Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation最新文献

英文中文

Explaining "U-shaped" distributions of population substance use with a simple computational approach. 用简单的计算方法解释人口物质使用的“u形”分布。

IF 2.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-31 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5586

Jacob T Borodovsky

Background: "U-shaped" distributions of past 30-day substance use frequencies are pervasive, yet no established model explains this phenomenon. Using probability functions to describe these distributions yields unintuitive, atheoretical results. This study introduces a simple computational model of individual-level, longitudinal substance use patterns to understand how cross-sectional U-shaped distributions emerge in populations.

Model: Each independent computational object transitions between two states: not using a substance ("N"), or using a substance ("U"). The model has two key components: (1) each object has a unique risk factor probability governing the transition from N to U, and a unique protective factor probability governing the transition from U to N; (2) an object's current decision to use or not use is influenced by its prior decisions (i.e., "path dependence"). Three modeler input parameters control these two components.

Analysis: First, the model is fit to empirical cross-sectional distributions of past 30-day use frequencies for ten substances (e.g., alcohol, cannabis, tobacco, etc.) from the U.S. National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Next, combinations of values of the model's three inputs are tested to determine the conditions that produce U-shaped distributions. Finally, supplemental testing explored structural variations of the original model to assess whether simpler or alternative configurations are also capable of generating U-shaped distributions.

Results: The model effectively reproduced the U-shaped distributions observed in empirical data across all substances. Path dependence emerged as a critical feature for generating U-shaped distributions, independent of the specific distribution shapes used for assigning transition probabilities. However, results also indicated that neither of the model's two key components are required for generating U-shaped distributions.

Conclusion: This study demonstrates how a simple, theoretically-grounded computational model of individual-level substance use patterns can help substance use researchers understand the emergence of population-level, cross-sectional U-shaped distributions of substance use.

背景：过去30天内物质使用频率的“u形”分布是普遍存在的，但没有既定的模型解释这一现象。使用概率函数来描述这些分布会产生不直观的理论结果。本研究引入了一个简单的个人水平的计算模型，纵向物质使用模式，以了解人口中横截面u形分布是如何出现的。模型：每个独立的计算对象在两种状态之间转换：不使用物质（“N”），或使用物质（“U”）。该模型有两个关键组成部分：(1)每个目标具有唯一的控制从N向U过渡的风险因素概率，以及唯一的控制从U向N过渡的保护因素概率；(2)对象当前使用或不使用的决定受到其先前决定的影响（即“路径依赖”）。三个建模器输入参数控制这两个组件。分析：首先，该模型适合于美国国家药物使用和健康调查中过去30天内10种物质（如酒精、大麻、烟草等）使用频率的经验横截面分布。接下来，对模型三个输入值的组合进行测试，以确定产生u形分布的条件。最后，补充测试探索了原始模型的结构变化，以评估更简单或替代配置是否也能够产生u形分布。结果：该模型有效地再现了在所有物质的经验数据中观察到的u形分布。路径依赖成为生成u形分布的关键特征，独立于分配转移概率的特定分布形状。然而，结果也表明，模型的两个关键组成部分都不需要产生u形分布。结论：本研究展示了一个简单的、基于理论的个人水平物质使用模式计算模型如何帮助物质使用研究人员理解人口水平、横截面u型物质使用分布的出现。

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引用次数: 0

Equation-Based Versus Agent-Based Models: Why Not Embrace Both for an Efficient Parameter Calibration? 基于方程的模型与基于代理的模型:为什么不同时采用两者来进行有效的参数校准?

3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5183

Priscilla Avegliano, Jaime Simão Sichman

引用次数: 0

Job Done? Future Modeling Challenges After 20 Years of Work on Bounded-Confidence Models 完成工作吗?20年有界置信度模型研究后的未来建模挑战

3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5137

Shuo Liu, Michael Mäs, Haoxiang Xia, Andreas Flache

引用次数: 0

A Geospatial Bounded Confidence Model Including Mega-Influencers with an Application to Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy 包括大影响者在内的地理空间有界置信模型及其对Covid-19疫苗犹豫的应用

3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5027

Anna Haensch, Natasa Dragovic, Christoph Borgers, Bruce Boghosian

引用次数: 1

Unpacking a Black Box: A Conceptual Anatomy Framework for Agent-Based Social Simulation Models 打开黑盒子:基于主体的社会模拟模型的概念解剖框架

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.4998

O. Dilaver, N. Gilbert

引用次数: 1

A Methodology to Develop Agent-Based Models for Policy Support Via Qualitative Inquiry 一种通过定性调查开发基于主体的政策支持模型的方法

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5014

V. Nespeca, T. Comes, F. Brazier

引用次数: 0

The Role of Social Identity in a Population's Adoption of Prosocial Common-Pool Behavior 社会认同在人群采取亲社会公共池行为中的作用

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5132

Garry Sotnik, Serhii Choporov, T. Shannon

: Prosocial common-pool behavior – subtractable and non-excludable behavior that benefits others – is essential for the survival of any population of social individuals. The behavior, however, usually carries a cost tothosewhocontributeit,placingthematadisadvantagewithrespecttothosewhofreeride–thosewhodonot contributebutstillbenefit.Howpopulationssustainexistingoradoptnewprosocialcommon-poolbehaviors remainsunclear.Weintroduceatheoreticalagent-basedmodelanduseittostudytheroleofsocialidentity inapopulation’sadoptionofsuchbehavior.Socialidentityisrelevantbecauseitinfluencesthebehaviorof individualsinagroup,includingtheirwillingnesstobehaveprosocially.Ourmodelsimulatestheemergenceof multipleanddynamicsocialidentitiesofagentswithinself-organizinggroups.Oursimulationresultssuggest thattheroleofsocialidentitymaydependsubstantiallyonthedensityofthepopulationandthecommitment levelofpopulationmemberstotheirgroups;thattherelationshipbetweendensity,commitment,andadoption maybenuanced;that,underlowerdensitylevels,mobilitybetweengroupsmaybeessential;andthatthe persistenceandadoptionofprosocialbehaviorinapopulationmaybeoverwhelminglydrivenbyindividuals whoarehighlycommittedtotheirgroups.Theresultscautionagainsttheinfluenceoftwoloomingworldwide trends–anincreaseinpopulationdensityandadecreaseingroupcommitment.Theresultssuggestthat,when combined,thesetwotrendsmayproducethelowestadoptionlevelsofprosocialbehavior,theadverseand population-widerepercussionsofwhichcouldbecatastrophic.Finally,ourresultssuggestthatsocialidentity mayplayahelpfulroleinoffsettingtheconsequencesofthesetrends,implyinganeedforfurtherempirical andexperimentalstudyofthesubjectandfutureconsiderationofincorporatingtheroleofsocialidentityinto policyanalysisanddesign.

亲社会的共同行为——有益于他人的可减的和不可排除的行为——对任何社会个体群体的生存都是必不可少的。然而，这种行为通常会让那些做出贡献的人付出代价，使那些没有做出贡献但仍然受益的人处于不利地位。Howpopulationssustainexistingoradoptnewprosocialcommon-poolbehaviors remainsunclear。Weintroduceatheoreticalagent-basedmodelanduseittostudytheroleofsocialidentity inapopulation 'sadoptionofsuchbehavior。Socialidentityisrelevantbecauseitinfluencesthebehaviorof individualsinagroup includingtheirwillingnesstobehaveprosocially。Ourmodelsimulatestheemergenceof multipleanddynamicsocialidentitiesofagentswithinself-organizinggroups。我们的模拟结果表明，社会认同的高低可能在很大程度上取决于人口密度和人口成员对其群体的承诺水平;人口密度、承诺和采用之间的关系可能是微妙的;在人口密度较低的情况下，群体之间的流动性可能是必不可少的;亲社会行为在人口中的持续和采用可能主要是由对其群体高度承诺的个人驱动的。Theresultscautionagainsttheinfluenceoftwoloomingworldwide trends-anincreaseinpopulationdensityandadecreaseingroupcommitment。研究结果表明，当这两种趋势结合在一起时，可能会产生对亲社会行为的最低接受程度，对整个人口的不利影响可能是灾难性的。最后，我们的研究结果表明，社会认同可能在抵消这些趋势的后果方面发挥有益的作用，这意味着需要对该主题进行进一步的实证和实验研究，以及将社会认同的影响纳入政策分析和设计的未来考虑。

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引用次数: 1

Schemes in thinking and the Creative Process 思维中的方案和创造过程

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18254/s207751800024121-2

Sergej Semenov

The article considers the role of schemes (especially visual – visual) in thinking and its research: illustration of situations, problems, correlation of concepts; use of non-standard tasks in the process of creative solution; research of certain types of schemes themselves as manifestations of some features of creative thinking. The understanding of schematism of productive creative thinking, started by I. Kant, was realized in the beginning of the XX century in a number of philosophical-theoretical and pedagogical approaches that address either their heuristic or didactic – constructive role. Special attention is paid to V. E. Steinberg's multidimensional didactic technology a number of initial aspects that were developed with the active participation of the author of the article. The method of constructing a scheme of coordinates of existence and action that not only gives a picture of the existence of a certain "subject" of consideration or field of activity, a certain social subject in a certain direction; but also revealing in their very structure the deep structures of creative thinking, hidden in the unconscious layers of the creative act: superconsciousness (as part of the frame), integral (realized in the space of many coordinates – "dimensions") thinking, dialectical synthesis of heterogeneous (incompatible, opposite).

本文论述了图式(尤其是视觉图式)在思维及其研究中的作用:对情境、问题的说明、概念的关联;在创造性解决问题的过程中使用非标准任务;研究某些类型的方案本身作为创造性思维的某些特征的表现。对生产性创造性思维的模式主义的理解，由I. Kant开创，在20世纪初在许多哲学理论和教学方法中得以实现，这些方法解决了它们的启发式或教学建设性作用。特别注意的是v.e.斯坦伯格的多维教学技术，这是在文章作者的积极参与下开发的一些最初方面。这是一种构建存在和行动坐标方案的方法，它不仅给出了某一考虑或活动领域的“主体”的存在图景，某一社会主体在某一方向的存在图景;但也在其结构中揭示了创造性思维的深层结构，隐藏在创造性行为的无意识层中:超意识(作为框架的一部分)，整体(在许多坐标-“维度”的空间中实现)思维，异质(不相容，相反)的辩证综合。

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引用次数: 0

Monetizing of ethics in the digital economy 数字经济中的道德货币化

IF 4.2 3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18254/s207751800025016-6

O. Gurov

This article examines the role of ethics and morality for businesses and consumers in the digital economy. The authors argue that companies that adhere to ethical principles build a positive reputation and gain customer trust. The paper describes various approaches to monetizing ethics and morality in the digital economy, such as creating ethical products and services, embedding ethical practices in business operations, and promoting social responsibility. The authors note, however, that incorporating ethical categories into business planning and practice is challenging for several reasons, such as the rapidly changing technological landscape, unresolved legal issues, inertia in decision makers' thinking, and others. The authors predict that in the future the integration of ethical and moral principles into business will be driven by increased regulation and changing consumer behavior. The authors draw attention to the need for further research and observation in this area to understand the processes taking place and to form a set of tools for the effective promotion of ethical practices and social responsibility in the digital economy.

本文探讨了伦理和道德在数字经济中对企业和消费者的作用。作者认为，坚持道德原则的公司建立了良好的声誉，赢得了客户的信任。本文描述了在数字经济中将伦理和道德货币化的各种方法，例如创建道德产品和服务，在商业运营中嵌入道德实践，以及促进社会责任。然而，作者指出，将道德类别纳入商业规划和实践是具有挑战性的，原因有几个，例如快速变化的技术环境、未解决的法律问题、决策者的思维惯性等等。作者预测，在未来，伦理和道德原则融入商业将受到监管加强和消费者行为改变的推动。作者提请注意，需要在这一领域进行进一步的研究和观察，以了解正在发生的过程，并形成一套有效促进数字经济中道德实践和社会责任的工具。

引用次数: 0

Calibrating an Opinion Dynamics Model to Empirical Opinion Distributions and Transitions 校准经验意见分布和转移的意见动态模型

3区工程技术 Q1 SOCIAL SCIENCES, INTERDISCIPLINARY

Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation

Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.18564/jasss.5204

Martin Gestefeld, Jan Lorenz

引用次数: 0

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