Pub Date : 2022-09-21DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2124962
Anna Bornioli, M. Subiza-Pérez
Abstract Urban landscapes are becoming the main ecosystem for human life. Given that urban living can be associated with poor psychological health, one specific challenge faced by cities is related to psychological well-being. The current essay discusses how restorative environments research can offer significant insights into the strategy of healthy cities by guiding the exploration of their restorative outcomes. We propose a theoretical model elucidating the physical and symbolic features of urban settings that can aid processes of active and passive restoration—based on theory and evidence from restorative environments research. Future research should consider urban psychological restoration in a broader sense and lend greater relevance to the exploration of the restorative potential of the full range of urban built settings. HIGHLIGHTS There is a need to explore the characteristics of urban built settings that support psychological health. We propose a three-level model of restoration that discusses supportive features and potential benefits. Active restoration—activated by top-down features—enhances positive affect and well-being in non-stressed individuals. Future research should broaden theoretical definitions and explore the full range of restorative built settings.
{"title":"Restorative urban environments for healthy cities: a theoretical model for the study of restorative experiences in urban built settings","authors":"Anna Bornioli, M. Subiza-Pérez","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2124962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2124962","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urban landscapes are becoming the main ecosystem for human life. Given that urban living can be associated with poor psychological health, one specific challenge faced by cities is related to psychological well-being. The current essay discusses how restorative environments research can offer significant insights into the strategy of healthy cities by guiding the exploration of their restorative outcomes. We propose a theoretical model elucidating the physical and symbolic features of urban settings that can aid processes of active and passive restoration—based on theory and evidence from restorative environments research. Future research should consider urban psychological restoration in a broader sense and lend greater relevance to the exploration of the restorative potential of the full range of urban built settings. HIGHLIGHTS There is a need to explore the characteristics of urban built settings that support psychological health. We propose a three-level model of restoration that discusses supportive features and potential benefits. Active restoration—activated by top-down features—enhances positive affect and well-being in non-stressed individuals. Future research should broaden theoretical definitions and explore the full range of restorative built settings.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"152 - 163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47026933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-19DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2121810
Andrew Ó Murchú
Abstract Utilising actor-network theory, this paper conducts an analysis of the grass crop in Ireland’s political ecology – showing the ability of non-human agents, in the words of Bruno Latour, to ‘make us do things’. In particular, it examines the mutually beneficial and extended interests of the grass crop with the dairy industry – this is well represented by the state and herein termed grass-power. This shows how Ireland is staged as a ‘grass country’ to a global audience, making dairy consumption appear neutral and inevitable. To date, the role of the grass crop in Ireland’s political ecology has been neglected, although it is shown here to be at the centre of environmental harms. This analysis reveals the contradictions and competing aims of Irish food strategies and suggests that to build sustainable landscapes, the imaginary that grass-cover is the only legitimate form of land use must be displaced and unravelled from political interests.
{"title":"Grass-power: the political ecology of the grass crop in Ireland","authors":"Andrew Ó Murchú","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2121810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2121810","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Utilising actor-network theory, this paper conducts an analysis of the grass crop in Ireland’s political ecology – showing the ability of non-human agents, in the words of Bruno Latour, to ‘make us do things’. In particular, it examines the mutually beneficial and extended interests of the grass crop with the dairy industry – this is well represented by the state and herein termed grass-power. This shows how Ireland is staged as a ‘grass country’ to a global audience, making dairy consumption appear neutral and inevitable. To date, the role of the grass crop in Ireland’s political ecology has been neglected, although it is shown here to be at the centre of environmental harms. This analysis reveals the contradictions and competing aims of Irish food strategies and suggests that to build sustainable landscapes, the imaginary that grass-cover is the only legitimate form of land use must be displaced and unravelled from political interests.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"107 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45784146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-10DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2118246
M. Paulissen, R. van Beek, Maria de Wit, Maarten Jacobs, Floor Huisman
Abstract Few natural landscapes have been so negatively stereotyped as raised bogs. These stereotypes as well as knowledge gaps on bog perceptions have hampered the development of nuanced and realistic views on humans’ historical relations to bogs. We studied variation in eight bog place meanings (attachment, beauty, biodiversity, functionality, risk, admiration, historicity, and mystery) from prehistory to present by integrating qualitative archaeological and historical with quantitative survey evidence on Dutch bog areas. Virtually all place meanings were found in late modern and present-day material. In older periods, functionality, risk, and mystery were dominant. Daytime/night-time differences could explain the co-existence of apparently opposite place meanings. Physical bog landscape characteristics were important place meaning determinants, and similar meaning patterns across different bog areas underlined this. The long co-existence of mystery (and risk) alongside functional meanings may explain the persistent popularity of negative bog stereotypes.
{"title":"Place meanings of Dutch raised bog landscapes: an interdisciplinary long-term perspective (5000 BCE–present)","authors":"M. Paulissen, R. van Beek, Maria de Wit, Maarten Jacobs, Floor Huisman","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2118246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2118246","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Few natural landscapes have been so negatively stereotyped as raised bogs. These stereotypes as well as knowledge gaps on bog perceptions have hampered the development of nuanced and realistic views on humans’ historical relations to bogs. We studied variation in eight bog place meanings (attachment, beauty, biodiversity, functionality, risk, admiration, historicity, and mystery) from prehistory to present by integrating qualitative archaeological and historical with quantitative survey evidence on Dutch bog areas. Virtually all place meanings were found in late modern and present-day material. In older periods, functionality, risk, and mystery were dominant. Daytime/night-time differences could explain the co-existence of apparently opposite place meanings. Physical bog landscape characteristics were important place meaning determinants, and similar meaning patterns across different bog areas underlined this. The long co-existence of mystery (and risk) alongside functional meanings may explain the persistent popularity of negative bog stereotypes.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1071 - 1086"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49294635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-05DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2117291
M. Rofe
Abstract Memorial landscapes are powerfully instructive. Cast in bronze or carved in stone, memorials speak to us of who and what we should admire and those characteristics we should aspire to emulate. As such, memorial landscapes are texts. However, memorial landscapes are equally about remembering and forgetting. Drawing upon a critical examination of the memorial landscape of Adelaide’s cultural precinct this paper examines ongoing silences regarding Indigenous pre-history, the processes and impacts of British colonisation, and how these are remembered and/or silenced within this place. Framed by post-colonial literature, this paper reveals that notwithstanding movements towards reconciliation in Australia, Adelaide’s cultural precinct firmly remains a settler landscape. Those few memorials raised to or acknowledging Indigenous people are pushed to the margins, poorly maintained, or framed through service to the Empire.
{"title":"Memorial landscapes, recognition, and marginalisation: a critical assessment of Adelaide's ‘cultural heart’","authors":"M. Rofe","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2117291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2117291","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Memorial landscapes are powerfully instructive. Cast in bronze or carved in stone, memorials speak to us of who and what we should admire and those characteristics we should aspire to emulate. As such, memorial landscapes are texts. However, memorial landscapes are equally about remembering and forgetting. Drawing upon a critical examination of the memorial landscape of Adelaide’s cultural precinct this paper examines ongoing silences regarding Indigenous pre-history, the processes and impacts of British colonisation, and how these are remembered and/or silenced within this place. Framed by post-colonial literature, this paper reveals that notwithstanding movements towards reconciliation in Australia, Adelaide’s cultural precinct firmly remains a settler landscape. Those few memorials raised to or acknowledging Indigenous people are pushed to the margins, poorly maintained, or framed through service to the Empire.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"57 9","pages":"632 - 646"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41243937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-27DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2115990
Celmara Pocock, D. Collett, J. Knowles
Abstract This paper explores how the imagined landscapes that act as a catalyst for World Heritage listing, are unable to be reconciled with formal heritage assessments. We explore this tension through two Australian World Heritage landscapes: the Great Barrier Reef and the Tasmanian Wilderness. The history of these listings suggests a teleological process driven by a desire to create authentic utopias. While utopias are imagined spaces, Paradise at the Reef and the Tasmanian Wilderness are realised through hyperreal landscapes (fakes). However, these wholistic landscapes dissolve into a series of inventories of species and numbers in official listing. We suggest the failure to recognise the hyperreal is a form of false consciousness that creates a tension between managing for formally recognised values and managing the unmanageable utopia, and that a broader use of cultural landscapes might be useful in addressing this divide.
{"title":"World heritage as authentic fake: Paradisic Reef and Wild Tasmania","authors":"Celmara Pocock, D. Collett, J. Knowles","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2115990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2115990","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper explores how the imagined landscapes that act as a catalyst for World Heritage listing, are unable to be reconciled with formal heritage assessments. We explore this tension through two Australian World Heritage landscapes: the Great Barrier Reef and the Tasmanian Wilderness. The history of these listings suggests a teleological process driven by a desire to create authentic utopias. While utopias are imagined spaces, Paradise at the Reef and the Tasmanian Wilderness are realised through hyperreal landscapes (fakes). However, these wholistic landscapes dissolve into a series of inventories of species and numbers in official listing. We suggest the failure to recognise the hyperreal is a form of false consciousness that creates a tension between managing for formally recognised values and managing the unmanageable utopia, and that a broader use of cultural landscapes might be useful in addressing this divide.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1024 - 1038"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2109607
Boyuan Sheng, K. Ozgun, Shannon Satherley, D. Cushing
Abstract Australian cities have experienced a high number of floods and droughts. In Australia, green infrastructure (GI) is increasingly popular in considering natural processes in sustainable water management practices. However, to date, there has been little examination of how the academic literature has addressed the use of GI in Australian landscape planning for water management. To investigate this, we applied a thematic framework and used the PRISMA approach to identify and analyse 98 peer-reviewed papers to better understand whether and how landscape planning perspectives are considered in current water management approaches in Australia. We found a recent increase in Australian-based literature related to GI for water management. However, there is limited literature discussing the significance of landscape connectivity and the multi-functionality of GI. This article concludes with recommendations for future research on the landscape planning principles of multi-functionality, landscape connectivity, and the integration of multiple scales of GI in Australian urban water management.
{"title":"Landscape planning for sustainable water management: a systematic review of green infrastructure literature in the Australian context","authors":"Boyuan Sheng, K. Ozgun, Shannon Satherley, D. Cushing","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2109607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2109607","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Australian cities have experienced a high number of floods and droughts. In Australia, green infrastructure (GI) is increasingly popular in considering natural processes in sustainable water management practices. However, to date, there has been little examination of how the academic literature has addressed the use of GI in Australian landscape planning for water management. To investigate this, we applied a thematic framework and used the PRISMA approach to identify and analyse 98 peer-reviewed papers to better understand whether and how landscape planning perspectives are considered in current water management approaches in Australia. We found a recent increase in Australian-based literature related to GI for water management. However, there is limited literature discussing the significance of landscape connectivity and the multi-functionality of GI. This article concludes with recommendations for future research on the landscape planning principles of multi-functionality, landscape connectivity, and the integration of multiple scales of GI in Australian urban water management.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"134 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44678045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-03DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2104828
Sophie Barbaix, P. de Maeyer, Xi Chen, J. Bourgeois, A. Kurban
Abstract The research in this paper focusses on examining the link between the karez and their location in the physical landscape. The landscape can be divided into specific classes dependent on their natural characteristics, such as slope, drainage, and soil properties. These classes are compared to the known karez locations, settlement, and vegetation throughout time using Corona KH4B-, Landsat 8-, and Pleiades 1-imagery. It is shown that the karez are indeed restricted to certain landscape types, nonetheless, variety is still possible within one site location. When including settlement patterns, they are heavily influenced by the presence of karez and/or surface water. The connection between the landscape classes, the karez, and the settlements is evident but interestingly some aspects cannot be explained fully by the physical surroundings only. This leads to believe that other agents must also be present of socio-economical, mental, or historical nature.
{"title":"An integrated approach to modelling the interaction of the natural landscape and the karez water system in Turpan (Xinjiang, P.R.C.)","authors":"Sophie Barbaix, P. de Maeyer, Xi Chen, J. Bourgeois, A. Kurban","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2104828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2104828","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research in this paper focusses on examining the link between the karez and their location in the physical landscape. The landscape can be divided into specific classes dependent on their natural characteristics, such as slope, drainage, and soil properties. These classes are compared to the known karez locations, settlement, and vegetation throughout time using Corona KH4B-, Landsat 8-, and Pleiades 1-imagery. It is shown that the karez are indeed restricted to certain landscape types, nonetheless, variety is still possible within one site location. When including settlement patterns, they are heavily influenced by the presence of karez and/or surface water. The connection between the landscape classes, the karez, and the settlements is evident but interestingly some aspects cannot be explained fully by the physical surroundings only. This leads to believe that other agents must also be present of socio-economical, mental, or historical nature.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1052 - 1070"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41451951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-21DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2089641
Myeong-Jun Lee
Abstract Rigid and conventional drawing training is unfamiliar to first-year Korean students who generally complete natural sciences in Korean high school. This study uses a qualitative case study of a Korean landscape design studio to examine approaches to improving the academic performance of Korean basic-level landscape design studios by actively using collage and model-making as pedagogical tools for generating creative design ideas. First, I used a literature review to scrutinise the significant roles of various types of hand-drawing, which informed the design of an alternative studio program, which I implemented. This changed the conventional order of the design studio process to encourage students to use landscape collages and models as creative design ideation and development tools. These tools were effective for understanding a spatial sense of scale, creative design ideation, landform study, texture, and materials application. The findings contribute to an alternative approach to Korean and international basic-level landscape design education.
{"title":"Back to basics in landscape architecture pedagogy through collage and model-making: a qualitative study in Korean basic-level design education","authors":"Myeong-Jun Lee","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2089641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2089641","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Rigid and conventional drawing training is unfamiliar to first-year Korean students who generally complete natural sciences in Korean high school. This study uses a qualitative case study of a Korean landscape design studio to examine approaches to improving the academic performance of Korean basic-level landscape design studios by actively using collage and model-making as pedagogical tools for generating creative design ideas. First, I used a literature review to scrutinise the significant roles of various types of hand-drawing, which informed the design of an alternative studio program, which I implemented. This changed the conventional order of the design studio process to encourage students to use landscape collages and models as creative design ideation and development tools. These tools were effective for understanding a spatial sense of scale, creative design ideation, landform study, texture, and materials application. The findings contribute to an alternative approach to Korean and international basic-level landscape design education.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"959 - 979"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44974270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-08DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2091121
M. van den Brink, A. van den Brink, D. Bruns
Abstract Landscape architects play important roles in addressing societal challenges. To successfully address these challenges, this essay argues that they need to expand their understanding of boundaries and engage in boundary thinking. Distinguishing between physical, mental and socially constructed boundaries, we characterise boundary thinking as a creative process and productive motive in designing landscapes. Subsequently, we present four types of boundary-spanning roles for landscape architects to perform—the subject-based designer, the visionary narrator, the process-based designer, and the design-led entrepreneur—and point to the cognitive and social capacities needed to play any of these roles. We propose for landscape architecture to consider boundary thinking in agenda setting discourses and to include boundary spanning into practice. We suggest three avenues to pursue in realising professional opportunities: exploring the roles landscape architects play, understanding the environment that enables boundary-spanning work, and developing boundary theory in landscape architectural research.
{"title":"Boundary thinking in landscape architecture and boundary-spanning roles of landscape architects","authors":"M. van den Brink, A. van den Brink, D. Bruns","doi":"10.1080/01426397.2022.2091121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01426397.2022.2091121","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Landscape architects play important roles in addressing societal challenges. To successfully address these challenges, this essay argues that they need to expand their understanding of boundaries and engage in boundary thinking. Distinguishing between physical, mental and socially constructed boundaries, we characterise boundary thinking as a creative process and productive motive in designing landscapes. Subsequently, we present four types of boundary-spanning roles for landscape architects to perform—the subject-based designer, the visionary narrator, the process-based designer, and the design-led entrepreneur—and point to the cognitive and social capacities needed to play any of these roles. We propose for landscape architecture to consider boundary thinking in agenda setting discourses and to include boundary spanning into practice. We suggest three avenues to pursue in realising professional opportunities: exploring the roles landscape architects play, understanding the environment that enables boundary-spanning work, and developing boundary theory in landscape architectural research.","PeriodicalId":51471,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Research","volume":"47 1","pages":"1087 - 1099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42738364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/01426397.2022.2091771
V. Ferrario
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