Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation最新文献

BackgroundEmergency nurses, working in high-pressure and stressful environments, often face sudden traumatic events such as critical patient resuscitation and accident scene management. Prolonged exposure to these stressors can lead to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Identifying and analyzing the associated risk factors and developing an effective predictive model can provide a scientific basis for early intervention and psychological support, thereby improving the psychological resilience and work efficiency of emergency nurses.ObjectiveWe analyzed the risk factors for PTSD among emergency-room nurses and developed a prediction model.MethodsA cohort comprising 89 nurses from the emergency departments were enrolled in this study. The incidence of PTSD was documented among these nurses. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out on the influencing factors of PTSD among nurses, and a prediction model was developed and verified.ResultsAmong the cohort of 89 emergency-room nurses, 22 nurses, constituting 24.92%, experienced PTSD, while 67 nurses, accounting for 75.28%, did not exhibit PTSD symptoms. Univariate analysis indicated that there were no notable differences in gender, age, education, years of work experience, introverted personality traits, family history of mental disorders, history of childhood trauma, monthly income, and prior mental health conditions (P > 0.05). However, significant differences were observed in negative coping styles, low resilience, social support levels, and frequent shifts between the two groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that negative coping, frequent shifts, limited social support, and low resilience were risk factors for PTSD among emergency-room nurses (P < 0.05). The negative coping mechanism exhibited the highest score of 100, while frequent shifts and a history of mental disorders scored 52 each. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for both the modeling set and the internal validation set were 0.951 and 0.962, respectively.ConclusionsConsiderations of factors such as negative coping, social support level, frequent shifts, and resilience are crucial for managing PTSD incidence among emergency-room nurses after trauma.

BackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a significant health concern among medical students, potentially impacting their academic performance and future professional careers. Understanding the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of MSDs in this population is crucial for developing effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence, distribution, and risk factors of MSDs among medical students, focusing on comorbidity patterns and pain localization.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 3809 medical students in Hubei, China. The Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Self-Assessment Scale was used to assess MSD prevalence. Risk factors were analyzed using logistic regression, and pain patterns and comorbidity associations were examined using the Apriori algorithm.ResultsMSD prevalence was 21.2% in the past week and 21.6% in the past year, with neck and shoulders most affected. Significant risk factors included older age, prolonged screen time, physical inactivity, and obesity, while sufficient sleep reduced risk. Female students had higher prevalence (61.4% vs. 38.6% in males). Single-site pain was reported by 7.2% of participants, while 6.9% experienced two-site pain. A strong comorbidity association was observed between neck/shoulder pain and upper back pain.ConclusionsMSDs among medical students are influenced by gender, age, screen time, sleep duration, and physical activity levels, often presenting as multi-site pain. These findings highlight the need for medical students to improve MSD awareness and implement preventive strategies to mitigate future work-related health risks.

BackgroundThe evolving corporate landscape necessitates innovation in workplace practices to maintain a competitive advantage. Agile Human Resource Management (HRM) is increasingly recognised as a driver of innovative work behaviour, particularly in the education sector.ObjectiveThis study examines the impact of agile HRM on innovative work behaviour in Pakistan's education sector. It explores the mediating role of employee value co-creation and the moderating effect of top management championship in this relationship.MethodsA survey-based quantitative research design was employed, utilising snowball sampling to collect data from faculty members in private, public, and semi-government universities in Pakistan. Structural equation modelling (SEM) via Smart PLS 4.0 was used for hypothesis testing.ResultsThe findings indicate a strong positive relationship between agile HRM and innovative work behaviour. Employee value co-creation significantly mediates this relationship, emphasising the importance of collaboration. Furthermore, top management championship moderates the relationship between agile HRM and employee value co-creation, highlighting the critical role of leadership support.ConclusionThe study highlights the importance of agile HRM strategies in fostering innovation within the education sector. It provides insights for HR policymakers and institutions aiming to foster workplace creativity through adaptive HRM practices and strong leadership support.

BackgroundTeachers frequently experience musculoskeletal problems, particularly neck/shoulder pain (NSP) and low back pain (LBP), which are major contributors to absenteeism.ObjectiveTo examine the association between absenteeism due to NSP and LBP and a broad set of factors: demographics, health, sleep, work conditions, ergonomics, lifestyle behaviors, and wearable technology use among teachers in Saudi Arabia.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted between January and February 2024. Teachers were recruited via social media platforms, and data were collected through a web-based questionnaire. Self-reported absenteeism and predictor variables were analyzed using logistic regression and Odds Ratio (OR).ResultsA total of 232 school teachers participated. Absenteeism prevalence was 45.3% for NSP and 46.1% for LBP. Most factors, such as age, gender, smoking, workload, were not significantly associated with absenteeism. Likewise, smartwatch or health app use showed no statistically significant effect, likely due to low adoption. However, frequent use of neck or back support, often reflecting underlying pain severity, was a strong predictor of absenteeism (NSP: OR = 5.76; 95% CI: 1.80-18.47; LBP: OR = 4.89; 95% CI: 1.43-16.77). Sleep disturbances significantly increased absenteeism risk for NSP (OR = 5.44; 95% CI: 2.38-12.45) and LBP (OR = 5.14; 95% CI: 2.13-12.40). Frequent nervousness (OR = 2.61; 95% CI: 1.08-6.31) and low physical activity (OR = 2.38; 95% CI: 1.03-5.51) were also associated with higher absenteeism.ConclusionsUse of ergonomic supports, sleep disturbance, nervousness, and sedentary behavior were key predictors of absenteeism. Interventions should focus on ergonomic improvements, sleep hygiene, stress management, and promoting physical activity. Future studies should explore strategies to improve wearable technology adoption for musculoskeletal health monitoring.

BackgroundTeachers' mental health and interpersonal trust are critical for fostering a positive educational environment. Workplace spirituality and organizational justice are increasingly recognized as important factors influencing these outcomes, yet their specific impacts remain underexplored in educational settings.ObjectiveThis study examines the effects of workplace spirituality and organizational justice on teachers' interpersonal trust and mental health, with a focus on the mediating role of interpersonal trust.MethodsStructural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the relationships between workplace spirituality, organizational justice, interpersonal trust, and mental health. Data were collected from teachers and analyzed to determine the direct and indirect effects of the variables.ResultsThe analysis revealed significant positive effects of workplace spirituality on interpersonal trust and mental health, as well as organizational justice on interpersonal trust and mental health. Interpersonal trust mediated the relationship between workplace spirituality, organizational justice, and mental health. The model explained 56.8% of the variance in interpersonal trust and 67.1% of the variance in mental health.ConclusionsFostering workplace spirituality and organizational justice is essential for enhancing teachers' interpersonal trust and mental health. These findings suggest that school management should design and implement supportive policies and programs to promote these factors. Future research should investigate additional variables influencing teacher well-being and consider diverse educational settings or methodologies.

BackgroundConstruction workers in Europe are, like other employees in the future, expected to work until they are in their late sixties. Physically demanding work in the construction sector may challenge older workers. Still, little is known about their perspective on work participation, which could contribute to a deeper understanding of how to keep construction workers in the labour force.ObjectiveTo explore how older construction workers experience their work participation to gain a deeper understanding of their perspectives on work life and factors influencing their decision to remain or leave the labour market.MethodsTwenty semi-structured individual interviews with male construction workers between 56 and 66 of age were conducted, and thematic narrative analysis was performed to identify their perspectives on work participation.ResultsThree core narratives were identified, illustrating how former work life shaped construction workers' perspectives on current work participation and future work life. One narrative gave insight about a demanding work life, another narrative how they found ways to manage and lastly a narrative emphasised work ethics and economy. Years of hard labour and health risks had influenced their current work life and how they view future work, yet they had adapted and managed construction work while ageing.ConclusionsFindings emphasize how construction workers' continuing work participation depends on their physical capability, a supportive work environment and their financial situation. Future interventions targeting construction worker's work participation while ageing need to consider how employers and labour market policies can help retain construction workers in the workforce.

BackgroundFirefighters are the first responders who are actively involved in emergency mitigation and rescue. It is critical to explore and evaluate the mental health variables among the firefighters as they are dealing with extreme stressors and make critical decisions during emergencies.ObjectiveThis study was aimed at exploring the association between the cognitive resource named metacognition and personal resources such as personality traits and dispositional resilience among the firefighters.MethodsA total of 103 firefighters in India were participated in this pilot study. Data were collected from the participants in the month of March 2024 via standardized measures. Data were analysed using SPSS software. Descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation and regression analyses were used in the study.ResultsThe results revealed that metacognition positively predicts dispositional resilience (β = 0.429, t = 4.77, p < 0.001). Additionally, Metacognition was positively associated with the personality trait of conscientiousness (β = 0.346, t = 3.710, p < 0.001). More importantly, study revealed that the variables metacognition (β = .228) and conscientiousness (β = .350) collectively predicted the dispositional resilience (F (2, 100) = 14.95, p < .001, R² = 0.23).ConclusionFindings of this study imply that a higher level of metacognitive awareness and skills, along with conscientiousness may help the firefighters to build greater resilience in the face of occupational challenges. These findings underscore the significance of enhancing metacognitive skills and personality traits through efficacious interventions within the firefighting community for ensuring professional well-being and resilience.

BackgroundWork from home (WFH) has become a popular option for office employees since the outbreak of COVID-19. Office settings and environments that affect employees' well-being have been widely researched. However, research on the homeworkers' home setting while working from home and employees' well-being in Hong Kong is limited.ObjectiveThe study explored the association between WFH settings, including home workstation satisfaction and home environment comfort, and employees' physical and psychological well-being.MethodsData were collected via online questionnaires from homeworkers (N = 222) during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. The association between each variable was examined using the Pearson correlation. Hierarchical regression analysis was then used to explore the models of homeworkers' physical and psychological well-being regarding the satisfaction of home workstations and the comfort of the homeworkers' home environment.ResultsHome workstation satisfaction positively correlates to employees' physical well-being but is not significantly correlated to employees' psychological well-being. Meanwhile, home environmental comfort positively correlates to both physical and psychological well-being.ConclusionsThe study offers the following implications for practice to organization: Implement a WFH policy and ergonomics program with professional guidance by an ergonomist; provide suitable furniture for homeworkers and create a workstation setup guide, along with an environmental comfort checklist. Homeworkers: set up an appropriate workstation, arrange a comfortable work environment, and maintain a good work practice of taking regular breaks. Designers: Interior designers create unique spaces that enhance work-life balance, while product designers develop flexible solutions for remote work in shared living environments.

BackgroundJob satisfaction is a critical indicator of the efficacy and efficiency of any organization.ObjectivesThe current study aims to assess job satisfaction levels using JSS among employees of a large tertiary rehabilitation institution and to determine factors associated with satisfaction levels within different domains.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional study that was conducted at Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Humanitarian City (SBAHC) between August and November 2022. The study targeted all full-time employees working for more than six months who were willing to complete the job satisfaction survey (JSS) questionnaire.ResultsThe overall response rate was 64.32% with a total of 1105 employees responding to the questionnaire. The overall job satisfaction rate was 31.13%. The mean overall score was 131.42±27.43. The highest mean score was for the nature of work domain at 17.96 ± 5.50, followed by the communication domain at 15.45 ± 5.74, and then the supervision domain at 15.16 ± 4.09. The other domains had a mean score below 15, with the pay domain having the lowest mean job satisfaction score at 12.99 ± 4.65. Age over 40 years was significantly associated with a 32% increased risk of dissatisfaction.ConclusionWork nature and environment are the main pillars of job satisfaction; therefore, the organization's management should adopt techniques that could increase satisfaction and motivation related mainly to the nature of work through organizing entertainment programs, consolidating the relationship with co-workers, and facilitating satisfactory supervisor-subordinate relationships.

BackgroundBarriers to the delivery of vocational rehabilitation have been reported as a lack of knowledge, skills and confidence in occupational therapists who deliver these services. A program aimed at overcoming these barriers was developed to provide training in the delivery of vocational rehabilitation services. The program includes three decision-making tools to facilitate not only knowledge translation but also practice changes. The tools are (1) Return-to-Work Decision Tree, (2) Performance-based Assessment Tool, (3) Job Match Tool.ObjectiveThe objective of the research was to obtain consensus on the acceptability and utility of the developed tools to facilitate clinical reasoning in the delivery of vocational rehabilitation services.MethodsA nominal group technique was used to obtain consensus on the developed tools. During a second phase, participants were sent revised versions of the tools and asked to comment on the tools' clinical utility using a four-point Likert scale.ResultsThe Return-to-Work Decision Tree and the Performance-based Assessment Tool received a 100% agreement in terms of clinical utility with the Job Match Tool receiving a 90% agreement for clinical utility. Participants made valuable recommendations such as adding a user manual and a training workshop to facilitate implementation of the tools.ConclusionThe three tools developed to support clinical reasoning and decision making during the vocational rehabilitation process were reported to be acceptable by the expert participants. Further development of the Job Match Tool is recommended.