: This paper discusses a prominent way in which social simulations can contribute (and have contributed) to the advance of science; namely, by refuting some of our incorrect beliefs about how the real world works. More precisely, social simulations can produce counter-examples that reveal something is wrong in a prevailing scientific assumption. Indeed, here we argue that this is a role that many well-known social simulation models have played, and it may be one of the main reasons why such well-known models have become so popular. To test this hypothesis, here we examine several popular models in the social simulation literature and we find that all these models are most naturally interpreted as providers of compelling and reproducible (computer-generated) evidence that refuted some assumption or belief in a prevailing theory. By refuting pre-vailing theories, these models have greatly advanced science and, in some cases, have even opened a new field of research.
{"title":"Social Simulation Models as Refuting Machines","authors":"N. Mauhe, L. Izquierdo, Segismundo S. Izquierdo","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5076","url":null,"abstract":": This paper discusses a prominent way in which social simulations can contribute (and have contributed) to the advance of science; namely, by refuting some of our incorrect beliefs about how the real world works. More precisely, social simulations can produce counter-examples that reveal something is wrong in a prevailing scientific assumption. Indeed, here we argue that this is a role that many well-known social simulation models have played, and it may be one of the main reasons why such well-known models have become so popular. To test this hypothesis, here we examine several popular models in the social simulation literature and we find that all these models are most naturally interpreted as providers of compelling and reproducible (computer-generated) evidence that refuted some assumption or belief in a prevailing theory. By refuting pre-vailing theories, these models have greatly advanced science and, in some cases, have even opened a new field of research.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Conditions and Effects of Norm Internalization","authors":"M. Batzke, Andreas Ernst","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Agent-Based Simulation of Land Use Governance (ABSOLUG) in Tropical Commodity Frontiers","authors":"Marius von Essen, E. Lambin","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4951","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800025011-1
A. Zhilenkov
The paper presents examples from different fields of human activity in which computer vision technology is used. It is analyzed what is machine vision, how it differs from computer vision. The advantages and disadvantages of the technology are touched upon, an overview of the system components and methods for processing machine vision is presented, and the areas in which it is applied are explored. The study shows how relevant and in demand computer vision is, as well as the ways of its progress in the near future. The issues of application of machine vision systems in monitoring the implementation of safety protocols, in quality management are touched upon. Here, machine vision is implemented as an automated visual control and quality control of production processes. The application of computer vision systems in transport for the classification of vehicles, their counting, traffic analysis, detection of traffic violations: speeding, running a red light, not allowing a pedestrian is considered. This improves road safety. Computer vision is used to detect distracted driving: drowsiness, daydreaming, distraction; up to the determination of the sobriety of the driver. The use of computer vision to monitor order in large cities is affected by determining the deviant behavior of citizens.
{"title":"Prospects for the Application and Development of Computer vision Technologies","authors":"A. Zhilenkov","doi":"10.18254/s207751800025011-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800025011-1","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents examples from different fields of human activity in which computer vision technology is used. It is analyzed what is machine vision, how it differs from computer vision. The advantages and disadvantages of the technology are touched upon, an overview of the system components and methods for processing machine vision is presented, and the areas in which it is applied are explored. The study shows how relevant and in demand computer vision is, as well as the ways of its progress in the near future. The issues of application of machine vision systems in monitoring the implementation of safety protocols, in quality management are touched upon. Here, machine vision is implemented as an automated visual control and quality control of production processes. The application of computer vision systems in transport for the classification of vehicles, their counting, traffic analysis, detection of traffic violations: speeding, running a red light, not allowing a pedestrian is considered. This improves road safety. Computer vision is used to detect distracted driving: drowsiness, daydreaming, distraction; up to the determination of the sobriety of the driver. The use of computer vision to monitor order in large cities is affected by determining the deviant behavior of citizens.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90469218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800025960-5
T. Nazarenko
The article reveals the role of strategic resources of digital transformation of economic activity and public administration in the production of public goods preferred by citizens. The potential of digitalization increases the economic efficiency of the client-centered model of building a dialogue between public authorities and citizens. Operational study of the usefulness of improvement facilities optimizes the costs of their construction. Object of research: strategic resources of digital transformation of economic activity and public administration. Subject of research: digital technologies for identifying preferences of economic agents regarding their assessment of the utility of the public good. The purpose of the work is to prove the need for the use of digital technologies as a guarantee of optimization of economic and managerial decisions regarding the implementation of the federal project on the formation of a comfortable urban environment. Methods of work: from the position of the ordinalist approach, a qualitative analysis of the characteristics, properties of the public good, including the products of digital transformation, considered as such. The result of the work: taking into account the foreign experience of GovTech, strategic resources of digital transformation of public administration in the field of construction of welfare facilities are determined; the role of resources ensuring the achievement of the efficiency of the production of public goods of digitalization of public administration is substantiated; essential features, dependencies in the provision of public goods, in relation to digital support of decision-making at the state and municipal level are interpreted.
{"title":"Strategic resources for Digital transformation of Economic activity and Public administration in the field of Landscaping","authors":"T. Nazarenko","doi":"10.18254/s207751800025960-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800025960-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article reveals the role of strategic resources of digital transformation of economic activity and public administration in the production of public goods preferred by citizens. The potential of digitalization increases the economic efficiency of the client-centered model of building a dialogue between public authorities and citizens. Operational study of the usefulness of improvement facilities optimizes the costs of their construction. Object of research: strategic resources of digital transformation of economic activity and public administration. Subject of research: digital technologies for identifying preferences of economic agents regarding their assessment of the utility of the public good. The purpose of the work is to prove the need for the use of digital technologies as a guarantee of optimization of economic and managerial decisions regarding the implementation of the federal project on the formation of a comfortable urban environment. Methods of work: from the position of the ordinalist approach, a qualitative analysis of the characteristics, properties of the public good, including the products of digital transformation, considered as such. The result of the work: taking into account the foreign experience of GovTech, strategic resources of digital transformation of public administration in the field of construction of welfare facilities are determined; the role of resources ensuring the achievement of the efficiency of the production of public goods of digitalization of public administration is substantiated; essential features, dependencies in the provision of public goods, in relation to digital support of decision-making at the state and municipal level are interpreted.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90596086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800024813-3
N. Ravochkin
Currently, the usual system of social relations is being reformatted. With the onset of the digital age, the role of advanced technologies in intersubjective contact is increasing. Man-made artificial agents are increasingly involved in communications at various levels. Many individual and collective subjects are increasingly striving to expand their networks of communicators through modern programs and services. The article discusses the ways of participation of these products of artificial intelligence in various spheres of public life. The nature of programmable agents is presented. The state and level of development of these products of science and technology are analyzed. The vectors of transformation of the modern communication landscape are shown. The functions performed by agents of social relations are highlighted. The expediency of using messengers, robots and chat bots that free up human resources is revealed. Based on practical examples, the possibilities, limitations and prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in the fields of media, marketing, commerce and HR are determined. The influence of messengers and bots on the transformation of communication practices has been studied. It is substantiated that today artificial agents are capable of performing only a number of technical tasks, one way or another requiring the connection of the human mind for non-trivial solutions. In conclusion, generalizations are given that constitute the theoretical and methodological basis for subsequent studies of the influence of artificial agents on the transformation of social ties and relationships.
{"title":"Artificial agents of social relations","authors":"N. Ravochkin","doi":"10.18254/s207751800024813-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800024813-3","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the usual system of social relations is being reformatted. With the onset of the digital age, the role of advanced technologies in intersubjective contact is increasing. Man-made artificial agents are increasingly involved in communications at various levels. Many individual and collective subjects are increasingly striving to expand their networks of communicators through modern programs and services. The article discusses the ways of participation of these products of artificial intelligence in various spheres of public life. The nature of programmable agents is presented. The state and level of development of these products of science and technology are analyzed. The vectors of transformation of the modern communication landscape are shown. The functions performed by agents of social relations are highlighted. The expediency of using messengers, robots and chat bots that free up human resources is revealed. Based on practical examples, the possibilities, limitations and prospects for the use of artificial intelligence in the fields of media, marketing, commerce and HR are determined. The influence of messengers and bots on the transformation of communication practices has been studied. It is substantiated that today artificial agents are capable of performing only a number of technical tasks, one way or another requiring the connection of the human mind for non-trivial solutions. In conclusion, generalizations are given that constitute the theoretical and methodological basis for subsequent studies of the influence of artificial agents on the transformation of social ties and relationships.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"9 18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80540101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Social Identity and Organizational Control: Results of an Agent-Based Simulation","authors":"F. Wall","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4934","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evolutionary Model Discovery of Human Behavioral Factors Driving Decision-Making in Irrigation Experiments","authors":"Lux Miranda, O. Garibay, J. Baggio","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5069","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Carpentras, Adrian Lueders, P. Maher, C. O'Reilly, M. Quayle
: Polarization is a key phenomenon which has been linked to increasing disliking between people of opposite political groups. Furthermore, polarization can extend to new topics such as the debate on COVID-19 vaccines, making it more complex to coordinate efforts for such a problem. The social identity approach (SIA) offers a robust theoretical framework for understanding identity-based social processes. This approach suggests that people’s perceptions and behaviour depend on their group identity (e.g., Democrat vs Republican). In this article, we developed an opinion-dynamics model integrating SIA to explore how polarization can extend to new topics. Furthermore, we developed this model from experiments with human participants. This allows us to use already validated micro-dynamic rules in the model. Empirical results show lack of repulsive effects, more attraction during in-group interactions and a new effect: increased stubbornness when people are exposed to opinions of an out-group member. The model was built mimicking the interaction structure of the experiment. At each iteration, an agent observes the opinion of another agent. Depending on their respective groups the agent will experience a stronger or weaker attractive force, together with some noise. This model was able to produce polarization without the use of repulsive forces. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis tells us that polarization in new topics can appear when all the following conditions are satisfied: (1) each person recognizes who is belonging to which political group, (2) there are more in-group than out-group interactions and (3) there is some initial asymmetry on the topic.
{"title":"How Polarization Extends to New Topics: An Agent-Based Model Derived from Experimental Data","authors":"D. Carpentras, Adrian Lueders, P. Maher, C. O'Reilly, M. Quayle","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5105","url":null,"abstract":": Polarization is a key phenomenon which has been linked to increasing disliking between people of opposite political groups. Furthermore, polarization can extend to new topics such as the debate on COVID-19 vaccines, making it more complex to coordinate efforts for such a problem. The social identity approach (SIA) offers a robust theoretical framework for understanding identity-based social processes. This approach suggests that people’s perceptions and behaviour depend on their group identity (e.g., Democrat vs Republican). In this article, we developed an opinion-dynamics model integrating SIA to explore how polarization can extend to new topics. Furthermore, we developed this model from experiments with human participants. This allows us to use already validated micro-dynamic rules in the model. Empirical results show lack of repulsive effects, more attraction during in-group interactions and a new effect: increased stubbornness when people are exposed to opinions of an out-group member. The model was built mimicking the interaction structure of the experiment. At each iteration, an agent observes the opinion of another agent. Depending on their respective groups the agent will experience a stronger or weaker attractive force, together with some noise. This model was able to produce polarization without the use of repulsive forces. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis tells us that polarization in new topics can appear when all the following conditions are satisfied: (1) each person recognizes who is belonging to which political group, (2) there are more in-group than out-group interactions and (3) there is some initial asymmetry on the topic.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inês Lobo, Joana Dimas, S. Mascarenhas, Diogo Rato, R. Prada
: Individuals change who they are in response to their social environment. In other words, one’s identityisdynamic,varyingaccordingtocontext(e.g.,individualspresent,place,task). Identityhasasignificant impact on an individual’s behaviour. Researchers have been interested in understanding how contextual aspects shape identity and, in turn, how identity influences behaviour. Agent-based simulation models are great tools to identify and predict behaviour associated with these identity processes. In addition, agents can employ identity-related mechanisms based on social theories to become more socially believable and similar to humans. The Social Identity Approach (SIA) is one of the most influential theories covering social aspects of one’s identity, with many of its concepts being applied in social simulation research. This paper formalizes the Dynamic Identity Model for Agents (DIMA), an existing agent-based model based on SIA, providing a detailed theoretical foundation of the model, as well as an overview of its integration as a component into a social agent architecture. In DIMA, agents perceive themselves either as distinct individuals (personal identity) or as members of a social group (social identity), acting according to their context-dependent active identity. Two simulation scenarios are presented here to illustrate the use of this model, one based on the Dictator Game and the other on a trash collection task. This work aims to guide other researchers who want to enhance their agents with the DIMA’s identity salience mechanism. As a result, they would not only be able to assess how this mechanism influences behaviour based on the context, but they would also be able to explore the dynamics between personal and social identities.
个体会随着社会环境的变化而改变自己。换句话说，一个人的身份是动态的，根据上下文(例如，个人在场、地点、任务)而变化。身份对一个人的行为有重大影响。研究人员一直感兴趣的是了解背景因素如何塑造身份，以及身份如何影响行为。基于代理的仿真模型是识别和预测与这些身份过程相关的行为的重要工具。此外，代理可以利用基于社会理论的身份相关机制，变得更具有社会可信度和与人类相似。社会认同方法(SIA)是涵盖个人身份的社会方面的最具影响力的理论之一，其许多概念被应用于社会模拟研究。本文形式化了基于SIA的基于agent的动态身份模型(Dynamic Identity Model for Agents, DIMA)，提供了该模型的详细理论基础，并概述了其作为一个组件集成到社会agent体系结构中的情况。在DIMA中，行动者要么将自己视为独特的个体(个人身份)，要么将自己视为社会群体的成员(社会身份)，根据他们依赖于情境的主动身份行事。这里提供了两个模拟场景来说明该模型的使用，一个基于独裁者游戏，另一个基于垃圾收集任务。这项工作旨在指导其他想要用DIMA的身份突出机制来增强其代理人的研究人员。因此，他们不仅能够评估这种机制如何根据情境影响行为，而且还能够探索个人身份和社会身份之间的动态关系。
{"title":"When \"I\" Becomes \"We\": Modelling Dynamic Identity on Autonomous Agents","authors":"Inês Lobo, Joana Dimas, S. Mascarenhas, Diogo Rato, R. Prada","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5146","url":null,"abstract":": Individuals change who they are in response to their social environment. In other words, one’s identityisdynamic,varyingaccordingtocontext(e.g.,individualspresent,place,task). Identityhasasignificant impact on an individual’s behaviour. Researchers have been interested in understanding how contextual aspects shape identity and, in turn, how identity influences behaviour. Agent-based simulation models are great tools to identify and predict behaviour associated with these identity processes. In addition, agents can employ identity-related mechanisms based on social theories to become more socially believable and similar to humans. The Social Identity Approach (SIA) is one of the most influential theories covering social aspects of one’s identity, with many of its concepts being applied in social simulation research. This paper formalizes the Dynamic Identity Model for Agents (DIMA), an existing agent-based model based on SIA, providing a detailed theoretical foundation of the model, as well as an overview of its integration as a component into a social agent architecture. In DIMA, agents perceive themselves either as distinct individuals (personal identity) or as members of a social group (social identity), acting according to their context-dependent active identity. Two simulation scenarios are presented here to illustrate the use of this model, one based on the Dictator Game and the other on a trash collection task. This work aims to guide other researchers who want to enhance their agents with the DIMA’s identity salience mechanism. As a result, they would not only be able to assess how this mechanism influences behaviour based on the context, but they would also be able to explore the dynamics between personal and social identities.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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