{"title":"Confirmation Bias as a Mechanism to Focus Attention Enhances Signal Detection","authors":"Michael Vogrin, Guilherme Wood, T. Schmickl","doi":"10.18564/jasss.4954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.4954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67493002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800024139-1
D. Bylieva
The spread of misinformation on the Internet today is a serious problem due to the vast impact on society of network information. The most obvious technology aimed at combating false information is fact-checking, which allows to identify the presence of facts in the message and compare them with the base of true information. Such technologies are applicable for tracking information distortions, but do not allow evaluating a random message. An alternative approach is to identify false messages based on indirect signs: its linguistic and paralinguistic features, as well as on the communicative history (author, creation and distribution) and other features. Database-trained artificial intelligence concludes that messages are false, without resorting to comparison with true judgments and logical procedures. The ability of a person to independently evaluate the truth of messages is limited by the economy of cognitive effort, and people are even able to generate their own memories that confirm false messages.
{"title":"Technologies of truth on the web","authors":"D. Bylieva","doi":"10.18254/s207751800024139-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800024139-1","url":null,"abstract":"The spread of misinformation on the Internet today is a serious problem due to the vast impact on society of network information. The most obvious technology aimed at combating false information is fact-checking, which allows to identify the presence of facts in the message and compare them with the base of true information. Such technologies are applicable for tracking information distortions, but do not allow evaluating a random message. An alternative approach is to identify false messages based on indirect signs: its linguistic and paralinguistic features, as well as on the communicative history (author, creation and distribution) and other features. Database-trained artificial intelligence concludes that messages are false, without resorting to comparison with true judgments and logical procedures. The ability of a person to independently evaluate the truth of messages is limited by the economy of cognitive effort, and people are even able to generate their own memories that confirm false messages.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89880280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bruce Miller, Ivan Garibay, Jacopo Baggio, Edwin Nassiff
{"title":"Network Structure Can Amplify Innovation Adoption and Polarization in Group-Structured Populations with Outgroup Aversion","authors":"Bruce Miller, Ivan Garibay, Jacopo Baggio, Edwin Nassiff","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edoardo Baccini, Zoé Christoff, Stephan Hartmann, Rineke Verbrugge
{"title":"The Wisdom of the Small Crowd: Myside Bias and Group Discussion","authors":"Edoardo Baccini, Zoé Christoff, Stephan Hartmann, Rineke Verbrugge","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bounded Confidence Revisited: What We Overlooked, Underestimated, and Got Wrong","authors":"Rainer Hegselmann","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5257","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"136 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research incorporates Bayesian game theory into pedestrian evacuation in an agent-based model. Three pedestrian behaviours were compared: Random Follow, Shortest Route and Bayesian Nash Equilibrium (BNE), as well as combinations of these. The results showed that BNE pedestrians were able to evacuate more quickly as they predict congestion levels in their next step and adjust their directions to avoid congestion, closely matching the behaviours of evacuating pedestrians in reality. A series of simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate whether and how BNE affects pedestrian evacuation procedures. The results showed that: 1) BNE has a large impact on reducing evacuation time; 2) BNE pedestrians displayed more intelligent and efficient evacuating behaviours; 3) As the proportion of BNE users rises, average evacuation time decreases, and average comfort level increases. A detailed description of the model and relevant experimental results is provided in this paper. Several limitations as well as further works are also identified.
{"title":"An Agent-Based Simulation Model of Pedestrian Evacuation Based on Bayesian Nash Equilibrium","authors":"Yiyu Wang, Jiaqi Ge, Alexis Comber","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5037","url":null,"abstract":"This research incorporates Bayesian game theory into pedestrian evacuation in an agent-based model. Three pedestrian behaviours were compared: Random Follow, Shortest Route and Bayesian Nash Equilibrium (BNE), as well as combinations of these. The results showed that BNE pedestrians were able to evacuate more quickly as they predict congestion levels in their next step and adjust their directions to avoid congestion, closely matching the behaviours of evacuating pedestrians in reality. A series of simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate whether and how BNE affects pedestrian evacuation procedures. The results showed that: 1) BNE has a large impact on reducing evacuation time; 2) BNE pedestrians displayed more intelligent and efficient evacuating behaviours; 3) As the proportion of BNE users rises, average evacuation time decreases, and average comfort level increases. A detailed description of the model and relevant experimental results is provided in this paper. Several limitations as well as further works are also identified.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135734081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Opinion Dynamics Model Revealing Yet Undetected Cognitive Biases","authors":"Guillaume Deffuant","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135318960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800024942-5
Anna Romanova
The article discusses development of autonomous artificial intelligence systems for corporate management. The function of a corporate director is still one of the few that are legislated for execution by a “natural” rather than an “artificial” person. The main prerequisites for development of systems for full automation of management decisions made at the level of a board of directors are formed in the field of corporate law, machine learning, and compliance with the rules of non-discrimination, transparency, and accountability of decisions made and algorithms applied. The basic methodological approaches in terms of corporate law for the “autonomous director” have already been developed and do not get rejection among representatives of the legal sciences. However, there is an undeniable need for further extensive research in order to amend corporate law to effectively introduce “autonomous directors”. In practice, there are two main options of management decisions automation at the level of top management and a board of directors: digital command centers or automation of separate functions. Artificial intelligence systems will be subject to the same strict requirements for non-discrimination, transparency, and accountability as “natural” directors. At a certain stage, autonomous systems can be an effective tool for countries, regions, and companies with a shortage of human capital, equalizing or providing additional chances for such countries and companies to compete on the global market.
{"title":"Development of Autonomous Artificial Intelligence Systems for Corporate Management","authors":"Anna Romanova","doi":"10.18254/s207751800024942-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800024942-5","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses development of autonomous artificial intelligence systems for corporate management. The function of a corporate director is still one of the few that are legislated for execution by a “natural” rather than an “artificial” person. The main prerequisites for development of systems for full automation of management decisions made at the level of a board of directors are formed in the field of corporate law, machine learning, and compliance with the rules of non-discrimination, transparency, and accountability of decisions made and algorithms applied. The basic methodological approaches in terms of corporate law for the “autonomous director” have already been developed and do not get rejection among representatives of the legal sciences. However, there is an undeniable need for further extensive research in order to amend corporate law to effectively introduce “autonomous directors”. In practice, there are two main options of management decisions automation at the level of top management and a board of directors: digital command centers or automation of separate functions. Artificial intelligence systems will be subject to the same strict requirements for non-discrimination, transparency, and accountability as “natural” directors. At a certain stage, autonomous systems can be an effective tool for countries, regions, and companies with a shortage of human capital, equalizing or providing additional chances for such countries and companies to compete on the global market.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89275317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Superiority Bias and Communication Noise Can Enhance Collective Problem Solving","authors":"Amin Boroomand, P. Smaldino","doi":"10.18564/jasss.5154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18564/jasss.5154","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67492971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.18254/s207751800024370-6
A. Alekseev
The article is devoted to the problem of using intellectual systems corresponding to the concept of an artificial personality in socio-political communication. The components of the artificial personality project are considered, it is shown that the currently existing technologies already correspond to one of the levels of implementation of this project. These are the so-called social bots. Scenarios for the use of social bots in socio-political communication are considered, from the point of view of both risks and a possible increase in the effectiveness of socio-political communication using this technology. Approximate stages of development and application of a social bot are demonstrated. The issue of criteria for trusted artificial intelligence in relation to an artificial personality used in socio-political communication is also considered.
{"title":"Artificial Personality in socio-political communication","authors":"A. Alekseev","doi":"10.18254/s207751800024370-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18254/s207751800024370-6","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of using intellectual systems corresponding to the concept of an artificial personality in socio-political communication. The components of the artificial personality project are considered, it is shown that the currently existing technologies already correspond to one of the levels of implementation of this project. These are the so-called social bots. Scenarios for the use of social bots in socio-political communication are considered, from the point of view of both risks and a possible increase in the effectiveness of socio-political communication using this technology. Approximate stages of development and application of a social bot are demonstrated. The issue of criteria for trusted artificial intelligence in relation to an artificial personality used in socio-political communication is also considered.","PeriodicalId":51498,"journal":{"name":"Jasss-The Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation","volume":"447 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77897127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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