Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation最新文献

BackgroundPhysical activity is essential for preventing chronic disease and maintaining overall health. However, hospital nurses may face challenges maintaining adequate physical activity due to demanding work schedules and occupational stressors.ObjectiveTo examine the levels of physical activity among hospital nurses in Jordan and to identify demographic, occupational, and health-related factors associated with physical activity.MethodA cross-sectional survey was conducted among 750 nurses across Jordanian hospitals, with 597 respondents (80% response rate). Validated self-administered questionnaires were used to assess demographic, work characteristics, psychological well-being, sleep quality, musculoskeletal pain, and physical activity. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics, and multiple linear regression was performed to identify independent associations with physical activity levels.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 32.1 years, and average work hours were 43.4 h per week. Approximately 31% of nurses report moderate physical activity levels, while 40% reported high physical activity levels. Higher physical activity levels were independently associated with longer work hours (β = 46.1; 95% CI: 1.9 to 90.2), more frequent night shifts (β = 163.8; 95% CI: 11.8 to 315.7), and more musculoskeletal pain sites (β = 254.9; 95% CI: 171.3 to 338.7). Having a chronic disease was significantly associated with lower physical activity (β = -1384.1; 95% CI: -2443.5 to -324.1).ConclusionMost nurses met recommended physical activity levels, and their engagement in physical activity was influenced by work demands and health status. Workplace health promotion initiatives should consider these factors to effectively support and sustain physical activity among hospital nurses.

BackgroundOne of the riskiest industries in the world is the construction industry, where employees are subjected to accidents. To reduce these risks, personal protective equipment (PPE) is introduced. Many technical advancements are happening around the globe. However, such advancements are lacking in the construction industry and PPE kits.ObjectiveThis study reviews how product design affects the design of safety boots used in the construction sector.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using SCOPUS, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases, focusing on peer-reviewed journal articles published in English over the last ten years (2014-2024). Articles were selected based on a detailed screening process, including evaluations of titles, abstracts, and full texts, to ensure relevance to the study. Following the PRISMA approach, 30 papers were identified using keywords such as "safety boots," "construction industry," "ergonomics," "IoT," and "AI." These selected studies were analyzed to identify key research questions, findings, and gaps within the field.ResultsResearch has indicated that factors that influence the boot wear design in the construction industry are materials, pressure point, shaft height, shaft weight, boot weight, sole height, foot arch, toe box, ergonomics, foot morphology, technological advancement, etc, all these factors can, directly and indirectly, affect the function, durability, and comfort of the boots. An ergonomically advanced boot can decrease pain, musculoskeletal disorders, and wounds. Artificial intelligence can be directly used in the design process for refinement, prototyping, and analysis. Data analysis, communications, and coordination can be increased by using advanced smart boots. In short, incorporating ergonomics, technologies, and AI can improve the user experience and worker safety.ConclusionBy better understanding the relationship between product design, material, ergonomics, technology and AI, the design of safety boots can promise more comfort and safety. Many factors like toe box, sole height, foot arch, shaft height, weight can directly affect the function of a boot. New materials like cordura, sympatex can be used for making membranes of the boots. Temperature, biometric, chemical sensors, and AI can increase the safety and data analysis. But further research has to be done on many factors like shaft height, weight, sensors, and usage of AI in design process and manufacture. Designing a smart safety boot for construction workers has good scope. The manufacturers can create boots that exceed workers' expectations, thereby providing a safer and more productive work environment.

BackgroundIndividual characteristics, cultural or social background, and present circumstances all influence the elements considered significant in an individual's self-evaluation of life happiness. These factors interact in complex ways, making life satisfaction a deeply personal and contextual experience.ObjectiveThis study examined the mediating influence of work-family conflict on the impact of dark triad personality traits on the life satisfaction of academicians employed in higher education institutions.MethodsData were collected by reaching 496 academicians from different disciplines through an electronic survey method. The concepts of life satisfaction, dark triad personality traits, and work-family conflict, as well as the relationships between the concepts, were examined. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), correlation, and regression analysis were applied to analyze the data set obtained. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used for the mediation test and path analysis.ResultsThe findings of the study indicate that work-family conflict serves as a partial statistical mediator (p < 0.05, β = 0.112) in the relationship between dark triad personality traits and life satisfaction. Dark triad personality traits affect life satisfaction negatively (p < 0.05, β = -0.196) and work-family conflict positively (p < 0.05, β = 0.470).ConclusionThe findings revealed that work-family conflict mediated the relationship between the dark triad traits and life satisfaction by reducing the negative effects of these traits. Stated differently, those with the dark triad personality traits report lower levels of life satisfaction; however, this decline is mitigated when the person also experiences work-family conflict.

BackgroundDue to the unique nature of their work, automotive manufacturing workers are prone to mental health issues. However, in China, few studies have explored the interactive mechanisms among factors affecting their mental health.ObjectiveThis study analyzes the mental health status of workers in the automotive manufacturing industry in Chongqing, China, aiming to provide assistance in improving their mental well-being.MethodsUsing the stratified cluster sampling method, 1296 survey subjects were randomly selected. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey and analyzed using structural equation modeling.ResultsThe prevalence of mental health problems was 20.91%. The results of univariate analysis showed that gender, age, marital status, average weekly working hours, and the need to work night shifts had varying degrees of effect on workers' mental health (P < 0.05). Structural equation modeling showed that occupational health literacy, work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), and working time arrangement all had an effect on mental health, with total effects of -0.153, 0.269, and 0.204, respectively, with occupational health literacy having an indirect effect of -0.034 on mental health through WMSDs.ConclusionsThe detection rate of mental health problems among automobile manufacturing workers in Chongqing is high, and the level of occupational health literacy, the occurrence status of WMSDs, and the schedule of working hours are related to the occurrence of mental health problems, with WMSDs having the greatest impact on the mental health of manufacturing workers.

BackgroundElderly care facilities increasingly face labor shortages, physically demanding tasks, and a growing need for consistent service quality. Robotic technologies have the potential to alleviate workforce strain and improve care delivery, yet their effective adoption requires careful prioritization and planning.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify key strategic factors that influence the adoption of robots in elderly care settings, focusing on improving workforce efficiency, safety, and standardization through a structured, decision-making framework.MethodsUsing the 4Ps innovation framework (Product, Process, People, and Place/Promotion), this research employed the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with 80 nursing hospitals, along with expert Focus Group Interviews (FGIs), to assess the relative importance of factors driving robot adoption in caregiving environments.ResultsStandardization and task homogenization were identified as top priorities for minimizing errors and enhancing service consistency. The study proposes a multi-stage implementation strategy, beginning with pilot adoption of simple-function robots and progressing toward complex applications aligned with institutional readiness. Key influencing factors include people innovation (reducing workforce burden) and process innovation (streamlining operations).ConclusionsThis study provides actionable insights into the strategic deployment of robotic services in elderly care facilities. The findings support phased robot integration as a means to enhance workforce support, promote operational safety, and ensure quality care for aging populations.

BackgroundCleaning and feeding tasks are manually undertaken on animal and poultry farms. The assessment of the physical load on the cardiovascular system of the workers is necessary for work organization.ObjectiveTo assess the cardiovascular load among the workers during cleaning and feeding tasks in the pig and poultry farms.MethodsCardiovascular load among the workers was estimated in two farm types, i.e., pig and poultry, by assessing the heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (VO₂). The HR responses of 36 participants were measured for two tasks namely cleaning and feeding in the selected farms. The VO₂ responses of the participants were measured in laboratory conditions to develop the relationship between HR and VO₂.ResultsThe mean working HR (HR_work) of the participants in the pig farms were 121 ± 4 and 102 ± 4 bpm during the cleaning and feeding tasks, respectively; the mean HR_work of the participants in the poultry farms were 125 ± 2 and 107 ± 1 bpm during the cleaning and feeding tasks, respectively. The mean working oxygen uptake (VO_2work) of the participants in the pig farms was lower than the poultry farms, and its values were 24.19 ± 1.76 and 14.56 ± 2.18 mL/kg/min during the cleaning and feeding tasks, respectively. The cardiovascular load is significantly (p < 0.001) different between the cleaning and feeding tasks for both farms.ConclusionsBased on the HR_work data, the cleaning task is classified as heavy intensity work for both farm types. In contrast, the feeding task is categorized as light intensity work on pig farms but moderate on poultry farms.

BackgroundTrait gratitude, as a stable individual psychological disposition, has been widely acknowledged for its positive association with employees' job satisfaction and overall well-being. However, the mechanisms through which it influences work performance-particularly within the Chinese cultural context-remain underexplored.ObjectiveThis paper aims to investigate the impact of gratitude on employee work performance within the Chinese cultural context, and explore the psychological mechanisms underlying this relationship.MethodA total of 278 employees from a Chinese company were recruited to participate in an online survey. They completed the Gratitude Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Mental Health Continuum-Short Form, and the Job Performance Scale via smartphones or computers. Subsequently, structural equation modeling was conducted to examine the relationships among these variables.ResultsThe results revealed that gratitude significantly and positively predicted work performance (β = 0.20, p < 0.001). Furthermore, psychological resilience, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being each significantly mediated this relationship, with indirect effect values of 0.266, 0.167, and 0.056, respectively. Additionally, the pathways from psychological resilience to psychological well-being and from self-efficacy to psychological well-being functioned as serial mediators, yielding indirect effect values of 0.078 and 0.052, respectively.ConclusionIn summary, this study elucidates the psychological mechanisms through which gratitude influences Chinese employees' work performance. Furthermore, the findings provide practical insights for organizations aiming to enhance employee productivity in the Chinese context. Specifically, psychological interventions designed to strengthen positive psychological resources may effectively improve work performance among Chinese employees with high levels of trait gratitude.

BackgroundFirefighters' willingness to risk their lives is crucial for effective performance in firefighting and rescue operations. While organizational identification is likely to play a significant role in shaping this willingness, empirical research on this relationship remains limited, and the psychological mechanisms underlying this influence are not yet well understood.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a psychological process model that explains how organizational identification influences firefighters' willingness to risk their lives.MethodsA questionnaire-based study was conducted with a sample of 406 firefighters. The proposed model was tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).ResultsThe findings reveal that affective organizational commitment and duty orientation jointly and fully mediate the relationship between organizational identification and firefighters' willingness to risk their lives. Additionally, perceived organizational support (POS) negatively moderates the positive effect of organizational identification on affective organizational commitment.ConclusionsOrganizational identification influences firefighters' affective organizational commitment, which in turn affects their duty orientation, ultimately shaping their willingness to risk their lives during firefighting. As POS increases, the effect of organizational identification on affective organizational commitment becomes weaker.

BackgroundEnsuring care for patients is the first duty of nurses and it represents one of the most important factors of human development and survival.ObjectiveTo explore nurse-patient interactions according to nurses' characteristics, such as: gender, work experience in oncology field and shift work.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out during September-October 2023 among Italian nurses who were employed in oncology settings. Gender, years of work experience in oncology field, shift work and the "Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions Scale" (CNPI) were administered. The CNPI investigated four specific sub dimensions in the nurse-patient relationship, like clinical, relational care, humanistic care and comforting care.ResultsA total of 306 Italian oncology nurses were enrolled. Significant differences were recorded in all four sub dimensions of the CNPI since males reported higher levels than females in clinical (p = 0.006), relational (p = 0.010), humanistic (p = 0.047) and comforting care (p = 0.009) sub dimensions.ConclusionsFuture investigations on individual characteristics which probably influence nurses' caring attitudes will be considered, like personality traits, personal priorities, and commitment, beyond individual characteristics, as: conscience, spiritual beliefs, personal philosophy and altruism predisposition, a sense of duty.