Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation最新文献

BackgroundWell-being at work is a critical concern, with a significant portion of the workforce reporting adverse mental health impacts due to work-related stress.ObjectiveThis narrative review explores the relationship between attachment theory and work-related mental health, focusing on how attachment influences employee experiences and outcomes.MethodsA literature search across databases, including PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, was conducted, emphasizing empirical studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.ResultsThe literature suggests that secure attachment leads to better emotional regulation, lower stress, and higher job satisfaction. Conversely, insecure attachment contributes to increased burnout, emotional distress, and lower job performance. Supportive leader-follower relationships can mitigate the adverse effects of insecure attachment by providing a secure base for employees. The review also highlights the importance of considering attachment strategies within the context of diversity and systemic challenges and recognizes that survival mechanisms in one context can be unfairly viewed as maladaptive in another.ConclusionsEnhancing secure attachment through supportive leadership and organizational practices can promote better mental health outcomes and overall workplace well-being.

BackgroundThe number of seasonal workers in the agricultural sector in France is increasing and their working conditions are difficult and disgraceful. While they have been shown in various studies to be subject to processes that result in them being unable to act on occupational health, some of them, mobilized online, have formed a collective whose is permitted them to develop collective actions.ObjectivesOur article aims to describe this online collective and how the power to act emerged from the discussions. The purpose it's also to determine how the functioning of these groups fosters the expression of a collective point of view and the achievement of goals that is not attained elsewhere.MethodsWe carried out a collaborative research online with a collective of seasonal workers, which consisted in following and taking part in discussions about conditions at work and outside of work, using an instant messaging tool. The results of this collaborative research, included testimonies registration and co-produced with seasonal workers, has been analyzed mobilizing A. Sen's capabilities approach.ResultsDuring their online discussions, the seasonal workers allow themselves to share the situations of injustice they are subject to with the other members. Here, we present their output and collective actions which were made possible by the mobilization of the resources of some of their members or by collaborating with other actors.ConclusionsIn spite of the remarkable conversion factors made available through this collective action online, certain "failures" show that in order for these workers to have better access to their rights, effective support by public policy is indispensable.

Background:  Firefighting's physically demanding and hazardous nature requires firefighters to maintain optimal cardiometabolic and musculoskeletal health. It is suspected that metabolic syndrome (MetS) may contribute significantly to both sudden cardiac arrest and debilitating injury in firefighters, however, there are no studies investigating this relation.

Objective:  The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between MetS and Musculoskeletal Health (MSH) in Firefighters.

Methods:  Using systemic sampling, 309 firefighters were recruited to participate. Using physical measures and questionnaires, risk factors for MetS were assessed. MSH was classified as musculoskeletal injuries and musculoskeletal discomfort, and assessed using the Nordic and Cornell musculoskeletal discomfort questionnaires. Logistic and multinomial regressions were used to assess the relationship between variables.

Results:  MetS was significantly associated with injuries in firefighters (p = 0.026). Healthy firefighters experienced more musculoskeletal discomfort than firefighters with metabolic syndrome (p = 0.045). Triglyceride and blood glucose concentrations were significantly associated with musculoskeletal injuries (p = 0.038) and musculoskeletal discomfort (p = 0.035). Multinomial regression indicated that firefighters with one, two and three risk factors were at increased odds of 5.01, 2.40, and 2.36 times than healthy firefighters.

Conclusion:  This study suggests that cardiometabolic health may directly affect the musculoskeletal health of firefighters and may play a crucial role in their overall health and well-being.

BackgroundFirst-line healthcare managers navigate complex organizational demands to ensure a good work environment and quality care. Key factors such as expanded span of control, leadership and management performance, and work-related stress significantly influence their job satisfaction. However, how these factors evolve over time in organizational settings remains unclear.ObjectiveTo examine expanded span of control, leadership and management performance, work-related stress, and job satisfaction among first-line healthcare managers and assess whether the relationships between these variables remained stable over time.MethodsA repeated cross-sectional design was used to collect annual data from 2020 to 2023 among first-line managers in a Swedish healthcare organization. The Ottawa Hospital Span of Control tool, the Leadership and Management Inventory, the Health & Safety Executive stress tool, and a single-item job satisfaction measure were used to collect data. Kruskal-Wallis tests and Spearman correlation analysis were performed.ResultsAn expanded span of control negatively impacted job satisfaction in certain years. Leadership and management performance showed a positive but inconsistent association with job satisfaction. Factors in work-related stress, particularly high demands and strained relationships, consistently had a negative relationship with job satisfaction, whereas control and support positively contributed to greater job satisfaction.ConclusionsWork-related stress, driven by high demands and poor relationships, significantly decreases job satisfaction. Leadership and management performance influence satisfaction, but inconsistently. Reducing workload and improving support structures can enhance job satisfaction and managerial effectiveness.

BackgroundAging is a natural part of human life and brings both advantages-disadvantages. Ageism is one of these disadvantages, which affects older people-workers and all individuals in society directly/indirectly today and seems to affect tomorrow.ObjectivesThis study evaluates public service providers' attitudes towards the elderly and obtains their opinions about elderly employees for the first time. With this study, we aimed to find out some variables that may affect the attitudes of public employees towards the elderly and elderly workers.MethodsIn 2021, this study was conducted on 283 public employees from the province of Hatay in southern Turkey. The study used a 23-question AAS (Attitude towards Ageism Scale) scale to measure discrimination against the elderly. Furthermore, the authors conducted a review of the existing literature and developed a series of questions for a questionnaire designed to elicit attitudes towards older workers.ResultsDespite the demographic changes in our country in recent decades, our research has revealed that participants hold a positive attitude towards the elderly due to their respect for the elderly, which is an important part of our cultural heritage. However, there is also concern regarding discriminatory attitudes and ideas towards elderly workers.ConclusionAs societies aging, it is inevitable that the workforce will also become older. This study is of significant value as it addresses the ongoing interactions between public employees and older individuals. Furthermore, this study makes a substantial contribution to the development of solutions to address these interactions and to the prevention of all forms of discrimination, such as ageism.

BackgroundScholars have recently raised concerns regarding the validity of widely-used burnout measures, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). At the same time, the Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI) has been proposed as an alternative measure of job-related distress.ObjectiveThe aim of this commentary is to point out that the items of the ODI confound depressive symptoms that may be experienced by workers, such as lack of energy, feelings of worthlessness, and sleep problems, with their assumed work-related causes, particularly high levels of job stressors.MethodsThis commentary uses conceptual and methodological arguments to describe the problematic consequences of confounded measurement in the ODI.ResultsThis commentary suggests that, when researchers use the ODI in empirical studies, confounded measurement can lead to artificially inflated associations between measures of job stressors (e.g., work demands, role conflict, job insecurity) and occupational depression. Moreover, it can be unclear whether associations between occupational depression and potential outcomes (e.g., low job satisfaction, turnover intentions) are caused by depressive symptoms, job stressors, or both.ConclusionsIt is recommended that researchers assess job stressors and workers' depressive symptoms separately, ideally using multiple sources and time lags to avoid inflated associations between constructs.

BackgroundWhile the influence of leadership on organizational innovation is known, the contribution of ethical leadership to innovation via the mediating factors of trust and safety behavior is less examined within the healthcare sector. This study examines the impact of ethical leadership on organizational innovation, mediated by trust and safety behavior, within the healthcare sectors of Pakistan and China.ObjectivesThis study analyzes the comparative influence of ethical leadership on trust, safety behaviors, and organizational innovation in Pakistan and China. Specifically, it investigates the sequential mediating role of trust and safety behavior.MethodsThe current study employed a quantitative cross-sectional methodology and examined 302 nurses: 159 from Sindh, Pakistan, and 143 from Heilongjiang, China. The proposed relationships and cross-cultural differences were examined utilizing the structural equation model.ResultsThe findings demonstrate that ethical leadership substantially affects trust, safety behavior, and innovation in both cultures, though with cultural variances. In China, ethical leadership exerts a more pronounced direct influence on followers' safety behavior and innovation than in Pakistan, where the collectivist and hierarchical culture enhances trust and safety behavior by mediating roles. In both scenarios, trust and safety behavior link ethical leadership to innovation.ConclusionThis comparative study emphasizes the global importance of ethical leadership for trust, safety behavior, and innovation while highlighting cultural differences between Pakistan and China. In China, the influence of ethical leadership is more pronounced due to its organized administration. Still, in Pakistan, the collectivist and hierarchical society enhances the mediating effects of trust and safety behaviors. These findings are significant for healthcare firms to tailor ethical leadership to many cultures, enhancing trust, compliance, and innovation globally.

Background: The modern work from home (WFH) arrangement presents a unique paradox, offering workers the freedom to customize their workspace while simultaneously exposing them to potential negative effects from the blending of home and work domains, particularly through sensory disturbances from nonwork sources.

Objective: We examine the relationships between spatial variables within home workspaces (home workspace size, location, and depth) and employees' self-reported sensory (visual, auditory, olfactory) experiences from the home domain. We explore how these sensory experiences relate to two key negative worker outcomes and consider how these outcomes may relate to an individual's future intention to work from home. Additionally, we integrate boundary theory to explain the interplay between home and work domains.

Methods: 199 administrative staff workers were recruited through email solicitations to participate in an online survey. After giving informed consent, participants provided demographic, workspace-related, and attitudinal data. Data was gathered between August and September 2022.

Results: Results show that individuals working in their kitchen and open areas of the home reported more visual disturbances than individuals working in enclosed areas. Larger workplaces were also associated with fewer auditory disturbances. In turn, visual and auditory disturbances were associated with increased stress and home-to-work boundary violations, which had a negative relationship with future work-from-home intentions.

Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of optimizing the spatial configuration of home workspaces to minimize the impact of sensory disturbances on stress and work-home boundaries, thereby supporting a more sustainable work-from-home experience.

BackgroundThe presence of person with disabilities may have a negative impact on the quality of life and caregiving responsibilities of the parent. Staff at rehabilitation centers face a variety of stressors and workloads. It is essential to implement initiatives that alleviate the caregiving burden and enhance the quality of life for parents.ObjectiveThe study aimed to examine the effect of health promotion model based counseling services on caregiving burden and quality of life in parents of person with disabilities.MethodsThis randomized control study was conducted on 110 parents in 6 Rehabilitation Centers. Parents in the experimental group were counseled, and control group were not. Caregiving burden levels were evaluated using the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale and quality of life levels evaluated at the beginning and end of the study using the Quality of Life Scale.ResultsA statistically significant difference was found in the large effect size between the ZCBS and SF-36 pre-test and post-test mean scores of the experimental group. The health promotion model based counseling service was effective in increasing parents' quality of life and reducing caregiving burden.ConclusionWe described a high caregiving burden and low quality of life levels in parents of person with disabilities. Counseling was effective to reduce caregiving burden and increase quality of life. Education and counseling are the primary roles of nurses. An appropriate health professional, especially a public health nurse, be present during the counseling process, providing ongoing services to parents of person with disabilities.

BackgroundWork-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are a significant concern in occupational health. However, in South Korea, the implementation of effective ergonomic assessment methods remains limited owing to procedural complexities and a lack of understanding. This highlights the critical need for a comprehensive approach to assess musculoskeletal workload and mitigate WMSDs.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to compare the reliability of four work posture assessment methods and to propose a new Musculoskeletal Disorder Assessment Index (MDAI) that is easy to use and can evaluate local work load.MethodsThis study introduced a novel Musculoskeletal Disorder Assessment Index (MDAI) that incorporates posture, force, and repeatability as primary risk factors. The MDAI was compared with established assessment methods using empirical data gathered from a manufacturing facility. Thirty-two tasks encompassing diverse physical activities were evaluated using these methods, and their respective action levels were analyzed.ResultsThe MDAI offered a more comprehensive assessment, effectively capturing local workload variations across different body regions. Statistical analysis revealed significant disparities between the MDAI and the other methods, underscoring the distinct advantages of the MDAI approach in accurately assessing local workload. The MDAI excelled in evaluating tasks involving intricate and diverse local workload factors.ConclusionsThis study contributes to the field of ergonomics by introducing a novel musculoskeletal disorder assessment index that enhances the detailed evaluation of local body region workload. Considering posture, force, and repeatability, the MDAI provides a reliable framework for identifying and addressing the risks associated with musculoskeletal disorders.