Applied Research in Quality of Life最新文献

This study empirically tested the reciprocal associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing (life satisfaction, domain satisfaction, positive affect, and negative affect) using 21 waves of the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey. Responses collected from working adults who responded to the work-family questions at least once were selected for the analysis (N ≈ 11,007). The study results demonstrate temporal within-person associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing suggesting a feedback loop: an increased level of work-life conflict is associated with reduced subjective well-being in the following year while the reduced subjective well-being is linked to increased work-life conflict in the year to come. In addition to temporal effects, the results suggest contemporaneous within-person associations: in years when a person experiences higher-than-usual work-life conflict, they simultaneously report lower-than-usual well-being, and vice versa. Furthermore, the results also suggest moderate between-person associations between work-life conflict and subjective well-being. Overall, these findings highlight the immediate and long-term associations between work-life conflict and subjective wellbeing. Policy implications are discussed along with study limitations and suggestions for future research.

College students are in a critical period for defining their life direction, yet they often face external temptations that challenge the development of an authentic inner compass (AIC), underscoring the importance of their self-control during the same period. This study examined the reciprocal associations between the development of AIC and self-control among Chinese college students, who may experience heightened autonomy-related challenges in university settings. Participants (N = 2014; 64% female; mean age = 18.35 years at Wave 1) from eight Chinese public universities completed online surveys annually across four waves from 2020 to 2023, reporting on their AIC and self-control at least twice. AIC was assessed using Yu et al. (Current Psychology, 40, 887–894, 2021) adapted Chinese version of Assor’s (2012) Authentic Inner Compass Scale, and self-control was assessed by Tangney et al.’s (Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271–324, 2004) Brief Self-Control Scale. Cross-lagged panel modeling (CLPM) revealed positive reciprocal associations between AIC and self-control in general. Self-control consistently predicted increases in AIC each year, whereas AIC predicted changes in self-control only from junior to senior year, likely due to the heightened academic and career-related pressures faced by senior students. These findings underscore the critical role of college students’ self-control in forming their inner guiding schemas, which in turn reinforces self-regulatory capacities as they get to prepare for post-graduation development. This highlights the need for educational practices to strengthen self-control strategies throughout college while providing targeted support for senior students to clarify their inner goals, thereby fostering both personal growth and successful life planning.

Subjective well-being influences longevity and health maintenance. No specific scale exists in French to measure the physical, psychological, and social dimensions of subjective well-being simultaneously. The BBC Subjective Well-Being Scale (BBC-SWB) is a reliable and valid measure of subjective well-being in the general population. The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the BBC-SWB into a French version and to evaluate its psychometric properties, validity, and reliability in the general adult population in France. After providing their informed consent, a sample of 1419 participants, were asked to complete a sociodemographic questionnaire and respond to a battery of online self-report measures probing subjective well-being, subjective happiness, mental health, quality of life, anxiety, and depression. The process of intercultural adaptation showed a semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence between the original version and the French version. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to extract and confirm a three-factor structural model in the sample. A 24-item version showed acceptable psychometric properties and measured the three dimensions of well-being. Spearman correlations were performed demonstrating significant concurrent validity. Internal consistency and intraclass and inter-rater correlation coefficients showed excellent reliability. This scale renamed “EBES” for Évaluation du Bien-Être Subjectif, represents a valid, reliable, and recommended instrument for research and clinical intervention purposes.

Confidence in one’s societal institutions is essential for people’s well-being. We argue that a citizen’s perceived trust in known others and trust in strangers mediate that relationship and that the effects of both sources of trust on life satisfaction depend on a society’s rule of law. Data were used from representative samples of persons (n = 39,140) from 40 nations and territories from the World Values Survey, wave 7. As expected, multilevel analyses showed that confidence in one’s societal institutions generally predicted greater life satisfaction for a society’s citizens. These patterns were mediated positively by trust in known others but negatively by trust in strangers. Importantly, the within-society links of life satisfaction with these two types of trust depended on a society’s rule of law, with stronger positive associations between trust in others and life satisfaction in societies strong in the rule of law. In societies weak in the rule of law, trust in strangers was negatively associated with life satisfaction. The present study highlights the importance of differentiating the type of trust in shaping an individual’s well-being and the role of socio-political infrastructure in developing the trust of its members towards both known others and strangers.

Background

Providing the necessary supportive environment is important for promoting healthy ageing and ensuring the well-being of older adults. However, whether social support could buffer the detrimental effect of reversible cognitive frailty (RCF) on health outcomes among older adults has not been empirically examined.

Objective

To examine the moderating effect of three dimensions of social support on the relationship between RCF and health outcomes, including functional ability (FA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study with 1171 community-dwelling older adults. Social support was assessed using the Social Support Rating Scale. RCF was identified by the Frailty Phenotype and simplified subjective cognitive decline questionnaire. As for FA, the Katz index and the Lawton Scale were used to measure activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL), respectively. HRQoL was measured by the Short Form Health Survey. Hierarchical linear regression analysis was implemented to test the moderating effects.

Results

Support utilization buffered the effect of RCF on IADL ability while subjective support buffered the effect of RCF on physical HRQoL. However, objective support had no significant moderating effect on the relationship between RCF and any health outcomes.

Conclusion

The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between RCF and health outcomes varies by support types and by specific health outcomes. Effective interventions should target the perception and utilization of available support among older adults with RCF to maintain their functional independence and HRQoL.

Numerous research studies have reported that COVID-19 adversely affects individual mental well-being, but studies on the effect of the pandemic on family well-being have been sparse. Given that happiness is an essential determinant of quality of life, we examined the predictors of family happiness during COVID-19 in this study based on a convenience sampling of 2,971 Hong Kong residents between April 2021 and March 2022. Results showed that those between 35 and 54 years were happier than those between 19 and 34. Family happiness correlated with age, individual happiness, family solidarity, family resources, family mental health, and the COVID-19 impact. Individual happiness and family factors also consistently predicted family happiness regardless of the severity of the pandemic. Findings suggest that individual happiness and several family factors shape family happiness. Fostering supportive measures and care within families is essential to improve family happiness.

Character strengths, individual differences in positive, morally valued human characteristics, are a core concept in positive psychology and positive organizational behavior. The application of character strengths through “strengths use” at work is associated with a variety of positive outcomes, including higher levels of work performance and employee wellbeing. To address fragmentation in this literature, we conducted a meta-analysis of relations between strengths use and these outcomes. Consistent with pre-registered hypotheses, we find positive associations between strengths use and work performance (ρ = .421) and worker wellbeing (ρ = .621). However, contrary to the premise of “strengths overuse,” we did not find evidence for non-linearity in these associations. We also explore demographic and methodological moderators of these relations and present an accounting of additional relations between strengths use at work and a broader network of more specific performance- and wellbeing-related constructs, associated strengths-use constructs, job characteristics, dispositional and attitudinal constructs, and demographic characteristics.

One unintended consequence of the widespread use of the Internet is the emergence of cyberbullying among children, which threatens their social and behavioral development. Recently, researchers have reported a positive relationship between cyber-victimization and cyberbullying in primary school children. While moral disengagement and normative beliefs about aggression predict cyberbullying, it is not clear whether they mediate the association between cyber-victimization and cyberbullying. To address this research gap, we performed a cross-sectional study with a sample of 1,252 children (56.8% boys; mean age = 9.38) from 16 primary schools in Hong Kong, China. Results of structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that moral disengagement and normative beliefs about aggression served as mediators in the association between cyber-victimization and cyberbullying. Cyber-victimization increased engagement in cyberbullying through higher moral disengagement and stronger normative beliefs about aggression. Gender differences also played a significant role, with cyber-victimized boys more likely to engage in online bullying activities. Overall, the findings contribute to our understanding the development of cyberbullying in children in a non-Western setting. These findings also have implications for developing and implementing intervention programs aimed at protecting children from cyberbullying. Limitations of the study are discussed.

Teacher Educators (TE) are a specific category of Higher Education (HE) academics whose primary responsibility is the preparation of Pre-Service Teachers (PSTs) for the Early Childhood, Primary, Secondary, and Further Education and Training contexts. TEs navigate this important, multifaceted role in addition to growing work pressures and decreased resource allocations. Though these stressors often lead to burnout, negatively impacting TEs’ wellbeing, productivity, and career satisfaction, many persevere in this career despite these challenging experiences. This qualitative study employs the popular PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) to explore the protective factors that support TEs’ mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) was applied to a combination of open-ended survey responses (n = 154) and semi-structured interview (n = 14) data from Higher Education TEs in Ireland and the United Kingdom (UK). Participants reported that excessive relational demands and the undervaluation and under-recognition of accomplishments in promotion systems challenged their wellbeing. However, findings highlight how positive emotions, vocational workflow, social support, a sense of meaning/purpose, and professional accomplishment can support thriving in the workplace. Our sample further benefitted from general wellbeing practices (diet, exercise, mindfulness), professional collegiality, and boundary setting, which help maintain work–life balance. These findings suggest that HE institutions might consider PERMA-informed initiatives – such as wellbeing programmes, formal recognition of diverse work achievements, and flexible workload policies – to mitigate workplace stress and promote TE resilience. Promoting these factors may improve quality of life outcomes for TEs and enhance outcomes within initial teacher education.

The well-being effects of artisanal food production activities remain understudied despite growing interest in the relation between well-being and food. A study was therefore designed to investigate the impact of taking part in a sourdough bread-making workshop on mood status, the hypothesis being that the rich multisensory stimulation involved might contribute positively to enhancing participants’ emotional states. A total of three sourdough making workshops (N = 52 participants) were conducted in Berlin, each lasting 2–2.5 h. The participants mixed ingredients, kneaded and shaped the dough, and tasted freshly-baked bread samples. Mood assessments were collected at four time points during the course of each workshop. The results demonstrated significant improvements in several self-reported mood states measures, including increased relaxation, reduced stress and nervousness, and an enhanced feeling of being connected to nature. The multisensory experiences of the sourdough making process, particularly the olfactory, auditory, and visual aspects, were identified as key contributors to these effects. More specifically, the aroma from sourdough ingredients, the sound of mixing, and the sight of sourdough slices were found to be especially effective in inducing positive emotional states. The results of this study therefore contribute new empirical evidence supporting the potential of artisanal bread making as a eudaimonic activity, offering insights into the relationship between sensory-rich food preparation and psychological well-being. These findings have implications for understanding the therapeutic potential of culinary activities in promoting positive mental health outcomes.