Research and Theory for Nursing Practice最新文献

Background and Objective: Guided by the cognitive avoidance theory of worry, the study examines school locations that victims of certain types of bias-based bullying or verbal hate tend to avoid. Methods: The 2017 National Crime Victimization Survey was used. Findings and Conclusions: The latent class analysis results revealed that Class 2 ("Intensive Multiple Bias-Based Bullying Victimization") exhibited higher rates of bias-based bullying victimization related to race, ethnic/origin, and physical appearance. Class 2 demonstrated a higher mean of avoidance than Class 1 ("Low-Level Bias-Based Bullying Victimization") in various locations. Moreover, Class 3 ("Gender and Sexual Orientation-Centered Verbal Hate Victimization") showed a higher mean of avoidance in school activities than Class 1 ("Disability-Centered Verbal Hate Victimization") and Class 2 ("Race and Ethnicity-Centered Verbal Hate Victimization"). Class 3 exhibited a higher mean of avoidance in classes compared with Class 2.

Background and Purpose: Effective diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) management critically involves wound care, pain management, and the development of patients' self-management skills. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nursing care based on the Orem Self-Care Model on pain, activities of daily living, and wound size in patients with DFUs. Methods: This experimental control group study was conducted with 66 patients diagnosed with grade 2 DFU according to the Wagner classification. Data were collected using an Introductory Information Form, the Modified Barthel Index, and the Numerical Rating Scale. Statistical analysis utilized Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Friedman Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance on Ranks tests. Results: At the study's outcome, no significant differences were found between the groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and disease data (p > .05). The Modified Barthel Index scores of the experimental group increased significantly each week, notably exceeding those of the control group in the third and fourth weeks (p < .05). Pain scores in both groups decreased significantly over time (p < .0001). Although the control group's pain scores were statistically significantly lower than the experimental group's in the second and third weeks (p < .05), this difference was not observed by the fourth week (p > .05). Although the wound area was initially higher in the experimental group, the wound healing rate in the experimental group (54.6%) was calculated to be higher than in the control group (35.6%).

Background and Purpose: A need exists for a compassionate care model created for nursing education, with strategies that faculty can use for teaching students about compassionate care. Methods: A compassionate care model grounded in multidisciplinary theories and operationalized definitions was created for nursing academia. Results: The iCare Compassionately model was developed, and associated concepts were interwoven into organizational culture, first for faculty and staff as foundational content to facilitate role modeling opportunities. The model was then integrated comprehensively into the nursing curriculum. Implications for Practice: Through a care model developed specifically for nursing education, organizational culture can provide examples for nursing students of compassionate care. Further, by integrating compassionate care concepts throughout a curriculum, students receive focused education, resulting in new nurses being better equipped to deliver compassionate and clinically competent care to patients, as well as practice self-compassion to promote better nurse well-being.

Background: Stroke significantly impacts neurological and functional abilities, reducing health-related quality of life (HRQOL) within the first year poststroke. Aim: The review aimed to identify key factors influencing HRQOL among stroke survivors during their first year of stroke. Methods: Guided by Ferrans et al.'s HRQOL model and using Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review methodological strategy, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and PsycINFO were searched to examine the available literature from January 2013 to December 2024. Study selection followed the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses; methodological quality was appraised using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice. Results: Twenty-two studies met the inclusion criteria, predominantly level III observational designs (cross-sectional and prospective cohorts). The most salient factors influencing HRQOL during the first year poststroke were symptom severity (depression, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, stroke severity), functional disability (mobility, extremity function), and individual factors (older age, female sex, lower education, lower resilience), which predicted poorer HRQOL, while environmental factors (social/community support, rehabilitation access) appeared to buffer the impact of disability. Evidence suggests the presence of mediated pathways in which symptoms affect functional status, which in turn shapes health perceptions and overall health-related quality of life (HRQOL), while individual and environmental characteristics function as moderating factors. Conclusion: Stroke survivors are at risk of poor quality of life during the first year after stroke. HRQOL is strongly driven by symptom severity and functional limitations, influenced by individual and environmental contexts. The conceptual model of HRQOL provided a better understanding of stroke survivors' experiences. Findings support targeted interventions focused on symptom management, functional rehabilitation, and individualized support.

Background and Purpose: Effective mother-nurse partnerships in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are critical for improving outcomes in preterm infants. This study aimed to analyze, within the framework of the ecological systems model, the influence of maternal health status, maternal self-esteem, family resilience, and hospital service satisfaction on mother-nurse partnerships in the NICU and to guide the development of programs that enhance such partnerships. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 165 mothers of preterm infants who had been admitted to the NICU for more than 7 days. Participants were recruited from Chonnam National University Hospital in Gwangju Metropolitan City and affiliated online communities. Data were collected via an online survey conducted between August and September 2024 using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: Hospital service satisfaction (β = .58, p < .001), family resilience (β = .16, p = .032), maternal self-esteem (β = .13, p = .030), and maternal health status (β = -.11, p = .029) significantly influenced the partnership. The final model accounted for 65.9% of the variance. Implications for Practice: The mother-nurse partnership was influenced by satisfaction with hospital services, family resilience, maternal self-esteem, and maternal health status. Effective interventions should therefore prioritize enhancing maternal self-esteem, supporting maternal health, and implementing family-centered nursing strategies that strengthen family resilience.

Background and Purpose: Timely breast cancer treatment initiation after diagnosis is crucial for a better disease prognosis. The health belief model indicates that performing a health behavior is influenced by the person's health beliefs and cues to action. A scale to measure health beliefs and cues to initiate breast cancer treatment is needed. The purpose of this study is to describe the item development, content validation, and face validation of the new Determinants of Breast Cancer Treatment Initiation (DBCTI) scale. Methods: The items were developed based on a previous qualitative study. Eight experts tested the content validity index of the items (CVI). Five women with breast cancer evaluated the items for face validity. Results: Expert ratings and face validity feedback yielded 77 items, with an overall scale CVI of .97. The CVIs for the five subscales ranged between .93 and .99. Two items with a CVI less than .83 were retained for conceptual significance. Implications for Practice: The new DBCTI scale showed evidence of content and face validity. Further psychometric testing is warranted. This scale can be employed to assess factors influencing breast cancer treatment initiation in the clinical setting and to serve as an assessment tool to identify and address possible obstacles to early treatment initiation. Interventions can be designed to enhance early treatment initiation. .

Background: Real-time or clinical debriefing is considered an effective tool for promoting perinatal team dynamics, communication, patient safety, and perinatal outcomes. Several studies have investigated the outcomes of clinical debriefing in the obstetric (OB) setting. Purpose: We reviewed nursing debriefing practices after OB emergencies to examine the gap between principles and actual practices. This review focused on two key areas: (a) the effectiveness of OB debriefing in terms of communication, teamwork, and perinatal outcomes; and (b) the examination of current practices related to the standardization of debriefing. Study Design and Methods: This is a focused review of peer-reviewed research studies, posters, presentations, and abstracts. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature databases were searched using the search terms "obstetric emergencies," "real-time debriefing," "debriefing," and "perinatal emergencies." The initial yield was 307 records. Results: This review identified three key themes in the literature on real-time debriefing: the tools and requirements for effective debriefing; the impact on safety culture, communication, and team dynamics; and observations of distress and emotional healing. Conclusion and Clinical Implications: Standardizing best practices for debriefing after OB emergencies is essential. Developing a standardized tool or form is necessary to enable OB nurses to lead debriefing efforts confidently and competently after emergencies. Educating and empowering nurses to lead debriefing sessions following critical OB events can enhance teamwork, improve patient safety, and increase team members' satisfaction. Consistent use of debriefings is one way to promote desired professional behaviors while improving safety culture. A standardized debriefing tool for OB emergencies is crucial for quality improvement.

Background and Purpose: Influenced by information technology development and the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing education is changing significantly, prompting nursing educators to track international trends. This study aimed to explore the research status and hotspots of nursing education in the past 5 years, providing insights for researchers. Methods: Articles published between 2020 and 2024 in five nursing education journals were analyzed with CiteSpace version 6.4.R1 for countries/regions, institutions, authors, and keywords. Results: A total of 4,362 articles were analyzed. The United States led in article numbers. Cooperation between authors and institutions was limited. Research hotspots included cultivating nursing students' core professional competencies, innovating teaching methods and approaches, and enhancing professional identity. Implications for Practice: This study systematically analyzes nursing education literature across multiple dimensions. It reveals the regional disparities, thereby prompting researchers to focus on the innovation and development of nursing education practices under different cultural backgrounds. The limitations in international scholarly networks highlight the imperative to establish robust global partnerships to foster knowledge exchange and interdisciplinary collaboration. By mapping and discussing keyword clusters, it vividly demonstrates the research hotspots in nursing education for educators and provides practical and actionable insights.

Background and Purpose: Family presence during resuscitation (FPDR) has been discussed for about three decades, yet nurses differ in their attitudes toward FPDR. This study aimed to investigate critical care (CC) and emergency department (ED) nurses' attitudes and perceptions regarding the benefits, limitations, and challenges of FPDR in their specific settings. Methods: Qualitative descriptive approach. Participants in the Midwestern United States were recruited through purposeful sampling online and in person. Results: A total of 21 participants were recruited. The study identified key themes, including varying definitions of "presence" and "family member," setting-specific attitudes toward FPDR, and nursing and family cultural influences on FPDR. Benefits of FPDR included family support, increased family trust in nurses, and family communication of valuable patient information to nurses. Nurses' perspectives and attitudes regarding FPDR in CC and ED settings ranged from support and advocacy to opposition. CC nurses from cardiothoracic units strictly opposed FPDR practice due to the perceived risk of interference with advanced life support machines, limited space, and potential for trauma, but suggested remote presence via the webcam as an alternative. Implications for Practice: Findings can provide a foundation for an educational program that highlights variant benefits of FPDR with consideration of the risks noted by CC and ED nurses and enhances stakeholder awareness of FPDR limitations and possibilities in these settings.