Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.1177/07439156231183515
Sonya A. Grier
Marketing and public policy discussions about targeted marketing to youth have emphasized how marketing influences youth consumption of potentially hazardous products, including alcohol, tobacco, unhealthy food, and violent entertainment. What is missing, however, is a focused examination of how the effects are different or magnified among Black and Hispanic youth, fast-growing U.S. populations. Consider the April 1999 shooting at Columbine High School, which reawakened concern about youth exposure to violent media. In response, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigated the targeting of restricted movies, music, and video games to American youth. The study concluded that pervasive and aggressive marketingundermined thecredibilityof the ratingsand thushindered parents from making informed decisions about children’s exposure to violent content (Grier 2001). The FTC recommended that all industries enhance their self-regulatory efforts and support consumer education. Because the FTC study focused on “all youth,” there was no effort to understand howaggressivemarketingmight affect youth subgroups. Empirical evidence demonstrated that Black and Hispanic youth spent significantly more time engaging with media compared to White youth—up to eight hours more a day— potentially increasing exposure to marketing and any ill effects. The issue of magnified effects and differential influences reemerged as I began research that investigated the relationship of food and beverage marketing (FBM) to obesity. Black and Hispanic youth have significantly higher rates of obesity than White and Asian youth, and typically protective factors such as income, education, and social mobility are less protective for Black children than for White children (Smith et al. 2019). Obesity disparities correspond to broader racial health disparities reflected by earlier onset, greater severity, and higher mortality rates across multiple disease categories, at an estimated cost to society of $320 billion annually.Health disparities reflect societal injustice and reinforce the need for scholars to value overlookedpopulation segments. Black and Hispanic youth are the target of intense marketing efforts given their psychosocial characteristics, demographic growth, media use patterns, and influence on the broader youth culture (Grier and Kumanyika 2010). Such targeted marketing challenges researchers, policy actors, consumer advocates, and marketing industry players to understand levels of risk regarding the health-related impacts of marketing and to identify appropriate interventions. Policy actors need and want research guidance about target marketing to maneuver sociopolitical dynamics as they develop targeted interventions (Grier and Schaller 2020). The lack of research that centers on the experiences, opportunities, and challenges faced by minoritized youth hampers the development of initiatives to mitigate any negative effects of target marketing and misses opportunities to des
关于针对青少年的市场营销和公共政策的讨论强调了市场营销如何影响青少年对潜在危险产品的消费，包括酒精、烟草、不健康食品和暴力娱乐。然而，缺少的是对黑人和西班牙裔年轻人(快速增长的美国人口)的影响如何不同或放大的集中研究。想想1999年4月哥伦拜恩高中(Columbine High School)的枪击事件，它再次唤起了人们对青少年接触暴力媒体的担忧。作为回应，联邦贸易委员会(FTC)调查了针对美国青少年的限制电影、音乐和视频游戏。研究得出的结论是，无处不在的激进营销破坏了评级的可信度，从而阻碍了父母对孩子接触暴力内容做出明智的决定(Grier 2001)。联邦贸易委员会建议所有行业加强自我监管力度，并支持消费者教育。因为联邦贸易委员会的研究关注的是“所有的年轻人”，所以没有努力去理解激进的市场营销如何影响青少年群体。经验证据表明，与白人青年相比，黑人和西班牙裔青年花在媒体上的时间要多得多——每天多花8个小时——潜在地增加了接触营销和任何不良影响的机会。当我开始研究食品和饮料营销(FBM)与肥胖的关系时，放大效应和差异影响的问题再次出现。黑人和西班牙裔青年的肥胖率明显高于白人和亚洲青年，而收入、教育和社会流动性等典型保护因素对黑人儿童的保护作用低于白人儿童(Smith et al. 2019)。肥胖差异对应着更广泛的种族健康差异，反映在多种疾病类别中发病更早、更严重和死亡率更高，估计每年给社会造成3200亿美元的损失。健康差距反映了社会的不公正，并加强了学者重视被忽视的人口群体的必要性。考虑到黑人和西班牙裔青年的心理社会特征、人口增长、媒体使用模式以及对更广泛的青年文化的影响，他们是市场营销努力的目标(Grier和Kumanyika, 2010)。这种有针对性的营销对研究人员、政策参与者、消费者权益倡导者和营销行业参与者提出了挑战，要求他们了解营销对健康影响的风险水平，并确定适当的干预措施。政策参与者在制定有针对性的干预措施时，需要并希望获得有关目标营销的研究指导，以操纵社会政治动态(Grier和Schaller 2020)。缺乏对少数族裔青年所面临的经历、机会和挑战的研究，阻碍了减轻目标营销负面影响的举措的发展，也错失了设计积极营销举措的机会。
{"title":"Targeted Research for Well-Being: Dissecting the Effects of Marketing on Youth of Color","authors":"Sonya A. Grier","doi":"10.1177/07439156231183515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231183515","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing and public policy discussions about targeted marketing to youth have emphasized how marketing influences youth consumption of potentially hazardous products, including alcohol, tobacco, unhealthy food, and violent entertainment. What is missing, however, is a focused examination of how the effects are different or magnified among Black and Hispanic youth, fast-growing U.S. populations. Consider the April 1999 shooting at Columbine High School, which reawakened concern about youth exposure to violent media. In response, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) investigated the targeting of restricted movies, music, and video games to American youth. The study concluded that pervasive and aggressive marketingundermined thecredibilityof the ratingsand thushindered parents from making informed decisions about children’s exposure to violent content (Grier 2001). The FTC recommended that all industries enhance their self-regulatory efforts and support consumer education. Because the FTC study focused on “all youth,” there was no effort to understand howaggressivemarketingmight affect youth subgroups. Empirical evidence demonstrated that Black and Hispanic youth spent significantly more time engaging with media compared to White youth—up to eight hours more a day— potentially increasing exposure to marketing and any ill effects. The issue of magnified effects and differential influences reemerged as I began research that investigated the relationship of food and beverage marketing (FBM) to obesity. Black and Hispanic youth have significantly higher rates of obesity than White and Asian youth, and typically protective factors such as income, education, and social mobility are less protective for Black children than for White children (Smith et al. 2019). Obesity disparities correspond to broader racial health disparities reflected by earlier onset, greater severity, and higher mortality rates across multiple disease categories, at an estimated cost to society of $320 billion annually.Health disparities reflect societal injustice and reinforce the need for scholars to value overlookedpopulation segments. Black and Hispanic youth are the target of intense marketing efforts given their psychosocial characteristics, demographic growth, media use patterns, and influence on the broader youth culture (Grier and Kumanyika 2010). Such targeted marketing challenges researchers, policy actors, consumer advocates, and marketing industry players to understand levels of risk regarding the health-related impacts of marketing and to identify appropriate interventions. Policy actors need and want research guidance about target marketing to maneuver sociopolitical dynamics as they develop targeted interventions (Grier and Schaller 2020). The lack of research that centers on the experiences, opportunities, and challenges faced by minoritized youth hampers the development of initiatives to mitigate any negative effects of target marketing and misses opportunities to des","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"1 1","pages":"348 - 350"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91279352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1177/07439156231180681
Peggy J. Liu, Kelly L. Haws
Multiple motivations drive consumers when obtaining and eating food, including taste, healthiness, fullness, price, convenience, waste avoidance, and social and cultural norms (Chandon, Haws, and Liu 2022; Glanz et al. 1998; Liu et al. 2015; Renner et al. 2012; Sproesser et al. 2018). The relative strength of these motivations can vary across consumers chronically (e.g., restrained eaters may prioritize weight management; Liu and Haws 2020) and situationally (e.g., consumers may prioritize fullness right before lunchtime). In addition, a global perspective is important: The relative prioritization of different eating motivations may vary across countries given different food-relevant challenges across regions. For example, in regions with extreme food scarcity due to droughts or war, consumers’ primary motivations are likely very different from those in regions where nonnutritious food is abundant (and often cheap and convenient, as in food deserts). Addressing these various consumer eating motivations is key to overall consumer well-being (Block et al. 2011) as well as to societal well-being (Scott and Vallen 2019). Importantly, the ability to address these motivational drivers can be shaped by public policies, both general policies (e.g., child tax subsidies) and food-specific policies. In this commentary, we focus on food-specific public policies (“food policies” hereinafter). We argue that food policies ought to consider the array of different consumer eating motivations, including both (1) how policies may affect perceptions of the ability of different food options to address various motivations and (2) the relative importance of different motivations. Notably, these motivations may vary over time and across situations (e.g., eating in vs. outside the home), individuals, groups, and countries. Ultimately, eating motivations are critical determinants of both consumer support of different policies and the policies’ effectiveness at promoting consumer and societal well-being (Scott and Vallen 2019). The REAL Food Policy Framework
消费者获取和食用食物的动机多种多样，包括口味、健康、饱腹感、价格、便利、避免浪费以及社会和文化规范(Chandon, Haws, and Liu 2022;Glanz et al. 1998;Liu et al. 2015;Renner et al. 2012;processor et al. 2018)。这些动机的相对强度可能因消费者而异(例如，节制饮食可能优先考虑体重管理;Liu and Haws 2020)和情境(例如，消费者可能会优先考虑午餐前的饱腹感)。此外，全球视角也很重要:鉴于各地区不同的食品相关挑战，不同国家对不同饮食动机的相对优先级可能有所不同。例如，在由于干旱或战争导致粮食极度短缺的地区，消费者的主要动机可能与那些非营养食品充足的地区(通常是廉价和方便的，如食品沙漠)的消费者大不相同。解决这些不同的消费者饮食动机是整体消费者福祉(Block etal . 2011)以及社会福祉(Scott and Vallen 2019)的关键。重要的是，解决这些激励因素的能力可以通过公共政策来塑造，包括一般政策(如儿童税收补贴)和特定食品政策。在本评论中，我们将重点讨论具体的食品公共政策(以下简称“食品政策”)。我们认为，食品政策应该考虑不同消费者的饮食动机，包括:(1)政策如何影响对不同食品选择能力的看法，以解决各种动机;(2)不同动机的相对重要性。值得注意的是，这些动机可能会随着时间和情况(例如，在家里吃还是在外面吃)、个人、团体和国家而变化。最终，饮食动机是消费者对不同政策的支持以及政策在促进消费者和社会福祉方面的有效性的关键决定因素(Scott和Vallen 2019)。真正的粮食政策框架
{"title":"A Framework for Aligning REAL Food Public Policy with Consumers’ Multiple Eating Motivations","authors":"Peggy J. Liu, Kelly L. Haws","doi":"10.1177/07439156231180681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231180681","url":null,"abstract":"Multiple motivations drive consumers when obtaining and eating food, including taste, healthiness, fullness, price, convenience, waste avoidance, and social and cultural norms (Chandon, Haws, and Liu 2022; Glanz et al. 1998; Liu et al. 2015; Renner et al. 2012; Sproesser et al. 2018). The relative strength of these motivations can vary across consumers chronically (e.g., restrained eaters may prioritize weight management; Liu and Haws 2020) and situationally (e.g., consumers may prioritize fullness right before lunchtime). In addition, a global perspective is important: The relative prioritization of different eating motivations may vary across countries given different food-relevant challenges across regions. For example, in regions with extreme food scarcity due to droughts or war, consumers’ primary motivations are likely very different from those in regions where nonnutritious food is abundant (and often cheap and convenient, as in food deserts). Addressing these various consumer eating motivations is key to overall consumer well-being (Block et al. 2011) as well as to societal well-being (Scott and Vallen 2019). Importantly, the ability to address these motivational drivers can be shaped by public policies, both general policies (e.g., child tax subsidies) and food-specific policies. In this commentary, we focus on food-specific public policies (“food policies” hereinafter). We argue that food policies ought to consider the array of different consumer eating motivations, including both (1) how policies may affect perceptions of the ability of different food options to address various motivations and (2) the relative importance of different motivations. Notably, these motivations may vary over time and across situations (e.g., eating in vs. outside the home), individuals, groups, and countries. Ultimately, eating motivations are critical determinants of both consumer support of different policies and the policies’ effectiveness at promoting consumer and societal well-being (Scott and Vallen 2019). The REAL Food Policy Framework","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"52 1","pages":"343 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88976611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-18DOI: 10.1177/07439156231179641
M. Fitzgerald, Jeff Langenderfer, Roberta I Renzelli-Cain, Elizabeth A. Critch
In June 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the U.S. Constitution does not grant a right to abortion and that the legality of abortion should be determined by the states (Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization). The Dobbs ruling impacts female reproductive health care during the estimated 39 years that females can become pregnant. It also affects health care providers and the organizations in which they work, health insurers, pharmaceutical firms, social media platforms, and employers. Important marketing and policy concerns, including privacy, cross-border commerce, consumer vulnerability, and marketplace information flow, will require study as stakeholders respond to this environmental change. The authors develop a framework for the “typical” female reproductive health care journey to identify some of the most important areas of research for marketing and public policy academics and policy makers.
{"title":"Marketing and Public Policy Implications of Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization","authors":"M. Fitzgerald, Jeff Langenderfer, Roberta I Renzelli-Cain, Elizabeth A. Critch","doi":"10.1177/07439156231179641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231179641","url":null,"abstract":"In June 2022, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the U.S. Constitution does not grant a right to abortion and that the legality of abortion should be determined by the states (Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization). The Dobbs ruling impacts female reproductive health care during the estimated 39 years that females can become pregnant. It also affects health care providers and the organizations in which they work, health insurers, pharmaceutical firms, social media platforms, and employers. Important marketing and policy concerns, including privacy, cross-border commerce, consumer vulnerability, and marketplace information flow, will require study as stakeholders respond to this environmental change. The authors develop a framework for the “typical” female reproductive health care journey to identify some of the most important areas of research for marketing and public policy academics and policy makers.","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"55 1","pages":"303 - 325"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88680086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-13DOI: 10.1177/07439156231172517
A. Matthews, Seth Cockrell, Kristen L. Walker
Perceived authenticity of publicly owned natural parks is an important yet often overlooked driver of consumer experience, enjoyment, and well-being. Given the U.S. National Park Service's charge to operate parks for the enjoyment of the public while conserving them for the future, it is important for park agencies to understand how visitors perceive the authenticity of parks and how they can increase perceived authenticity of the spaces they manage. The authors use the construct of brand authenticity as the foundation of a natural space authenticity framework and draw on attention restoration theory to highlight the importance of viewing the marketing of natural spaces as a form of brand management. In a survey of 2,646 visitors to state parks and a series of three experiments, the authors examine the impact of natural space authenticity (perceived continuity, credibility, and symbolism) on consumer outcomes. Findings indicate that these three dimensions of natural space authenticity improve outcomes of return visit intentions, recommendation intentions, decreased stress, and perceived health for prior and potential visitors of state parks. The authors present managerial and policy implications to assist park managers and guide future research.
公众拥有的自然公园的感知真实性是消费者体验、享受和幸福的重要因素，但往往被忽视。鉴于美国国家公园管理局(U.S. National Park Service)的职责是为公众的享受而运营公园，同时为未来保护它们，公园机构必须了解游客如何看待公园的真实性，以及如何提高他们所管理空间的感知真实性。作者以品牌真实性的建构作为自然空间真实性框架的基础，并借鉴注意力恢复理论，强调将自然空间营销视为一种品牌管理形式的重要性。在对2646名州立公园游客的调查和一系列的三个实验中，作者研究了自然空间真实性(感知的连续性、可信度和象征主义)对消费者结果的影响。研究发现，自然空间真实性的这三个维度改善了州立公园的回访意向、推荐意向、压力减轻和感知健康的结果。作者提出了管理和政策启示，以帮助公园管理者和指导未来的研究。
{"title":"Brand Management of Natural Spaces: The Impact of Natural Space Authenticity on Consumer Outcomes","authors":"A. Matthews, Seth Cockrell, Kristen L. Walker","doi":"10.1177/07439156231172517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231172517","url":null,"abstract":"Perceived authenticity of publicly owned natural parks is an important yet often overlooked driver of consumer experience, enjoyment, and well-being. Given the U.S. National Park Service's charge to operate parks for the enjoyment of the public while conserving them for the future, it is important for park agencies to understand how visitors perceive the authenticity of parks and how they can increase perceived authenticity of the spaces they manage. The authors use the construct of brand authenticity as the foundation of a natural space authenticity framework and draw on attention restoration theory to highlight the importance of viewing the marketing of natural spaces as a form of brand management. In a survey of 2,646 visitors to state parks and a series of three experiments, the authors examine the impact of natural space authenticity (perceived continuity, credibility, and symbolism) on consumer outcomes. Findings indicate that these three dimensions of natural space authenticity improve outcomes of return visit intentions, recommendation intentions, decreased stress, and perceived health for prior and potential visitors of state parks. The authors present managerial and policy implications to assist park managers and guide future research.","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"29 1","pages":"279 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87473001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.1177/07439156231165250
J. C. Andrews, Kristen L. Walker, R. Netemeyer, J. Kees
As children’s and teens’ internet use has reached record highs, the protection of their online privacy is a pressing issue for parents, consumer groups, social media firms, and federal, state, and international agencies. Even with strategies to help children protect their personal information, questions remain as to what children really know about the risks of interacting online. Thus far, much of the online privacy research has relied on subjective measures of adult beliefs and attitudes, which may not be predictive of children's online privacy behaviors. To address these issues, the authors develop and test a children's online privacy scale tapping different content domains of objective knowledge about online privacy for children and young teens (age 6–15 years). From this conceptualization, evidence is offered in two pretests and four studies supporting the scale's structure, reliability, and validity and its relationships with online privacy education, age categories, personality traits, intent to share personal information online, and online privacy behaviors. Implications for child and young teen online privacy policy are offered.
{"title":"Helping Youth Navigate Privacy Protection: Developing and Testing the Children's Online Privacy Scale","authors":"J. C. Andrews, Kristen L. Walker, R. Netemeyer, J. Kees","doi":"10.1177/07439156231165250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231165250","url":null,"abstract":"As children’s and teens’ internet use has reached record highs, the protection of their online privacy is a pressing issue for parents, consumer groups, social media firms, and federal, state, and international agencies. Even with strategies to help children protect their personal information, questions remain as to what children really know about the risks of interacting online. Thus far, much of the online privacy research has relied on subjective measures of adult beliefs and attitudes, which may not be predictive of children's online privacy behaviors. To address these issues, the authors develop and test a children's online privacy scale tapping different content domains of objective knowledge about online privacy for children and young teens (age 6–15 years). From this conceptualization, evidence is offered in two pretests and four studies supporting the scale's structure, reliability, and validity and its relationships with online privacy education, age categories, personality traits, intent to share personal information online, and online privacy behaviors. Implications for child and young teen online privacy policy are offered.","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"31 1","pages":"223 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83221339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1177/07439156231157721
D. Gerritsen, Bora S. Lancee, J. Rigtering
International customers are increasingly exposed to dynamic currency conversion, that is, the option during checkout to proceed with a transaction in the home currency instead of a foreign currency. As conversion markups can be sizable, it is relevant to gain insight into how distinct groups of customers react at point-of-sale terminals to different markups and different ways of presenting information. The authors build on research on effort–accuracy trade-offs to theorize how international customers with different levels of financial literacy react to conversion markups, different degrees of information transparency, and default settings. The authors find that financial literacy moderates the effect of markups, information, and defaults, and they design an intervention that eradicates the effect of financial literacy on dynamic currency conversion usage. The results contribute to our understanding of how customers with different levels of financial literacy respond to conversion markups, to public policies that are intended to protect customer interests, and to evil defaults used by commercial parties that seek to steer customers to noneconomical options. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for public policy making and research.
{"title":"Dynamic Currency Conversion Payment Options Specifically Harm Less Financially Literate Customers","authors":"D. Gerritsen, Bora S. Lancee, J. Rigtering","doi":"10.1177/07439156231157721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156231157721","url":null,"abstract":"International customers are increasingly exposed to dynamic currency conversion, that is, the option during checkout to proceed with a transaction in the home currency instead of a foreign currency. As conversion markups can be sizable, it is relevant to gain insight into how distinct groups of customers react at point-of-sale terminals to different markups and different ways of presenting information. The authors build on research on effort–accuracy trade-offs to theorize how international customers with different levels of financial literacy react to conversion markups, different degrees of information transparency, and default settings. The authors find that financial literacy moderates the effect of markups, information, and defaults, and they design an intervention that eradicates the effect of financial literacy on dynamic currency conversion usage. The results contribute to our understanding of how customers with different levels of financial literacy respond to conversion markups, to public policies that are intended to protect customer interests, and to evil defaults used by commercial parties that seek to steer customers to noneconomical options. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for public policy making and research.","PeriodicalId":51437,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Policy & Marketing","volume":"44 1","pages":"203 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85203595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1177/07439156221150919
Gabriel E. Gonzales, Christopher Berry, Matthew D. Meng, R. Leary
In limited-information environments like restaurants, consumers are forced to make health inferences by drawing from the menu or promotional materials or by using their intuition. Understanding such health inferences related to plant-based meat alternatives (PBMAs), which are available at a rapidly growing number of restaurants, is increasingly important. In addition to their clear environmental benefits, PBMAs are widely promoted as being healthier than traditional meat. Across five experiments, results illustrate that although some perceptions of PBMAs are aligned with reality (e.g., environmental friendliness), consumers greatly underestimate calories and nutrition (e.g., fat, sodium) relative to objective values. Additionally, consumers believe PBMAs are substantially healthier than, and decrease disease risk relative to, traditional meat, which is not always true. The currently accepted interventions of calorie labeling and nutrition information disclosure are not enough to attenuate this “health halo.” However, ensuring that consumers actively compare menu items realigns perceptions with reality. The health halo resulting from inferences formed with the limited information available at the point of purchase has numerous implications for public health, sustainable consumerism, and public policy decisions.
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Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.1177/07439156221136951
Marie Louise Radanielina Hita, Yany Grégoire
Our world is becoming more polarized than ever before, with a growing number of extremist groups spreading radical worldviews. Here, we adopt a broad definition of radicalization. For the purpose of this special issue, radicalization is viewed as a process leading to one’s socialization into an extremist belief system that then sets the stage for violence or intolerance toward individuals with a different worldview (Baugut and Neumann 2020; Borum 2011; Helfstein 2012). Although there are countless examples of events linked to radicalization, the riots at the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, struck the public’s consciousness with extreme sadness and disbelief. On this infamous day, which has changed the United States for generations to come, political radicalization turned deadly as groups of armed individuals climbed up the walls and then poured through the windows of the U.S. Capitol. Although this example is particularly striking, it is not an isolated event by any stretch. Mass media in different countries bring daily examples of radicalization and violence. For instance, in June 2021 in London, Ontario, a brutal attack resulting in the death of a Muslim family sent shock waves across Canadian Muslim communities. In another example of terrorist attack, an 18-year-old white man shot 13 individuals, killing 10 of them, at a grocery store in Buffalo, New York, in May 2022. In light of these horror studies, the current special issue aims to start a discussion about the place of marketing—and its related implication for policies—in understanding and preventing violent acts motivated by extremist beliefs. Though extreme, these examples all point to an increasing polarization in public opinion across a wide range of religious or sociopolitical issues. Different state and nonstate actors seem to be losing the notion of compromise and middle ground. A recent survey reports that one in five Americans believes that political violence may be necessary for some issues (Wintemute et al. 2022). Another U.S. survey about political violence indicates that 40% of respondents view retaliatory violence as justified under some circumstances (Carey et al. 2020). This strong support of “occasional” violence is concerning, given the potential of online platforms to quickly disseminate information of a radical nature. Disturbed by this uncomfortable new reality, we set out on a mission two years ago to add marketing voices to the conversations about radicalization issues. The Journal of Public Policy & Marketing (JPP&M) was a natural fit given its editorial orientation of examining issues that “make a difference” (Martin and Scott 2021, p. 1). Because the topic of radicalization has been rarely addressed in our discipline—at least not directly—we asked ourselves the following questions: What can we do in marketing to address radicalization issues? How can marketing help policy makers and society prevent acts of violence, which are motivated by radicalization, especial
我们的世界正变得比以往任何时候都更加两极化，越来越多的极端组织传播激进的世界观。在这里，我们采用激进化的广义定义。为了本期特期的目的，激进化被视为一个过程，导致一个人的社会化进入极端主义信仰体系，然后为对具有不同世界观的个人的暴力或不容忍奠定基础(Baugut and Neumann 2020;Borum 2011;Helfstein 2012)。虽然有无数与激进主义有关的事件，但2021年1月6日发生在美国国会大厦的骚乱让公众感到极度悲伤和难以置信。在这个恶名昭彰的日子里，一群武装分子爬上美国国会大厦的墙壁，然后从窗户涌进国会大厦，政治激进主义变得致命。尽管这个例子特别引人注目，但它绝不是一个孤立的事件。不同国家的大众媒体每天都带来激进化和暴力的例子。例如，2021年6月在安大略省伦敦发生的一起导致一个穆斯林家庭死亡的残酷袭击，在加拿大穆斯林社区引发了冲击波。在另一起恐怖袭击事件中，一名18岁的白人男子于2022年5月在纽约州布法罗的一家杂货店枪杀了13人，造成10人死亡。鉴于这些恐怖研究，本期特刊旨在就市场营销在理解和预防极端主义信仰引发的暴力行为中的作用及其对政策的相关影响展开讨论。虽然极端，但这些例子都表明，在广泛的宗教或社会政治问题上，公众舆论日益两极分化。不同的国家和非国家行为体似乎正在失去妥协和中间立场的概念。最近的一项调查显示，五分之一的美国人认为政治暴力对于某些问题可能是必要的(Wintemute et al. 2022)。另一项关于政治暴力的美国调查表明，40%的受访者认为在某些情况下报复性暴力是合理的(Carey etal . 2020)。鉴于网络平台有可能迅速传播激进性质的信息，这种对“偶尔”暴力的强烈支持令人担忧。受到这种令人不安的新现实的困扰，我们两年前开始了一项任务，在关于激进化问题的对话中加入营销的声音。《公共政策与市场营销杂志》(JPP&M)的编辑倾向于研究“有所作为”的问题，因此它是一个自然的选择(马丁和斯科特2021年，第1页)。因为激进化的话题在我们的学科中很少被提及——至少不是直接提及——我们问自己以下问题:我们在市场营销中可以做些什么来解决激进化问题?市场营销如何帮助决策者和社会预防由激进化，特别是网络激进化所引发的暴力行为?我们应该从哪里开始呢?回答这些问题是这期特刊的具体目的，题为“防止激进化的营销:发展对政策的洞察力”。在本期特刊中，我们以最强烈的措辞声明，市场营销在理解、预防和减少激进化事件的发生方面发挥着重要作用。尽管市场营销在激进化问题的研究中很少被征求意见——让社会科学的其他学科“说话”(参见，例如，Neumann和Kleinmann 2013)——但我们相信，市场营销学科参与并成为讨论的一部分的时机已经成熟。鉴于我们在社交媒体、说服、沟通、行动主义、变革服务和其他领域的专业知识，我们有办法做到这一点。所以，我们这个特刊的目的是让市场营销参与到我们社会中发生的激进化的讨论中来。为此，我们建议首次尝试组织“防止激进化的营销”这一新兴领域，并划定其领域。这种组织的努力依赖于六篇深刻的文章:两篇来自犯罪学和政治学研究人员的特邀评论，四篇来自市场营销学者的研究文章。这些文章被用来确定四个特定的兴趣领域，作为营销学者“让我们自己开始”激进化的话题。这四个领域是:(1)错误信息、虚假信息和阴谋;(2)暴力、仇恨和恐怖主义;(3)歧视、排斥、不平等和种族主义;(4)缺乏
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Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1177/07439156221145696
D. Brick, Kelley Gullo Wight, J. Bettman, T. Chartrand, G. Fitzsimons
Despite the ubiquity of celebrations in everyday life, little is known about how celebrations may contribute to consumer well-being. In the current work, the authors propose that celebrations promote perceived social support, which prior work has conceptualized as the belief that others will be there for you for future negative life events. The authors further theorize that celebrations require three key characteristics that, in combination, are necessary for increasing perceived social support. Specifically, celebrations must (1) mark an individual's separate positive event and (2) involve consumption (3) with others (i.e., social). They test this theory across eight studies and demonstrate a process mechanism for this effect: these characteristics lead to increases in enacted support and perceived responsiveness, which in turn lead to increases in more general perceived social support. They then extend these findings by investigating virtually held celebrations, the individual's role at the celebration, and a downstream prosocial outcome. By doing so, this work highlights the broader benefits of celebrations beyond the focal individual and the immediate experience. Finally, specific policy implications and suggestions for enhancing consumer well-being are provided.
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Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1177/07439156221145330
Benét DeBerry-Spence, Lez Trujillo-Torres, Rumela Sengupta, Kohei Matsumoto, J. Chen
The pursuit of the common good is an important endeavor in business and marketing. The benefits of this pursuit to society are reflected in the increasing number of journal special issues dedicated to common good–related research and the recent observation that the marketing discipline is supportive of business research as a catalyst for positive change. Despite its importance, little is known about the nature of the common good within marketing scholarship. This article presents a systematic, multimethod inquiry to assess the representation and impact of the common good, with a focus on equity. The authors analyze publications in the Journal of Public Policy & Marketing and marketing journals on the Financial Times 50 list. This work acknowledges the significant influence of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals on global policy and the benefits to people around the world. It also responds to the call for marketing scholars to pay more attention to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. The authors use insights from their inquiry to identify a promising agenda for future research that contributes to the promotion of the common good in relation to eradicating poverty, improving health, achieving universal education, and promoting gender equality.
追求共同利益是商业和市场营销的一项重要努力。这种追求对社会的好处反映在越来越多的期刊特刊上，这些特刊致力于与共同利益相关的研究，最近的观察表明，市场营销学科支持商业研究，作为积极变革的催化剂。尽管它很重要，但在市场营销学术中，人们对共同利益的本质知之甚少。本文提出了一个系统的、多方法的调查，以评估共同利益的代表性和影响，重点是公平。作者分析了《公共政策与营销杂志》(Journal of Public Policy & Marketing)和《金融时报》50强榜单上的营销类期刊的出版物。这项工作承认联合国千年发展目标和可持续发展目标对全球政策的重大影响以及对世界各地人民的益处。这也响应了市场营销学者对联合国可持续发展目标的关注。作者利用他们的调查得出的见解，为未来的研究确定了一个有希望的议程，有助于促进与消除贫困、改善健康、实现普及教育和促进性别平等有关的共同利益。
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