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Maritime temporalities and capitalist development 海上临时性和资本主义发展
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12715
Alejandro Colás, Liam Campling

This intervention develops arguments in our book Capitalism and the Sea on the complex temporalities attached to capitalism's intense and peculiar relationship to the global ocean. Technological innovations like the steamship or containerisation plainly transformed the pace and intensity of maritime commerce, and aspects of the global economy. We take this further to argue that the very origins and periodisation of capitalism are connected to the global ocean; as will be our futures, given the unpredictable implications of the oceans acting as the biosphere's ‘heat sink’. We consider several stylised expressions of time at sea: deep-time, logistical-time, life-time, and revolutionary time suggesting that the ocean world as a geographical space articulates these in distinctive and contradictory ways.

这种干预在我们的《资本主义与海洋》一书中展开了争论,探讨了资本主义与全球海洋之间强烈而特殊的关系所附带的复杂的暂时性。像蒸汽船或集装箱运输这样的技术革新明显地改变了海上贸易的速度和强度,以及全球经济的各个方面。我们进一步认为,资本主义的起源和周期性与全球海洋有关;考虑到海洋作为生物圈“热汇”的不可预测的影响,我们的未来也将如此。我们考虑了几种海上时间的程式化表达:深度时间、物流时间、生命时间和革命时间,这表明海洋世界作为一个地理空间以独特而矛盾的方式表达了这些。
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引用次数: 0
A review of literature on slum redevelopment policies of India: Geographies of dispossessions and caste 关于印度贫民窟重建政策的文献综述:剥夺权利和种姓的地理位置
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-27 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12690
Naomi Hazarika

This paper reviews literature and identifies trends in the study of slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies in India since the country's Independence. In doing so, it brings into conversation literature from various disciplines centered around slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies of Indian cities. The paper begins by laying out the history of slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies in India and then contextualizing the policies by examining how they came about and how they correspond to specific moments of the Indian political-economy, especially the “liberalization” of the market in the 1990s. In the second section, the paper highlights trends in contemporary research on slum redevelopment and rehabilitation policies with a focus on studies on dispossession. The final section identifies a critical omission of the socio-spatial realities of caste in contemporary studies of slum redevelopment and provides suggestions for future research.

本文回顾了文献,并确定了自印度独立以来贫民窟重建和重建政策研究的趋势。在此过程中,它引入了以印度城市贫民窟重建和重建政策为中心的各个学科的对话文献。本文首先概述了印度贫民窟再开发和改造政策的历史,然后将这些政策置于背景中,研究它们是如何产生的,以及它们如何与印度政治经济的特定时刻相对应,特别是20世纪90年代的市场“自由化”。在第二部分中,本文重点介绍了当代贫民窟重建和重建政策研究的趋势,重点是对剥夺的研究。最后一节指出了当代贫民窟重建研究中种姓的社会空间现实的重要遗漏,并为未来的研究提供了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Where the power lies: Developing a political ecology framework for just energy transition 权力在哪里:为能源转型制定政治生态框架
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-18 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12689
Dickson Boateng, Julian Bloomer, John Morrissey

This critical review lays down the fundamentals for rethinking just energy transition. It reviews the theoretical perspectives of energy justice, socio-technical transitions (STTs), and political ecology and presents a plausible and useful way to approach a just low-carbon transition using Political Ecology as a broad framework. This Political Ecology framework for Sustainable Energy Transition (PESET) addresses power issues associated with low-carbon transition, while also identifying the role of inclusivity and justice in low-carbon transition. As energy transition studies have primarily focused on the Global North and the extraction and production of large technologies, this framework provides a more radical means to achieve just transition objectives with particular relevance for application in the Global South—a region largely overlooked in transitions scholarship and where mundane/simple technologies (e.g. Solar Home Systems and clean cookstoves) typify transitions processes to date. The PESET framework presents a novel contribution, linking the concepts of energy justice, STTs, and political ecology to provide a more comprehensive means of framing and analysing just energy transitions. It thus provides a novel overarching framework linking energy studies, sustainability transitions, development studies and innovation studies especially in an era where the globe is moving toward a clean and affordable energy for all (Sustainable Development Goal 7).

这一批判性的回顾为重新思考能源转型奠定了基础。它回顾了能源正义、社会技术转型(STTs)和政治生态学的理论观点,并提出了一种合理而有用的方法,以政治生态学作为一个广泛的框架来实现公正的低碳转型。可持续能源转型的政治生态框架(PESET)解决了与低碳转型相关的电力问题,同时也确定了包容性和正义在低碳转型中的作用。由于能源转型研究主要集中在全球北方和大型技术的开采和生产上,这一框架提供了一种更激进的手段来实现转型目标,特别适用于全球南方——一个在转型研究中被很大程度上忽视的地区,在那里,平凡/简单的技术(例如太阳能家庭系统和清洁炉灶)是迄今为止转型过程的典型。PESET框架提出了一项新的贡献,将能源正义、stt和政治生态学的概念联系起来,提供了一种更全面的框架和分析能源转型的方法。因此,它提供了一个新的总体框架,将能源研究、可持续性转型、发展研究和创新研究联系起来,特别是在全球正在向人人享有清洁和负担得起的能源迈进的时代(可持续发展目标7)。
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引用次数: 1
Policy diffusion, policy transfer, and policy mobilities revisited: A call for more interdisciplinary approaches in human geography 重新审视政策扩散、政策转移和政策流动:呼吁在人文地理学中采取更多跨学科的方法
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12688
Wolfgang Haupt

Geographers and urban studies scholars tend to rely on policy mobilities approaches to explain processes of policy spread, whereas political scientists and public policy scholars usually draw on either policy diffusion or policy transfer. I challenge this widespread scholarly practice of selecting approaches based on the association with a certain discipline. Instead, first and foremost, the specific research aim(s) and question(s) should shape the choice of theoretical lens. Analytical or policy outcome-oriented studies should rely on policy diffusion and policy transfer, while a policy mobilities approach is best suited for more (policy) critical analysis. The approaches can also complement each other to a certain degree. Analytical and policy outcome-oriented approaches need a stronger critical perspective while policy mobilities scholars need to underpin their critique with constructive suggestions on how to improve established practices.

地理学家和城市研究学者倾向于依靠政策流动方法来解释政策传播的过程,而政治科学家和公共政策学者通常利用政策扩散或政策转移。我对这种基于与某一学科的联系来选择方法的广泛学术实践提出质疑。相反,最重要的是,具体的研究目标和问题应该塑造理论镜头的选择。分析性或政策结果导向的研究应该依赖于政策扩散和政策转移,而政策流动性方法最适合于更(政策)批判性的分析。这两种方法也可以在一定程度上相互补充。分析和政策结果导向的方法需要更强的批判性视角,而政策流动性学者需要就如何改进现有实践提出建设性建议,以支持他们的批评。
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引用次数: 1
Locating the Belt and Road Initiative's spatial trilectics 定位“一带一路”的空间三位一体
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12683
Han Cheng, Elia Apostolopoulou

In this paper, we survey the expanding body of literature on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) in Chinese and Anglophone geography, and locate the main lines of development. The emerging scholarship approaches the BRI as a spatial discourse and examines the production of geographical reasoning in statecraft. It also links up with studies of the BRI as both a material project and an everyday experience. We argue that it is in this combined understanding of BRI's multiple registers, as discourse, project, and experience, that a trilectical approach for future geographical engagement can be identified as the BRI edges to its second decade.

在本文中,我们调查了中国和英语国家地理学中关于“一带一路”倡议(BRI)的文献,并确定了主要的发展路线。新兴的学术研究将“一带一路”作为一种空间话语,并研究了治国方略中地理推理的产生。它还将“一带一路”研究作为一个实际项目和日常经验联系起来。我们认为,正是通过对“一带一路”作为话语、项目和经验的多重注册域的综合理解,才能在“一带一路”走向第二个十年之际,确定一种面向未来地理参与的三位一体方法。
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引用次数: 2
Weather and exercise: A comparative review and the role of geographers 天气与运动:比较综述与地理学家的作用
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12686
Antonia Hodgson, Russell Hitchings

As part of an argument about the value of a geographical approach to the connection between local weather and physical exercise, this paper begins with how that connection features in four areas of scholarship that have been at the forefront of exploring it so far. By comparing how each of them commonly imagines ‘the human’ and ‘the weather’ in their studies, we particularly highlight how different bodies of work illuminate different facets of the weather-exercise connection. This, we suggest, represents an opportunity for geographers to explore how these facets combine in context with a view to tackling the complex public health challenges associated with increasing human inactivity and a warming world. Building on that, we end with three promising cross-cutting themes that we think could usefully guide these endeavours: adaptation, decision-making and place.

作为对当地天气和体育锻炼之间联系的地理方法的价值的争论的一部分,本文首先介绍了这种联系在四个领域的特点,这些领域迄今为止一直处于探索这种联系的前沿。通过比较他们在研究中如何想象“人类”和“天气”,我们特别强调了不同的研究机构如何阐明天气与运动联系的不同方面。我们认为,这为地理学家提供了一个机会,可以探索这些方面如何结合在一起,以应对与人类不活动增加和世界变暖相关的复杂公共卫生挑战。在此基础上,我们最后提出我们认为可以有效指导这些努力的三个有希望的跨领域主题:适应、决策和地点。
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引用次数: 0
Historical geographies of place naming: Colonial practices and beyond 地点命名的历史地理学:殖民实践及以后
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-23 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12687
Beth Williamson

European colonialism sought to inscribe order and meaning on non-European landscapes through the process of place naming. Naming or renaming was fundamental to the extension of imperial control over physical and human environments. This article offers a brief overview of the ways critical place name studies has addressed these colonial practices. In particular, the paper examines the power relationships inherent in place naming, asks questions about authority and authenticity in place naming, highlights the importance of sound in the performance of place names, and explores decolonial mapping practices as an opportunity to challenge neocolonial cartographies. I suggest that critical place name studies has been insufficiently attentive to orthography and that addressing the spelling of place names more directly offers important ways to understand how power and authority intersected with authenticity and reproducibility in colonial naming practices. I conclude by identifying the potential benefits to geographers of prioritising decolonial research by collaborating with indigenous peoples and incorporating indigenous practices within research.

欧洲殖民主义试图通过地名的过程在非欧洲的风景上刻下秩序和意义。命名或重命名是帝国扩大对自然和人类环境控制的基础。本文简要概述了关键地名研究解决这些殖民实践的方法。特别是,本文考察了地名中固有的权力关系,提出了有关地名的权威性和真实性的问题,强调了地名表现中声音的重要性,并探讨了非殖民测绘实践作为挑战新殖民制图的机会。我认为,关键的地名研究对正字法关注不够,而更直接地解决地名的拼写问题,为理解殖民命名实践中权力和权威与真实性和可重复性之间的关系提供了重要途径。最后,我确定了地理学家通过与土著人民合作并在研究中纳入土著实践来优先进行非殖民化研究的潜在好处。
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引用次数: 2
Beyond state politics in Asia's transboundary rivers: Revisiting two decades of critical hydropolitics 超越亚洲跨界河流的国家政治:回顾二十年的关键水文政治
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-14 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12685
Sarah Rogers, Zali Fung, Vanessa Lamb, Ruth Gamble, Brooke Wilmsen, Fengshi Wu, Xiao Han

For the past two decades, work across a range of fields, but particularly geography, has engaged ‘critical hydropolitics’ as a way to highlight not only the politics inherent in decisions about water, but also the foundational assumptions of more conventional hydropolitical analyses that tend to focus on conflicts and cooperation over water resources, with a heavy emphasis on ‘the state’ as the key actor and scale of analysis. In this article we review critical hydropolitical literature that focuses on transboundary rivers that descend from the eastern Tibetan Plateau, namely the Lancang-Mekong, Yarlung Tsangpo-Brahmaputra and Nu-Salween river basins. We highlight five key and interrelated themes that have emerged in the literature to date - the state, scale, infrastructure, knowledge and logics, and climate change - and discuss how these provide useful tools for more fine-grained analyses of power, control and contestation.

在过去的二十年里,跨越一系列领域的工作,特别是地理学,已经将“关键的水政治”作为一种方式,不仅突出了关于水的决策中固有的政治,而且还强调了更传统的水政治分析的基本假设,这些分析往往侧重于水资源的冲突与合作,强调“国家”作为关键行动者和分析的规模。在本文中,我们回顾了重要的水文政治文献,重点关注青藏高原东部的跨境河流,即澜沧江-湄公河、雅鲁藏布江-雅鲁藏布江和怒江-萨尔温江流域。我们强调了迄今为止在文献中出现的五个关键且相互关联的主题——国家、规模、基础设施、知识和逻辑以及气候变化——并讨论了这些主题如何为更细致的权力、控制和竞争分析提供有用的工具。
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引用次数: 1
Remote sensing of night-time lights and electricity consumption: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis 夜间灯光和电力消耗的遥感:系统的文献综述和meta分析
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-07 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12684
Dipendra Bhattarai, Arko Lucieer, Heather Lovell, Jagannath Aryal

Night-time light (NTL) satellite imagery can provide unique insights into the energy sector. Nevertheless, there are limited studies that have systematically reviewed the literature on the relationship between electricity consumption and NTL. Therefore, this paper aims to provide a systematic review of studies that have explored this relationship. The review identified over 200 regression models estimating electricity consumption using NTL satellite images. The key finding of the review was that there was a large variability in regression performance for model prediction of electricity consumption from NTL imagery, indicating a need for further work to refine the techniques and approaches in this emerging field of remote sensing research. The level of spatial aggregation had an important influence on model performance with larger geographical areas, such as countries or states, providing better estimations.

夜间照明(NTL)卫星图像可以为能源部门提供独特的见解。然而,有有限的研究系统地审查了电力消耗和NTL之间关系的文献。因此,本文旨在对探讨这一关系的研究进行系统回顾。该综述确定了200多个回归模型,利用NTL卫星图像估计电力消耗。审查的主要发现是,从NTL图像对电力消耗进行模型预测的回归性能存在很大差异,这表明需要进一步改进这一新兴遥感研究领域的技术和方法。空间聚集水平对较大地理区域(如国家或州)的模型性能有重要影响,从而提供更好的估算。
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引用次数: 1
Addressing the need for more nuanced approaches towards transit-induced gentrification: A case for a complex systems thinking framework 解决需要更细致入微的方法来实现交通诱导的中产阶级化:一个复杂系统思维框架的案例
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1111/gec3.12681
Emma McDougall, Kaitlin Webber, Samuel Petrie

The role of public transportation has shifted over the last 2 decades as planners and policymakers increasingly integrate new transportation infrastructure as an economic growth tool that promotes density and desirability. This shift has also positioned new infrastructure as a driver for neighbourhood change and gentrification, leading to the evolution of literature that explores transit-induced gentrification. As this scholarship grows however, research has become fragmented, as the political economy work, which frames much of gentrification, is antipathetic to the neoclassical perspective that frames transportation research. The resulting inconsistencies have left researchers calling for the integration of new and holistic approaches that can address growing gaps. With transit-induced gentrification becoming more prevalent across large and mid-sized cities, and research lacking methodological consistency, this review considers: Can a complex systems thinking framework be used to better understand and address the process of transit-induced gentrification?

在过去的20年里,随着规划者和决策者越来越多地将新的交通基础设施作为促进密度和可取性的经济增长工具,公共交通的作用已经发生了变化。这种转变也将新的基础设施定位为社区变化和中产阶级化的驱动力,导致探索交通诱导的中产阶级化的文学发展。然而,随着这一学术研究的发展,研究变得支离破碎,因为政治经济学研究在很大程度上构成了中产阶级化,与构成交通研究的新古典主义观点格格不入。由此产生的不一致使得研究人员呼吁采用新的、全面的方法来解决日益扩大的差距。由于公共交通引发的中产阶级化在大中城市变得越来越普遍,而研究方法缺乏一致性,本文考虑:是否可以使用复杂的系统思维框架来更好地理解和解决公共交通引发的中产阶级化过程?
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引用次数: 0
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Geography Compass
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