Applied Research in Quality of Life最新文献

In this study, we examined family resilience as a mediator in the relationship between family functioning and four types of well-being (overall life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, flourishing, and positive mental health). This study was conducted among university students attending the University of Chlef (N = 350; 304 females, 46 males; mean age 22.34). The participants completed the Family Functioning Scale (FFS), Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ), Satisfaction with Family Life Scale (SWFLS), Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), Flourishing Scale (FS), and Positive Mental Health Scale (PMHS). With bootstrapping, the Hayes’ PROCESS macro for SPSS was used to analyze the mediated effects of family resilience. Family resilience partially mediates family functioning and overall life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, and flourishing. Family resilience fully mediates the relationship between family functioning and positive mental health.

Investigating developmental trajectories of peer victimization in adolescents with multi-informant reports, and elucidating the moderating effects of personal belief in a just world (PBJW) and general belief in a just world (GBJW) in the longitudinal association between different developmental trajectories and depressive symptoms. Participants were 2451 adolescents completed four self- and peer-reported victimization surveys at six-month intervals, reported belief in a just world at T1 and depressive symptoms at T4. Latent class growth analysis (LCGA) and moderating effects analysis were conducted. There were four self-reported victimization trajectories (low 75.7%, high 5.2%, decreasing 11.6%, increasing 7.5%) and five peer-reported victimization trajectories (low 63.0%, high 6.0%, moderate 19.2%, increasing 4.9%, decreasing 6.9%) during the adolescent transition period. GBJW exacerbated depressive symptoms in the “increasing self-report victimization” and “high peer-report victimization” subgroups; PBJW alleviated depressive symptoms in the “moderate peer-report victimization” subgroup. For adolescents in transition, self- and peer-reported victimization show stability and fluctuation. The roles of PBJW and GBJW in the longitudinal association between peer victimization and depressive symptoms depend on the severity of the victimization situation.

As extracurricular activities (EAs) become increasingly common among young children, understanding their associations with developmental outcomes are critical for promoting well-being and reducing inequalities in early childhood. However, research on this topic remains limited, and findings are mixed. This study examines how EA participation is related to six early developmental domains, including social-emotional, communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal-social skills, and whether these associations vary for children with different developmental levels. We employ the inverse probability weighting to address differential selection into EAs and quantile regressions to explore distributional patterns. Drawing on data from 8,112 preschoolers in Hangzhou, China, our findings indicate that EA participation is positively associated with children’s developmental outcomes. Moreover, the strength of these associations is greater for children positioned at the lower end of the developmental spectrum. These findings highlight the potential of EAs as a compensatory mechanism for reducing developmental disparities and improving the quality of life for disadvantaged children. Policy interventions aimed at improving equitable participation and fostering inclusive early childhood development were discussed at the end.

In today’s increasingly digital environment, technology presents considerable opportunities for enhancing well-being among older adults, who demonstrate growing engagement with smartphones and social media platforms. This study developed and evaluated a “21-Day Self-Healing and Well-Being Guide,” a digital intervention specifically designed for older adults. The intervention employed digital nudging techniques targeting five core well-being dimensions identified through previous research: physical health, gratitude expression, religious faith, family relationships, and financial security. The three-group experimental study compared two distinct push notification intervention models with a non-intervention control group. The behavior modification group received interventions based on the Fogg Behavior Model, with targeted behavioral prompts focused on health management and gratitude practices. The positive phrase group received affirmative messages designed to improve emotional states and enhance life satisfaction. Both intervention groups received daily digital engagement throughout the 21-day program period. Intervention effectiveness was assessed through pre-post measurements of life satisfaction, quality of life, and self-healing capacity among 603 participants aged 55 and above. Results demonstrated significant improvements across all outcome measures in both intervention groups compared to controls, with the behavior modification group exhibiting more substantial improvements in physical well-being and self-healing capacity. Qualitative data confirmed high intervention acceptability and perceived value of digital engagement. These findings suggest that evidence-based digital interventions can effectively enhance older adults’ well-being by leveraging their increasing digital literacy and social media engagement. Future research should examine the long-term sustainability of these behavioral changes and explore applications across diverse older adult populations with varying levels of technological familiarity.

Internet-related addictive behaviors are a public health concern, especially in Asian jurisdictions. Guided by theory, the present study employed moderated mediation modeling using cross-sectional data from Taiwan, Malaysia, Hong Kong, and China to explore relationships between psychological distress, internet-related addictive behaviors, and quality of life (QoL). Jurisdictional differences were also explored. Using snowball sampling to recruit online data, 6,074 participants aged 18 years or older were recruited. Moderated mediation models suggested that psychological distress was related to all internet-related addictive behaviors, and specific behaviors were related to poor QoL in specific domains: gaming addiction to physical and social QoL, shopping addiction to physical, social, and environmental QoL, social networking addiction to all QoL domains, and pornography addiction and gambling addiction to psychological and social QoL (albeit more weakly). Jurisdictional variations were observed, with stronger associations in Taiwan and China compared to Malaysia and Hong Kong. The findings suggest important relationships between psychological distress, internet-related addictive behaviors, and QoL. They also suggest a need for culturally tailored interventions that address psychological distress and specific internet-related addictive behaviors to improve QoL.

Despite a growing interest in adolescent subjective well-being, cross-cultural research on positive and negative affect in adolescents has been surprisingly scarce. Moreover, a cross-cultural evaluation of affective well-being measures in adolescents has lagged behind research in adults. The present study evaluated the cross-national and gender invariance of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE), using adolescent samples from 32 countries (N = 17,489; age range = 14–19) spanning five continents. The original two-factor structure of the SPANE was supported in 29 of the 32 countries. We could establish partial metric invariance of the SPANE across countries and full or partial scalar invariance across gender in 18 and 11 countries, respectively. The alignment method showed evidence for approximate invariance across countries, allowing for cross-national means comparisons of positive and negative affect. In most countries, girls reported higher levels of negative affect, and no substantial gender differences in positive affect were observed. Cross-national differences in mean levels of positive and negative affect yielded complex findings. Our results suggest that the SPANE is a solid candidate for measuring emotional experiences among adolescents in large-scale cross-national studies.

This study explores the association between intergenerational relationships and depressive symptoms among older adults, with a particular focus on the moderating effect of unmet home- and community-based care (HCBC) needs. We first applied latent class analysis to categorize the unmet HCBC needs of older adults into three distinct patterns. We used these patterns as moderators to examine the effects of intergenerational relationships on depressive symptoms, focusing on the dimensions of solidarity, conflict, and ambivalence. Our results indicate that intergenerational solidarity significantly lowers depressive symptoms, whereas intergenerational conflict and intergenerational ambivalence intensify these symptoms. The influence of these intergenerational dynamics on depressive symptoms was moderated by the identified patterns of unmet HCBC needs. These results not only increase the understanding of the complex interplay between intergenerational relationships and psychological well-being but also highlight the need for effective policy and interventions that address both intergenerational dynamics and HCBC needs to improve the psychological well-being of older adults.

Excessive mobile phone use has raised concerns about addiction among college students, yet research specifically addressing firefighter students remains limited. This study investigates how meaning in life (MIL) is associated with problematic smartphone use (PSU) in firefighter students, with positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) as mediators. Data from 606 participants (M_age = 22.73; SD = 2.67, 97% male) were collected across two waves, assessing MIL, PA, NA, and PSU. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with item parceling revealed that both PA (B = − 0.09, SE = 0.04, p = .042, 95% CI [-0.176, − 0.003]) and NA (B = − 0.05, SE = 0.01, p = .001, 95% CI [-0.073, − 0.017]) significantly mediate the MIL-PSU relationship. Specifically, higher MIL correlates with reduced PSU, mediated by increased PA and decreased NA. These results highlight the critical role of emotional states in the MIL-PSU link, offering insights for intervention strategies that focus on enhancing MIL and emotion to curb PSU in firefighter students. Additionally, the insignificant direct association between T1-MIL and T2-PSU among students with prior firefighting experience, in the absence of mediation by PA/NA, suggests the important and complex role of previous firefighting experience, which should be further explored when developing interventions tailored to firefighter students with and without such experience.

Purpose

To provide population norms of the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in Sierra Leone with the EuroQoL EQ-5D-3L. The norm score can be used to compare patients’ health status and development of their quality-of-life status during treatment.

Methods

EQ-5D-3L data was collected of 1894 respondents by face-to-face interviews, along with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score and demographic data including gender, age, work, ethnicity and country district. VAS scores, index scores (based on the Zimbabwe value set), sum scores, and distribution of levels per dimension were described and calculated. Statistical tests were performed to determine which demographic variable influenced the VAS and index scores.

Results

The mean VAS score (standard deviation (SD)) and index (SD) found were 82 (12) and 0.85 (0.09), respectively. No statistical difference was found in the VAS score for gender but in the index; with male and female mean index values of 0.84 and 0.86, respectively (p < 0.001). The best possible QoL index state was found in 59.4% of the respondents. The lowest possible QoL index was not encountered. The percentage of an unimpaired QoL in the dimensions were: mobility 92.0%; self-care 96.7%; usual activities 90.9%; pain/discomfort 68.3% and anxiety/depression 77.0%, respectively.

Conclusion

This study provides a population norm for Sierra Leone, which can be used to compare a patient’s HRQoL to the population’s norm, and to assess the effect of a treatment on the HRQoL.