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The labor of communicatively coping: toward an Integrative Theory of Communication Work 沟通应对的劳动:迈向沟通工作的综合理论
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad049
Erin E Donovan, Abigail Dalgleish Hazlett
There is extensive evidence that when people are experiencing health stressors, they are also coping with communication stressors. Although the literature tends to loosely classify these experiences as “communication challenges,” we propose a more defined way of theorizing how people encounter and manage communicative demands. To that end, this article introduces an Integrative Theory of Communication Work. We first surface and summarize the underlying theoretical principles that support communication work logic. We present the primary assumptions of the theory and a typology of communication work tasks, positioning them in conversation with established scholarship and demonstrating how they are supported by emerging empirical evidence on communication work. Finally, we suggest opportunities to extend research by investigating factors that make communication more or less work.
大量证据表明,人们在承受健康压力的同时,也在应对沟通压力。尽管有文献倾向于将这些经历松散地归类为 "沟通挑战",但我们提出了一种更明确的理论方法,即人们如何应对和管理沟通需求。为此,本文提出了 "沟通工作综合理论"(Integrative Theory of Communication Work)。我们首先浮出水面,总结了支持沟通工作逻辑的基本理论原则。我们介绍了该理论的主要假设和沟通工作任务的类型学,将其与已有的学术研究相结合,并展示了这些假设和类型学如何得到新出现的沟通工作实证证据的支持。最后,我们提出了一些扩展研究的机会,如调查使传播工作更多或更少的因素。
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引用次数: 0
Second screening and trust in professional and alternative media: the mediating role of media efficacy 专业媒体与替代媒体的二次筛选与信任:媒体效能的中介作用
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-05 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad053
Zicheng Cheng, Yin Yang, Homero Gil de Zúñiga
In the media convergence landscape, consumption of traditional, well-established media is increasingly combined with newer digital and online platforms such as blogs, podcasts, and social media, which has changed the way news users engage with media content. This study examines the relationship between hybrid media use—specifically, second screening—and trust in both professional and alternative media. Drawing on a two-wave U.S. panel data, first, we find that the second screening positively predicts individuals’ belief in the media’s ability to help them comprehend complex political matters, known in the literature as media efficacy. Furthermore, second screening is positively associated with alternative media trust but is not significantly related to trust in professional media. However, media efficacy positively mediates the connection between second screening and trust in both alternative and professional media. By delivering valuable information to help the public understand intricate political topics, the second screening promotes news media trust.
在媒体融合领域,传统、成熟媒体的消费越来越多地与更新的数字和在线平台(如博客、播客和社交媒体)相结合,这改变了新闻用户与媒体内容互动的方式。本研究考察了混合媒体使用(特别是二次筛选)与对专业媒体和替代媒体的信任之间的关系。根据两波美国面板数据,首先,我们发现第二次筛选积极预测个人对媒体帮助他们理解复杂政治事件的能力的信念,在文献中称为媒体功效。此外,第二次筛选与替代媒体信任正相关,但与专业媒体信任不显著相关。然而,媒体效能正向中介二次筛选与替代媒体和专业媒体信任之间的关系。通过提供有价值的信息,帮助公众理解错综复杂的政治话题,第二次放映促进了新闻媒体的信任。
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引用次数: 0
Partisan YouTube use and evaluation of knowledge in Korea and the United States: a fresh perspective via the Dunning–Kruger effect 韩国和美国的党派YouTube使用和知识评估:邓宁-克鲁格效应的新视角
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-02 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad054
Hoon Lee, Hyeonwoo Kim, Jiyoung Yeon
This study investigates how partisan YouTube use can paint biased evaluations of one’s own as well as others’ knowledge. Understanding of these relationships is enriched by a fresh theoretical perspective via the Dunning–Kruger effect, suggesting that people, especially those who perform poorly, tend to overestimate their own competence. Using South Korea and the United States as two different contexts, we also attend to how cultures moderate these relationships. Findings based on two independent surveys in these countries shed light on the role of partisan YouTube use in shaping people’s hyperbolic self-evaluations and contrasted assessments of in- and out-group members. Furthermore, these trends are more pronounced among those with relatively a low level of actual knowledge. Finally, using partisan YouTube for news is strongly associated with group-based evaluations of knowledge in Korea, whereas it yields significant relationships only with self-evaluations of knowledge in the United States.
这项研究调查了YouTube的党派使用是如何对自己和他人的知识进行有偏见的评估的。通过邓宁-克鲁格效应(Dunning-Kruger effect),一种新的理论视角丰富了对这些关系的理解,该理论表明,人们,尤其是那些表现不佳的人,往往高估了自己的能力。将韩国和美国作为两个不同的背景,我们还将关注文化如何调节这些关系。基于在这些国家进行的两项独立调查的发现,揭示了YouTube的党派使用在塑造人们夸张的自我评价以及对群体内外成员的对比评价方面所起的作用。此外,这些趋势在那些实际知识水平相对较低的人群中更为明显。最后,在韩国,使用党派YouTube获取新闻与基于群体的知识评估密切相关,而在美国,它只与知识的自我评估产生显著关系。
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引用次数: 0
Relational maintenance among separated Latina/o/x/e immigrant families: exploring the lived experiences of parents and children 分离的拉丁/o/x/e移民家庭的关系维持:父母和孩子的生活经历探索
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad052
Roselia Mendez Murillo, Jennifer A Kam, Andy J Merolla
Prior relational maintenance research primarily (a) considers only one family member’s perspective, (b) explores introspective communication, and (c) examines romantic relationships among highly resourced white samples in the United States. This study considered low-income, Latina/o/x/e immigrant families’ maintenance before, during, and after migration-related separation, using standpoint theory, social communication theory, and the long-distance relational maintenance model. We conducted semi-structured interviews with Latina/o/x/e parents and children who lived in separate countries (N = 20 dyads). Findings cast light on temporal (e.g., fathers often provided little to no notice to children of the upcoming separation, complicating the families’ ability to prospectively co-construct relational continuity) and cultural factors (e.g., endorsing traditional gender norms, relying on mothers to explain the separation to children after it had begun) in families’ maintenance processes. This study offers new insight into how families communicatively construct “ongoingness” in their bonds despite emotional, technological, and legal challenges posed by migration-related separation.
先前的关系维持研究主要是(a)只考虑一个家庭成员的观点,(b)探索内省沟通,(c)在美国资源丰富的白人样本中考察浪漫关系。本研究运用立场理论、社会交往理论和异地关系维持模型,研究了低收入、拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔移民家庭在移民分离之前、期间和之后的维系问题。我们对居住在不同国家的拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔/非拉丁裔父母和孩子进行了半结构化访谈(N = 20对)。研究结果揭示了家庭维持过程中的时间因素(例如,父亲通常很少或根本没有通知孩子即将到来的分离,使家庭前瞻性共同构建关系连续性的能力复杂化)和文化因素(例如,支持传统的性别规范,依赖母亲在分离开始后向孩子解释)。这项研究提供了新的见解,即尽管移民相关的分离带来了情感、技术和法律方面的挑战,但家庭如何在他们的纽带中沟通构建“持续”。
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引用次数: 0
Pulling the field out of a “One Variable, One Role” mindset: maximizing the theoretical value of interaction terms in communication’s mediation models 从“一个变量,一个角色”的思维模式中拉出领域:最大化传播中介模型中交互术语的理论价值
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad046
R Lance Holbert, Hyunjin Song, Morgan E Ellithorpe, Heather L LaMarre, Elizabeth S Baik, Colleen M Tolan
Abstract Recent analytical work reveals the need to assess mediated interactions (independent variable-by-mediator multiplicative terms) in mediation models to ensure the proper reporting of indirect effects. Besides their analytical value, mediated interactions can aid theory development. This study adds a theoretical support structure to this emergent analytical imperative and provides a theory-driven decision tree for incorporating mediated interactions into communication models. More broadly, mediated interactions are used as a basis to encourage the field to move beyond a “one variable, one role” approach to model building. Monte Carlo simulations reflecting common communication research practices were constructed and 1,920,000 datasets were analyzed to reveal the relative upsides and minimal risk incurred from assessing mediated interactions. In addition, the analyses elucidate the downsides incurred from not exploring these relationships when they are present in a population. The implications of these findings for future research and theory development are explored.
最近的分析工作表明,需要评估中介模型中的中介相互作用(独立变量对中介的乘法项),以确保正确报告间接影响。除了它们的分析价值外,中介相互作用还可以帮助理论发展。本研究为这一紧迫的分析需求提供了理论支持结构,并为将中介交互纳入沟通模型提供了理论驱动的决策树。更广泛地说,中介互动被用作鼓励该领域超越“一个变量,一个角色”的模型构建方法的基础。构建了蒙特卡罗模拟,反映了常见的通信研究实践,并分析了1,920,000个数据集,以揭示评估中介交互的相对优势和最小风险。此外,分析还阐明了在种群中存在这些关系时不探索它们所带来的不利影响。这些发现对未来的研究和理论发展的意义进行了探讨。
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引用次数: 0
Eudaimonic entertainment overcoming resistance: an update and expansion of narrative persuasion models 克服阻力的快乐娱乐:叙事说服模式的更新与拓展
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad042
Emily Moyer-Gusé, Julia Wilson
Abstract A growing body of research reveals that entertainment narratives are persuasive across a variety of topics. Models of narrative persuasion highlight key mechanisms, but one limitation of this theorizing is that it has not directly considered the full range of entertainment narratives that exist. Viewers select media content to fulfill various needs—hedonic needs for pleasure and enjoyment or more eudaimonic needs gratified by appreciation and mixed affective responses. Narrative persuasion theorizing would benefit from explicitly considering eudaimonic entertainment narratives and how they may uniquely lead to persuasion. Doing so will expand on existing narrative persuasion mechanisms and identify contingencies regarding when and for whom distinct types of entertainment narratives may persuade. This article builds on the entertainment overcoming resistance model by advancing a set of testable propositions regarding narrative persuasion by meaningful entertainment and offering an agenda for future research in this area.
越来越多的研究表明,娱乐叙事在各种主题中都具有说服力。叙事说服模型强调了关键机制,但这种理论的一个局限是,它没有直接考虑现有娱乐叙事的全部范围。观众选择媒体内容是为了满足各种需求——对愉悦和享受的享乐需求,或通过欣赏和混合情感反应来满足更现实的需求。叙事说服理论化将受益于明确考虑现实娱乐叙事以及它们如何独特地导致说服。这样做将扩展现有的叙事说服机制,并确定关于不同类型的娱乐叙事可能说服的时间和对象的偶然性。本文以娱乐克服阻力模型为基础,提出了一系列关于有意义娱乐的叙事说服的可测试命题,并为该领域的未来研究提供了议程。
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引用次数: 0
A framework of moderators in social norm-based message persuasiveness based on a systematic review 基于系统回顾的基于社会规范的信息说服调节者框架
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-07 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad043
Junhan Chen, Shilin Xia, Tong Lin
Abstract Social norm-based messages have been widely used for persuasion. However, the current trend that research focuses on using social norm theories rather than theorizing about social norms may hinder theory advancement. Although there are efforts theorizing moderators in norm–behavior relationship, the empirical studies testing the theories have yielded mixed findings, and the unclear focus on social norm-based messages versus perceived norms may impede theorizing the communication process regarding social norm-based persuasion. To bridge this gap, our study takes an inductive approach based on 85 studies to create a framework of moderators in social norm-based message persuasiveness. The framework identifies five factors moderating the effect of descriptive norm messages on behavioral intentions and two factors for injunctive norm messages. This framework lays a foundation for theorizing the mechanism of social norm-based message persuasiveness, highlights empirically supported conditions for message persuasiveness, and offers practical implications for designing targeted social norm-based messages.
基于社会规范的信息被广泛用于说服。然而,目前的研究倾向于使用社会规范理论,而不是将社会规范理论化,这可能会阻碍理论的发展。尽管人们努力将规范-行为关系中的调节因素理论化,但检验这些理论的实证研究得出了不同的结果,对基于社会规范的信息与感知规范的不明确关注可能阻碍了基于社会规范的说服的沟通过程的理论化。为了弥补这一差距,我们的研究采用了一种基于85项研究的归纳方法,以创建一个基于社会规范的信息说服力调节者框架。该框架确定了五个调节描述性规范信息对行为意图影响的因素和两个调节禁令性规范信息影响的因素。该框架为基于社会规范的信息说服力机制的理论化奠定了基础,突出了基于社会规范的信息说服力的实证支持条件,并为设计有针对性的基于社会规范的信息提供了实践启示。
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引用次数: 0
Discounting constituent attitudes: motivated reasoning, ambiguity, and policymaker perceptions of constituent characteristics 轻视选民态度:动机推理、模糊性和决策者对选民特征的认知
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-11-03 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad047
Daniel E Bergan, Hillary C Shulman, Dustin Carnahan
Abstract In experimental work, researchers have found that policymakers discount the opinions of constituents with whom they disagree. We build on these results with a national sample of local policymakers in the United States, exploring whether communicators can prevent policymakers from discounting their opinions by providing evidence of their own knowledge about a topic. We find that policymakers discount the opinions of hypothetical constituents with whom they disagree, but there is evidence that providing unambiguous evidence about a letter-writer’s positive traits can reduce this discounting. We conclude with a discussion of implications for theory as well as practical implications for communicating with policymakers.
在实验工作中,研究人员发现政策制定者低估了他们不同意的选民的意见。我们在这些结果的基础上,以美国地方政策制定者为样本,探索传播者是否可以通过提供证据来证明他们自己对某个主题的了解,从而防止政策制定者贬低他们的观点。我们发现,政策制定者低估了他们不同意的假想选民的意见,但有证据表明,提供有关写信人积极特质的明确证据可以减少这种低估。最后,我们讨论了与政策制定者沟通的理论意义和实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
The Media Use Model: A metatheoretical framework for media processes and effects 媒介使用模型:媒介过程和效果的元理论框架
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad044
Jennifer Hoewe, David R Ewoldsen
Abstract The Media Use Model (MUM) presents a metatheoretical framework that aims to unify several existing theories of media processes and effects. It uses a constraint satisfaction approach to coherence to explain the dynamic relationship between a media consumer’s motivations, expectations, individual differences, and, primarily, their cognitive processing during media use. The MUM includes six propositions, which represent stages during which a media consumer’s existing processing constraints are taken into consideration during their selection, interpretation, and comprehension of media content. It allows for both spontaneous and deliberate processing that can result in coherence or incommensurability, which then predicts continued media use or a change in media selection, respectively. Within this metatheoretical framework, (in)coherence is presented as a continuum where media consumers may have different interpretations of the same media content, which can then be used to understand their responses to it.
媒介使用模型(Media Use Model, MUM)提出了一个元理论框架,旨在统一现有的几种媒介过程和效果理论。它使用约束满足方法来解释媒体消费者在媒体使用过程中的动机、期望、个体差异以及主要是认知加工之间的动态关系。MUM包括六个命题,这些命题代表了媒体消费者在选择、解释和理解媒体内容时考虑到现有处理约束的各个阶段。它允许自发和刻意的处理,可以导致一致性或不可通约性,然后分别预测媒体的持续使用或媒体选择的变化。在这个元理论框架内,连贯性被呈现为一个连续体,其中媒体消费者可能对相同的媒体内容有不同的解释,然后可以用来理解他们对它的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Ushering in an age of scientific principles for communication research 开创了传播研究的科学原理时代
1区 文学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1093/hcr/hqad038
Stefanie Z Demetriades, Nathan Walter, R Lance Holbert
Abstract Communication seeks internal coherence and external distinction as its research profile grows and diversifies. The present essay calls for the establishment of scientific principles to guide future communication research and solidify the field’s unique scholarly identity within the marketplace of ideas. An argument is made that the field has achieved the necessary foundations to establish scientific principles but has yet to embrace this undertaking as a collective goal. This offering is intended as an initial foray into the process of identifying and evaluating scientific principles of communication by considering the value of these fundamental pillars for the field’s maturation. It proposes evaluation criteria which are then applied in a rendering of two candidate principles. These observations aim to initiate a broader conversation and spark a collective effort toward elucidating scientific principles of communication that can help to guide and anchor the field in its next stage of knowledge generation.
摘要随着传播学研究的发展和多样化,传播学追求内在的一致性和外在的差异性。本文呼吁建立科学的原则来指导未来的传播研究,并在思想市场中巩固该领域独特的学术身份。有人认为,该领域已经取得了建立科学原则的必要基础,但尚未将这一事业作为集体目标来接受。本课程旨在通过考虑这些基本支柱对该领域成熟的价值,初步探索识别和评估传播科学原理的过程。它提出了评价标准,然后将这些标准应用于两个候选原则的呈现。这些观察旨在发起更广泛的对话,并激发集体努力,以阐明交流的科学原则,这些原则可以帮助指导和巩固该领域在下一阶段的知识生成。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Human Communication Research
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