Research in Developmental Disabilities最新文献_第2页

Understanding the dynamic association between sleep quality and mood in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy 了解儿童和青少年脑瘫患者睡眠质量与情绪之间的动态关联。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105257

Hangsel D. Sanguino , Chris A. Clark , Laura K. Brunton , Elizabeth G. Condliffe , Daniel C. Kopala-Sibley , Melanie E. Noel , Sandra J. Mish , Carly A. McMorris

Background

Cerebral palsy (CP) is one of the most prevalent long-term childhood conditions. Children and adolescents with CP are at elevated risk for mental health difficulties, which contribute to reduced quality of life and daily functioning. Sleep difficulties are a well-established risk factor for mental health. Poor sleep quality has been linked to worse mood in youth with and without neurodevelopmental disabilities. However, most studies in youth with CP have focused on average sleep metrics over time, rather than examining intraindividual variability (IIV) using daily assessments, which may reduce retrospective reporting biases. This study examined the dynamic and bidirectional association between sleep quality, sleep duration, and mood in youth with CP.

Methods

Thirty-two youth with CP (aged 11–17 years; 45.5 % girls) were recruited from health and community agencies. Youth completed daily diaries over seven consecutive days. Each day, youth rated their sleep quality, sleep duration, and levels of daily mood (operationalized as positive and negative affect using the Positive and Negative Affect Scale [PANAS]). Multilevel models examined bidirectional associations between sleep quality, sleep duration, and mood, controlling for gender, age, and GMFCS level.

Results

At the between-person level, higher previous-day sleep quality was significantly associated with greater next-day positive mood and lower negative mood, and higher negative mood was associated with poorer sleep quality the following night. At the within-person level, increases in sleep quality were associated with higher next-day positive mood only. Sleep duration was not significantly associated with next-day mood at either level.

Conclusion

Findings highlight both between-person and within-person associations between sleep quality and mood in youth with CP, with bidirectional associations observed at the between-person level and unidirectional associations at the within-person level.

背景：脑瘫（CP）是儿童最常见的长期疾病之一。患有CP的儿童和青少年患精神健康问题的风险较高，这导致生活质量和日常功能下降。睡眠困难是一个公认的精神健康风险因素。睡眠质量差与有或没有神经发育障碍的年轻人的糟糕情绪有关。然而，大多数对患有CP的青少年的研究都集中在一段时间内的平均睡眠指标上，而不是使用日常评估来检查个体内变异性（iv），这可能会减少回顾性报告的偏差。本研究探讨了青少年CP患者睡眠质量、睡眠时间和情绪之间的动态和双向关系。方法：从卫生和社区机构招募了32名青少年CP患者（11-17岁，45.5% 为女孩）。年轻人在连续7天内完成了每天的日记。每天，年轻人对他们的睡眠质量、睡眠持续时间和日常情绪水平进行评分（使用积极和消极影响量表[PANAS]进行积极和消极影响的操作）。多层模型检验了睡眠质量、睡眠持续时间和情绪之间的双向关联，控制了性别、年龄和GMFCS水平。结果：在人间水平上，前一天睡眠质量高与第二天积极情绪高、消极情绪低显著相关，消极情绪高与第二天睡眠质量差显著相关。在个人层面上，睡眠质量的提高只与第二天更高的积极情绪有关。睡眠时间与第二天的情绪没有显著关系。结论：研究结果强调了青年CP患者的睡眠质量和情绪之间的人际和人际关联，在人际水平上观察到双向关联，在人际水平上观察到单向关联。

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引用次数: 0

A cluster-RCT deploying online video teacher training to improve reading skills in students with intellectual disabilities using augmentative and alternative communication: A study protocol 一项采用在线视频教师培训的集群随机对照试验，通过辅助和替代交流提高智障学生的阅读技能：一项研究方案。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105250

Marthe Bilet-Mossige , Line Britt Ulriksen , Kenneth Larsen , Anders Nordahl-Hansen , Hugo Cogo-Moreira

Background

This cluster-randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of an online video training platform versus in-person tutoring designed for teachers' to support the improvement of early reading skills for students with intellectual disabilities and/or Autism Spectrum Disorder who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

Methods

The reading development of children with intellectual disabilities using AAC will be evaluated and investigated in a cluster randomized controlled trial. Schools will be randomly assigned to two groups. Teachers in the intervention group will be exposed to an online video training platform that provides tutoring on the reading intervention “Reading for all.” Teachers in the control group will receive the same intervention through in-person tutoring.

Discussion

Many children with intellectual disabilities who use AAC face several barriers to acquiring literacy. Research describes low expectations and competence, as well as a lack of evidence-based reading programs designed to meet these needs.

The generalizability of prior findings to different populations of children who use AAC is limited. Furthermore, few studies have examined the effectiveness of educator-delivered interventions in school settings. Video training allows teachers to flexibly initiate reading interventions across various times and locations, thereby reducing travel time and in-person tutoring. Moreover, its adaptability to various settings facilitates the testing of its generalizability. Online video training can provide a sustainable means of delivering interventions and provide ongoing access to interventions after the study period.

The online training deployed in this trial will contribute to the field of special education by leveraging a powerful, research-driven quantitative approach.

Trial registration

NCT06766188 Registered September 2025, version 2.

背景：本集群随机对照试验旨在调查在线视频培训平台与教师面对面辅导的效果，以支持使用辅助和替代沟通（AAC）的智力残疾和/或自闭症谱系障碍学生早期阅读技能的提高。方法：采用聚类随机对照试验对使用AAC的智力障碍儿童的阅读发展进行评价和研究。学校将被随机分为两组。干预组的教师将接触在线视频培训平台，该平台提供关于阅读干预“全民阅读”的辅导。对照组的教师将通过面对面的辅导接受同样的干预。讨论：许多使用AAC的智障儿童在获得读写能力方面面临着一些障碍。研究描述了低期望值和低能力，以及缺乏为满足这些需求而设计的循证阅读计划。先前的研究结果对使用AAC的不同儿童群体的通用性是有限的。此外，很少有研究调查了教育工作者在学校环境中提供干预措施的有效性。视频培训允许教师在不同的时间和地点灵活地发起阅读干预，从而减少旅行时间和面对面的辅导。此外，它对各种设置的适应性便于检验其泛化性。在线视频培训可以提供一种可持续的干预手段，并在研究结束后提供持续的干预手段。该试验中部署的在线培训将通过利用强大的、研究驱动的定量方法，为特殊教育领域做出贡献。试验注册：NCT06766188 2025年9月注册，版本2。

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引用次数: 0

Game on but pay the price: Hyperfocus, flow, escapism, self-efficacy, and burnout among video gamers with ADHD traits 游戏，但要付出代价：过度专注，心流，逃避现实，自我效能和倦怠的电子游戏玩家的ADHD特征。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105241

Anna Pyszkowska, Ari Nowacki, Natalia Dziura

Hyperfocus—an intense, uncontrollable state of attention—has gained attention for its dual adaptive and maladaptive outcomes and its potential role in gaming experience. Although distinguishing hyperfocus from flow during gameplay may be challenging, their predictive factors (e.g., escapism motivation) and consequences (e.g., burnout, self-efficacy) may differentiate the two constructs. However, the distinction between hyperfocus and flow in gaming contexts – particularly regarding their psychological outcomes and statistical predictors – remains insufficiently understood. The aims of this study were to a) establish possible differences in hyperfocus and flow as potential predictors of negative (cognitive, emotional burnout) and positive (self-efficacy) psychological outcomes among adult video gamers with ADHD traits, and b) compare these outcomes between individuals with a formal ADHD diagnosis and with an ADHD self-diagnosis. Data from 310 participants with ADHD traits were analyzed. First, an exploratory correlation analysis was conducted. Then, the relationships between hyperfocus, flow, escapism motivation, self-efficacy, and burnout were compared between persons with a formal ADHD diagnosis (N = 174) and self-diagnosis (N = 136) using the Mann-Whitney test, network analysis, and two PLS-SEM models. Flow and hyperfocus differed in both predictors and outcomes, with flow associated with greater self-efficacy and hyperfocus predicting higher burnout. Group comparisons indicated complex patterns: self-suppression escapism predicted flow only in the self-diagnosis group, while also predicting hyperfocus in both groups. Hyperfocus and flow emerge as qualitatively distinct states with different predictors and consequences. Furthermore, systematic differences between formally diagnosed and self-diagnosed individuals with ADHD traits underscore the necessity of distinguishing these subgroups in research on ADHD-related experiences.

过度专注——一种强烈的、不可控的注意力状态——因其双重适应和不适应结果及其在游戏体验中的潜在作用而受到关注。尽管在游戏过程中区分超专注和心流可能具有挑战性，但它们的预测因素（如逃避动机）和结果（如倦怠、自我效能感）可能会区分这两种结构。然而，在游戏环境中，过度专注和心流之间的区别——特别是关于他们的心理结果和统计预测——仍然没有得到充分的理解。本研究的目的是：a)在具有ADHD特征的成年电子游戏玩家中，确定过度专注和心流作为消极（认知、情绪倦怠）和积极（自我效能）心理结果的潜在预测因素的可能差异；b)比较正式诊断为ADHD的个体和自我诊断为ADHD的个体之间的这些结果。研究人员分析了310名ADHD患者的数据。首先，进行探索性相关分析。然后，采用Mann-Whitney检验、网络分析和两种PLS-SEM模型比较正式诊断为ADHD （N = 174）和自我诊断为ADHD （N = 136）的患者的超专注、心流、逃避动机、自我效能感和倦怠之间的关系。心流和过度专注在预测因素和结果上都不同，心流与更高的自我效能感相关，而过度专注预测更高的倦怠。组间比较显示出复杂的模式：自我抑制逃避只在自我诊断组预测心流，而在两组中也预测超聚焦。高度专注和心流是两种截然不同的状态，具有不同的预测因素和结果。此外，正式诊断和自我诊断的ADHD个体特征之间的系统差异强调了在ADHD相关经历研究中区分这些亚群的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Employment barriers for people with disabilities in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯残疾人的就业障碍

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105231

Ali N. Alasmari, Hussain A. Almalky

People with disabilities (PWDs) encounter numerous barriers that hinder their access to employment. This study examined perceived barriers related to (a) human resource (HR) practices and legislation, (b) employers’ and employees’ perceptions, and (c) workplace accommodations in Saudi Arabia. The study also investigated whether perceived barriers differed according to institutional characteristics, including employment sector, institutional age, public versus private status, current employment of PWDs, and Mowaamah certification status. Data were collected through a survey completed by employers and HR professionals (n = 86) across various regions of Saudi Arabia. The findings indicated that the most significant barriers were limited knowledge regarding how to provide appropriate assistance and resources to PWDs, as well as a shortage of PWDs applying for available positions. Conversely, the least significant barrier was the perception that PWDs cause disruptions in the workplace. Group comparisons revealed that perceived barriers were higher in newer institutions than in older ones, higher in institutions that did not currently employ PWDs, and lower in institutions that had obtained Mowaamah certification. These findings highlight the need for increased awareness of employment barriers facing PWDs. The study also identifies directions for future research, including the use of qualitative and mixed-methods approaches to further understand and address barriers to employing PWDs in Saudi Arabia.

残疾人士在就业方面遇到许多障碍。本研究调查了沙特阿拉伯与以下方面相关的感知障碍：(a)人力资源（HR）实践和立法，(b)雇主和雇员的看法，以及(c)工作场所住宿。该研究还调查了感知障碍是否因机构特征而异，包括就业部门、机构年龄、公共与私营状况、残疾人士的当前就业情况以及Mowaamah认证状况。数据是通过一项由沙特阿拉伯不同地区的雇主和人力资源专业人士（n = 86）完成的调查收集的。调查结果显示，最大的障碍是对如何向残疾人士提供适当的援助和资源的认识有限，以及残疾人士申请职位的人数不足。相反，最不重要的障碍是人们认为残疾人士会在工作场所造成干扰。分组比较显示，新机构的感知障碍高于老机构，目前不雇用残疾人士的机构的感知障碍更高，而获得Mowaamah认证的机构的感知障碍更低。这些调查结果突出表明，需要提高对残疾人士面临的就业障碍的认识。该研究还确定了未来研究的方向，包括使用定性和混合方法来进一步了解和解决在沙特阿拉伯雇用残疾人的障碍。

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引用次数: 0

Camp-based entertainment rehabilitation for young people with down syndrome in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯唐氏综合症青少年营地娱乐康复。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2025.105205

Dania bint Abdullah bin Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud

Background

Down syndrome (DS) is associated with lifelong challenges across cognitive, physical, and social domains that can impact quality of life (QoL). Despite research evidence supporting the benefits of recreational and entertainment-based rehabilitation, such programmes remain underdeveloped in the Middle East. This study examined cultural appropriateness, and impact of a camp-based entertainment rehabilitation programme for young people with DS in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

This study was implemented with 11 participants (aged 17–23 years) attending an 11-day residential camp in Al-Baha. The adapted Quality-of-Life Questionnaire for Persons with DS was administered at baseline (T1), post-intervention (T2), and 8-week follow-up (T3). Qualitative data was also captured to gain understanding about participant and parent lived experiences.

Results

Significant improvements were observed across all QoL domains between T1 and T2 with gains maintained at T3. Qualitative findings revealed enhanced independence, self-confidence, social engagement, and parental relief. Participants expressed joy and belonging, while parents reported reduced stress and increased optimism.

Conclusions

Findings from this study demonstrate that entertainment-based rehabilitation can be effective in enhancing QoL among young people with DS within a culturally grounded Saudi context. This pilot study highlights the potential of leisure-focused rehabilitation to promote inclusion, family well-being, and social participation, aligning with Saudi Vision 2030’s Quality of Life goals.

背景：唐氏综合症（DS）与认知、身体和社会领域的终身挑战相关，这些挑战会影响生活质量（QoL）。尽管研究证据支持娱乐和以娱乐为基础的康复的好处，但这类方案在中东仍然不发达。本研究考察了沙特阿拉伯以营地为基础的娱乐康复项目对青少年退行性残疾的文化适宜性和影响。方法：11名参与者（17-23岁）在Al-Baha参加了为期11天的住宿营。在基线（T1）、干预后（T2）和8周随访（T3）对退行性痴呆患者的生活质量问卷进行了调整。定性数据也被捕获，以了解参与者和父母的生活经历。结果：在T1和T2之间观察到所有QoL领域的显着改善，并在T3保持增益。定性研究结果显示，他们的独立性、自信心、社会参与度和父母的安慰度都有所提高。参与者表达了喜悦和归属感，而父母则表示压力减轻了，乐观情绪增加了。结论：本研究的结果表明，在沙特文化背景下，以娱乐为基础的康复可以有效地提高患有退行性残疾的年轻人的生活质量。这项试点研究强调了以休闲为重点的康复在促进包容、家庭福祉和社会参与方面的潜力，符合沙特2030年生活质量愿景的目标。

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引用次数: 0

YouTube as a source of autism treatment information: A quality and reliability assessment YouTube作为自闭症治疗信息的来源：质量和可靠性评估。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105254

Hesna Gül , Yasemin Özel , Naci Murat , Ahmet Gül

YouTube is a major source of health information for families seeking guidance on autism spectrum disorder (ASD), yet the reliability and educational value of treatment-related content remain uncertain. This cross-sectional study evaluated the quality, reliability, and credibility of ASD treatment videos on YouTube, providing a snapshot of the platform as of July 2023. A structured search yielded 114 eligible English-language videos. Two trained evaluators independently assessed each video using validated instruments: the DISCERN questionnaire (DISCERN) and the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria for reliability, and the Global Quality Scale (GQS) for overall educational quality. Inter-rater reliability was acceptable to excellent across all tools (ICC = 0.516–0.801), permitting the use of combined scores. Overall, video quality was predominantly low to moderate. DISCERN scores indicated that only 14.0 % of videos were “Excellent,” while 66.7 % fell within the Poor-to-Fair range. Similarly, only 24.6 % of videos were rated High quality on the GQS. JAMA scores were the lowest overall, with 71.1 % of content failing to meet basic standards of authorship, attribution, disclosure, or currency. Professionally produced content—particularly academic and specialist videos—consistently outperformed family-, patient-, and other non-health-related sources across all measures. Video duration demonstrated positive associations with quality and reliability, whereas higher comment counts were negatively correlated with all scoring systems. Treatment category alone did not predict quality; instead, uploader identity and information structure were the primary determinants. These findings highlight significant variability and persistent gaps in the quality of ASD treatment information on YouTube. Increased clinician involvement, stronger visibility for evidence-based content, and targeted digital health literacy efforts are needed to support families in navigating online ASD resources.

YouTube是寻求自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）指导的家庭健康信息的主要来源，但与治疗相关内容的可靠性和教育价值仍不确定。本横断面研究评估了YouTube上ASD治疗视频的质量、可靠性和可信度，提供了截至2023年7月该平台的快照。结构化的搜索产生了114个符合条件的英语视频。两名训练有素的评估人员使用经过验证的工具独立评估每个视频：辨别问卷（DISCERN）和美国医学协会杂志（JAMA）可靠性基准标准，以及整体教育质量的全球质量量表（GQS）。在所有工具中，评分者之间的信度都可以接受为优秀（ICC = 0.516-0.801），允许使用联合评分。总的来说，视频质量主要是低到中等。DISCERN分数表明，只有14.0 %的视频是“优秀”的，而66.7 %的视频落在“差到一般”的范围内。同样，只有24.6 %的视频在GQS上被评为高质量。JAMA的总体得分最低，有71.1 %的内容不符合作者身份、归属、披露或流通的基本标准。专业制作的内容——尤其是学术和专业视频——在所有衡量标准中都始终优于家庭、患者和其他非健康相关来源。视频时长与质量和可靠性呈正相关，而较高的评论数与所有评分系统呈负相关。单独的治疗类别不能预测治疗质量；相反，上传者身份和信息结构是主要决定因素。这些发现突出了YouTube上ASD治疗信息质量的显著差异和持续差距。需要增加临床医生的参与，增强基于证据的内容的可见性，以及有针对性的数字健康素养工作，以支持家庭浏览在线ASD资源。

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引用次数: 0

Frequency and nature of sleep disturbances amongst children with cerebral palsy in Northern Ireland: A cross-sectional study 北爱尔兰脑瘫儿童睡眠障碍的频率和性质：一项横断面研究。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105255

Mary-Elaine McCavert , Oliver Perra , Karen McConnell , Claire Kerr

Background

Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at increased risk of sleep disturbances due to the condition and associated comorbidities. Although prevalence varies across countries and cultures, UK-specific data are limited.

Objectives

This study aimed to describe the frequency and nature of sleep disturbances in children with CP in Northern Ireland (NI) and to explore associations with child, sociodemographic, or CP-related characteristics.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with parents of children aged 3–18 years with CP. The survey included the validated Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and questions on family demographics. Sample characteristics were compared with age-matched children from the NI Cerebral Palsy Register. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, and multivariate linear regressions.

Results

Valid responses were obtained from 111 families, and the sample was broadly representative of the CP population in Northern Ireland. A high prevalence of sleep disturbance was observed: 43 % of children met clinical criteria based on contemporary SDSC norms and 74 % using historical norms. The most frequent types of sleep disorder were Disorders of Initiating and Maintaining Sleep and Sleep–Wake Transition Disorders. No significant associations were found between SDSC scores and child age, sociodemographic, or clinical variables.

Conclusions

This is the first UK study to quantify the frequency and nature of sleep disturbances in children with CP using the SDSC. Findings indicate the need for health professionals to routinely enquire about sleep and provide targeted support. Further population-based research is required to understand family sleep experiences over time and inform multidisciplinary intervention and policy.

背景：脑瘫（CP）患儿由于病情和相关合并症，睡眠障碍的风险增加。尽管不同国家和文化的患病率不同，但英国的具体数据有限。目的：本研究旨在描述北爱尔兰CP儿童睡眠障碍的频率和性质，并探讨其与儿童、社会人口统计学或CP相关特征的关系。方法：对3-18岁CP患儿的家长进行横断面在线调查，调查内容包括儿童睡眠障碍量表（SDSC）和家庭人口统计问题。将样本特征与NI脑瘫登记的年龄匹配的儿童进行比较。数据分析包括描述性统计、独立t检验和多元线性回归。结果：从111个家庭中获得了有效的回复，样本广泛代表了北爱尔兰的CP人群。观察到高患病率的睡眠障碍：43 %的儿童符合基于当代SDSC标准的临床标准，74 %的儿童符合历史标准。最常见的睡眠障碍类型是启动和维持睡眠障碍和睡眠-觉醒过渡障碍。未发现SDSC评分与儿童年龄、社会人口统计学或临床变量之间存在显著关联。结论：这是英国首个使用SDSC量化CP患儿睡眠障碍频率和性质的研究。研究结果表明，卫生专业人员需要定期询问睡眠情况，并提供有针对性的支持。需要进一步的以人群为基础的研究来了解家庭睡眠经历，并为多学科干预和政策提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of conversational AI-enhanced peer-mediated intervention by peers with intellectual disabilities on conversational skills in children with ASD 对话人工智能增强的智力障碍同伴介导干预对ASD儿童对话技能的影响

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105249

Jinyu Fan , Jing Zeng , Huan Li

Background/aims

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often experience conversational difficulties that hinder social interactions and peer relationships. This study examined whether a conversational AI-enhanced peer-mediated intervention delivered by peers with intellectual disabilities (CAI-PMI-ID) yielded superior outcomes in improving conversational skills in children with ASD compared with PMI-ID-only.

Method

This study employed a multiple-probe across participants design and an alternating treatments design to compare the effects of CAI-PMI-ID and PMI-ID-only. Conversational outcomes included quantitative measures (frequency of appropriate initiations and responses) and qualitative measures (mean length of utterance in morphemes, MLU-M; number of different words, NDW; and total number of words, TNW).

Results

CAI-PMI-ID produced greater improvements in the frequency of appropriate conversational initiations and responses than PMI-ID-only. It also yielded superior outcomes in lexical diversity and productivity, as reflected in NDW and TNW. The two intervention conditions resulted in limited and variable effects on MLU-M. CAI-PMI-ID facilitated the successful generalization of conversational skills to interact with different peers.

Conclusions/implications

These preliminary findings support the feasibility and added value of CAI-PMI-ID for enhancing core conversational behaviors and lexical productivity among children with ASD. Future research should integrate evidence-based syntactic supports to promote MLU-M, leverage multimodal and scenario-based AI in natural settings, strengthen AI-peer collaboration, and improve AI speech recognition to enhance intervention effects.

背景/目的：患有自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的儿童经常经历对话困难，这阻碍了社会互动和同伴关系。本研究考察了由智力障碍同伴（CAI-PMI-ID）提供的会话ai增强同伴介导干预是否比仅使用pmi - id的ASD儿童在提高会话技能方面取得了更好的结果。方法：本研究采用跨参与者多探针设计和交替处理设计来比较CAI-PMI-ID和仅pmi - id的效果。会话结果包括定量测量（适当发起和回应的频率）和定性测量（语素的平均话语长度，MLU-M；不同单词的数量，NDW；和总单词数，TNW）。结果：CAI-PMI-ID在适当的会话发起和回应频率方面比仅使用pmi - id有更大的改善。它在词汇多样性和生产力方面也产生了更好的结果，这反映在NDW和TNW中。两种干预条件对MLU-M的影响有限且不同。CAI-PMI-ID促进了与不同同伴互动的会话技巧的成功泛化。结论/意义：这些初步研究结果支持CAI-PMI-ID在增强ASD儿童核心会话行为和词汇生产力方面的可行性和附加价值。未来的研究应整合基于证据的句法支持，推动多模态和基于场景的人工智能在自然环境中的应用，加强人工智能对等协作，改进人工智能语音识别，增强干预效果。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing motor skills through a mindfulness-based program in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A randomized controlled trial 通过一项以正念为基础的计划在智力和发育障碍青少年中提高运动技能：一项随机对照试验

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105253

Nesrine Ben Mansour , Sana Jarraya , Liwa Masmoudi , Ichrak Abdelkefi , Dorra Jallalli , Riadh Dahmen

Objectives

This single-site randomized controlled trial evaluated the effects of an 8-week mindfulness program on motor performance in adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).

Method

A total of forty-seven male participants (mean age: 15.49 ± 0.51 years; mean weight: 61.79 ± 4.19 kg; mean height: 172.53 ± 2.8 cm) were recruited and randomly assigned to one of three groups: a mindfulness group (MG; n = 15), a physical activity group (PAG; n = 16), and a control group (CG; n = 16). The intervention consisted of 16 sessions, lasting 30 min for the MG and 45 min for the PAG, while the CG received no intervention. Motor skills were assessed at baseline (T0) and after the 8-week intervention (T1) using the Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, Second Edition Short Form (BOT-2 SF).

Results

Following the intervention, the MG showed significant improvements across (1) fine motor precision (p < 0.001), (2) fine motor integration (p < 0.001), (3) manual dexterity (p < 0.001), (4) bilateral coordination (p = 0.002), (5) balance (p = 0.001), (6) running speed and agility (p < 0.001), (7) upper-limb coordination (p < 0.001) and (8) strength (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Mindfulness practice is an effective, accessible, and low-cost method to improve motor performance in adolescents with IDD, and its integration into school and therapeutic settings supports their physical development and inclusion.

目的：本单点随机对照试验评估为期8周的正念训练对智力和发育障碍青少年运动表现的影响。MethodA共有47个男性参与者(平均年龄:15.49 ± 0.51年,平均体重:61.79 ±4.19  公斤;意味着高度:172.53 ±2.8  厘米)招募,随机分成三组:正念组(毫克;n = 15),体育活动组(PAG; n = 16)和对照组(CG; n = 16)。干预包括16个疗程，MG组持续30 min， PAG组持续45 min，而CG组没有干预。运动技能在基线（T0）和干预8周后（T1）使用Bruininks-Oseretsky运动能力测试，第二版简表（BOT-2 SF）进行评估。ResultsFollowing干预,MG跨(1)精细运动精度有显著改善(p & lt; 0.001),(2)精细运动集成(p & lt; 0.001),(3)手灵巧度(p & lt; 0.001),(4)双边协调(p = 0.002),(5)平衡(p = 0.001),(6)运行速度和敏捷性(p & lt; 0.001),(7)上肢协调(p & lt; 0.001)和(8)强度(p & lt; 0.001)。结论正念练习是一种有效的、可获得的、低成本的方法，可以改善IDD青少年的运动表现，并且将其融入学校和治疗环境中有助于他们的身体发育和包容。

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引用次数: 0

Strengthening family time: Child abilities and parental support as predictors of participation in children with disabilities 加强家庭时间：儿童能力和父母支持作为残疾儿童参与的预测因素。

IF 2.6 2区医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2026.105252

Anamarija Žic Ralić , Marijana Vrankić Pavon , Sonja Alimović

Background

Family activities foster emotional bonds, shared values, and the well-being of all members. Children with disabilities are generally less involved in family activities, with greater participation at home than in community settings. However, little is known about the predictors of their participation, particularly the roles of independence, challenging behavior, and social–emotional competencies.

Method

In this study, parents of children with disabilities of primary school age (N = 315) completed surveys on family activities, their own parental behaviors, and their child’s social and emotional competencies, independence, and frequency of challenging behaviors.

Results

Children’s independence and social–emotional competencies, together with parental support, emerged as positive predictors of family activities (family time, mealtime and household tasks, and socializing with others). In contrast, challenging behaviors reduced participation in socializing, while parental permissiveness reduced participation in mealtime and household tasks.

Conclusion

These results indicate that both child characteristics and parental behaviors can enhance or hinder participation in family activities, providing insights for targeted interventions to improve family life for children with disabilities.

背景：家庭活动培养所有成员的情感纽带、共同价值观和幸福。残疾儿童一般较少参与家庭活动，在家里的参与多于在社区的参与。然而，对他们参与的预测因素知之甚少，特别是独立性、挑战性行为和社会情感能力的作用。方法：本研究对小学适龄残疾儿童家长（N = 315）进行家庭活动、自身父母行为、儿童社会情感能力、独立性、挑战性行为频次调查。结果：儿童的独立性和社会情感能力，以及父母的支持，成为家庭活动（家庭时间、用餐时间和家务，以及与他人的社交）的积极预测因素。相反，具有挑战性的行为会减少孩子参与社交活动，而父母的纵容会减少孩子参与吃饭和家务。结论：这些结果表明，儿童特征和父母行为都可以促进或阻碍残疾儿童参与家庭活动，为有针对性的干预改善残疾儿童的家庭生活提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0