Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation最新文献

Background: Mining is a high-risk sector, particularly in underground environments, where workers face daily hazards. This research evaluates workplace safety perceptions in Serbian underground coal mines, ranking workers by education, age, and job role, while incorporating injury data to provide a comprehensive assessment of safety across different worker groups.

Objective: This study is aimed at analyses of the correlation between occupational health and safety (OHS) perceptions and the injury index across different worker groups, to identify improvement opportunities and propose targeted measures for enhancing OHS practices.

Methods: The PROMETHEE II method categorized workers based on production units, qualifications, and age, focusing on criteria like protective equipment, work conditions, risk awareness, management, work organization, and training. The entropy method provided objective weightings for these criteria, allowing for comparison with injury index rankings to establish priorities for improvement.

Results: Štavalj and Vrška Čuka ranked highest in OHS perception. Workers with MSc/Dr qualifications displayed heightened awareness of safety, while those aged 56 to 65 exhibited the best understanding of health and safety. Spearman rank correlation coefficients revealed a strong negative correlation (-0.796) for production units, a strong positive correlation (0.70) for qualifications, and a very strong positive correlation (0.90) for age concerning PROMETHEE II rankings and injury index indicators.

Conclusions: The disparities between worker perception rankings and injury index rankings suggest opportunities for targeted safety improvements and enhanced training protocols.

Background: The need for care of patients is increasing day by day as societies age. In parallel with the increase in the need for care, the adequacy of the care provided and the factors affecting it gain importance.

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of nurses' humanistic behavior skills on caregiving competence and the factors affecting it.

Methods: The study sample consisted of 445 nurses working in a state hospital and selected by random sampling method. The study data were collected between January and April 2023. Face-to-face interview method was used to collect the data. The questionnaire application was conducted in a period of approximately 15-20 min. The nurse information form including demographic characteristics, the humanistic behavior skills in nursing practice scale (HPAN) and the caregiving competence scale were used to collect the data.

Results: The nurses' humanistic behavior skills affected their caregiving competence by 0.082. HPAN and age had an effect size of 0.084 on caregiving competence; HPAN, age and gender had an effect size of 0.124 in the triad model; HPAN, age, gender and average overtime worked in a month had an effect size of 0.136 in the quad model.

Conclusions: It was determined that as the humanistic behavior skills of the nurses increased, their caregiving competence also improved. The humanistic behavioral skills of the nurses affect care giving competence at a rate of 8.2%. In addition, age, gender, overtime work and working years also affect care giving competence.

Background: The issue of professional adaptation of servicemen who return to civilian life after dismissal from the Armed Forces of Ukraine and other military formations is highly relevant. This urgency depends on the dramatic changes in their living conditions and requires mastering the rules of behavior and communication in civilian life, improving the existing knowledge, competencies, and skills, and promoting successful employment.

Objective: The purpose of the work is to study modern institutional approaches to the process of labor adaptation of former servicemen, to study the experience of foreign countries, and to formulate ways to improve the Ukrainian system of professional adaptation of former servicemen.

Methods: Drawing on a range of scientific methods including dialectics, systematic analysis, synthesis, deduction, and induction, this study aims to understand modern institutional approaches to labor adaptation for former servicemen.

Results: The study draws attention to the valuable experiences of other countries, including the United States, Sierra Leone, and the United Kingdom, in successfully reintegrating military personnel into civilian life. These examples provide insights into various aspects of social and professional adaptation, such as vocational training, retraining, social housing, and the early initiation of reintegration efforts.

Conclusions: The findings of this study hold practical significance for institutions and organizations involved in supporting the transition of servicemen to civilian life. By providing insights into effective strategies and approaches, this research aims to contribute to the development of more comprehensive and successful professional adaptation programs for former servicemen, ultimately facilitating their successful integration into civilian society.

Background: There has been a growing interest in defining the educational environment in medical and dental institutes that includes different measures to rate and improve it. Evidence suggests that the educational environment directly impacts teaching, learning, well-being, and students' involvement and their successful professional performance. The Undergraduate Clinical Education Environment Measure (UCEEM) is widely used in medical and allied health sciences institutions to evaluate students' perceptions of their clinical learning environment.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterize and contrast how students in two Saudi Arabian dental institutes' bachelor's degree programs perceive their clinical learning environment, to assess how the academic year influences the student behavior and perception as well as find out the strengths and weaknesses of each of the five domains of the questionnaire used in this study.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey study that was conducted from 15^th October 2023 till 15^th December 2023. Students from two Saudi Arabian colleges - College of Dentistry, Jouf University, and College of Dentistry, Qassim University who met the selection criteria were included in the study using the convenience-sampling method. A 38-item modified UCEEM questionnaire, piloted and tested for reliability and internal consistency, consists of 38 items congregated into five overarching dimensions and was mailed to the third-, fourth- and fifth-year UG students and interns of College of Dentistry, Jouf University, and Qassim University. The modified version was developed through quantitative data from various core groups, comprehensive dialogues with students, and the clinical committees of both colleges. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed.

Results: The survey achieved a response rate of 69.0%. Among the respondents, there were 85 (57.8%) males and 62 (42.2%) females, aged between 23 and 32 years. The mean total score for all students was 138.45. Notably, students from Qassim University gave significantly higher scores than the students of Jouf University (p = 0.01). Furthermore, students from Qassim University provided higher ratings for most of the overarching dimensions of experiential learning as compared to the students of Jouf University.

Conclusion: The significant differences between universities highlight the need for tailored interventions to improve the quality of clinical education, particularly in areas related to supervision and experiential learning. We recommend implementing continuing education programs for supervisors to enhance their pedagogical competencies in overseeing students' clinical practice.

Background: Female university students frequently complain of computer-related neck pain after one hour of use, which may cause changes in grip strength and nerve tension in the upper extremity.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare neck pain intensity, grip strength and upper limb neural tension, before and after an hour of computer use between female students with and without neck pain.

Method: There were 36 female students recruited, which were then divided into the neck pain group (n = 18) and the asymptomatic group (n = 18). Pain intensity, hand grip strength, and neurodynamic testing of the upper extremity were evaluated before and after typing a document on a computer for one hour.

Results: There was an increase in neck pain, a decrease in grip strength, and an increase in nerve tension of the median, radial, and ulnar nerves after computer use. However, when comparing between groups, the neck pain group had a significantly greater increase in the tension of only the right median and left ulnar nerves compared to the asymptomatic group.

Conclusion: The current findings demonstrated that an hour spent on a computer can increase neck pain, reduce grip strength, and produce neural tension of upper extremities. However, female students with neck pain had greater increase tension within the median and ulnar nerves, which may result in upper extremity impairment.

Background: The cervical and mandibular regions are main areas of occurrence of pain in wind players.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the design and to find out the level of satisfaction of a specific exercise programme for cervical and mandibular musculature and mobility in wind players.

Methods: The programme was divided into two phases: the first one of education and the second one of implementation. The exercises included were divided into warm-up exercises (including cervical and jaw muscle mobility and activation, as well as postural awareness) and cool-down exercises (stretching and relaxing the main muscles in these areas). The programme was 12 weeks long. Participants were wind musician students.

Results: Twenty-seven students completed the pre- and post-intervention assessment, of which 13 completed the exercises. Considering the total sample, the described difficulty was low and satisfaction was high. The musicians who performed the programme indicated a high importance in instrumental practice and injury prevention, as well as ease of implementation.

Conclusions: Satisfaction with the exercise programme has been high. The fact that it is short, easy to perform and can be done by everyone makes it a quick and simple programme for everyone to do.

Background: Patient outcomes and the organisational success of healthcare institutions are largely influenced by the wellbeing of its staff. Occupational therapy is the fastest growing allied health profession in Australia. Current empirical literature, however, has not investigated the professional wellbeing amongst this group.

Objective: This study explored the professional wellbeing of Victorian bed-based, Grade 2 occupational therapists regarding their professional identity, job satisfaction, turnover intention, work engagement and experiences of work-related burnout.

Method: Thirty-two Grade 2 occupational therapists completed an online survey involving demographics and measures of burnout, job satisfaction, professional identity, turnover intention, and job demands and resources. Eight participants were interviewed to further explore these concepts. Quantitative data were analyzed using Spearman's correlations and linear regression modelling. Qualitative data were analyzed thematically.

Results: A significant positive correlation was found between professional identity and job satisfaction (ρ = .516, p = .002), and a significant negative correlation was observed between professional identity and two burnout subscales: disengagement (ρ = -.533, p = .001) and exhaustion (ρ = -.507, p = .002). A regression model accounted for 39.2% of the variance of participants' professional identity (p = .002). Notable qualitative findings included the contributors to and preventers of staff turnover, implications of working in a discharge-driven environment, and importance of various coping strategies to mitigate the pressures of competing job demands.

Conclusion: This research contributes to the growing understanding of professional wellbeing amongst Grade 2 occupational therapists working in hospital environments, and the factors that contribute to and hinder their wellbeing.

Background: Manual spot-welding operators often engage in repetitive motions, awkward postures, and prolonged standing. These factors increase the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), particularly affecting the lower limbs and back. Additionally, inadequate workstation design impacts workers' health, safety, and productivity.

Objective: Identify the optimal conditions for the spot-welding interface using a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach with three input parameters: pedal height (30, 35, 40 cm), worker distance (70, 80, 90 cm) and worksheet thickness (22, 25, 30 gauge).

Methods: The study employed L27 orthogonal array experimental design. Entropy Weight Method (EWM) was used to determine weight of each factor. The optimal input parameters were identified using Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment (WASPAS) method, with validation from Weighted Grey Relational Analysis (WGRA) and the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) determined the significance of input parameters, and a confirmation test validated the findings.

Results: EWM calculated a weight of 0.3404 to task time, 0.3401 to pedal force, and 0.3193 to comfort level. WASPAS, WGRA, and TOPSIS identified the optimal parameters as pedal height of 35 cm, worker distance of 80 cm, and worksheet thickness of 30-gauge. ANOVA showed that worksheet thickness had the greatest impact on response, followed by worker distance and pedal height. The confirmation test validated the result with high reliability (0.88% error).

Conclusion: This study explored ergonomic recommendations for optimizing spot-welding environments using a statistical and MCDM model focused on improving pedal force, task time, and comfort.

Background: Healthcare workers who find themselves entangled in unforeseen adverse patient events, medical errors, and/or patient-related injuries, experiencing trauma and victimization as a consequence of said incidents, are referred to as "second victims".

Objective: This study aims to validate and assess the reliability of the Turkish version of the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised (SVEST-R).

Methods: The methodological and cross-sectional study involved 400 physicians and nurses in an Edirne tertiary hospital of Turkey. The Turkish SVEST-R and a questionnaire were administered, assessing validity through factor analysis and content validity, and reliability through item-total score correlation, internal consistency, and test-retest methods.

Results: Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test (0.84) and Bartlett Test (p < 0.001) indicated adequate sampling for factor analysis. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified nine factors explaining 71.58% of total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed good fit (x² = 976.95, x²/df = 2.3, CFI = 0.92, GFI = 0.87, RMSEA = 0.05). Cronbach's alpha was 0.85, signifying high internal consistency. Healthcare professionals' average T-SVEST-R score was 2.8 ± 0.5. Among independent variables, professional experience length significantly influenced T-SVEST-R score.

Conclusions: The Turkish version of the Second Victim Experience Support Tool-Revised (T-SVEST-R) has been validated as a reliable scale.