The integration of virtual, mixed, and augmented reality technologies in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology represents a transformative frontier. In this Commentary, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies that explored the impact of Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Augmented Reality (AR) on cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology. Our review highlights the versatile applications of VR, ranging from spatial cognition assessments to rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury. We found that MR and AR offer innovative avenues for cognitive training, particularly in memory-related disorders. The applications extend to addressing social cognition disorders and serving as therapeutic interventions for mental health issues. Collaborative efforts between neuroscientists and technology developers are crucial, with reinforcement learning and neuroimaging studies enhancing the potential for improved outcomes. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, privacy, and accessibility, demand careful attention. Our review identified common aspects of the meta-analysis, including the potential of VR technologies in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, the use of MR and AR in memory research, and the role of VR in neurorehabilitation and therapy.
虚拟现实、混合现实和增强现实技术与认知神经科学和神经心理学的结合代表了一个变革性的前沿领域。在本评论中,我们对探讨虚拟现实(VR)、混合现实(MR)和增强现实(AR)对认知神经科学和神经心理学影响的研究进行了荟萃分析。我们的综述强调了 VR 的广泛应用,从空间认知评估到创伤性脑损伤的康复治疗。我们发现,磁共振和增强现实技术为认知训练,尤其是记忆相关疾病的认知训练提供了创新途径。其应用范围还可扩展到解决社会认知障碍和作为心理健康问题的治疗干预措施。神经科学家和技术开发人员之间的合作至关重要,强化学习和神经成像研究可提高改善结果的潜力。伦理方面的考虑,包括知情同意、隐私和可及性,都需要认真对待。我们的综述确定了荟萃分析的共同点,包括 VR 技术在认知神经科学和神经心理学中的潜力、MR 和 AR 在记忆研究中的应用以及 VR 在神经康复和治疗中的作用。
{"title":"Virtual, mixed, and augmented realities: A commentary on their significance in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology.","authors":"Obed Okwoli Apochi, Micheal Damilare Olusanya, Momoh Wesley, Saudat Idris Musa, Olowooje Ayomide Peter, Aishat Adenike Adebayo, Deborah Olaitan Komolafe","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2365870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2365870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of virtual, mixed, and augmented reality technologies in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology represents a transformative frontier. In this Commentary, we conducted a meta-analysis of studies that explored the impact of Virtual Reality (VR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Augmented Reality (AR) on cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology. Our review highlights the versatile applications of VR, ranging from spatial cognition assessments to rehabilitation for Traumatic Brain Injury. We found that MR and AR offer innovative avenues for cognitive training, particularly in memory-related disorders. The applications extend to addressing social cognition disorders and serving as therapeutic interventions for mental health issues. Collaborative efforts between neuroscientists and technology developers are crucial, with reinforcement learning and neuroimaging studies enhancing the potential for improved outcomes. Ethical considerations, including informed consent, privacy, and accessibility, demand careful attention. Our review identified common aspects of the meta-analysis, including the potential of VR technologies in cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology, the use of MR and AR in memory research, and the role of VR in neurorehabilitation and therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Memory impairment imposes a great burden on stroke patients and can be divided into Objective Memory Problems (OMPs) and Subjective Memory Complaints (SMCs). Studies have shown that these do not always co-occur. Possibly, the gap between SMCs and OMPs can be bridged when using a more ecologically valid memory test and considering the impact of other common stroke symptoms such as sensory hypersensitivity (SHS) and fatigue. In the present study, we applied Virtual Reality (VR) to create a sensory-rich environment with real-life stimuli. Memory performance was tested with the 15-Verbal Word Learning Test (VLT). Furthermore, we assessed SMCs (Everyday Memory Questionnaire), and the levels of SHS (Multi-Modal Evaluation of Sensory Sensitivity) and fatigue in the previous month. 31 chronic stroke patients and 32 healthy controls participated. The results showed that participants' memory performance decreased in a sensory-rich compared to a neutral environment. This decrease did not significantly differ between the groups. Interestingly, fatigue and SHS are related to the level of SMC in stroke patients but no such evidence was found in healthy controls. Last, for stroke patients, we found a significant negative correlation between SMCs and memory performance in a sensory-rich environment, but not in a neutral environment. In conclusion, our study implicates that in stroke patients, fatigue and SHS are related to SMCs and that using a sensory-rich VR environment might be a more ecologically valid way to objectify SMCs. However, interpretative caution is warranted due to the absence of sex and age-matched controls and potential selection bias.
{"title":"Objectifying subjective memory complaints: VR-based Verbal Word Learning Test in chronic stroke patients.","authors":"Jill Kerckhoffs, Marilien Claire Marzolla, Danai Lytrokapi, Cyrella Wendker, Hella Thielen, Céline R Gillebert, Ieke Winkens, Arjan Blokland","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2366514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2366514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memory impairment imposes a great burden on stroke patients and can be divided into Objective Memory Problems (OMPs) and Subjective Memory Complaints (SMCs). Studies have shown that these do not always co-occur. Possibly, the gap between SMCs and OMPs can be bridged when using a more ecologically valid memory test and considering the impact of other common stroke symptoms such as sensory hypersensitivity (SHS) and fatigue. In the present study, we applied Virtual Reality (VR) to create a sensory-rich environment with real-life stimuli. Memory performance was tested with the 15-Verbal Word Learning Test (VLT). Furthermore, we assessed SMCs (Everyday Memory Questionnaire), and the levels of SHS (Multi-Modal Evaluation of Sensory Sensitivity) and fatigue in the previous month. 31 chronic stroke patients and 32 healthy controls participated. The results showed that participants' memory performance decreased in a sensory-rich compared to a neutral environment. This decrease did not significantly differ between the groups. Interestingly, fatigue and SHS are related to the level of SMC in stroke patients but no such evidence was found in healthy controls. Last, for stroke patients, we found a significant negative correlation between SMCs and memory performance in a sensory-rich environment, but not in a neutral environment. In conclusion, our study implicates that in stroke patients, fatigue and SHS are related to SMCs and that using a sensory-rich VR environment might be a more ecologically valid way to objectify SMCs. However, interpretative caution is warranted due to the absence of sex and age-matched controls and potential selection bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141560335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-06DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2360123
Toru Takekawa, Shu Watanabe, Naoki Yamada, Masahiro Abo
In Japan, the diagnostic criteria for the higher brain dysfunction (HBD) emerged in 2005 in response to social needs for support for the patients and their families. The issue of cognitive dysfunction after brain trauma is not unique to Japan. The purpose of this study was to reveal the current status of family members of HBD patients from their perspective, focusing on the changes before and after the establishment of diagnostic criteria in Japan. We conducted a questionnaire survey for family members supporting the HBD patients. The questionnaire included the causative condition, explanation on HBD by health professionals, and problems/difficulties they encountered. This research involved family members of 278 HBD cases (males = 211, age 49 years). The major underlying cause was head injury (n = 139). Compared to patients diagnosed pre-2005, a significantly larger proportion of family members after 2005 received information on the condition during the acute phase (within one month) (p < 0.001), including that from physicians (p < 0.001). Nearly half of the families cited a lack of awareness of HBD among the professionals as a problem. In Japan, awareness of HBD in the society is gradually increasing especially after the current diagnostic criteria were implemented, and there has been a steady increase over time in early diagnosis. Yet, there still remain those not appropriately diagnosed. To salvage those patients and the families left behind, we are suggesting several recommendations to further augment clinical practice and the healthcare systems in Japan.
{"title":"Survey on diagnosis of post-brain injury \"higher brain dysfunction\" in patients with cognitive impairment. Family/caregiver response.","authors":"Toru Takekawa, Shu Watanabe, Naoki Yamada, Masahiro Abo","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2360123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2360123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Japan, the diagnostic criteria for the higher brain dysfunction (HBD) emerged in 2005 in response to social needs for support for the patients and their families. The issue of cognitive dysfunction after brain trauma is not unique to Japan. The purpose of this study was to reveal the current status of family members of HBD patients from their perspective, focusing on the changes before and after the establishment of diagnostic criteria in Japan. We conducted a questionnaire survey for family members supporting the HBD patients. The questionnaire included the causative condition, explanation on HBD by health professionals, and problems/difficulties they encountered. This research involved family members of 278 HBD cases (males = 211, age 49 years). The major underlying cause was head injury (<i>n</i> = 139). Compared to patients diagnosed pre-2005, a significantly larger proportion of family members after 2005 received information on the condition during the acute phase (within one month) (<i>p</i> < 0.001), including that from physicians (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Nearly half of the families cited a lack of awareness of HBD among the professionals as a problem. In Japan, awareness of HBD in the society is gradually increasing especially after the current diagnostic criteria were implemented, and there has been a steady increase over time in early diagnosis. Yet, there still remain those not appropriately diagnosed. To salvage those patients and the families left behind, we are suggesting several recommendations to further augment clinical practice and the healthcare systems in Japan.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141545442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2367108
Jandirlly Julianna de Souza Souto, Milena Edite Casé de Oliveira, Gabriella Medeiros Silva, José Marcos Nascimento de Sousa, Carlúcia Ithamar Fernandes Franco, Natanael Antonio Dos Santos
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, but therapeutic options such as neuromodulation continue to show variable effects, making clinical management of the disease difficult. This systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression aimed to analyze the isolated effect of cortical modulation with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) compared to sham stimulation on cognitive changes in people with Parkinson's disease. The databases used were: Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane. The results showed that tDCS can influence the improvement of cognition in PD (Inverse Variance:0.24 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.09 to -0.40], p < 0.00). The meta-analysis showed that active tDCS can influence cognitive function by improving aspects related to memory (Inverse Variance:0.34 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.07 to 0.61], p < 0.01) and reducing reaction time in cognitive tasks (Inverse Variance:0.42 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.07 to 0.76], p < 0.02). Innovative meta-regression analyses showed that variables such as age (Q = 2.54, df = 1, p < 0.11), education level (Q = 2.62, df = 1, p < 0.10), disease duration (Q = 0.01, df = 1, p < 0.92), and Unified PD Rating Scale stage (Q = 0.01, df = 1, p < 0.92) did not influence the results. Thus, tDCS may be a therapeutic option for cognitive changes in people with PD, and we suggest further studies to identify protocols that can be replicated.
帕金森病是第二大最常见的神经退行性疾病,但神经调节等治疗方案的效果仍然参差不齐,给疾病的临床治疗带来了困难。本系统综述采用荟萃分析和荟萃回归的方法,旨在分析经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)与假刺激相比对帕金森病患者认知变化的单独影响。使用的数据库包括Web of Science、Scopus、PsycINFO、PubMed 和 Cochrane。结果表明,tDCS 可影响帕金森病患者认知能力的改善(逆方差:0.24 [95% 置信区间:0.09 至 -0.40],P P P P P P P
{"title":"Transcranial direct current stimulation and cognitive changes in Parkinson's disease, a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression.","authors":"Jandirlly Julianna de Souza Souto, Milena Edite Casé de Oliveira, Gabriella Medeiros Silva, José Marcos Nascimento de Sousa, Carlúcia Ithamar Fernandes Franco, Natanael Antonio Dos Santos","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2367108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2367108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, but therapeutic options such as neuromodulation continue to show variable effects, making clinical management of the disease difficult. This systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression aimed to analyze the isolated effect of cortical modulation with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) compared to sham stimulation on cognitive changes in people with Parkinson's disease. The databases used were: Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, PubMed, and Cochrane. The results showed that tDCS can influence the improvement of cognition in PD (Inverse Variance:0.24 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.09 to -0.40], <i>p</i> < 0.00). The meta-analysis showed that active tDCS can influence cognitive function by improving aspects related to memory (Inverse Variance:0.34 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.07 to 0.61], <i>p</i> < 0.01) and reducing reaction time in cognitive tasks (Inverse Variance:0.42 [95% Confidence Interval: 0.07 to 0.76], <i>p</i> < 0.02). Innovative meta-regression analyses showed that variables such as age (Q = 2.54, df = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.11), education level (Q = 2.62, df = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.10), disease duration (Q = 0.01, df = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.92), and Unified PD Rating Scale stage (Q = 0.01, df = 1, <i>p</i> < 0.92) did not influence the results. Thus, tDCS may be a therapeutic option for cognitive changes in people with PD, and we suggest further studies to identify protocols that can be replicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2369656
Shayne S-H Lin, Trent M Guess, Jamie B Hall, Jacob Thomas, Andrew Kiselica
Motor assessment has emerged as complementary evidence for the detection of late life cognitive disorders. Clinicians lack inexpensive, accurate, and portable tools for this purpose. To fill this void, the current study piloted measures from the Mizzou Point-of-care Assessment System a multimodal sensor platform. We examined the ability of these motor function measures to distinguish neurocognitive status and assessed their associations with cognitive performance. Data came from 42 older adults, including 16 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants performed dual task gait, pairing walking with serial subtraction by sevens, along with aa neuropsychological test battery. T-tests revealed that individuals with MCI demonstrated slower stride times (d = .55) and shorter stride lengths (d = .98) compared to healthy older adults. Results from hierarchical regression showed that stride time and stride length predicted cognitive performance across several domains, after controlling for cognitive status and demographics. Cognitive status moderated this relationship for global cognition and attention, wherein gait measures were significantly related to these outcomes for the cognitively normal group, but not the MCI group. Evidence from the current study provided preliminary support that MPASS measures demonstrate expected associations with cognitive performance and can distinguish amongst those with and without cognitive impairment.
{"title":"Association of dual task gait performance with cognitive outcomes among older adults: Piloting an inexpensive, portable assessment platform.","authors":"Shayne S-H Lin, Trent M Guess, Jamie B Hall, Jacob Thomas, Andrew Kiselica","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2369656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2369656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Motor assessment has emerged as complementary evidence for the detection of late life cognitive disorders. Clinicians lack inexpensive, accurate, and portable tools for this purpose. To fill this void, the current study piloted measures from the Mizzou Point-of-care Assessment System a multimodal sensor platform. We examined the ability of these motor function measures to distinguish neurocognitive status and assessed their associations with cognitive performance. Data came from 42 older adults, including 16 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Participants performed dual task gait, pairing walking with serial subtraction by sevens, along with aa neuropsychological test battery. <i>T</i>-tests revealed that individuals with MCI demonstrated slower stride times (<i>d</i> = .55) and shorter stride lengths (<i>d</i> = .98) compared to healthy older adults. Results from hierarchical regression showed that stride time and stride length predicted cognitive performance across several domains, after controlling for cognitive status and demographics. Cognitive status moderated this relationship for global cognition and attention, wherein gait measures were significantly related to these outcomes for the cognitively normal group, but not the MCI group. Evidence from the current study provided preliminary support that MPASS measures demonstrate expected associations with cognitive performance and can distinguish amongst those with and without cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-05DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2024.2367102
Emin Altintas, Marion Luyat, Karim Gallouj, Gizem Hülür, Mohamad El Haj
Objectives: This study examined the role of caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment in burden of family caregivers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that the evaluation of cognitive impairment by family caregivers plays a pivotal role in burden.
Methods: The study included 110 dyads (person with AD and their caregiver) recruited from a Memory Unit in France. The cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms of person with AD were evaluated by a geriatrician using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Caregivers provided self-reports on the perception of cognitive impairment (IQCODE) of the care recipient, the caregiving burden (ZBI), depressive symptoms (GDS-15), and self-esteem (RSE). Descriptive analyses, comparison of different caregiver burden groups, and multinomial logistic regression analyses to understand correlates of caregiver burden were conducted with SPSS®, version 20.
Results: The findings show that the caregivers are on average 60 years old and the majority are women. They care for persons with AD, who are on average 82 years old and most of whom are women. Our results show that the duration of caregiving, depression of the caregiver, and caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment contribute significantly to burden of caregiver.
Discussion: This study shows that it is necessary to adopt the caregiver-centered approach to support the dyad. The role of the caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment in AD should be developed when supporting caregivers in suffering.
{"title":"Burden of family caregivers in Alzheimer's disease: The role of caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment.","authors":"Emin Altintas, Marion Luyat, Karim Gallouj, Gizem Hülür, Mohamad El Haj","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2024.2367102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23279095.2024.2367102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study examined the role of caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment in burden of family caregivers in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We hypothesized that the evaluation of cognitive impairment by family caregivers plays a pivotal role in burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 110 dyads (person with AD and their caregiver) recruited from a Memory Unit in France. The cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms of person with AD were evaluated by a geriatrician using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Caregivers provided self-reports on the perception of cognitive impairment (IQCODE) of the care recipient, the caregiving burden (ZBI), depressive symptoms (GDS-15), and self-esteem (RSE). Descriptive analyses, comparison of different caregiver burden groups, and multinomial logistic regression analyses to understand correlates of caregiver burden were conducted with SPSS<sup>®</sup>, version 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings show that the caregivers are on average 60 years old and the majority are women. They care for persons with AD, who are on average 82 years old and most of whom are women. Our results show that the duration of caregiving, depression of the caregiver, and caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment contribute significantly to burden of caregiver.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study shows that it is necessary to adopt the caregiver-centered approach to support the dyad. The role of the caregivers' perception of cognitive impairment in AD should be developed when supporting caregivers in suffering.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-03-15DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2048303
Stephanie Kielb, Claire Speelman, Laura Boxley, Darrin Aase, Erica Dawson, Barbara Changizi, Aristide Merola, Vibhor Krishna, Christopher Nguyen
Objective: This retrospective analysis assessed regression-based reliable change (RC) of cognition in a sample of essential tremor (ET) patients who underwent unilateral deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM-DBS).Method: Thirty patients (mean age at pre-evaluation = 70.4 ± 6.3 years) underwent neuropsychological evaluation pre- and post-unilateral VIM-DBS placement (mean time between pre and post-evaluation = 13.1 ± 4.0 months). Paired samples t-tests and RC analyses were employed.Results: No significant within-group differences were observed when cognitive scores were compared between evaluations. The vast majority of patients demonstrated stability across pre-and post-surgical evaluations (i.e. 29 out of 30); however, those with high-risk co-morbid medical conditions may be vulnerable to post-surgical cognitive decline as indicated by RC measures.Conclusions: The use of regression-based RC indices to assess individual cognitive changes between pre and post-surgical evaluations control for systematic and measurement errors that can occur over repeated evaluations, and may be able to identify cognitive changes that evade detection in traditional within-group comparisons.
{"title":"Reliable cognitive change following unilateral deep brain stimulation in essential tremor.","authors":"Stephanie Kielb, Claire Speelman, Laura Boxley, Darrin Aase, Erica Dawson, Barbara Changizi, Aristide Merola, Vibhor Krishna, Christopher Nguyen","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2048303","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2048303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This retrospective analysis assessed regression-based reliable change (RC) of cognition in a sample of essential tremor (ET) patients who underwent unilateral deep brain stimulation of the ventral intermediate nucleus of the thalamus (VIM-DBS).<b>Method:</b> Thirty patients (mean age at pre-evaluation = 70.4 ± 6.3 years) underwent neuropsychological evaluation pre- and post-unilateral VIM-DBS placement (mean time between pre and post-evaluation = 13.1 ± 4.0 months). Paired samples <i>t</i>-tests and RC analyses were employed.<b>Results:</b> No significant within-group differences were observed when cognitive scores were compared between evaluations. The vast majority of patients demonstrated stability across pre-and post-surgical evaluations (i.e. 29 out of 30); however, those with high-risk co-morbid medical conditions may be vulnerable to post-surgical cognitive decline as indicated by RC measures.<b>Conclusions:</b> The use of regression-based RC indices to assess individual cognitive changes between pre and post-surgical evaluations control for systematic and measurement errors that can occur over repeated evaluations, and may be able to identify cognitive changes that evade detection in traditional within-group comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48670092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-04-06DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2057857
Zoé Mazurie, Willy Mayo, Imad Ghorayeb
Comorbidity between Restless Legs Syndrome and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder remains a matter of debate. This putative association, possibly reflecting a shared brain iron homeostasis and dopaminergic dysfunction, supports the hypothesis of a neurodevelopmental component in Restless Legs Syndrome pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms prevalence in adult patients with primary Restless Legs Syndrome compared to another ill group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome to control for the disease specific effects on psychiatric symptoms and a healthy individuals control group. Clinical data were obtained through standardized and validated self-administrated questionnaires evaluating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms frequencies in 139 outpatients with idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome, 111 patients with treated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and 136 healthy subjects. Our findings demonstrate a higher prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms among both male and female patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, compared to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients and healthy subjects (33.3 and 43.5%, respectively, p < 0.001). Only women presented a strong relationship between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Restless Legs Syndrome severity (p < 0.001). Male and female in the three groups showed similar Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptom prevalence. These findings indicate that Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms among adult patients with Restless Legs Syndrome populations are a robust phenomenon. These data provide arguments in favor of an enlargement of the clinical neuropsychological presentation of Restless Legs Syndrome and question the role of decreased brain iron of these psychiatric symptoms.
{"title":"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in adult patients with primary restless legs syndrome.","authors":"Zoé Mazurie, Willy Mayo, Imad Ghorayeb","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2057857","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2057857","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comorbidity between Restless Legs Syndrome and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder remains a matter of debate. This putative association, possibly reflecting a shared brain iron homeostasis and dopaminergic dysfunction, supports the hypothesis of a neurodevelopmental component in Restless Legs Syndrome pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms prevalence in adult patients with primary Restless Legs Syndrome compared to another ill group of patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome to control for the disease specific effects on psychiatric symptoms and a healthy individuals control group. Clinical data were obtained through standardized and validated self-administrated questionnaires evaluating Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptoms frequencies in 139 outpatients with idiopathic Restless Legs Syndrome, 111 patients with treated obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and 136 healthy subjects. Our findings demonstrate a higher prevalence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms among both male and female patients with Restless Legs Syndrome, compared to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome patients and healthy subjects (33.3 and 43.5%, respectively, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Only women presented a strong relationship between Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Restless Legs Syndrome severity (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Male and female in the three groups showed similar Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder symptom prevalence. These findings indicate that Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms among adult patients with Restless Legs Syndrome populations are a robust phenomenon. These data provide arguments in favor of an enlargement of the clinical neuropsychological presentation of Restless Legs Syndrome and question the role of decreased brain iron of these psychiatric symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44466149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-04-13DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2057856
Irena Boskovic, Ali Yunus Emre Akca, Luciano Giromini
In this pilot and exploratory study, we tested the robustness of three self-report symptom validity tests (SVTs) to symptom coaching for depression, with and without additional information available on the Internet. Specifically, we divided our sample (N = 193) so that each subject received either the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (SIMS; n = 64), the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI; n = 66), or the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29; n = 63). Within each of the three subgroups, approximately one third of participants were instructed to respond honestly (Genuine Condition, nSIMS = 21; nSRSI = 24; nIOP-29 = 26) and approximately two-thirds were instructed to feign depression. One half of the feigners were presented with a vignette to increase their compliance with instructions and were given information about symptoms of depression (Coached Feigning, nSIMS = 25; nSRSI = 18; nIOP-29 = 21), and the other half were given the same vignette and information about symptoms of depression, plus two Internet links to review before completing the test (Internet-Coached Feigning, nSIMS = 18; nSRSI = 24; nIOP-29 = 16). Overall, the results showed that the genuine conditions yielded the lowest total scores on all three measures, while the two feigning conditions did not significantly differ from each other. Looking at the detection rates for all feigning participants, all three measures showed satisfactory results, with IOP-29 performing slightly better than SIMS and SIMS performing slightly better than SRSI. Internet-Coached Feigners scored slightly lower on all three measures than feigners who were coached without the Internet links. Taken together, the results of this preliminary and exploratory study suggest that all three SVTs examined are sensitive to feigned depression even in the presence of symptom coaching, both with and without additional Internet-based information.
{"title":"Symptom coaching and symptom validity tests: An analog study using the structured inventory of malingered symptomatology, Self-Report Symptom Inventory, and Inventory of Problems-29.","authors":"Irena Boskovic, Ali Yunus Emre Akca, Luciano Giromini","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2057856","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2057856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this pilot and exploratory study, we tested the robustness of three self-report symptom validity tests (SVTs) to symptom coaching for depression, with and without additional information available on the Internet. Specifically, we divided our sample (<i>N</i> = 193) so that each subject received either the Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomatology (<i>SIMS</i>; <i>n</i> = 64), the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (<i>SRSI</i>; <i>n</i> = 66), or the Inventory of Problems-29 (<i>IOP-29</i>; <i>n</i> = 63). Within each of the three subgroups, approximately one third of participants were instructed to respond honestly (Genuine Condition, <i>n</i><sub>SIMS</sub> = 21; <i>n</i><sub>SRSI</sub> = 24; <i>n</i><sub>IOP-29</sub> = 26) and approximately two-thirds were instructed to feign depression. One half of the feigners were presented with a vignette to increase their compliance with instructions and were given information about symptoms of depression (Coached Feigning, <i>n</i><sub>SIMS</sub> = 25; <i>n</i><sub>SRSI</sub> = 18; <i>n</i><sub>IOP-29</sub> = 21), and the other half were given the same vignette and information about symptoms of depression, plus two Internet links to review before completing the test (Internet-Coached Feigning, <i>n</i><sub>SIMS</sub> = 18; <i>n</i><sub>SRSI</sub> = 24; <i>n</i><sub>IOP-29</sub> = 16). Overall, the results showed that the genuine conditions yielded the lowest total scores on all three measures, while the two feigning conditions did not significantly differ from each other. Looking at the detection rates for all feigning participants, all three measures showed satisfactory results, with IOP-29 performing slightly better than SIMS and SIMS performing slightly better than SRSI. Internet-Coached Feigners scored slightly lower on all three measures than feigners who were coached without the Internet links. Taken together, the results of this preliminary and exploratory study suggest that all three SVTs examined are sensitive to feigned depression even in the presence of symptom coaching, both with and without additional Internet-based information.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46579521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01Epub Date: 2022-04-12DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2059372
Ari Alex Ramos, Anthony Garvey, Nicholas J Cutfield, Liana Machado
Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit a domain-general visuospatial dysfunction; however, no previous study has examined changes over time in forward and backward spatial recall in PD against controls. To evaluate changes in short-term (STM) and working memory (WM) dysfunction in PD, the current study assessed performance on a computer-modified version of the Corsi Block-Tapping Test (forward and backward recall) at two-time points 1 year apart, while simultaneously exploring associations with potentially relevant demographic and clinical variables. We enrolled 38 patients with PD and 38 controls matched for age, sex, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total scores. Linear mixed-effects models analyzed the primary measured variables (forward and backward scores). At baseline, the dysfunction effect sizes were as follows: forward recall (-0.45, 95% CI [-0.90, 0.01]) and backward recall (-0.26, 95% CI [-0.71, 0.19]). At follow-up, patients exhibited substantially greater difficulties in backward recall (-0.65, 95% CI [-1.18, -0.13]) compared to the baseline assessment, whereas the forward dysfunction effect size remained almost the same (-0.43, 95% CI [-0.94, 0.09]). Age (p = .005, f = 0.35) and total scores on MoCA (p = .017, f = 0.18), irrespective of group and recall condition, were significant predictors of spatial block scores. The pattern of dysfunction effect sizes indicates that, in contrast to forward recall, backward recall dysfunction in PD worsened 1-year after the baseline assessment, presumably reflecting the progression of PD-related visuospatial WM dysfunction.
帕金森氏病(PD)患者表现出一种全域视觉空间功能障碍;然而,之前的研究并没有考察PD与对照组相比,向前和向后空间回忆随时间的变化。为了评估PD患者短期(STM)和工作记忆(WM)功能障碍的变化,本研究在相隔1年的两个时间点评估了计算机修改版Corsi块敲击测试(向前和向后回忆)的表现,同时探索了与潜在相关的人口统计学和临床变量的关联。我们招募了38名PD患者和38名年龄、性别和蒙特利尔认知评估(MoCA)总分相匹配的对照组。线性混合效应模型分析了主要测量变量(前向和后向得分)。在基线时,功能障碍效应大小如下:前向回忆(-0.45,95% CI[-0.90, 0.01])和后向回忆(-0.26,95% CI[-0.71, 0.19])。在随访中,与基线评估相比,患者在向后回忆方面表现出更大的困难(-0.65,95% CI[-1.18, -0.13]),而向前功能障碍的效应大小几乎保持不变(-0.43,95% CI[-0.94, 0.09])。年龄(p = 0.005, f = 0.35)和MoCA总分(p = 0.017, f = 0.18)与分组和回忆条件无关,是空间块得分的显著预测因子。功能障碍效应大小的模式表明,与前向回忆相比,PD患者的后向回忆功能障碍在基线评估1年后恶化,可能反映了PD相关的视觉空间WM功能障碍的进展。
{"title":"Forward and backward spatial recall in Parkinson's disease and matched controls: A 1-year follow-up study.","authors":"Ari Alex Ramos, Anthony Garvey, Nicholas J Cutfield, Liana Machado","doi":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2059372","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23279095.2022.2059372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) exhibit a domain-general visuospatial dysfunction; however, no previous study has examined changes over time in forward and backward spatial recall in PD against controls. To evaluate changes in short-term (STM) and working memory (WM) dysfunction in PD, the current study assessed performance on a computer-modified version of the Corsi Block-Tapping Test (forward and backward recall) at two-time points 1 year apart, while simultaneously exploring associations with potentially relevant demographic and clinical variables. We enrolled 38 patients with PD and 38 controls matched for age, sex, and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total scores. Linear mixed-effects models analyzed the primary measured variables (forward and backward scores). At baseline, the dysfunction effect sizes were as follows: forward recall (-0.45, 95% CI [-0.90, 0.01]) and backward recall (-0.26, 95% CI [-0.71, 0.19]). At follow-up, patients exhibited substantially greater difficulties in backward recall (-0.65, 95% CI [-1.18, -0.13]) compared to the baseline assessment, whereas the forward dysfunction effect size remained almost the same (-0.43, 95% CI [-0.94, 0.09]). Age (<i>p</i> = .005, <i>f</i> = 0.35) and total scores on MoCA (<i>p</i> = .017, <i>f</i> = 0.18), irrespective of group and recall condition, were significant predictors of spatial block scores. The pattern of dysfunction effect sizes indicates that, in contrast to forward recall, backward recall dysfunction in PD worsened 1-year after the baseline assessment, presumably reflecting the progression of PD-related visuospatial WM dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":51308,"journal":{"name":"Applied Neuropsychology-Adult","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47265315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}