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The impact of loss aversion on seller behavior in the housing market 损失厌恶对房屋市场卖方行为的影响
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2025.102048
Changha Jin, Sungho Yun
This study explores how loss aversion influences seller behavior in the housing market, employing both the reservation rule and the number-of-offers rule approaches. We show that loss aversion can increase the reservation value in an infinite-time model under the reservation rule, and a disposition effect can arise solely from reference dependence with risk-neutral sellers, consistent with prior research. In contrast, in a finite-time model with specific deadlines, the prospect of forced sales at a loss in the final period incentivizes sellers to opt for earlier sales, leading to dynamic fluctuations in the reservation value, both upwards and downwards. This finding adds a novel dimension to the existing literature. Furthermore, employing the number-of-offers rule, we find that loss aversion can lead sellers to await more offers, supporting the negative correlation between prices and time on the market.
本研究采用保留规则和报价数量规则两种方法,探讨损失厌恶如何影响房屋市场中的卖方行为。结果表明,在保留规则下的无限时间模型中,损失厌恶可以增加保留值,并且只有与风险中性卖家的参考依赖才会产生处置效应,这与先前的研究结果一致。相比之下,在具有特定截止日期的有限时间模型中,在最后阶段被迫亏本出售的前景激励卖方选择更早出售,导致保留价值上下动态波动。这一发现为现有文献增加了一个新的维度。此外,利用出价数规则,我们发现损失厌恶会导致卖家等待更多的出价,支持市场上价格与时间之间的负相关。
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引用次数: 0
Using machine learning to estimate the heterogeneous impact of Airbnb on house prices: Evidence from Corsica 利用机器学习估计Airbnb对房价的异质影响:来自科西嘉岛的证据
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2025.102044
Daniel Brunstein , Georges Casamatta , Sauveur Giannoni
This study investigates the influence of Airbnb on property prices in Corsica. Leveraging machine learning techniques, we obtain more robust results than those achieved with conventional methods and uncover heterogeneous effects of Airbnb on property values. Our analysis reveals that a 1% increase in Airbnb listings leads to an average 0.21% rise in house prices. Interestingly, this effect is more pronounced in economically less developed regions, such as inland municipalities and remote seaside resorts, compared to traditionally popular tourist destinations and urban areas.
本研究调查了Airbnb对科西嘉岛房地产价格的影响。利用机器学习技术,我们获得了比传统方法更可靠的结果,并揭示了Airbnb对房地产价值的异质影响。我们的分析显示,Airbnb房源每增加1%,房价就会平均上涨0.21%。有趣的是,与传统的热门旅游目的地和城市地区相比,这种影响在经济欠发达地区更为明显,如内陆城市和偏远的海滨度假胜地。
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引用次数: 0
Putting a ceiling on housing costs: The aftermath of nationwide rent control in the case of jeonse system in Korea ▽房价上限=以全租制为例,全国租金管制的后果
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2025.102045
Kang Mo Koo , Jinyoo Kim
We examine the impact of tenant protection policies on the rental housing market in Korea. Three regulations were enacted in 2020 to reduce the burden of rent and to protect the right to renew a rental agreement. These 1) put a cap on rent increases at 5 % at lease renewal; 2) require registering all leases; and 3) empower tenants to renew leases for an additional 2-year period. Using detailed rental contract information, this paper aims to investigate the impact of the rent control policies and the changes in tenants’ lease types. We find that the policies increased average rent in Greater Seoul by 17.7 % in the 2-year period post the effective date of the policies, and the impact is persistent. The negative impact on rental housing affordability is not limited to specific districts. However, districts with lower income levels experienced slightly higher increases in rental deposits. Moreover, we find a significant shift in contract mode, with a lower number of pure jeonse contracts and a marked increase in other lease types including a mixture of lump sum deposit (the jeonse system) and partial monthly payments.
我们研究了租户保护政策对韩国租赁住房市场的影响。2020年颁布了三项规定,以减轻租金负担并保护续签租赁协议的权利。1)在续租时,租金涨幅上限为5%;2)要求登记所有租约;3)授权租户续签额外的2年租约。本文旨在利用详细的租赁合同信息,探讨租金管制政策的影响以及租户租赁类型的变化。我们发现,在政策生效后的2年时间里,大首尔地区的平均租金上涨了17.7%,而且影响是持续的。对租房负担能力的负面影响并不局限于特定地区。然而,收入水平较低的地区的租金押金增幅略高。此外,我们发现合同模式发生了重大变化,纯全租合同的数量减少,其他租赁类型的数量显著增加,包括一次性存款(全租制度)和部分月租的混合。
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引用次数: 0
Mandatory energy efficiency disclosure policies and house prices 强制性能源效率披露政策和房价
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2025.102043
Sven Damen, Tijmen van Kempen
Mandatory disclosure policies are increasingly being used by governments around the world to reduce information-driven market failures related to climate risk and energy efficiency. We exploit two policy changes in Flanders (Belgium) to study the causal effect of mandatory energy efficiency disclosure policies on house prices. We find that the introduction of mandatory energy performance certificates with an energy efficiency score in 2008 did not affect the association between energy efficiency and sales prices, indicating that the policy change did not reduce information frictions. However, the introduction of EPC labels in 2019 affected the capitalization of energy efficiency.
世界各国政府越来越多地采用强制性披露政策,以减少与气候风险和能源效率有关的信息驱动的市场失灵。我们利用法兰德斯(比利时)的两个政策变化来研究强制性能源效率披露政策对房价的因果关系。我们发现,2008年引入的强制性能效分数能源绩效证书并没有影响能效与销售价格之间的关联,这表明政策变化并没有减少信息摩擦。然而,2019年EPC标签的引入影响了能源效率的资本化。
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引用次数: 0
Circumventing rent controls with tenants’ maintenance fees: Evidence from Korea 利用租客的维护费用规避租金管制:来自韩国的证据
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2025.102042
Sungjin Yun , Hoon Choi
This paper investigates the use of side payments to circumvent rent control policies, focusing on the 2020 amendment to Korea's Housing Lease Protection Act. Using a difference-in-differences-in-differences approach with data from the 2019–2022 waves of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey, we find a significant increase in maintenance fees following the expansion of rent control. This increase is particularly evident in units not subject to strict maintenance fee regulations, suggesting that landlords exploit regulatory gaps by raising fees in response to the rent cap. Our findings further indicate that individuals disproportionately affected by higher maintenance fees tend to be female, aged 30 to 39, aged 70 or older, and lacking a college degree. This pattern suggests that landlords may target individuals perceived as having weaker negotiating power, thus capitalizing on potential vulnerabilities.
本文以2020年韩国《住房租赁保护法》修正案为研究对象,调查了利用附加付款规避租金管制政策的行为。通过对2019-2022年家庭收入和支出调查数据的差异中差异的差异方法,我们发现在租金管制扩大后,维护费显著增加。这种增长在不受严格维护费规定约束的单元中尤为明显,这表明房东通过提高费用来应对租金上限来利用监管漏洞。我们的研究结果进一步表明,受更高维护费影响最大的个体往往是女性,年龄在30至39岁之间,年龄在70岁或以上,并且没有大学学位。这种模式表明,房东可能会瞄准那些被认为谈判能力较弱的人,从而利用潜在的弱点。
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引用次数: 0
Labor outcomes of mortgage payment subsidies for unemployed homeowners 失业房主抵押贷款支付补贴的劳动结果
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102040
Stephanie Casey Pierce , Julia K. Brown , Stephanie Moulton , Yung Chun
Policy interventions often target negative shocks to employment or housing as independent events. For instance, unemployment benefits aim to make up for lost earnings while mortgage assistance programs aim to prevent foreclosures. Yet, research suggests that housing markets and labor markets are systematically correlated. In this paper, we test the extent to which temporary mortgage payment relief improves long-term labor outcomes. We use data on unemployed homeowners who sought assistance through the U.S. Department of Treasury's Hardest Hit Fund program in Ohio, which subsidized the mortgage payment for unemployed homeowners for up to 18 months while they searched for a job. Through event study difference-in-differences models with individual fixed effects, we find that the receipt of mortgage payment subsidies extends the duration of unemployment in the short term but results in significantly higher earnings and a higher probability of being employed over the long term. These positive long-term findings, however, are only observed when mortgage payment relief is provided shortly after the onset of the unemployment shock. This highlights the importance of timely intervention to not only prevent foreclosures but also to improve labor market outcomes for homeowners experiencing an income shock.
We thank the Ohio Housing Finance Agency for research support. Additional research assistance for this project was provided by Olga Kondratjeva. Funding for this research was provided by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Grant No: 13-103361-000-USP, “How Housing Matters to Families and Communities”, Title: A Multistate Study of Housing and Employment Impacts of Foreclosure Prevention Programs. The views in this paper are those of the researchers and do not represent the views of The MacArthur Foundation, The Ohio Housing Finance Agency, The Ohio State University, or any other government agency.
政策干预往往将就业或住房的负面冲击作为独立事件。例如,失业救济金旨在弥补失去的收入,而抵押贷款援助计划旨在防止丧失抵押品赎回权。然而,研究表明,住房市场和劳动力市场是系统性相关的。在本文中,我们测试了临时抵押贷款支付救济改善长期劳动结果的程度。我们使用了通过美国财政部在俄亥俄州的重灾区基金项目寻求帮助的失业房主的数据,该项目为失业房主在寻找工作期间提供长达18个月的抵押贷款补贴。通过具有个体固定效应的事件研究差异中的差异模型,我们发现领取抵押贷款补贴在短期内延长了失业持续时间,但在长期内显著提高了收入和就业概率。然而,这些积极的长期结果只有在失业冲击开始后不久提供抵押贷款支付减免时才能观察到。这凸显了及时干预的重要性,不仅可以防止止赎,还可以改善经历收入冲击的房主的劳动力市场结果。我们感谢俄亥俄州住房金融局的研究支持。Olga Kondratjeva为该项目提供了额外的研究援助。本研究由John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur基金会资助,资助号:13-103361- 1000 - usp,“住房对家庭和社区的影响”,题目:预防止赎项目对住房和就业影响的多州研究。本文仅代表研究人员的观点,不代表麦克阿瑟基金会、俄亥俄住房金融局、俄亥俄州立大学或任何其他政府机构的观点。
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引用次数: 0
Homeownership and public sector employment: Evidence from the removal of home purchase restrictions in China 住房所有权和公共部门就业:来自中国取消购房限制的证据
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102041
Yaqun Zhu, Jun Kong
This paper utilizes a quasi-experiment in China that removed home purchase restrictions (HPR) in 2014 to examine the causal effect of homeownership on public sector employment through a difference-in-differences (DID) approach. Combining the 2012, 2014 China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) and the 2011, 2013, 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS), we find that removing the HPR significantly decreases the probability of working in the public sector by 47 %, this negative effect holds for both homeowners and renters. The mechanism analyses show that firstly, removing the HPR increases house prices, which makes homeowners more resistant to possible unemployment shock, and thus reduces the attractiveness of the public sector, which is called as the wealth buffer channel; secondly, the rising house prices discourages renters to work in the public sector, where workers are paid lower wages and struggle to afford a more expensive house in the future, this is the home purchase channel; thirdly, as the HPR in China, is a prevailing Hukou1-based discriminatory policy, the removal of HPR makes local Hukou no longer necessary to qualify for buying a house, and then reduce the propensity of public sector employment, that is the homeownership eligibility channel. In addition, it is found that the impact of removing the HPR is larger for unmarried males who have a higher likelihood of buying a house to improve their competitiveness in the marriage market. Lastly, there are greater negative effects for young workers and employees with children.
本文利用2014年中国取消住房购买限制(HPR)的准实验,通过差异中的差异(DID)方法检验住房所有权对公共部门就业的因果影响。结合2012年、2014年中国家庭面板研究(CFPS)和2011年、2013年、2015年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS),我们发现,取消HPR显著降低了47%在公共部门工作的可能性,这种负面影响对房主和租房者都适用。机制分析表明,首先,取消HPR提高了房价,使房主更能抵御可能的失业冲击,从而降低了公共部门的吸引力,这被称为财富缓冲渠道;其次,不断上涨的房价阻碍了租房者在公共部门工作,那里的工人工资较低,未来难以负担更昂贵的房子,这是购房渠道;第三,由于HPR在中国是一项普遍存在的基于户口的歧视性政策,HPR的取消使得本地户口不再是购买住房的必要条件,从而降低了公共部门就业的倾向,即住房资格渠道。此外,研究发现,对于那些为了提高自己在婚姻市场上的竞争力而购买住房的可能性更高的未婚男性来说,取消HPR的影响更大。最后,对年轻员工和有孩子的员工有更大的负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Going it alone: The impact of upzoning on housing construction in Lower Hutt 单打独斗:下赫特区分区升级对住房建设的影响
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102032
Matthew Maltman , Ryan Greenaway-McGrevy
This paper studies a sequence of zoning reforms enacted in Lower Hutt, a constituent municipality of the wider Wellington metropolitan region of New Zealand. Beginning in the late 2010s, Lower Hutt independently implemented a sequence of widespread zoning changes to enable medium- and high- density housing in residential areas. Using a synthetic control to specify the policy counterfactual, we find that these zoning changes generated a three-fold increase in consents per capita and nearly tripled the number of housing starts over the six years subsequent to the onset of the reforms. Depending on how potential displacement effects are accounted for, the Lower Hutt reforms increased housing starts across the wider metropolitan region by approximately 10 to 18%. We also present evidence that the upzonings reduced rents by around 21% relative to the counterfactual.
本文研究了在新西兰惠灵顿大都市区的组成城市下赫特颁布的一系列分区改革。从2010年代末开始,Lower Hutt独立实施了一系列广泛的分区变更,使住宅区的中高密度住房成为可能。使用综合控制来指定政策反事实,我们发现这些分区变化使人均同意增加了三倍,在改革开始后的六年里,住房开工数量增加了近三倍。根据如何考虑潜在的流离失所影响,下赫特改革将整个大都市区的住房开工率提高了约10%至18%。我们还提供了证据表明,相对于反事实,升级区减少了约21%的租金。
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引用次数: 0
Estimating the implicit price elasticity of the demand for air quality: A hedonic approach 估计空气质量需求的隐含价格弹性:一种享乐主义方法
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102039
Tianyun Zhu
I propose a novel approach which yields a likelihood-based estimator for the implicit price elasticity of demand for avoiding air pollution exposure. Applying my approach to a cross-sectional hedonic data set of Cleveland MSA, I find that the estimate on the implicit price elasticity of interest is approximately 0.03, smaller in magnitude than the national estimates obtained by prior studies. Beyond estimating the implicit price elasticity of demand for avoiding air pollution, my approach also allows for nonparametric characterization of the sorting equilibrium and full recovery of the bid function for each household type that sorts into an observed air quality level, which makes it possible to implement counterfactural welfare analysis of a non-marginal change in air quality.
我提出了一种新的方法,该方法为避免空气污染暴露的隐含价格弹性需求产生基于可能性的估计。将我的方法应用于克利夫兰MSA的横断面享乐数据集,我发现对利息隐含价格弹性的估计约为0.03,比先前研究获得的全国估计要小。除了估计避免空气污染需求的隐含价格弹性之外,我的方法还允许对分类均衡进行非参数表征,并对分类到观察到的空气质量水平的每种家庭类型的投标函数进行完全恢复,这使得对空气质量的非边际变化实施反因素福利分析成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Burning the Australian dream: Temperature shocks and homeownership in Australia 燃烧的澳大利亚梦:澳大利亚的温度冲击和房屋所有权
IF 1.4 3区 经济学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhe.2024.102031
Akwasi Ampofo , Sefa Awaworyi Churchill , Kingsley Baako , Godwin Kavaarpuo
Rising temperature and climate change impact individual and household economic decisions. While an established body of literature has examined the effects of temperature shocks on different outcomes, there is limited evidence on the relationship between temperature shocks and homeownership. We contribute to the literature by presenting evidence on the impact of temperature shocks on homeownership in Australia. We use longitudinal data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and satellite re-analysis temperature data over the period 2001 to 2019, and apply a fixed effect approach that addresses unobserved heterogeneity. We find that an increase in temperature shocks is associated with a decline in the probability of owning a home. We find this relationship to be more pronounced in urban than rural areas, and among individuals with a bachelor's degree. We also find the relationship to be persistent in recent years. Additionally, we find neighbourhood crime, social capital, neighbourhood satisfaction, life satisfaction and house prices to mediate the relationship between temperature shocks and homeownership.
气温上升和气候变化影响个人和家庭的经济决策。虽然已有大量文献研究了温度冲击对不同结果的影响,但关于温度冲击与房屋所有权之间关系的证据有限。我们通过提出澳大利亚温度冲击对房屋所有权影响的证据来贡献文献。我们使用来自澳大利亚家庭、收入和劳动力动态调查(HILDA)的纵向数据和卫星重新分析2001年至2019年期间的温度数据,并采用固定效应方法来解决未观察到的异质性。我们发现,温度冲击的增加与拥有住房的可能性的下降有关。我们发现,这种关系在城市地区比农村地区更为明显,在拥有学士学位的个人中也更为明显。我们还发现,近年来这种关系持续存在。此外,我们发现邻里犯罪、社会资本、邻里满意度、生活满意度和房价在温度冲击与住房自有率的关系中起中介作用。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Housing Economics
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