。研究发现，物种、科、叶类型在叶片性状上存在差异，形成了多维生态位分离和性状互补网络。植物利用跨系统的协同作用（表皮-同化-维管系统）和系统内的权衡来增强环境的灵活性，形成一个适应框架来应对降水变化。

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引用次数: 0