Work-A Journal of Prevention Assessment & Rehabilitation最新文献

BackgroundConstruction sites generate large volumes of textual safety data, yet inconsistent terminology and mixed-language expressions (MLEs) reduce the reliability of analysis. Korean safety violation and warning reports (SVWRs), a localized form of safety observation reports, are often written with irregular spacing, abbreviations, and hybrid vocabulary, hindering systematic utilization for data-driven safety management.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop and validate a domain-specific text normalization framework to improve the linguistic consistency and analytical reliability of SVWRs.MethodsA dataset of 64,999 SVWRs collected from 39 construction sites in South Korea was analyzed. A rule- and dictionary-based normalization pipeline was designed to unify fragmented terms and standardize MLEs. Topic modeling was conducted using topic modeling with symmetric priors and eight topics aligned with national safety categories.ResultsNormalization increased topic-model coherence from 0.412 to 0.497 (20.6% improvement), clarifying risk structures across categories such as falls, electrical hazards, and fire prevention. It revealed co-occurring risk patterns previously obscured by inconsistent language use, demonstrating that linguistic preprocessing is crucial for reliable text-based safety analytics.ConclusionsThe proposed framework enhances both methodological reliability and practical applicability by converting fragmented field reports into standardized, analyzable data. Its dictionary-based architecture can be extended to other agglutinative or multilingual languages, supporting scalable and data-driven safety management in the construction industry.

BackgroundOccupational Health and Safety (OHS) training plays a central role in promoting safety culture and risk awareness among university students. While face-to-face education has traditionally been preferred, online and hybrid models have gained prominence. However, there is limited research that systematically compares these delivery methods using structured decision-making models.ObjectiveThis study aims to develop a quantitative decision-support framework to evaluate and rank face-to-face, online, and hybrid OHS basic training methods using an integrated Entropy AHP-VIKOR multi-criteria decision-making approach.MethodsThree training alternatives were evaluated based on eight pedagogical, technical, and administrative criteria. Criterion weights were determined objectively using the Entropy-based Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the VIKOR method was applied to identify the compromise solution among alternatives.ResultsThe hybrid training model achieved the lowest S, R, and Q values in the VIKOR analysis, ranking first among alternatives. Pedagogical impact, participation, and retention emerged as the most influential criteria according to Entropy AHP weighting results.ConclusionsThe integrated Entropy AHP-VIKOR model provides a transparent and objective framework for selecting OHS training methods. The findings support prioritizing hybrid delivery for university-level OHS education while reserving face-to-face components for practice-oriented modules and online components for theoretical content.

BackgroundIn healthcare applications and organizations, perceptions of patients or the public in research play an important role in accepting artificial intelligence (AI) technologies.ObjectiveThe aims of the study were to develop: (1) to psychometrically adapt the AI in healthcare perception scale to the Turkish sample and (2) to examine statistical differences in positive and negative perceptions of AI in healthcare with the medical mistrust index, physician trust, age, and years of education, as well as the association with AI-knowledge and feelings.MethodsFor the psychometric design, the adaptation followed Beaton's cross-cultural translation stages to ensure conceptual and linguistic equivalence of the Turkish version. A correlational and cross-sectional designs were employed to examine relationships among variables. The study questionnaire was divided into four sections: a demographic form, the Perception of AI in Healthcare Scale (PAIHS), the Medical Mistrust Index (MMI), and the Trust in Physician Scale (TPS).ResultsExploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA and CFA) revealed a two-factor structure representing independent positive and negative perceptions. Goodness-of-fit indices indicated an acceptable to good model fit $(p<.01)$. Cronbach's Alpha and McDonald's Omega reliability coefficients of positive-PAIH-TR were .949, .950, and negative-PAIH-TR were .956, .956. MANCOVA showed significant differences between the AI-knowledge and feelings groups according to the combination of positive and negative perception scores $(p<.01).$ConclusionsTwo independent scales were adapted and found to be psychometrically valid. Different categorizations of the scale scores were used to reveal the true nature of the neutral tendency toward AI.

BackgroundHotel catering workers are exposed to an exceptionally elevated risk of occupational injuries and illnesses, and are particularly vulnerable due to the physically demanding nature of their routine tasks, as well as both personal and organizational conditions.ObjectiveThe aim of the current research is to examine the potential impact of influencing factors (e.g., sex, nationality, age, workplace, contract, length of service, night work) associated with different types of injuries sustained by hotel catering workers.MethodsA total sample of 58,855 accidents among hotel catering workers were analyzed in a cross-sectional study, with a logistic regression model being employed to estimate the odds ratio (OR) values. It should be noted that bias due to underreporting of accidents may have some impact on the data used in the study.ResultsThe results indicate that high-risk and high-protective factors were especially significant in neck injuries. Female and native workers, those below the age of 45, and night workers presented a higher risk of neck injuries. In contrast, foreign male workers, those older than 45, and those working in their habitual workplace presented a lower risk of suffering a neck injury.ConclusionsIt is notable that no universal protective variable was found for all of the types of injury studied. Risk profiles are specific to particular injury types, thereby limiting the effectiveness of uniform or generalized safety interventions. Hotel safety managers should pay particular attention to those workers presenting the highest risk according to their risk profiles.

BackgroundThe construction industry internationally and in Taiwan experiences high rates of injury, and fatalities. Worker behaviour is frequently associated with construction site accidents. The paper examines evidence on the effectiveness of a safety culture focus in improving safety behaviour on Taiwanese construction sites.ObjectiveTaking a public health approach, the research systematically evaluates safety culture focused initiatives to enhance construction site safety in Taiwan, with a particular focus on SMEs, given their overrepresentation in accident statistics.MethodsInformation from a systematic review of safety culture research in construction published between 2014 and 2024, combined with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) Evidence to Decision (EtD) process, was used to assess the evidence supporting safety culture improvements. The combination of methods provides a systematic framework with a novel perspective on safety culture initiatives to improve safety behaviour in construction.ResultsEvidence from 99 articles shows that emphasising safety climate can improve construction workers' safety behaviour. Nonetheless, key questions around resourcing, acceptability, and feasibility remain, particularly for small and medium enterprises. Benefits may include reduced government compensation costs and better health equity in the industry.ConclusionThis review using EtD offers a new perspective on international safety-climate research and highlights key gaps in construction safety. The findings suggest that EtD supports comprehensive evidence assessment for practical and policy use. Limited data in many areas points to the need for more holistic, public health-focused research to help achieve construction safety policy goals in Taiwan.

BackgroundNursing students who are majoring to become nurses are under risk with regards to complications and injuries due to practice lack and insufficient clinical experience.ObjectiveThis research was conducted to determine the knowledge, attitude, and behaviors of nursing faculty students regarding needlestick and sharps injuries.MethodsThis research was planned in a descriptive and correlational study. Attitude 447 students who accepted to take part in the research and suitable to the criterions of inclusion accounted for the sampling of the research. Scale oriented to "Attitude Scale for Safe Use of Sharps by Healthcare Workers" and "Student Information Form'' were used in the gathering of data.ResultsIt was seen that 29.5% of the students experienced at least one NSSIs during their education life and the most common injuries were in the 4^th year. Overall score point average of "Attitude Scale for Safe Use of Sharps" was found to be 118.11 ± 7.33 and according to age, gender, wounding case, wounding area and wounding reason, statistically significant differences were determined as regards to total scale and subscale score averages.ConclusionsAs a result, although the scores that the students knowledge, attitude and behaviours were high, it was seen that there were injuries. The sustenance of trainings oriented to preventing injuries can be suggested.

BackgroundWork-life balance (WLB) is crucial for occupational health, especially for bus conductors, who face high levels of stress and irregular schedules. Despite the extensive exploration of WLB across occupations globally, a pronounced research gap exists for bus conductors, notably in the Sri Lankan context.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to develop and validate a context-specific WLB tool for Sri Lanka Transport Board (SLTB) bus conductors.MethodsThe tool was developed via qualitative methods (in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews) and a review of existing tools, followed by pilot testing. Statistical analyses were conducted for exploratory factor analysis (EFA), whereas confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed using the lavaan package in R. The sample sizes for the factor analyses adhered to the established subject-to-item ratio guidelines, ensuring the statistical robustness of the psychometric validation.ResultsThe tool showed high reliability (Cronbach's α = 0.784) and strong construct validity, as supported by EFA with 147 bus conductors and CFA with a separate sample of 100. It comprises 10 items with three dimensions, namely, work-family integration, institutional support and work satisfaction, and health and work interference, collectively explaining 75.7% of WLB variance.ConclusionThis study provides a validated, context-specific instrument to measure the WLB of bus conductors, which can be used by relevant stakeholders to assess, compare, and improve WLB following targeted interventions, thereby enhancing the efficiency of public transportation bus services.

BackgroundFor any organization, it is crucial to understand that its internal CSR practices should be perceived positively and enhance satisfaction and happiness, ultimately leading to its employees' long-term intention to stay and improved job performance.ObjectiveDrawing on social exchange theory and social identity theory, the study examines the role of internal CSR in promoting employee happiness, intention to stay, and job performance through top management support.MethodsThe data were collected using a self-administered survey and convenience sampling. Initially, 450 questionnaires were distributed among hotel staff at various levels; however, only 293 questionnaires were used for further analysis. Notably, 70.30% of the respondents were male and 29.70% female, with the majority being young adults aged 20-30 (53.24%) and 30-40 (25.94%). PLS-SEM using Smart PLS (4.0) was used to test the proposed hypotheses.ResultsTop management support moderates the relationship between internal CSR and happiness at work. The findings also show that happiness at work mediates the relationship between internal CSR and employee intention to stay. Intention to stay mediates the relationship between happiness at work and employee job performance. Finally, the study results indicate that happiness at work and intention to stay sequentially mediate the relationship between internal CSR and employee job performance.ConclusionsInternal CSR practices such as work-life balance initiatives, fair treatment, employee development, and inclusive policies are essential for promoting well-being. Organizations that focus on these practices are better able to improve employee satisfaction, happiness, their long-term stay, and job performance.

BackgroundIn the structure of military traumatism, the number of multiple and combined wounds and injuries has increased significantly due to the increase in the destructive properties of modern weapons. Most blast wounds are characterized by multiple damage to blood vessels and nerve fibers and significant defragmentation of muscles and skin. All such wounds are considered initially infected, which is an additional aggravating factor. The establishment of a correct rehabilitation diagnosis and subsequent stage-by-stage assessment of the results of rehabilitation therapy should be based on adequate functional assessment tools. The FIM is one such tool that had not been previously recommended for use in any Ukrainian guideline.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the possibility of using the Functional Independence Measure as an additional tool for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation of military personnel in Ukraine with combined injuries over a long period of time.Material and MethodsA retrospective study was conducted of 807 wounded Ukrainian servicemen with complex injuries of varying severity. Examination included a meticulous analysis of medical records, a comprehensive physical examination, and a survey using the FIM scale. Due to the nature of the injuries, the servicemen were provided with standard rehabilitation programs.ResultsAll patients were classified as lightly injured and moderately injured according to the Abbreviated Injury Scale. The examined wounded had an initial assessment of more than 6 points on the FIM scale. Initial data in the assessment of functioning on the FIM scale allowed the identification of two different subgroups of patients: one with a predominance of motor function impairment, and the other, predominant cognitive impairment. Reliable positive changes of the total FIM indicator were observed in all patient groups. The primary improvement in the groups with traumatic brain injury (TBI) was attributed to enhancements in cognitive abilities. Patients with the lowest initial motor abilities (combined upper and lower extremity trauma group) demonstrated the highest increase in this area.ConclusionsInclusion of the FIM scale in the recommended toolkit for assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation will allow for additional objectification of rehabilitation care and the formulation of individual recommendations for achieving the best rehabilitation results.

BackgroundWith the acceleration of coal mine intelligence transformation, new generation miners (NGM) are gradually becoming the main force of production. The correlation between their work alienation (WA) and unsafe behavior (UB) has become a core challenge of safety management.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the influence mechanism of WA on NGM' UB and test the mediating function of organizational identification (OI) and work engagement (WE) as well as the moderating effect of psychological capital (PC).MethodsThis study takes 355 NGM from Shanxi Datuhe Coking Co., Ltd in China as a sample, adopts the structural equation model and Bootstrap method to conduct data analysis, and examines the relationship between variables and their function mechanism.ResultsWA is significantly positively correlated with UB; OI and WE independently mediate this relationship, with empirical evidence of chain mediation under generational characteristics in high-risk industrial settings. PC significantly moderates the negative impact of WA on OI and WE, and individuals with high PC can effectively buffer the negative impact of alienation.ConclusionsThe study innovatively integrates PC theory with JD-R model, revealing WA affects NGM' UB through OI and WE sequentially. PC buffers WA's negative influence on these mediators particularly in high-risk industries. Strengthening OI, enhancing WE, and cultivating miners' PC can mitigate alienation's adverse outcomes, providing strategic insights for coal mine safety management.