Applied Research in Quality of Life最新文献

The present study aims to investigate the relative temporal associations of different types of mindfulness-related qualities (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-reactivity, nonjudging, tranquility, and concentration) at the dispositional level with well-being, psychological distress, and nonattachment by a 9-month longitudinal study over four-time points. Data from 274 participants (Age mean = 21.22; 78.5% women) who did not have any meditation experience were analyzed using linear regression models. Two-hundred and forty-two, 223, 216 participants were retained at three-month (88%), six-month (81%), and nine-month (79%) follow-up assessments, respectively. The results showed that among the seven qualities, tranquility was the most predictive quality to the outcome variables, including depressive symptoms, perceived stress, mental well-being, peacefulness, and nonattachment, after controlling for the outcome variables’ scores measured at the previous time points and other qualities at baseline. Observing, describing, nonreactivity, and acting with awareness were also shown to be predictive of certain types of outcome variables. The present study might provide insights into which qualities could be specifically targeted in the practice of mindfulness for novices, aiming to optimize the benefits of practice on mental health.

Seasonal migration among retired individuals is increasingly common in China. Many seasonal retired migrants move to Hainan Island during the winter months and return to their original places in the warmer months. This study examines the changes in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among seasonal retired migrants during their migration and identifies potential effect modifiers of these changes. A prospective cohort study with one-year follow-up was conducted in Wuzhishan City, Hainan, involving 884 seasonal retired migrants who completed baseline and two follow-up investigations. HRQoL was measured using the EQ-5D-5L instrument. Fractional regression models were employed to analyze HRQoL changes and explore effect modifications by demographic, behavioral, and other health-related characteristics. The median age was 68 years, with 58.3% being female. HRQoL significantly improved when migrants moved to Wuzhishan City, with EQ-5D utility increasing by 0.058 (p < 0.001) and EQ-VAS score rising by 4.47 (p < 0.001) compared to their original places. Chronic conditions, baseline sleep quality, and changes in physical activity and sleep quality during migration were significant modifiers of HRQoL changes. Participants with chronic diseases experienced greater improvements in HRQoL. Improved sleep quality and increased physical activity during migration were also associated with greater improvements in HRQoL. This study reveals the associations between Chinese seasonal migrants’ HRQoL and places, whereas the migrants possess better HRQoL in Hainan Island compared to that in their original places during seasonal migration, modified by several characteristics. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of the geography of well-being and offer practical implications for policymakers and public health professionals.

The current state of the world has left uncertainty and despair for many, subsequently leading to increased risks in numerous areas of life (i.e., health, education, workplace, relationships) and overall wellbeing. Hope, as a stand-alone construct, is a protective factor against many mental and physical health conditions, while serving as a strategy to improve all areas of life. Moreover, research has found hope is teachable, measurable, and learnable. However, the skills of hope are not taught, leaving us susceptible to the risks associated with hopelessness if we do not know how to proactively manage it and grow our hope. The following narrative review provides a synthesis of hope-related research across numerous domains of life, provides evidence for hope as a teachable construct, and compiles evidence-based Hopeful Mindset and Hopeful Minds curriculums to help ignite the dissemination of its skills.

This paper examines the relationship between different dimensions of subjective well-being and savings behaviour. A conceptual framework based on Van Praag et al.’s (2003) two-layer model of well-being was empirically tested to investigate relationships among general life satisfaction, domain-specific satisfaction (health, income, leisure time, and job), and various measures of savings behaviour. Using panel data from the Understanding Society Survey covering British households between 2010 and 2018, this research determined that while general satisfaction positively correlates with savings behaviour, different satisfaction domains show varying relationships. Income and job satisfaction demonstrate positive associations with savings behaviour, whereas health and leisure time satisfaction show negative correlations. The core relationships remain stable even when the analysis is extended to include the non-linear effect of health satisfaction or the COVID-19 period, suggesting persistent patterns in how different aspects of well-being relate to financial decision-making. These findings suggest that approaches to understanding savings behaviour might benefit from considering multiple dimensions of well-being rather than relying on unified measures of general satisfaction.

This study empirically tested the reciprocal associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing (life satisfaction, domain satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) using 21 waves of the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. Responses collected from working adults who responded to the work-family questions at least once were selected for the analysis (N ≈ 11,007). The study results demonstrate temporal within-person associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing suggesting a feedback loop: an increased level of work-life conflict is associated with reduced subjective well-being in the following year while the reduced subjective well-being is linked to increased work-life conflict in the year to come. In addition to temporal effects, the results suggest contemporaneous within-person associations: in years when a person experiences higher-than-usual work-life conflict, they simultaneously report lower-than-usual well-being, and vice versa. Furthermore, the results also suggest moderate between-person associations between work-life conflict and subjective well-being. Overall, these findings highlight the immediate and long-term associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing. Policy implications are discussed along with study limitations and suggestions for future research.

College students are in a critical period for defining their life direction, yet they often face external temptations that challenge the development of an authentic inner compass (AIC), underscoring the importance of their self-control during the same period. This study examined the reciprocal associations between the development of AIC and self-control among Chinese college students, who may experience heightened autonomy-related challenges in university settings. Participants (N = 2014; 64% female; mean age = 18.35 years at Wave 1) from eight Chinese public universities completed online surveys annually across four waves from 2020 to 2023, reporting on their AIC and self-control at least twice. AIC was assessed using Yu et al. (Current Psychology, 40, 887–894, 2021) adapted Chinese version of Assor’s (2012) Authentic Inner Compass Scale, and self-control was assessed by Tangney et al.’s (Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271–324, 2004) Brief Self-Control Scale. Cross-lagged panel modeling (CLPM) revealed positive reciprocal associations between AIC and self-control in general. Self-control consistently predicted increases in AIC each year, whereas AIC predicted changes in self-control only from junior to senior year, likely due to the heightened academic and career-related pressures faced by senior students. These findings underscore the critical role of college students’ self-control in forming their inner guiding schemas, which in turn reinforces self-regulatory capacities as they get to prepare for post-graduation development. This highlights the need for educational practices to strengthen self-control strategies throughout college while providing targeted support for senior students to clarify their inner goals, thereby fostering both personal growth and successful life planning.

Subjective well-being influences longevity and health maintenance. No specific scale exists in French to measure the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of subjective well-being simultaneously. The BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB) is a reliable and valid measure of subjective well-being in the general population. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the BBC-SWB into a French version and to evaluate its psychometric properties, validity, and reliability in the general adult population in France. After providing their informed consent, a sample of 1419 participants, were asked to complete a sociodemographic questionnaire and respond to a battery of online self-report measures probing subjective well-being, subjective happiness, mental health, quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The process of intercultural adaptation showed a semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence between the original version and the French version. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to extract and confirm a three-factor structural model in the sample. A 24-item version showed acceptable psychometric properties and measured the three dimensions of well-being. Spearman correlations were performed demonstrating significant concurrent validity. Internal consistency and intraclass and inter-rater correlation coefficients showed excellent reliability. This scale renamed “EBES” for Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif, represents a valid, reliable, and recommended instrument for research and clinical intervention purposes.

Research in urban planning demonstrates that the built environment holds significant power to shape individuals’ subjective wellbeing and quality of life outcomes. In contrast, a substantial body of psychological research suggests that circumstantial and geographical environments play a relatively minor role in explaining variations in happiness. To reconcile these contrasting findings, we conducted a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative synthesis. This study adopts a sequential design. First, we systematically search for and evaluate quantitative evidence from 54 studies examining 29 policy interventions. Based on the included studies, we then identify relevant covariates, focusing on the type of interventions, associated neighbourhood environments, population subgroups, duration, and methodological design, for a meta-regression analysis. Estimates from our meta-regressions reveal that place-based neighbourhood interventions are more likely to produce short-term mental health and wellbeing impacts compared to people-based interventions, such as subsidised residential mobility programmes. However, the wellbeing effects are unequally distributed among population subgroups. Girls are more likely to experience beneficial effects, while boys are more likely to experience detrimental ones. Additionally, the results from our meta-regressions suggest that among various types of neighbourhood environments, the social environment is more likely to be associated with neighbourhood effects than the economic environment.

Digital wellbeing research is on a rising edge. It is also increasingly applied in the hospitality sector to measure the satisfaction of visitors (metaphorically called here ‘smileys’); understanding and enhancing visitor satisfaction are pivotal for the success of tourism destinations. This study seeks to identify critical factors influencing the visitors’ appreciation for London, a city renowned for its allure, by harnessing available user data from Airbnb listings and hotels, using online reviews, with a particular view to the spatial pattern of visitors’ choices in corona times. Advanced statistical techniques, including sentiment analysis, digital text analysis, multilevel analysis, and geographically weighted regression, are employed to discover geographical patterns as well as statistical correlations between land use, density, geographic location, and visitor contentment. The findings reveal that proximity to parks, accessibility to public transportation, and the presence of natural amenities exert substantial influence on visitor satisfaction in London. Especially, the proximity to a park enhances visitor satisfaction, predominantly in western London. Efficient access to public transportation in central areas of the city positively impacts visitor contentment levels as well. Furthermore, the availability of and accessibility to natural attractions in the southern and southwest areas of London appear to elevate visitor satisfaction. These novel insights empower destination managers, policymakers, and tourism stakeholders to make informed decisions, formulate targeted strategies, and enhance visitor experiences in specific London locales. The research highlights the importance of considering location-specific factors and customizing approaches to optimize the visitor appreciations for a city. By understanding the complex dynamics between land use, density, location, and visitor satisfaction, stakeholders can foster sustainable tourism growth and create a more appealing environment for visitors.

Confidence in one’s societal institutions is essential for people’s well-being. We argue that a citizen’s perceived trust in known others and trust in strangers mediate that relationship and that the effects of both sources of trust on life satisfaction depend on a society’s rule of law. Data were used from representative samples of persons (n = 39,140) from 40 nations and territories from the World Values Survey, wave 7. As expected, multilevel analyses showed that confidence in one’s societal institutions generally predicted greater life satisfaction for a society’s citizens. These patterns were mediated positively by trust in known others but negatively by trust in strangers. Importantly, the within-society links of life satisfaction with these two types of trust depended on a society’s rule of law, with stronger positive associations between trust in others and life satisfaction in societies strong in the rule of law. In societies weak in the rule of law, trust in strangers was negatively associated with life satisfaction. The present study highlights the importance of differentiating the type of trust in shaping an individual’s well-being and the role of socio-political infrastructure in developing the trust of its members towards both known others and strangers.