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Response Cries Inviting an Alignment: Finnish huh huh 邀请结盟:芬兰语啊哈
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1712965
Samu Pehkonen
ABSTRACT This study looks at the use of the Finnish response cry huh huh as a device to invite an alignment and to assess joint physical experience. Response cries establish a speaker’s orientation to the world, but they also give cues for the recipient on how to respond to the responsive actions appropriately. While the meaning of huh huh is unproblematic for the recipients, both speakers and recipients orient to the vagueness of huh huh through their turn design and turn formulation. Of particular interest are those rare huh huh turns that are repeated by the receiver with prosodic upgrading or downgrading compared to the initial ones. Initiating a sequence with a response cry and repeating it in the second position prove to be effective devices for the participants to maintain social solidarity in physiologically or emotionally dense moments. The data are in Finnish with English translations.
本研究着眼于芬兰人的“啊啊啊啊”反应作为一种设备来邀请对齐和评估关节物理体验。回应哭声建立了说话者对世界的定位,但它们也给接收者提供了如何适当回应回应行为的线索。虽然“huh huh”的意思对接受者来说是没有问题的,但说话者和接受者都通过他们的回合设计和回合制定来适应“huh huh”的模糊性。特别有趣的是那些罕见的“嗯嗯”回合,与最初的回合相比,接受者重复了韵律升级或降级。以回应哭声开始一个序列,并在第二个位置重复它被证明是参与者在生理或情感密集时刻保持社会团结的有效手段。这些数据是芬兰语的,有英语翻译。
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引用次数: 12
Nonlexical “Moans”: Response Cries in Board Game Interactions 非词汇的“呻吟”:桌游互动中的回应哭泣
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1712964
E. Hofstetter
ABSTRACT This article examines nonlexical vocalizations in board game interactions, focusing on “moans.” Moans are prolonged, voiced, response cries. Moans react to game events where the player has suffered in some way. Despite the complaint-relevant nature of moans, game actions are never withdrawn in response to a moan, Moans are treated as laughable, while lexical complaints invoke arguments and apologies. This article suggests that moans are a manifestation of managing Bateson’s play paradox in that they denote suffering but also willingness to continue play and a validation of the prior event. Moans are suggested to be a contextualization cue for “this is play.” Given the relative unconventionality of the form of moans, these tokens are suggested as evidence that lack of conventionalization may be a members resource rather than a problem. The article analyzes a corpus of 34 hours of video-recorded board game play (169 tokens) in English (Canadian, American, and British).
本文研究了棋盘游戏互动中的非词汇发声,重点是“呻吟”。呻吟是一种长时间的、有声音的回应哭声。呻吟是对玩家遭受某种痛苦的游戏事件的反应。尽管抱怨具有抱怨的性质,但游戏行动不会因为抱怨而被撤回,抱怨被视为可笑,而词汇上的抱怨则会引发争论和道歉。这篇文章认为呻吟是贝特森戏剧悖论的一种表现,因为它们表示痛苦,但也表示继续游戏的意愿和对先前事件的确认。呻吟被认为是“这是游戏”的语境化暗示。鉴于呻吟形式的相对非常规性,这些标记被认为是缺乏常规化可能是成员资源而不是问题的证据。本文分析了用英语(加拿大、美国和英国)录制的34小时的棋盘游戏视频(169个代币)。
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引用次数: 20
Audible Sniffs: Smelling-in-Interaction 听觉嗅探:在互动中嗅探
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1716592
L. Mondada
ABSTRACT This article contributes to the study of nonlexical sound resources in social interaction by describing sniffs as sounds made by the body that have a physiological origin but also assume an interactional relevance: sniffing sounds made by participants when smelling. On the basis of a video-recorded tasting session in which participants engage in describing aromas, the article details the systematic organization of sniffing in a diversity of sequential environments—in which sniff-prefaced turns offer aroma descriptions in response to olfactory inquiries, confirm previous descriptions, and give alternative descriptions. Analyzing audible sounds made while visibly smelling in face-to-face interaction, the article’s aims are twofold: to contribute to the multimodal study of sounds in interaction and also to the study of sensoriality as an intersubjective practice through the systematic investigation of smelling-in-interaction. Data are in French with English translation and multimodal annotations.
本文通过将嗅探描述为具有生理起源但也具有交互相关性的身体发出的声音,从而有助于研究社会互动中的非词汇声音资源:参与者在闻气味时发出的嗅探声音。在一段参与者描述香气的品鉴录像的基础上,这篇文章详细介绍了在不同的连续环境中系统地组织嗅探——在这种环境中,以嗅探为开头的轮流提供香气描述,以回应嗅觉询问,确认先前的描述,并给出替代的描述。分析在面对面的互动中发出的可听到的声音,同时闻到明显的气味,本文的目的是双重的:促进互动中的声音的多模态研究,并通过系统地调查互动中的气味来研究作为一种主体间实践的感官性。数据为法语,带有英语翻译和多模态注释。
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引用次数: 26
Click-Initiated Self-Repair in Changing the Sequential Trajectory of Actions-in-Progress 在更改正在进行的动作的顺序轨迹中单击“启动的自修复”
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1712959
Xiaoting Li
ABSTRACT Clicks are velarically initiated ingressive stops. This study investigates the interactional uses of clicks in approximately 12 hours of Mandarin face-to-face conversations. It focuses on the TCU-medial clicks that occur in a type of action repair: a syntactically incomplete TCU followed by a click and the start of a new TCU. The click-initiated action repair changes the projected trajectories of actions-in-progress. It seems to be used to deal with two types of problems: the social and interactional inappositeness and sensitivity of the speaker’s ongoing action shown through coparticipants’ visually displayed orientations, and the speaker’s own change of state. This study adds to our knowledge about the types of practices that may be used to accomplish repair and the types of problems that the action repair may be mobilized to deal with. Data are in Mandarin Chinese with English translation.
摘要点击是速度启动的侵入性停止。本研究调查了在大约12小时的普通话面对面对话中点击的互动使用。它关注的是在一种动作修复中发生的TCU中间点击:一个语法不完整的TCU,然后点击并开始一个新的TCU。单击启动的动作修复会更改正在进行的动作的投影轨迹。它似乎被用来处理两种类型的问题:通过参与者视觉上显示的方向,说话者正在进行的行动的社交和互动不对立和敏感,以及说话者自己的状态变化。这项研究增加了我们对可用于完成修复的实践类型以及可动员行动修复来处理的问题类型的了解。数据为中文,并有英文翻译。
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引用次数: 11
On “Whistle” Sound Objects in English Everyday Conversation 论英语日常会话中的“哨音”宾语
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1712966
E. Reber, E. Couper-Kuhlen
ABSTRACT In this article we study the forms and functions of whistling in social interaction. Our analysis identifies two basic forms of conversational whistling, (a) melodic whistling, when participants whistle the tune of, e.g., a familiar song; and (b) nonmelodic whistling. The focus in this article lies on nonmelodic whistles, which come in two contours linked to specific actions: (a) the tonal whistle deployed for summoning (e.g., a domestic animal but also human participants); and (b) the gliding whistle used for affect-laden responses to informings that breach a norm, often ones containing a numerical reference. The pitch contour used on the latter type of whistle matches those found for more lexical sound objects, e.g., oh, ah, and wow. The data base for the study comprises a wide range of audio and video recordings of mundane American and British English telephone and face-to-face conversations.
摘要本文研究了口哨在社会交往中的表现形式和作用。我们的分析确定了会话口哨的两种基本形式,(a)旋律口哨,当参与者吹出熟悉歌曲的曲调时;和(b)非旋律的口哨声。本文的重点是非音调哨子,它有两个与特定动作相关的轮廓:(a)用于召唤的音调哨子(例如,家畜和人类参与者);以及(b)滑翔哨,用于对违反规范的信息做出充满感情的反应,通常是包含数字参考的信息。后一种类型的哨子使用的音高轮廓与更多词汇声音对象的音高轮廓相匹配,例如,哦、啊和哇。该研究的数据库包括广泛的美国和英国普通英语电话和面对面对话的音频和视频记录。
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引用次数: 11
Waiting to Inhale: On Sniffing in Conversation 等待吸气:谈会话中的嗅探
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2020-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2020.1712962
Elliott M. Hoey
ABSTRACT This article examines sniffing in everyday conversations. It builds on prior conversation analytic research on respiratory conduct, which has shown how things like inbreaths, sighs, and laughter are delicately organized and consequential components of the social occasions into which they figure. Sniffing—the swift, audible, intake of breath through the nasal passage—is analyzed by reference to its sequential placement in talk. Using a collection of 70 cases of sniffs in naturally occurring conversations, two recurrent uses of sniffing are described. Sniffs placed before or during a turn-at-talk serve to delay turn progression. And sniffs placed in the postcompletion space of a turn can indicate its completion. This association between postcompletion sniffing and turn completion is further supported through a comparison with postcompletion inbreaths. By situating sniffing in its sequential contexts, the organization of breathing is shown to be bound up with the organization of speaking. Data are in American and British English.
摘要本文研究了日常对话中的嗅闻现象。它建立在先前对呼吸行为的对话分析研究的基础上,该研究表明,近身、叹息和大笑等事物是如何被微妙地组织起来的,是它们所处社交场合的重要组成部分。嗅探——通过鼻腔快速、可听见的吸气——是通过参照其在谈话中的顺序位置来分析的。通过收集70例自然发生的对话中的嗅闻,描述了嗅闻的两种常见用途。在谈话转弯之前或转弯过程中放置的嗅探器有助于延迟转弯进程。在转弯完成后的空间中放置嗅觉可以指示转弯完成。通过与完成后入侵的比较,进一步支持了完成后嗅探和回合完成之间的这种关联。通过将嗅闻置于其顺序上下文中,呼吸的组织与说话的组织紧密相连。数据采用美式和英式英语。
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引用次数: 16
In utero exposure to maternal diabetes impairs nephron progenitor differentiation. 子宫内母体糖尿病会影响肾脏祖细胞的分化
IF 4.2 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2019-11-01 Epub Date: 2019-09-11 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00204.2019
Débora M Cerqueira, Shelby L Hemker, Andrew J Bodnar, Daniella M Ortiz, Favour O Oladipupo, Elina Mukherjee, Zhenwei Gong, Corynn Appolonia, Radhika Muzumdar, Sunder Sims-Lucas, Jacqueline Ho

The incidence of diabetes mellitus has significantly increased among women of childbearing age, and it has been shown that prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes increases the risk of associated congenital anomalies of the kidney. Congenital anomalies of the kidney are among the leading causes of chronic kidney disease in children. To better understand the effect of maternal diabetes on kidney development, we analyzed wild-type offspring (DM_Exp) of diabetic Ins2+/C96Y mice (Akita mice). DM_Exp mice at postnatal day 34 have a reduction of ~20% in the total nephron number compared with controls, using the gold standard physical dissector/fractionator method. At the molecular level, the expression of the nephron progenitor markers sine oculis homeobox homolog 2 and Cited1 was increased in DM_Exp kidneys at postnatal day 2. Conversely, the number of early developing nephrons was diminished in DM_Exp kidneys. This was associated with decreased expression of the intracellular domain of Notch1 and the canonical Wnt target lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1. Together, these data suggest that the diabetic intrauterine environment impairs the differentiation of nephron progenitors into nephrons, possibly by perturbing the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.

糖尿病在育龄妇女中的发病率大幅上升,而且有研究表明,产前接触母体糖尿病会增加相关先天性肾脏异常的风险。先天性肾脏异常是导致儿童慢性肾病的主要原因之一。为了更好地了解母体糖尿病对肾脏发育的影响,我们分析了糖尿病 Ins2+/C96Y 小鼠(秋田小鼠)的野生型后代(DM_Exp)。与对照组相比,DM_Exp 小鼠在出生后第 34 天的总肾小球数量减少了约 20%。在分子水平上,DM_Exp小鼠出生后第2天肾脏中肾小球祖标志物sine oculis homeobox homolog 2和Cited1的表达增加。相反,DM_Exp 肾脏中早期发育的肾小球数量减少。这与Notch1细胞内结构域和典型Wnt靶淋巴增强子结合因子1的表达减少有关。这些数据共同表明,糖尿病宫内环境可能通过干扰Notch和Wnt/β-catenin信号通路,损害了肾小球祖细胞向肾小球的分化。
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引用次数: 0
Turning the Passer-by into a Customer: Multi-party Encounters at a Market Stall 把路人变成顾客:市场摊位上的多方遭遇
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2019.1657288
Kenan Hochuli
ABSTRACT Interactions at a fruit and vegetable stall in a public market are analyzed—focusing on the moments of configurative change as one sales encounter comes to an end and another begins. Market participants address the lack of structural regulation endemic to an open market stall by interactively achieving an order for sales. Participants’ role transformations from passersby to customers turn out to be finely intertwined with respective changes to the entire configuration at the market stall. The evidence demonstrates that various forms of interactions are at play in a public market that go beyond the boundaries of dyadic and focused sales encounters. Furthermore, the complex nature of multiple actors in informal settings managing divergent action trajectories can result in participants entering encounters “at the wrong moment,” thus lacking situational knowledge to interpret a constellation “correctly.” Overall, the findings connect conversation analytic studies on service encounters with sociological and ethnomethodological research on interaction in public spaces. The data are in Swiss German with an English translation.
摘要分析了公共市场水果和蔬菜摊位上的互动——重点关注一次销售遭遇结束,另一次销售开始时的配置变化时刻。市场参与者通过互动达成销售订单来解决公开市场摊位普遍缺乏结构性监管的问题。参与者从路人到顾客的角色转变与市场摊位上整个配置的各自变化紧密交织在一起。证据表明,在公开市场中,各种形式的互动正在发挥作用,这些互动超越了二元和重点销售的界限。此外,在非正式环境中管理不同行动轨迹的多个参与者的复杂性可能导致参与者“在错误的时刻”进入相遇,从而缺乏“正确”解释星座的情景知识,研究结果将服务遭遇的会话分析研究与公共空间互动的社会学和民族方法论研究联系起来。数据为瑞士德语,并附有英文翻译。
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引用次数: 3
When Someone Other than the Addressed Recipient Speaks Next: Three Kinds of Intervening Action After the Selection of Next Speaker 当收件人以外的人接话时:选择下一位说话者后的三种干预行为
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2019.1657280
Gene H. Lerner
ABSTRACT Although speakers in conversation have ways to indicate which one of their recipients ought to speak next, who actually comes to speak next is not an automatic result. There are circumstances in which a participant other than the addressed recipient of a sequence-initiating action speaks next. Here, practices aimed at allocating turns at talk form a local, moment-to-moment normative sequential environment for other-than-addressed participant intervention. Other participants can intervene: to implement the implicated sequence-responding action, to intercede on behalf of the addressed recipient by blocking the continued relevance of a response, or to interject a supplemental action that expands the sequence before a response is produced. These sequence-organizational practices both underpin and expose such culturally prescribed grounds for intervention as personal entitlement, social obligation, and group solidarity among others. Data (happen to be) in several varieties of English found in the United States.
摘要尽管谈话中的说话者有办法指示他们的接受者中的哪一个下一个应该说话,但谁下一个真正来说话并不是一个自动的结果。在某些情况下,发起行动的序列的收件人以外的参与者接下来发言。在这里,旨在分配谈话轮次的实践形成了一个局部的、即时的规范性顺序环境,用于非处理参与者干预。其他参与者可以进行干预:实施涉及的序列响应动作,通过阻止响应的持续相关性来代表被寻址的接收者进行调解,或者在产生响应之前插入扩展序列的补充动作。这些有序的组织实践既支持又暴露了文化规定的干预理由,如个人权利、社会义务和群体团结等。数据(碰巧)是在美国发现的几种英语。
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引用次数: 13
At the Interface of Grammar and the Body: Chais pas (“dunno”) as a Resource for Dealing with Lack of Recipient Response 在语法和身体的界面:Chais pas(“不知道”)作为处理接受者缺乏回应的资源
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/08351813.2019.1657276
Simona Pekarek Doehler
ABSTRACT This article examines speakers’ use of French chais pas (“dunno”) when they find that their sequence-initial turn has not been responded to by their recipient (roughly: Speaker A: Maybe they’re doing a master’s degree; Speaker B: [no response]; Speaker A: Dunno). Two interactional workings are documented in this precise sequential location: Speakers use chais pas either for withdrawing their just-produced sequence-initial action, thereby canceling the relevance of a response or, on the contrary, for pursuing response while relaxing the preference for a precise type of response. Collection-based analysis shows that these uses differ in their embodied delivery, implementing distinct interactional workings with distinct sequential consequentialities. The findings add to our understanding of how grammar and the body interface in the course of the real-time production of turns and actions and provide evidence for the online malleability of action projection. Data are in French with English translations.
这篇文章研究了说话者在发现他们的顺序初始回合没有得到接受者的回应时使用法语chais pas(“不知道”)的情况(大致如下:说话者A:也许他们正在攻读硕士学位;说话者乙:[没有回应];说话者A:不知道)。在这个精确的顺序位置记录了两种相互作用的工作:说话者使用链传递来撤回他们刚刚产生的顺序初始动作,从而取消响应的相关性,或者相反,在放松对精确类型响应的偏好的同时追求响应。基于集合的分析表明,这些使用在具体交付方面有所不同,实现了具有不同顺序结果的不同交互工作。这些发现增加了我们对语法和身体如何在实时产生回合和动作的过程中相互作用的理解,并为动作投射的在线可塑性提供了证据。资料为法文,并附有英文翻译。
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引用次数: 26
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Research on Language and Social Interaction
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