Pub Date : 2021-12-27DOI: 10.1177/15270025211051061
W. Andreff
The present article first delineates core sport economics and compares the content of the Journal of Sports Economics (JSE) in different periods of time, then with other core publications in sport economics. Finally, a comparison is undertaken with articles in sport economics which have been published in generalist economics journals over the past two decades. A major conclusion is that the JSE appears to be the mainstream journal in quantitative sport microeconomics. Other strengths and weaknesses are exhibited and tentatively explained, including a marginal attention paid to non-microeconomic issues in sport and some other unheeded topics. A final conclusion is geared toward options for the editorial policy in the decades to come.
{"title":"Oldies but Goldies! Twenty Years After, the Journal of Sports Economics at a Crossroads?","authors":"W. Andreff","doi":"10.1177/15270025211051061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211051061","url":null,"abstract":"The present article first delineates core sport economics and compares the content of the Journal of Sports Economics (JSE) in different periods of time, then with other core publications in sport economics. Finally, a comparison is undertaken with articles in sport economics which have been published in generalist economics journals over the past two decades. A major conclusion is that the JSE appears to be the mainstream journal in quantitative sport microeconomics. Other strengths and weaknesses are exhibited and tentatively explained, including a marginal attention paid to non-microeconomic issues in sport and some other unheeded topics. A final conclusion is geared toward options for the editorial policy in the decades to come.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49075446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1177/15270025211067793
Thadeu Gasparetto, Á. Barajas
Previous research on professional football offer conflicting results regarding the impact of wage dispersion on team performance. However, the existing intra-league heterogeneity among clubs is overlooked and could be the reason for the diverging outcomes. The aim of this paper is to reanalyze this relationship having the clubs’ size as moderator. Payroll – which captures the financial strength – is used as proxy of club size. Ordinary Least Squares regressions with season and league fixed effects are employed. Dispersion is measured by three indexes for robustness check. The outputs confirm the quadratic relationship between wage dispersion and performance, but adding that identical levels of dispersion have different impact on football clubs according to their financial strength.
{"title":"Wage Dispersion and Team Performance: The Moderation Role of Club Size","authors":"Thadeu Gasparetto, Á. Barajas","doi":"10.1177/15270025211067793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211067793","url":null,"abstract":"Previous research on professional football offer conflicting results regarding the impact of wage dispersion on team performance. However, the existing intra-league heterogeneity among clubs is overlooked and could be the reason for the diverging outcomes. The aim of this paper is to reanalyze this relationship having the clubs’ size as moderator. Payroll – which captures the financial strength – is used as proxy of club size. Ordinary Least Squares regressions with season and league fixed effects are employed. Dispersion is measured by three indexes for robustness check. The outputs confirm the quadratic relationship between wage dispersion and performance, but adding that identical levels of dispersion have different impact on football clubs according to their financial strength.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46536035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-20DOI: 10.1177/15270025211067792
Paul Gift
Caves, Tatos, and Urschel (Caves et al.) emphasize that I declined to share my dataset, but the context of that decision warrants further elaboration. All three authors have a clear connection to the plaintiffs in the active antitrust case, Le et al. v. Zuffa LLC (UFC Lawsuit), and two of the authors – Dr. Caves and Mr. Urschel – consulted for the plaintiffs and may yet provide future support. I have zero financial interest in the case and felt it improper to provide data to individuals with an obvious interest in either side of an ongoing, multibillion-dollar lawsuit. This was my personal “barrier to data disclosure.” In addition, all data used in my analyses are publicly available and both sides have significant resources at their disposal. Caves et al. advance two primary lines of criticism: (1) concerns regarding comparisons of marginal revenue product (MRP) and compensation in the presence of fixed Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) revenues and (2) concerns regarding my use of Google Trends search interest data as a proxy for UFC fighter popularity. I leave it to readers to form their own conclusions regarding the authors’ conflicts of interest and address their two substantive criticisms below.
Caves, Tatos和Urschel (Caves等人)强调我拒绝分享我的数据集，但该决定的背景值得进一步阐述。在Le et al. v. Zuffa LLC (UFC诉讼)一案中，这三位作者都与原告有明确的联系，其中两位作者——Caves博士和Urschel先生——曾为原告提供咨询，并可能在未来提供支持。我在这起案件中没有任何经济利益，而且我认为，向与这起正在进行的价值数十亿美元的诉讼的任何一方都明显有利害关系的个人提供数据都是不恰当的。这是我个人的“数据披露障碍”。此外，我分析中使用的所有数据都是公开的，双方都有大量的资源可供使用。Caves等人提出了两条主要的批评路线:(1)关于边际收入产品(MRP)和补偿的比较，以及(2)关于我使用谷歌Trends搜索兴趣数据作为UFC战士受欢迎程度的代理的问题。我让读者对作者的利益冲突形成自己的结论，并在下面解决他们的两个实质性批评。
{"title":"Reply to the Caves et al. Comment on “Moving the Needle in MMA: On the Marginal Revenue Product of UFC Fighters”","authors":"Paul Gift","doi":"10.1177/15270025211067792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211067792","url":null,"abstract":"Caves, Tatos, and Urschel (Caves et al.) emphasize that I declined to share my dataset, but the context of that decision warrants further elaboration. All three authors have a clear connection to the plaintiffs in the active antitrust case, Le et al. v. Zuffa LLC (UFC Lawsuit), and two of the authors – Dr. Caves and Mr. Urschel – consulted for the plaintiffs and may yet provide future support. I have zero financial interest in the case and felt it improper to provide data to individuals with an obvious interest in either side of an ongoing, multibillion-dollar lawsuit. This was my personal “barrier to data disclosure.” In addition, all data used in my analyses are publicly available and both sides have significant resources at their disposal. Caves et al. advance two primary lines of criticism: (1) concerns regarding comparisons of marginal revenue product (MRP) and compensation in the presence of fixed Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) revenues and (2) concerns regarding my use of Google Trends search interest data as a proxy for UFC fighter popularity. I leave it to readers to form their own conclusions regarding the authors’ conflicts of interest and address their two substantive criticisms below.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43326344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.1177/15270025211059526
M. Runkel
Competitive balance regulation is more widespread in North American than in Europan sports leagues. The present paper addresses the question whether this observation can be explained with the help of differences in the degree of player mobility. Using an extended version of the workhorse contest model of sports leagues, the paper shows that the answer depends on the kind of competitive balance regulation. While player mobility may help to explain the difference with respect to salary regulation (e.g., salary caps), the choice of revenue sharing schemes turns out to be independent of player mobility.
{"title":"Player Mobility and Competitive Balance Regulation in Professional Sports Leagues","authors":"M. Runkel","doi":"10.1177/15270025211059526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211059526","url":null,"abstract":"Competitive balance regulation is more widespread in North American than in Europan sports leagues. The present paper addresses the question whether this observation can be explained with the help of differences in the degree of player mobility. Using an extended version of the workhorse contest model of sports leagues, the paper shows that the answer depends on the kind of competitive balance regulation. While player mobility may help to explain the difference with respect to salary regulation (e.g., salary caps), the choice of revenue sharing schemes turns out to be independent of player mobility.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48778143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-08DOI: 10.1177/15270025211059528
W. Maennig, Viktoria C. E. Schumann
This paper contributes to the debate on anti-doping policies not by evaluating the policy itself but by evaluating the announcement of (new) policy measures. We develop a dynamic model for analyzing the effects of two different types of news shocks: (1) the preannouncement of improved drug testing technological opportunities and (2) the preannouncement of future increases in financial sanctions. We find that the anticipation of policy changes affects the behavior of potentially delinquent athletes. In both scenarios, our simulations show immediately reduced drug abuse among athletes. We conclude that authorities may consider news shocks as an anti-doping strategy.
{"title":"Prevention Effect of News Shocks in Anti-Doping Policies","authors":"W. Maennig, Viktoria C. E. Schumann","doi":"10.1177/15270025211059528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211059528","url":null,"abstract":"This paper contributes to the debate on anti-doping policies not by evaluating the policy itself but by evaluating the announcement of (new) policy measures. We develop a dynamic model for analyzing the effects of two different types of news shocks: (1) the preannouncement of improved drug testing technological opportunities and (2) the preannouncement of future increases in financial sanctions. We find that the anticipation of policy changes affects the behavior of potentially delinquent athletes. In both scenarios, our simulations show immediately reduced drug abuse among athletes. We conclude that authorities may consider news shocks as an anti-doping strategy.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41778606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-03DOI: 10.1177/15270025211049793
Yu Qin, Jing Wu, Rongjie Zhang
In this paper, we study the impact of air pollution on Chinese professional football players’ performance. Our primary research question is whether the negative effects of air pollution can be mitigated by adaptation, and which cohort of players can have higher adaptability. We find that a higher pollution level during the game, relative to the adapted pollution level in players’ home cities, has a negative and significant impact on the players’ efforts and accuracy. The impact of non-adapted air pollution can be greatly offset by the home advantage, but not by personal attributes such as the higher ability.
{"title":"Can Professional Football Players Adapt to Air Pollution? Evidence From China","authors":"Yu Qin, Jing Wu, Rongjie Zhang","doi":"10.1177/15270025211049793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211049793","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the impact of air pollution on Chinese professional football players’ performance. Our primary research question is whether the negative effects of air pollution can be mitigated by adaptation, and which cohort of players can have higher adaptability. We find that a higher pollution level during the game, relative to the adapted pollution level in players’ home cities, has a negative and significant impact on the players’ efforts and accuracy. The impact of non-adapted air pollution can be greatly offset by the home advantage, but not by personal attributes such as the higher ability.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43637228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-24DOI: 10.1177/15270025211059527
Domenico Campa
This paper examines the determinants of the difference between soccer player registration transfer fees and the estimated inherent value of transferred players. The results show that this difference increases for players competing in the same league as that of the acquiring team, players acquired during winter transfer windows, defender registrations, and in the presence of player registration swaps. It decreases for midfielder registrations and for registrations purchased the year immediately before the expiration of players’ contracts. Finally, the difference between registration transfer fees and estimated players’ inherent value increases up to when players are 28 years old and decreases afterwards.
{"title":"Exploring the Market of Soccer Player Registrations: An Empirical Analysis of the Difference Between Transfer Fees and Estimated Players’ Inherent Value","authors":"Domenico Campa","doi":"10.1177/15270025211059527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211059527","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the determinants of the difference between soccer player registration transfer fees and the estimated inherent value of transferred players. The results show that this difference increases for players competing in the same league as that of the acquiring team, players acquired during winter transfer windows, defender registrations, and in the presence of player registration swaps. It decreases for midfielder registrations and for registrations purchased the year immediately before the expiration of players’ contracts. Finally, the difference between registration transfer fees and estimated players’ inherent value increases up to when players are 28 years old and decreases afterwards.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43144136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-17DOI: 10.1177/15270025211055842
F. Mixon, R. Cebula
Prior research uses the collapse of Soviet-style communism in 1991 as a de facto experimental framework within which to examine the impact of prospective benefits on the motivation of athletes to succeed in the Olympic Games. Prior to the collapse, successful Soviet Bloc Olympians were provided extraordinary living conditions and lifestyles. These rewards evaporated with the demise of the Soviet Union in 1991, subsequently resulting in relatively poorer Olympic performances of Soviet Bloc athletes. The current study extends earlier work by investigating the impact of appropriability on the supply of innovation by examining the frequency of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics before and during the transition to a new market-based economic order. Our central hypothesis is that following the dissolution the communist governments of the Soviet Bloc and its satellites, the supply of innovation in the form of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics from these countries has fallen. Frequency distributions of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics both prior to and after the dissolution of the aforementioned communist regimes support this hypothesis, as do results from goodness-of-fit tests and stochastic dominance analysis of joint probability distributions.
{"title":"Property Rights Freedom and Innovation: Eponymous Skills in Women's Gymnastics","authors":"F. Mixon, R. Cebula","doi":"10.1177/15270025211055842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211055842","url":null,"abstract":"Prior research uses the collapse of Soviet-style communism in 1991 as a de facto experimental framework within which to examine the impact of prospective benefits on the motivation of athletes to succeed in the Olympic Games. Prior to the collapse, successful Soviet Bloc Olympians were provided extraordinary living conditions and lifestyles. These rewards evaporated with the demise of the Soviet Union in 1991, subsequently resulting in relatively poorer Olympic performances of Soviet Bloc athletes. The current study extends earlier work by investigating the impact of appropriability on the supply of innovation by examining the frequency of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics before and during the transition to a new market-based economic order. Our central hypothesis is that following the dissolution the communist governments of the Soviet Bloc and its satellites, the supply of innovation in the form of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics from these countries has fallen. Frequency distributions of eponymous skills in women's gymnastics both prior to and after the dissolution of the aforementioned communist regimes support this hypothesis, as do results from goodness-of-fit tests and stochastic dominance analysis of joint probability distributions.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42284724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-03DOI: 10.1177/15270025211049797
Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez, J. del Corral, Plácido Rodríguez
This article describes the content published in the Journal of Sports Economics (JSE) for its 20th anniversary. The analysis focuses on the most relevant topics and captures the characteristics of authors, institutions, and types of collaborations over a 20-year period. In total, the sample includes 663 research articles (published from February 2000 to December 2019) and 856 authors from 490 institutions. The 20-year period offers an insightful picture of sports economics research. The article discusses additional features and trends and reflects on expected directions for future research in the journal.
{"title":"The Who and the What of the Journal of Sports Economics – 20th Anniversary Edition","authors":"Carlos Gomez-Gonzalez, J. del Corral, Plácido Rodríguez","doi":"10.1177/15270025211049797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211049797","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes the content published in the Journal of Sports Economics (JSE) for its 20th anniversary. The analysis focuses on the most relevant topics and captures the characteristics of authors, institutions, and types of collaborations over a 20-year period. In total, the sample includes 663 research articles (published from February 2000 to December 2019) and 856 authors from 490 institutions. The 20-year period offers an insightful picture of sports economics research. The article discusses additional features and trends and reflects on expected directions for future research in the journal.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42044669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-03DOI: 10.1177/15270025211051062
Robert Simmons
This article summarises the research findings of papers published in Journal of Sports Economics on the workings of professional sports labor markets. The article covers three main themes: pay and performance, discrimination, and player mobility. The review shows what scholars have found so far and point out various gaps that researchers can fill in future work.
{"title":"Professional Labor Markets in the Journal of Sports Economics","authors":"Robert Simmons","doi":"10.1177/15270025211051062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15270025211051062","url":null,"abstract":"This article summarises the research findings of papers published in Journal of Sports Economics on the workings of professional sports labor markets. The article covers three main themes: pay and performance, discrimination, and player mobility. The review shows what scholars have found so far and point out various gaps that researchers can fill in future work.","PeriodicalId":51522,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43180186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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