Pub Date : 2024-05-04DOI: 10.1007/s00049-024-00401-w
Weliton D. Silva, Yunfan Zou, Lawrence M. Hanks, José Mauricio S. Bento, Jocelyn G. Millar
During field screening trials in Brazil, adults of both sexes of the cerambycid beetle Achryson surinamum (L.) (Cerambycinae: Achrysonini) were significantly attracted to racemic anti-2,3-octanediol, previously identified as a sex and aggregation-sex pheromone of various cerambycid species across different continents. Analyses of beetle-produced volatiles revealed that males of A. surinamum sex-specifically produce (2S,3R)-2,3-octanediol, as well as lesser amounts of (S)-2-methylbutan-1-ol. In field trials, both sexes of beetles were attracted by reconstructions of the species’ pheromone blend with synthesized components, confirming males produce an aggregation-sex pheromone. During the trials, the cerambycine Sphaerion inerme White (Elaphidiini) was attracted to some of the test lures, providing leads to its attractant pheromone. Subsequent analysis of extracts of headspace volatiles from live adults of S. inerme revealed that males produce a blend of (R)-2-methylbutan-1-ol and (R)-2-methylpentan-1-ol. In field tests, blends of racemic 2-methylbutan-1-ol+2-methylpentan-1-ol attracted significant numbers of beetles of both sexes. This study provides further examples of how identification of attractant pheromones of cerambycid species can be expedited by leveraging prior knowledge of the pheromone chemistry of related species.
{"title":"Pheromone chemistry of the Neotropical cerambycid beetles Achryson surinamum and Sphaerion inerme","authors":"Weliton D. Silva, Yunfan Zou, Lawrence M. Hanks, José Mauricio S. Bento, Jocelyn G. Millar","doi":"10.1007/s00049-024-00401-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-024-00401-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During field screening trials in Brazil, adults of both sexes of the cerambycid beetle <i>Achryson surinamum</i> (L.) (Cerambycinae: Achrysonini) were significantly attracted to racemic <i>anti</i>-2,3-octanediol, previously identified as a sex and aggregation-sex pheromone of various cerambycid species across different continents. Analyses of beetle-produced volatiles revealed that males of <i>A. surinamum</i> sex-specifically produce (2<i>S</i>,3<i>R</i>)-2,3-octanediol, as well as lesser amounts of (<i>S</i>)-2-methylbutan-1-ol. In field trials, both sexes of beetles were attracted by reconstructions of the species’ pheromone blend with synthesized components, confirming males produce an aggregation-sex pheromone. During the trials, the cerambycine <i>Sphaerion inerme</i> White (Elaphidiini) was attracted to some of the test lures, providing leads to its attractant pheromone. Subsequent analysis of extracts of headspace volatiles from live adults of <i>S. inerme</i> revealed that males produce a blend of (<i>R</i>)-2-methylbutan-1-ol and (<i>R</i>)-2-methylpentan-1-ol. In field tests, blends of racemic 2-methylbutan-1-ol+2-methylpentan-1-ol attracted significant numbers of beetles of both sexes. This study provides further examples of how identification of attractant pheromones of cerambycid species can be expedited by leveraging prior knowledge of the pheromone chemistry of related species.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 2","pages":"61 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140885589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem of persistent and potentially toxic heavy metal-contaminated soils is widespread worldwide. These heavy metal concentrations have continued to accumulate in soils over the past three decades, posing a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the problem of heavy metal soil contamination needs to be addressed urgently. In this paper, we describe the sources of heavy metal pollution and their hazardous properties, emphasizing the urgent need for treatment. Traditional remediation techniques for heavy metal contamination include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages and can be combined to remove (transform) or reduce heavy metals in contaminated soils to safe levels. The article provides a comparative analysis of traditional remediation techniques for heavy metal contamination, focusing on a review of the current status of research and application of microbial remediation methods in heavy metal contamination of mine soils. The paper also discusses the combined microbial and chemical/plant remediation techniques. In conclusion, the remediation and treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils should consider both the economy and effectiveness of the remediation technology. Microbial remediation is a typical remediation technology that will become the main development trend due to its effectiveness and low cost.
{"title":"Microbial remediation technology for heavy metal contamination of mine soil","authors":"Shuangquan Li, Xiao Yan, Mingjiang Zhang, Qi Sun, Xuezhe Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00049-024-00399-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-024-00399-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The problem of persistent and potentially toxic heavy metal-contaminated soils is widespread worldwide. These heavy metal concentrations have continued to accumulate in soils over the past three decades, posing a threat to the environment and human health. Therefore, the problem of heavy metal soil contamination needs to be addressed urgently. In this paper, we describe the sources of heavy metal pollution and their hazardous properties, emphasizing the urgent need for treatment. Traditional remediation techniques for heavy metal contamination include physical, chemical, and biological methods. Each of these methods has its advantages and disadvantages and can be combined to remove (transform) or reduce heavy metals in contaminated soils to safe levels. The article provides a comparative analysis of traditional remediation techniques for heavy metal contamination, focusing on a review of the current status of research and application of microbial remediation methods in heavy metal contamination of mine soils. The paper also discusses the combined microbial and chemical/plant remediation techniques. In conclusion, the remediation and treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils should consider both the economy and effectiveness of the remediation technology. Microbial remediation is a typical remediation technology that will become the main development trend due to its effectiveness and low cost.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 2","pages":"47 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140659528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.1007/s00049-024-00400-x
Michaela Bodner, Dragan Antić, Zvezdana Jovanović, Günther Raspotnig, Bojan Ilić, Luka Lučić, Slobodan Makarov
Millipedes of the order Glomerida are known to produce quinazolinone alkaloids as defensive substances. However, chemical data are rather scarce and all hitherto available publications refer to a single glomeridan family, the Glomeridae. To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical ecology of glomeridans, we collected species, Typhloglomeris coeca Verhoeff, 1898 and T. varunae Makarov, Lučić, Tomić & Karaman, 2003, from a second family – Glomeridellidae. The defensive exudates were extracted in methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our results show that the secretions of the two glomeridellids contain the quinazolinone alkaloid homoglomerin (2-ethyl-1-methylquinazolin-4(1H)-one) as the sole defensive constituent. This report provides initial data on the chemoprofiles of members of the family Glomeridellidae and supports the phenomenon of chemical homogeneity of glomeridan defensive secretions. So far, all analyzed representatives of the order possess glomerin and/or homoglomerin as defensive equipment. The phylogenetic origin of alkaloidal compounds in the secretions of millipedes in general, and particularly the origin of quinazolinone alkaloids in Glomerida is discussed. Considering that the quinazolinone alkaloid defensive secretions may be the same (or very similar) in other Glomerida, our results have important implication for further studies of defensive secretions in these arthropods. Also, as data are available only for a limited number of glomeridan and colobognathan species, additional analyses are necessary to elucidate the evolution of alkaloid defensive secretion in Diplopoda.
{"title":"Alkaloid chemistry in pill-millipedes: Defensive secretion in two species of Typhloglomeris Verhoeff, 1898 (Diplopoda, Glomerida, Glomeridellidae)","authors":"Michaela Bodner, Dragan Antić, Zvezdana Jovanović, Günther Raspotnig, Bojan Ilić, Luka Lučić, Slobodan Makarov","doi":"10.1007/s00049-024-00400-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-024-00400-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Millipedes of the order Glomerida are known to produce quinazolinone alkaloids as defensive substances. However, chemical data are rather scarce and all hitherto available publications refer to a single glomeridan family, the Glomeridae. To contribute to the knowledge of the chemical ecology of glomeridans, we collected species, <i>Typhloglomeris coeca</i> Verhoeff, 1898 and <i>T. varunae</i> Makarov, Lučić, Tomić & Karaman, 2003, from a second family – Glomeridellidae. The defensive exudates were extracted in methylene chloride and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Our results show that the secretions of the two glomeridellids contain the quinazolinone alkaloid homoglomerin (2-ethyl-1-methylquinazolin-4(1H)-one) as the sole defensive constituent. This report provides initial data on the chemoprofiles of members of the family Glomeridellidae and supports the phenomenon of chemical homogeneity of glomeridan defensive secretions. So far, all analyzed representatives of the order possess glomerin and/or homoglomerin as defensive equipment. The phylogenetic origin of alkaloidal compounds in the secretions of millipedes in general, and particularly the origin of quinazolinone alkaloids in Glomerida is discussed. Considering that the quinazolinone alkaloid defensive secretions may be the same (or very similar) in other Glomerida, our results have important implication for further studies of defensive secretions in these arthropods. Also, as data are available only for a limited number of glomeridan and colobognathan species, additional analyses are necessary to elucidate the evolution of alkaloid defensive secretion in Diplopoda.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 1","pages":"41 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-024-00400-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140117570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.1007/s00049-024-00398-2
Matthew C. Hetherington, Johanne Brunet, Diego Nieto, Ricardo A. Ramirez, Erik J. Wenninger, Christelle Guédot
Lygus hesperus Knight is a polyphagous pest of major concern to numerous cropping systems across western North America. Lygus hesperus exhibits well-documented host preferences which may be used to develop behavioral management strategies for this pest. This study sought to identify plant volatiles that mediate L. hesperus host preferences and assess the potential of those compounds to improve monitoring and management of this pest. Gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection was applied to identify antennally active compounds in headspace extracts from four host plants of varying attractiveness. Y-tube olfactometer assays were then conducted to determine L. hesperus responses to each of these 17 antennally active compounds individually. Six compounds attracted female L. hesperus, and subsequent tests revealed that females were attracted to an equal-parts blend of these six attractive compounds versus clean air, and that this blend was as attractive as flowering Medicago sativa. We then examined L. hesperus attraction to attractive compounds individually and an equal-parts blend of five attractive compounds in the field. An equal-parts blend of five attractive compounds was tested in strawberry, whereas the blend and each individual component were tested in alfalfa. In both field settings, neither the individual compounds nor the blend increased L. hesperus capture rates compared to unbaited control traps. Low attraction in the field could result from a masking effect of background volatiles or the failure to include important compounds in tested blends. It remains important to assess whether the compounds tested in this study may facilitate L. hesperus management in other cropping systems.
Lygus hesperus Knight 是一种多食性害虫,主要危害北美西部的许多作物系统。Lygus hesperus 的寄主偏好有据可查,可用于制定该害虫的行为管理策略。本研究旨在确定介导 L. hesperus 寄主偏好的植物挥发性物质,并评估这些化合物在改善对该害虫的监测和管理方面的潜力。该研究采用气相色谱法和电触觉检测法来鉴定四种不同吸引力的寄主植物顶空萃取物中的触角活性化合物。然后进行了 Y 型管嗅觉测定,以确定 L. hesperus 对这 17 种触角活性化合物的反应。有六种化合物能吸引雌性赫氏栉水母,随后的测试表明,雌性赫氏栉水母会被这六种具有吸引力的化合物的等量混合液和清洁空气所吸引,而且这种混合液的吸引力与开花的麦冬草相当。随后,我们在野外研究了赫氏啮齿目动物对单独的诱人化合物以及五种诱人化合物等量混合的吸引力。我们在草莓中测试了五种诱人化合物的等比例混合物,并在紫花苜蓿中测试了混合物和每个单独成分。在这两种田间环境中,与未添加诱饵的对照诱捕器相比,单个化合物或混合物都没有提高L. hesperus的捕获率。田间诱捕率低可能是由于背景挥发物的掩蔽效应或测试混合物中未包含重要化合物。评估本研究中测试的化合物是否有助于在其他耕作系统中管理 L. hesperus 仍然非常重要。
{"title":"Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of Lygus hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae) to host plant volatiles","authors":"Matthew C. Hetherington, Johanne Brunet, Diego Nieto, Ricardo A. Ramirez, Erik J. Wenninger, Christelle Guédot","doi":"10.1007/s00049-024-00398-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-024-00398-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Lygus hesperus</i> Knight is a polyphagous pest of major concern to numerous cropping systems across western North America. <i>Lygus hesperus</i> exhibits well-documented host preferences which may be used to develop behavioral management strategies for this pest. This study sought to identify plant volatiles that mediate <i>L. hesperus</i> host preferences and assess the potential of those compounds to improve monitoring and management of this pest. Gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection was applied to identify antennally active compounds in headspace extracts from four host plants of varying attractiveness. Y-tube olfactometer assays were then conducted to determine <i>L. hesperus</i> responses to each of these 17 antennally active compounds individually. Six compounds attracted female <i>L. hesperus</i>, and subsequent tests revealed that females were attracted to an equal-parts blend of these six attractive compounds versus clean air, and that this blend was as attractive as flowering <i>Medicago sativa.</i> We then examined <i>L. hesperus</i> attraction to attractive compounds individually and an equal-parts blend of five attractive compounds in the field. An equal-parts blend of five attractive compounds was tested in strawberry, whereas the blend and each individual component were tested in alfalfa. In both field settings, neither the individual compounds nor the blend increased <i>L. hesperus</i> capture rates compared to unbaited control traps. Low attraction in the field could result from a masking effect of background volatiles or the failure to include important compounds in tested blends. It remains important to assess whether the compounds tested in this study may facilitate <i>L. hesperus</i> management in other cropping systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 1","pages":"27 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139948257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-24DOI: 10.1007/s00049-024-00397-3
Zouhaier Barhoumi
Mistletoes are adapted to parasitize aerial parts of their hosts, and they have a great morphological variation and wide global distribution. Their effects on hosts were more or less investigated; however, no comparative interspecific study had been reported. This study aimed to compare three locale mistletoes Phragmanthera austroarabica, Viscum schimperi, and Plicosepalus acacia based on photosynthetic activity, major-trace- and ultra-trace elements’ distribution and metabolome profiling. P. acacia exhibited the highest net photosynthetic assimilation rate (3.3-folds), water use efficiency (5.5-folds), and accumulated major elements (44Ca, 24Mg, and 23Na). Equally, the untargeted metabolomic method showed a substantial difference in metabolome profiling, with P. acacia being the lesser accumulative of major metabolites than P. austroarabica and V. schimperi. Based on the few identified common metabolite analysis, P. acacia had the ability to avoid the accumulation of the pollutant mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate which, P. austroarabica and V. schimperi, cannot do. Equally, P. acacia had more defence metabolites against stressors than the other mistletoes. Accordingly, P. acacia displayed higher potentialities to be more vigor and more adapted to the parasitism’s life than P. austroarabica and V. schimperi.
槲寄生适于寄生在寄主的气生部位,形态变化很大,在全球分布广泛。人们或多或少地研究了它们对宿主的影响,但还没有关于种间比较研究的报道。本研究旨在根据光合作用活性、主要痕量元素和超痕量元素的分布以及代谢组图谱,对 Phragmanthera austroarabica、Viscum schimperi 和 Plicosepalus acacia 三种地方槲寄生进行比较。刺槐的净光合同化率(3.3 倍)、水分利用效率(5.5 倍)和主要元素(44Ca、24Mg 和 23Na)累积量最高。同样,非靶向代谢组方法也显示出代谢组图谱的巨大差异,相思树的主要代谢物累积量低于奥斯特罗拉比卡相思树(P. austroarabica)和金叶女贞(V. schimperi)。根据已确定的几种常见代谢物分析,金合欢有能力避免污染物邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯的积累,而金合欢和五味子则做不到这一点。同样,相思树比其他槲寄生有更多的防御代谢物。因此,与 P. austroarabica 和 V. schimperi 相比,刺槐具有更强的生命力和更适应寄生生活的潜力。
{"title":"Comparative study of three local mistletoes: insights from photosynthetic, ionomic, and metabolomic attributes","authors":"Zouhaier Barhoumi","doi":"10.1007/s00049-024-00397-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-024-00397-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mistletoes are adapted to parasitize aerial parts of their hosts, and they have a great morphological variation and wide global distribution. Their effects on hosts were more or less investigated; however, no comparative interspecific study had been reported. This study aimed to compare three locale mistletoes <i>Phragmanthera austroarabica</i>, <i>Viscum schimperi</i>, and <i>Plicosepalus acacia</i> based on photosynthetic activity, major-trace- and ultra-trace elements’ distribution and metabolome profiling. <i>P. acacia</i> exhibited the highest net photosynthetic assimilation rate (3.3-folds), water use efficiency (5.5-folds), and accumulated major elements (<sup>44</sup>Ca, <sup>24</sup>Mg, and <sup>23</sup>Na). Equally, the untargeted metabolomic method showed a substantial difference in metabolome profiling, with <i>P. acacia</i> being the lesser accumulative of major metabolites than <i>P. austroarabica</i> and <i>V. schimperi</i>. Based on the few identified common metabolite analysis, <i>P. acacia</i> had the ability to avoid the accumulation of the pollutant mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate which, <i>P. austroarabica</i> and <i>V. schimperi</i>, cannot do. Equally, <i>P. acacia</i> had more defence metabolites against stressors than the other mistletoes. Accordingly, <i>P. acacia</i> displayed higher potentialities to be more vigor and more adapted to the parasitism’s life than <i>P. austroarabica</i> and <i>V. schimperi.</i></p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 1","pages":"13 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139948018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-27DOI: 10.1007/s00049-023-00396-w
Yuki Mitaka, Kenji Matsuura, Toshiharu Akino
Pheromones play a pivotal role in coordinating collective activities. Recent research has demonstrated that workers of the Japanese subterranean termite, Reticulitermes speratus, secrete an aggregation pheromone that induces quick assemble and prolonged stay at the pheromone source for nestmate workers, facilitating efficient dead-wood digestion and colony expansion. The question remains: do other termite species also utilize aggregation pheromones? In this study, we report that workers of the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, use a mixture of fatty acids as part of the pheromone components to maintain worker aggregation for extended periods of time. Through bioassays and gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, we determined that a mixture of four fatty acids including palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, (Z)-10-heptadecenoic acid, and stearic acid possesses arrestant activity but little or no attractant activity. Also, the inclusion of cholesterol and cuticular hydrocarbons reinforces only its arrestant activity. Further, GC–MS analysis of extracts of wood and soil, which serve as termite food, indicated that the pheromone components other than palmitic acid are not derived from their food, and GC analysis of extracts from different parts of the worker’s body revealed that these components were most likely produced in the midgut and excreted to the outside of the body via the hindgut. These findings suggest that the aggregation pheromone components and their functions in C. formosanus are largely different from those in R. speratus. This research provides insights into the differences among termite species in the development of chemical signals triggering aggregation behavior.
{"title":"Even- and odd-numbered fatty acids used as worker arrestant aggregation pheromone components in the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus","authors":"Yuki Mitaka, Kenji Matsuura, Toshiharu Akino","doi":"10.1007/s00049-023-00396-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-023-00396-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pheromones play a pivotal role in coordinating collective activities. Recent research has demonstrated that workers of the Japanese subterranean termite, <i>Reticulitermes speratus</i>, secrete an aggregation pheromone that induces quick assemble and prolonged stay at the pheromone source for nestmate workers, facilitating efficient dead-wood digestion and colony expansion. The question remains: do other termite species also utilize aggregation pheromones? In this study, we report that workers of the Formosan subterranean termite, <i>Coptotermes formosanus</i>, use a mixture of fatty acids as part of the pheromone components to maintain worker aggregation for extended periods of time. Through bioassays and gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, we determined that a mixture of four fatty acids including palmitoleic acid, palmitic acid, (<i>Z</i>)-10-heptadecenoic acid, and stearic acid possesses arrestant activity but little or no attractant activity. Also, the inclusion of cholesterol and cuticular hydrocarbons reinforces only its arrestant activity. Further, GC–MS analysis of extracts of wood and soil, which serve as termite food, indicated that the pheromone components other than palmitic acid are not derived from their food, and GC analysis of extracts from different parts of the worker’s body revealed that these components were most likely produced in the midgut and excreted to the outside of the body via the hindgut. These findings suggest that the aggregation pheromone components and their functions in <i>C. formosanus</i> are largely different from those in <i>R. speratus</i>. This research provides insights into the differences among termite species in the development of chemical signals triggering aggregation behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"34 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139052395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-20DOI: 10.1007/s00049-023-00393-z
Jenifer J. Bustos-Cortés, Rosa C. Aldana-De la Torre, Anuar Morales-Rodríguez, Carolina Chegwin-Angarita, Alicia Romero-Frías
Behavior modification using chemical stimuli is a promising tactic for integrated management of lepidopteran pests. Therefore, this approach was evaluated for the management of the butterfly Opsiphanes cassina Felder 1862, a defoliating pest in oil palm plantations. To achieve this aim, we observed adults’ sexual behavior under laboratory conditions and identified glandular structures in the abdomen and hind wings of males that are associated with the production of sexual pheromones in taxonomically related insects. It was also determined that male calls to females occur at 18:00 h when they fill their glandular structures, tremble, and make abdominal movements while possibly releasing pheromones. The hairpencils of the hind wings are also exposed during this time. Furthermore, the analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) on the samples obtained by Solvent Assisted Extraction (SAE) revealed the identification of three male-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including (E)-nerolidol, vanillin, and (Z)-7-heptadecene. The Electroantennographic (EAG) evaluation demonstrated that females respond to the compounds, indicating their likely involvement in intraspecific interactions of the species. However, the behavioral evaluation did not confirm their attractive effect under the conditions employed. Nevertheless, the identified male-specific semiochemicals could be an alternative for inclusion in integrated pest management (IPM) of this pest in oil palm crops. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate them under field conditions.
{"title":"Sexual behavior and chemical signaling in Opsiphanes cassina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)","authors":"Jenifer J. Bustos-Cortés, Rosa C. Aldana-De la Torre, Anuar Morales-Rodríguez, Carolina Chegwin-Angarita, Alicia Romero-Frías","doi":"10.1007/s00049-023-00393-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-023-00393-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Behavior modification using chemical stimuli is a promising tactic for integrated management of lepidopteran pests. Therefore, this approach was evaluated for the management of the butterfly <i>Opsiphanes cassina</i> Felder 1862, a defoliating pest in oil palm plantations. To achieve this aim, we observed adults’ sexual behavior under laboratory conditions and identified glandular structures in the abdomen and hind wings of males that are associated with the production of sexual pheromones in taxonomically related insects. It was also determined that male calls to females occur at 18:00 h when they fill their glandular structures, tremble, and make abdominal movements while possibly releasing pheromones. The hairpencils of the hind wings are also exposed during this time. Furthermore, the analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) on the samples obtained by Solvent Assisted Extraction (SAE) revealed the identification of three male-specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including (<i>E</i>)-nerolidol, vanillin, and (<i>Z</i>)-7-heptadecene. The Electroantennographic (EAG) evaluation demonstrated that females respond to the compounds, indicating their likely involvement in intraspecific interactions of the species. However, the behavioral evaluation did not confirm their attractive effect under the conditions employed. Nevertheless, the identified male-specific semiochemicals could be an alternative for inclusion in integrated pest management (IPM) of this pest in oil palm crops. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate them under field conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-023-00393-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138821477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-16DOI: 10.1007/s00049-023-00395-x
Günther Raspotnig, Marko Rohlfs
{"title":"A matter of confidence: requirements and standards for compound identification in Chemoecology","authors":"Günther Raspotnig, Marko Rohlfs","doi":"10.1007/s00049-023-00395-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-023-00395-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-14DOI: 10.1007/s00049-023-00394-y
Anneline Mattens, Kin Ho Chan, Cintia Akemi Oi
Cuticular hydrocarbons serve as cues for nestmate recognition in Lasius ants, and the compound 3-MeC31 signals the queen’s fertility, acting as a queen pheromone to regulate reproductive division of labour. Juvenile hormone (JH) has been reported to inhibit reproduction in Lasius niger queens during vitellogenesis and oogenesis by modulating vitellogenin expression. The hormonal pleiotropy of juvenile hormone (JH) has been shown to affect fertility and the production of fertility cues in other social insects. The purpose of this study is to review the effect of JH on queen reproduction by looking at egg-laying rates in the early phases of nest foundation, as well as changes in chemical profiles and 3-MeC31 expression. Methoprene treatment led to an increase of 3-MeC31 production compared to precocene-treated queens; however, there was no increase in egg laying. Furthermore, chemical profiles of males and winged queens differed distinctly from the treated dealate queens.
{"title":"The effect of juvenile hormone on the chemical profile and fertility of Lasius niger queens","authors":"Anneline Mattens, Kin Ho Chan, Cintia Akemi Oi","doi":"10.1007/s00049-023-00394-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-023-00394-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cuticular hydrocarbons serve as cues for nestmate recognition in <i>Lasius</i> ants, and the compound 3-MeC31 signals the queen’s fertility, acting as a queen pheromone to regulate reproductive division of labour. Juvenile hormone (JH) has been reported to inhibit reproduction in <i>Lasius niger</i> queens during vitellogenesis and oogenesis by modulating vitellogenin expression. The hormonal pleiotropy of juvenile hormone (JH) has been shown to affect fertility and the production of fertility cues in other social insects. The purpose of this study is to review the effect of JH on queen reproduction by looking at egg-laying rates in the early phases of nest foundation, as well as changes in chemical profiles and 3-MeC31 expression. Methoprene treatment led to an increase of 3-MeC31 production compared to precocene-treated queens; however, there was no increase in egg laying. Furthermore, chemical profiles of males and winged queens differed distinctly from the treated dealate queens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138686662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We incidentally discovered that the larvae of Sasakia charonda (Hewitson, 1863) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Apaturinae) disturbed by ants, wasps, or humans release volatile compounds orally. To identify these substances, we collected oral odorant samples directly from the mouths of S. charonda larvae into volatile-collecting tubes. The trapped oral odorant samples were subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). We confirmed the identity of 19 substances by comparing them to GC results of known standards and inferred them to mainly be alcohols and aldehydes/ketones, with main chains of 4–5 carbons. Three of the chemicals in the oral odorant samples, 2-butanol, 1-penten-3-ol, and 3-pentanone, showed a repellant effect on the ants Pristomyrmex punctatus (Smith, 1860) and Formica japonica Motschoulsky, 1866 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). We also examined the effects of these 19 volatiles on Polistes spp. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and confirmed that some of them were effective repellants against these wasps. We propose that the substances we identified in this study can be used as defensive chemicals, analogous to the osmeterium emissions specific to Papilionidae butterflies. Furthermore, we examined the oral odorants of three related Japanese Apaturine species, Hestina assimilis (Linnaeus, 1758), H. persimilis (Westwood, 1850), and Apatura metis (Freyer, 1829) using the same approach. The chemical compositions of the oral odorants of H. assimilis and H. persimilis were similar to that of S. charonda, whereas that of A. metis differed. Some of the oral substances also induced a defensive response in conspecific Apaturinae larvae. We consider these substances to also act as alarm pheromones in these larvae.
{"title":"Larvae of Sasakia charonda (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Apaturinae) and three related species use oral odorants to repel ants and wasps","authors":"Taro Hayashi, Kaori Holikawa, Hisako Akiba, Takashi A. Inoue, Kinuko Niihara, Tatsuya Fukuda","doi":"10.1007/s00049-023-00391-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00049-023-00391-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We incidentally discovered that the larvae of <i>Sasakia charonda</i> (Hewitson, 1863) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Apaturinae) disturbed by ants, wasps, or humans release volatile compounds orally. To identify these substances, we collected oral odorant samples directly from the mouths of <i>S. charonda</i> larvae into volatile-collecting tubes. The trapped oral odorant samples were subjected to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). We confirmed the identity of 19 substances by comparing them to GC results of known standards and inferred them to mainly be alcohols and aldehydes/ketones, with main chains of 4–5 carbons. Three of the chemicals in the oral odorant samples, 2-butanol, 1-penten-3-ol, and 3-pentanone, showed a repellant effect on the ants <i>Pristomyrmex punctatus</i> (Smith, 1860) and <i>Formica japonica</i> Motschoulsky, 1866 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). We also examined the effects of these 19 volatiles on <i>Polistes</i> spp. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and confirmed that some of them were effective repellants against these wasps. We propose that the substances we identified in this study can be used as defensive chemicals, analogous to the osmeterium emissions specific to Papilionidae butterflies. Furthermore, we examined the oral odorants of three related Japanese Apaturine species, <i>Hestina assimilis</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), <i>H. persimilis</i> (Westwood, 1850), and <i>Apatura metis</i> (Freyer, 1829) using the same approach. The chemical compositions of the oral odorants of <i>H. assimilis</i> and <i>H. persimilis</i> were similar to that of <i>S. charonda</i>, whereas that of <i>A. metis</i> differed. Some of the oral substances also induced a defensive response in conspecific Apaturinae larvae. We consider these substances to also act as alarm pheromones in these larvae.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":515,"journal":{"name":"Chemoecology","volume":"33 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00049-023-00391-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42911760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}