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Complexity model and Mars colonization 复杂性模型和火星殖民
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1108/fs-05-2022-0057
W. Harris, Jarunee Wonglimpiyarat
PurposeThis paper aims to discuss the complexities and foresight of Mars colonization. There are many pioneers competing in a space race to Mars, for example, Elon Musk – SpaceX, Jeff Bezos – Blue Origin and Richard Branson – Virgin Orbit. The analyses are focused on the aerospace industry – the process of space adventures to Mars.Design/methodology/approachThis study offers new methodological approaches – the development of a complexity metric and system innovation mode – to analyze how the complexities relate to the systemic nature of innovation. The complexity metric and system innovation model can be applied in various industries. These analysis tools can help gain insights into the strategies for achieving the diffusion of commercial space.FindingsThe analyses of findings have shown that, despite various attempts among the pioneers in a space race to colonize Mars (Elon Musk – SpaceX, Jeff Bezos – Blue Origin and Richard Branson – Virgin Orbit, among others), the aerospace industry has not yet reached a stage of commercialization. The commercial space to Mars is of low systemic nature at present. Many companies compete in a space race to develop technologies on a proprietary basis. However, the highest complexity level suggests a multinational and intergovernmental collaboration to achieve economies of scale and economies of scope as well as accelerate the process of technology diffusion – successful commercial space for the interplanetary settlement.Originality/valueThe main contribution that shows originality and value of this paper is the development of a complexity metric and system innovation model which can be used to explore how the complexities relate to the systemic nature of innovation and how they relate to the strategies in managing technological innovations. The new methodological approaches can be used and applied to various industries.
本文旨在探讨火星殖民的复杂性和前瞻性。在火星的太空竞赛中,有许多先行者在竞争,例如,SpaceX的埃隆·马斯克,蓝色起源的杰夫·贝佐斯和维珍轨道的理查德·布兰森。分析的重点是航天工业——火星太空探险的过程。设计/方法/方法本研究提供了新的方法方法——复杂性度量和系统创新模式的发展——来分析复杂性如何与创新的系统性本质相关联。复杂性度量和系统创新模型可以应用于各个行业。这些分析工具有助于深入了解实现商业空间扩散的策略。对调查结果的分析表明,尽管太空竞赛的先驱者们进行了各种各样的殖民火星的尝试(埃隆·马斯克- SpaceX,杰夫·贝佐斯-蓝色起源和理查德·布兰森-维珍轨道等),但航空航天工业尚未达到商业化阶段。目前,飞往火星的商业空间的系统性较低。许多公司在太空竞赛中竞相开发基于专利的技术。然而,最高的复杂程度意味着多国和政府间合作,以实现规模经济和范围经济以及加速技术扩散的进程- -成功的星际定居商业空间。原创性/价值本文独创性和价值的主要贡献在于开发了一个复杂性度量和系统创新模型,该模型可用于探索复杂性如何与创新的系统性质相关联,以及它们如何与管理技术创新的策略相关联。新的方法方法可以应用于不同的行业。
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引用次数: 0
Iran’s approach to energy policy towards 2040: a participatory scenario method 伊朗2040年的能源政策:参与式情景方法
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1108/fs-11-2021-0228
R. Hafezi, Hossein Heirani, M. Akbari, Ahmad Mortezaee, Naser Bagherimoghaddam, Hamid Heydari, A. Souhankar
PurposeIn the case of Iran, about 19 years have passed since the announcement of general energy policies. Policies adopted in the past included too many approaches and goals for the energy sector that some of them are in conflict with each other and their simultaneous implementation was impossible. Therefore, many of the expected goals of these policies have not been achieved. It is very important to adopt an appropriate approach that is compatible with the country’s characteristics and can steer energy policies. Therefore, this study aims to adopt an appropriate approach for the country’s energy sector according to the conditions and needs of the country.Design/methodology/approachA participatory scenario technique is designed and used to develop plausible projections in the case of Iran’s energy futures. Based on the proposed methodology, the research process starts with data gathering through interviews and national plans analysis. Then, findings were used as inputs to a simulation-based scenario development process. Scenarios are developed based on Monte Carlo simulation via cross-impact analysis technique purified based on expert judgments.FindingsIn this paper, to recognize Iran’s general approach to energy in the next 20 years, driving forces of change were introduced and used as input for the scenario development phase. Results showed sanctions play a significant role in Iran’s energy future and determine the directions of other driving forces. For renewable energy, it was proposed to increase the renewable share in Iran’s electricity generation mix to 5% of the total installed capacity. In the case of fossil fuel extraction, the maximum efficient rate was proposed for both oil and natural gas national production strategy.Originality/valueThis research is novel both in terms of application and theory. A new participatory scenario development method is used using simulations that are equipped based on experts’ judgments. Also from the practical perspective, this research targeted a future-oriented challenging problem to initialize national policy in a resource-rich developing economy (i.e. Iran).
以伊朗为例,其总体能源政策的公布已经过去了19年。过去采取的政策包括能源部门的太多方法和目标,其中一些相互冲突,同时实施是不可能的。因此,这些政策的许多预期目标尚未实现。采取符合国情、能够引导能源政策的方法非常重要。因此,本研究旨在根据国家的条件和需要,为该国的能源部门采取适当的方法。设计/方法/方法设计并使用参与式情景技术来制定伊朗能源期货的合理预测。根据提出的方法,研究过程从通过访谈和国家计划分析收集数据开始。然后,研究结果被用作基于模拟的场景开发过程的输入。在蒙特卡罗模拟的基础上,通过专家判断纯化的交叉冲击分析技术,开发了场景。在本文中,为了认识伊朗未来20年的总体能源方针,引入了变革的驱动力,并将其作为情景发展阶段的输入。结果显示,制裁在伊朗的能源未来中发挥着重要作用,并决定了其他驱动力的方向。对于可再生能源,建议将可再生能源在伊朗发电组合中的份额增加到总装机容量的5%。以化石燃料开采为例,提出了石油和天然气国家生产战略的最大效率。独创性/价值这项研究在应用和理论上都是新颖的。采用基于专家判断的模拟,提出了一种参与式情景开发新方法。同样从实践角度出发,本研究针对一个面向未来的挑战性问题,在一个资源丰富的发展中经济体(即伊朗)初始化国家政策。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship between Twitter activity and stock performance: evidence from Turkish airline industry Twitter活动与股票表现的关系:来自土耳其航空业的证据
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.1108/fs-11-2021-0224
Javid Ismayil, Oguz Demir
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the correlation between the Twitter activity of two airline companies and their stock performance at the Istanbul Stock Exchange (BIST).Design/methodology/approachOverall, 113,018 tweets were divided into 34,152 semantic and 78,866 share tweets. Semantic tweets are tweets mentioning company’s products or services and were labeled manually and with deep learning models. Share tweets were divided into 13,618 relevant and 65,248 irrelevant tweets.FindingsA positive correlation was found between share tweets and stock performance. Semantic tweets did not display a correlation with stock performance. Relevant share tweets displayed as a strong correlation as all share tweets for one company. Also, the manual labeling of 8,000 tweets led to the discovery of many insights related to service provision in the airway industry, management of digital support channels, management of reputation on social media and using Twitter as a customer support platform.Practical implicationsRelevant share tweets comprise only 20% of all share tweets for one company and show the same level of correlation with stock performance. This means that the efficiency of business intelligence solutions created to monitor Twitter activity can be improved five times by saving computational power, network bandwidth and data storage.Originality/valuePrevious research has analyzed all Twitter activity taken together. By dividing tweets into semantic and share tweets, this paper illustrates that it is, in fact, share tweets that are correlated with stock performance and not semantic tweets.
本文的目的是分析两家航空公司的Twitter活动与其在伊斯坦布尔证券交易所(BIST)的股票表现之间的相关性。总体而言,113,018条推文被分为34152条语义推文和78,866条共享推文。语义推文是指提及公司产品或服务的推文,并通过人工标记和深度学习模型进行标记。分享推文被分为13618条相关推文和65248条不相关推文。发现微博分享与股票表现呈正相关。语义推文没有显示出与股票表现的相关性。相关的分享推文显示为强相关性,因为所有分享推文为一家公司。此外,通过对8000条推文进行人工标注,发现了许多与航空行业服务提供、数字支持渠道管理、社交媒体声誉管理以及将Twitter作为客户支持平台有关的见解。实际意义相关股票推文仅占一家公司所有股票推文的20%,并且与股票表现出相同水平的相关性。这意味着,通过节省计算能力、网络带宽和数据存储,为监控Twitter活动而创建的商业智能解决方案的效率可以提高五倍。原创性/价值之前的研究分析了所有Twitter活动。本文将推文分为语义推文和共享推文,说明实际上是共享推文与股票表现相关,而不是语义推文。
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引用次数: 0
An integrated FTA and games: exploring a strategic framework for developing the future 自由贸易协定与游戏的融合:探索未来发展的战略框架
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-01-25 DOI: 10.1108/fs-12-2021-0255
Simone Sartori, Sidnei Vieira Marinho
PurposeThe main objective of this research was to combine the integration between two fields of knowledge – future-oriented technology analysis (FTA) and games. This study aims to capture the stakeholders’ actions and decision-making in a procedural, interactive and collaborative way to find a vision of the future.Design/methodology/approachThe framework was designed from a literature review on the related research topics, exploring elements and methods, also how we brought the two fields together. The framework was structured in four steps: exploring – deciding – matching – evaluating. For each phase, deep reflections were described to understand the current situation, identify essential future issues and provide recommendations for action.FindingsOne attractive aspect of the FTA-games is the characteristics of each field but combined made it possible to evaluate future developments and trends. The elements present in games can boost FTA activities through interaction, engagement, experiences, collaboration and motivation, among other elements. Systematically, we seek to ensure traceability by identifying challenges, solutions, execution and results achieved and using tools and elements that make prospecting practical.Originality/valueThis article systematizes the connection between two fields in the form of a framework. At each stage of the framework, participants and strategists are challenged to seek solutions to future challenges, allowing these participants to engage in a common cause and make actions tangible. Game elements can be shaped to explore new avenues in FTA activities, as they are used in games in specific subject domains. These fields tend to be fragmented and are not integrated.
目的本研究的主要目的是将面向未来的技术分析(FTA)和游戏这两个知识领域的整合结合起来。本研究旨在以程序性、互动性和协作性的方式捕捉利益相关者的行动和决策,以寻找未来的愿景。设计/方法论/方法该框架是通过对相关研究主题的文献综述来设计的,探索了元素和方法,以及我们如何将两个领域结合在一起。该框架分为四个步骤:探索-决策-匹配-评估。对每个阶段都进行了深刻的思考,以了解目前的情况,确定今后的主要问题,并提出行动建议。自由贸易区游戏的一个吸引人的方面是每个领域的特点,但结合起来可以评估未来的发展和趋势。游戏中的元素可以通过互动、参与、体验、合作和动机等元素促进FTA活动。系统地,我们通过识别挑战、解决方案、执行和取得的结果,并使用使勘探可行的工具和元素,力求确保可追溯性。原创性/价值本文以框架的形式将两个领域之间的联系系统化。在框架的每个阶段,参与者和战略家都面临着寻求未来挑战的解决方案的挑战,允许这些参与者参与共同的事业并采取切实的行动。游戏元素可以在自由贸易协定活动中探索新的途径,因为它们被用于特定主题领域的游戏中。这些领域往往是碎片化的,没有整合。
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引用次数: 1
Innovation and economic performance of firms in national science & technology park, Islamabad, Pakistan 巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡国家科技园企业创新与经济绩效研究
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-01-06 DOI: 10.1108/fs-08-2021-0151
S. Ullah, Tooba Ahmad, T. Mehmood, A. Sami
PurposeScience and technology parks (STP) are established to facilitate innovation and the rapid development of cutting-edge technologies. The innovation performance of tenants is the primary feature of all successful STPs globally. The purpose of this study is to investigate firms’ innovation and economic performance at the National Science and Technology Park (NSTP), Islamabad, Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachThe CDM (the acronym of the three authors’ names, Crépon, Duguet and Mairesse) model following a two-stage approach was used to analyze the survey data of 105 tenants. The innovation performance of tenants was estimated through probit regression at Stage 1, and the economic performance of tenants given their innovation performance was examined at Stage II using Tobit regression and the Heckman model.FindingsThe findings suggest that compatibility of innovation with the existing competitive advantage of a firm increases the innovation performance of firms, whereas collaboration of firms with NUST for research and development has only a marginal effect on innovation performance. However, the tenant’s business and social networking were weak, possibly due to the short time spent on NSTP.Originality/valueThese STPs are expected to be hubs of technology development and transfer by fostering open innovation through internal and external collaborations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to estimate the innovation performance of tenants at NSTP, the first fully integrated STP in Pakistan. Despite shortcomings, the innovation and economic performance of NSTP tenants warrant further public policy support to inculcate open innovation culture.
目的建立科技园区是为了促进创新和尖端技术的快速发展。租户的创新表现是全球所有成功STP的主要特征。本研究的目的是调查巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡国家科技园(NSTP)的企业创新和经济绩效。设计/方法/方法CDM(三位作者名字的缩写,Crépon、Duguet和Mairesse)模型采用两阶段方法分析了105名租户的调查数据。在第1阶段,通过probit回归估计租户的创新绩效,在第2阶段,使用Tobit回归和Heckman模型检验租户在创新绩效下的经济绩效。研究结果表明,创新与企业现有竞争优势的兼容性提高了企业的创新绩效,而企业与NUST的研发合作对创新绩效的影响微乎其微。然而,租户的业务和社交网络较弱,可能是由于在NSTP上花费的时间较短。Originality/value这些STP有望通过内部和外部合作促进开放创新,成为技术开发和转让的中心。据作者所知,这是第一项评估NSTP租户创新绩效的研究,NSTP是巴基斯坦第一个完全集成的STP。尽管存在不足,但NSTP租户的创新和经济表现值得进一步的公共政策支持,以灌输开放的创新文化。
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引用次数: 1
A network analysis for providing insights into national R&D budget allocation and investment planning 为深入了解国家研发预算分配和投资规划而进行的网络分析
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1108/fs-10-2021-0201
C. Yang, Na-Hyun Cho
PurposeThis paper aims to shed light on the linkage between research and development (R&D) networks and public funding presented in a given period by using network-based evaluation tools as a means of exploring the relational dimension in public projects designed to foster technology R&D activities.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses co-occurrence network analysis of relevant public projects to assess how technological associations might occur within the R&D activities of given publicly funded projects as well as conducts correlation analysis to understand the extent to which linkages of R&D activity in technology fields are related to public expenditure.FindingsCore technology fields, regarded as eligible to receive continued public funding, are critical for enhancing competitiveness and sustainable growth at the nationally strategic technology level. Thus, the relationship between R&D and the level of government funding for these fields is generally perceived as strong. However, a few technology fields, which did not actively form specific network relationships with other technology fields, are considered to exceptionally drive the largest government support. This trend indicates that the government-funded R&D should be designed and managed not only to curb the inefficiencies existing in the current funding programs but also to achieve the appropriateness for further technology development.Research limitations/implicationsDespite the comprehensive findings, this study has several limitations. First, it is difficult to control any confounding factors, such as the determinants and constraints of the government budget allocation and expenditure decisions over S&T areas, strategic frameworks for public investment and evolving policy landscapes in technology sectors, which lead to bias in the study results. Second, this study is based on a narrow, single-year data set of a specific field of projects supported by the Korean government’s R&D program. Therefore, the generalization of findings may be limited. The authors assumed that influences caused by confounding variables during the initial phase of the public funding schemes would not be significant, but they did not take into account possible factors that might arise coincident with the subsequent phase changes. As such, the issue of confounding variables needs to be carefully considered in research design to provide alternative explanations for the results that have been ruled out. The limitations of this study, therefore, could be overcome by comparing the outcome difference between subsidized and non-subsidized R&D projects or evaluating targeted funding schemes or tax incentives that support and promote various areas of R&D with sufficiently large, evidence-based data sets. Also, future research must identify and analyze the R&D activities concerning public support programs performed in other countries associated with strategic priorities to provide more profound insigh
本文旨在通过使用基于网络的评估工具作为探索旨在促进技术研发活动的公共项目的关系维度的手段,揭示特定时期研究与开发(R&D)网络与公共资金之间的联系。本研究使用相关公共项目的共现网络分析来评估技术关联如何在给定公共资助项目的研发活动中发生,并进行相关分析以了解技术领域的研发活动与公共支出的联系程度。发现得分技术领域被认为有资格获得持续的公共资助,对提高国家战略技术层面的竞争力和可持续增长至关重要。因此,研发与政府对这些领域的资助水平之间的关系通常被认为是很强的。然而,少数没有积极与其他技术领域形成特定网络关系的技术领域被认为是例外地获得了最大的政府支持。这一趋势表明,政府资助研发的设计和管理不仅要遏制现有资助计划中存在的低效率,而且要实现进一步技术发展的适当性。研究局限性/启示尽管研究结果全面,但本研究仍有一些局限性。首先,难以控制政府在科技领域的预算分配和支出决策的决定因素和制约因素、公共投资的战略框架和技术部门不断变化的政策格局等混杂因素,导致研究结果存在偏差。其次,本研究基于韩国政府研发计划支持的特定领域项目的狭窄的单年数据集。因此,研究结果的推广可能是有限的。这组作者假设,在公共资助计划的初始阶段,混杂变量造成的影响不会很大,但是他们没有考虑到在随后的阶段变化中可能出现的因素。因此,在研究设计中需要仔细考虑混杂变量的问题,为已经排除的结果提供替代解释。因此,本研究的局限性可以通过比较补贴与非补贴研发项目之间的结果差异,或评估有针对性的资助计划或税收激励措施来克服,这些资助计划或税收激励措施支持和促进了具有足够大的基于证据的数据集的各个研发领域。此外,未来的研究必须识别和分析在其他国家开展的与战略重点相关的公共支持项目的研发活动,以提供更深刻的见解,了解它们之间的差异。第三,使用这些主要研究者提供的分类代码存在一些缺点,如主观性、不准确性和非代表性。这些限制可以通过使用基于内容的项目表示来解决,而不是使用预定义的代码。最后,通过纵向分析,可以更好地检验政府研发投入通过网络关系对材料和零部件科学与制造新技术的发展所起的作用。此外,研究结果表明,需要进一步研究将投入产出关系等绩效结果的计量经济模型整合到分析国民经济中研发部门之间资源和活动流动的网络分析中。因此,未来的研究将有助于制定一种方法学策略,分析公共资金对研发活动绩效和需求影响的时间趋势。公共资助计划及其预期的研发关系仍然依赖于一个框架来产生适当的环境,以领导和促进协调的研发活动,同时加强研究能力以提高技术竞争力。每个技术领域在研发发展中都有相对重要的作用,应该对其进行有效的管理和监督,以实现其研发预算的预期目标。因此,在设计和管理研发资助计划和战略驱动的研发关系时,应该定义和衡量使用每个技术领域资源的潜在收益和成本。 在这方面,政府资助的研发活动应该设计成发展或适应协调的项目评估,以便能够检查公共资助在多大程度上实现了培育研发网络的目标,平衡了政府资助的目的与研究人员和技术部门的需求。从这个意义上说,对公共研发关系的研究为研究表征研发活动的关系网络结构、研发项目的战略方向和预算分配的优先次序提供了一个平台。它还指出了解决公共资助研发活动对技术领域整体绩效影响的方法基础。独创性/价值这项工作的价值在于初步的探索性分析,提供了冶金、聚合物/化学/纤维和陶瓷领域的高水平快照,由韩国政府于2016年资助,旨在通过鼓励行业保持和扩大其能力来提高技术竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Integrating and determining Fintech value chain financing: a perspective of Islamic financial institutions 整合和确定金融科技价值链融资:伊斯兰金融机构的视角
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1108/fs-11-2021-0241
Sayeda Zeenat Maryam, Ashfaq Ahmad
PurposeIn the current era of technological advancement, it is becoming essential for financial institutions to serve through financial technology (Fintech). This study aims to integrate Fintech with value chain in existing system of Islamic financial institutions (IFIs) and to determine the adoption of Fintech value chain financing (FVCF) by IFIs in the presence of mediators.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines a conceptual model by performing a self-administration survey for 393 sample size. After the completion of data collection 263 suitable responses are used for analysis. The hypotheses are tested by applying algorithm, bootstrapping and blindfolding techniques.FindingsThe findings of structural model demonstrate that trust, information sharing (IS) and information and communication technology (ICT) are important for adoption of FVCF in the perspective of IFIs. Secondly, innovativeness is partially mediating the relationship of trust, IS and ICT for adoption of FVCF. Thirdly, competitiveness is fully mediating the relationship of trust, IS and ICT with agility for adoption of FVCF by IFIs.Research limitations/implicationsTheoretically, this research is developing a conceptual model that is providing a new way to integrate value chain partners. This study is demonstrating the sequential mediation for the adoption of FVCF. Practically, this research is giving meaningful insight to policymakers of IFIs by suggesting a way forward to adopt FVCF. However, there is need to know the perception of other stakeholders that may involve in FVCF.Originality/valueBecause there exists limited work in the context of integration and adoption of Fintech by organizations, this study is a pioneer that is taking the perspective of financial institutions for FVCF.
在当今科技进步的时代,金融机构通过金融科技(Fintech)提供服务变得至关重要。本研究旨在将金融科技与现有伊斯兰金融机构(IFIs)体系中的价值链整合起来,并确定IFIs在中介存在的情况下采用金融科技价值链融资(FVCF)。设计/方法/方法本文通过对393个样本进行自我管理调查来检验一个概念模型。数据收集完成后,263个合适的回答被用于分析。应用算法、自举和蒙眼技术对假设进行了验证。结构模型的研究结果表明,从金融机构的角度来看,信任、信息共享(IS)和信息通信技术(ICT)对FVCF的采用至关重要。其次,创新在信任、信息技术和信息通信技术对FVCF采用的影响中起到部分中介作用。第三,竞争力充分中介了信任、信息技术和信息通信技术与金融机构采用FVCF的敏捷性之间的关系。从理论上讲,本研究正在开发一个概念模型,为价值链合作伙伴的整合提供了一种新的途径。本研究证明了FVCF采用的顺序中介作用。实际上,本研究通过提出采用FVCF的方法,为国际金融机构的决策者提供了有意义的见解。然而,有必要了解可能涉及FVCF的其他利益相关者的看法。原创性/价值由于在组织整合和采用金融科技的背景下存在有限的工作,因此本研究是采用金融机构视角进行FVCF的先驱。
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引用次数: 2
Aerospace financing towards Mars commercialisation 面向火星商业化的航空航天融资
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2022-12-14 DOI: 10.1108/fs-12-2021-0258
W. Harris, Jarunee Wonglimpiyarat
PurposeThis paper aims to explore the financing mechanisms towards Mars commercialisation and SpaceX’s Mars mission programme to achieve the interplanetary settlement. This study also suggests the path to avoid the failure of space commercialisation.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a case study methodology (Eisenhardt, 1989; Yin, 2013). The analysis is based on the construct of technology S-curves and attempts to answer the research question: What are the financing mechanisms to achieve successful aerospace financing for Mars mission? This research used semi-structured questionnaire and conducted 51 in-depth interviews. The interview data were supported by an examination of secondary data to provide a cross check on the validity of research (Yin, 2013). The research findings provide lessons and insights into the challenges of aerospace financing to Mars.FindingsThis study has shown that financing via cryptocurrency and initial coin offering as well as crowdfunding (particularly donation- and equity-based crowdfunding) provide promising financial solutions to achieve Mars commercialisation. The implementation of Mars programme demonstrates the fifth generation of innovation development model – systems integration and extensive networking model.Originality/valueGiven a dearth of study focusing on the links between S-curves and technology financing of aerospace commercialisation, this research study attempts to fill a gap in this neglected area with a focus on exploring the financing mechanisms towards Mars commercialisation.
目的本文旨在探讨火星商业化的融资机制和SpaceX实现行星际和解的火星任务计划。这项研究还提出了避免太空商业化失败的途径。设计/方法论/方法本研究采用案例研究方法(Eisenhardt,1989;尹,2013)。该分析基于技术S曲线的构建,试图回答以下研究问题:火星任务成功获得航空航天融资的融资机制是什么?本研究采用半结构化问卷,进行了51次深度访谈。访谈数据得到了二次数据检查的支持,以对研究的有效性进行交叉检查(Yin,2013)。研究结果为火星航空融资的挑战提供了经验教训和见解。这项研究表明,通过加密货币和首次代币发行以及众筹(特别是基于捐赠和股权的众筹)进行融资,为实现火星商业化提供了有前景的金融解决方案。火星计划的实施展示了第五代创新发展模式——系统集成和广泛联网模式。原创性/价值鉴于缺乏关注S曲线与航空航天商业化技术融资之间联系的研究,本研究试图填补这一被忽视领域的空白,重点探索火星商业化的融资机制。
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引用次数: 0
A new shape of the supply chain during the COVID-19 pandemic 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间供应链的新形态
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.1108/FS-04-2022-0035
Yui-yip Lau, Ranjith P.V., Chan Eve Man Hin, Maneerat Kanrak, A. Varma
PurposeThe COVID-19 pandemic has created a new normal for international business (IB) activities, leaving them pondering their next steps. The decreasing effectiveness of current vaccines to protect individuals against new variants have created uncertainty on how to respond to the new waves of the COVID-19 infection. This study aims to empirically assesses how IBs perceive the unfolding challenges in the supply chain due to the pandemic and the solutions.Design/methodology/approachThe survey data is obtained from 166 logistics professionals in Hong Kong and India.FindingsThe results reveal that returns on investment, logistics, delays and imports are the most affected areas. The most often recommended solutions for supply chain management (SCM) include using local manufacturing capabilities, analytics and automation, offering better customer service, providing more effective transportation means, ensuring diligence around optimization and focusing on sustainability.Originality/valueThe findings of this study help to improve supply chain operations. This study also provides recommendations for changes to SCM in response to the new normal.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行为国际商业活动创造了新常态,让他们思考下一步该怎么走。当前疫苗在保护个体免受新变异侵害方面的有效性不断下降,这给如何应对新一波COVID-19感染带来了不确定性。本研究旨在通过实证评估企业如何看待疫情带来的供应链挑战及其解决方案。设计/方法/方法调查数据来自香港和印度的166名物流专业人士。研究结果显示,投资回报、物流、延误和进口是受影响最大的领域。最常被推荐的供应链管理(SCM)解决方案包括利用本地制造能力、分析和自动化、提供更好的客户服务、提供更有效的运输手段、确保围绕优化的勤奋和关注可持续性。原创性/价值本研究的发现有助于改善供应链运作。本研究也提供了SCM因应新常态变化的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Le futur comme bien public: décoloniser le futur par la recherche-action participative anticipatoire 未来作为公共产品:通过预期的参与性行动研究实现未来非殖民化
IF 2 Q3 REGIONAL & URBAN PLANNING Pub Date : 2022-11-08 DOI: 10.1108/fs-08-2022-0090
R. Bourgeois, Kwamou Eva Feukeu, Geci Karuri-Sebina
ObjectifL'objectif visé est de nourrir les réflexions sur la colonisation du futur dans le présent en mettant particulièrement l’accent sur le continent africain. Nous visons à explorer comment la recherche participative, et plus particulièrement la recherche-action anticipatoire, peut contribuer au processus de décolonisation effective.Conception/méthodologie/approcheConsidérant le futur comme un bien public, nous mobilisons une réflexion sur les processus coloniaux qui l’ont transformé, à bien des égards, en bien de club ou en bien privé. Nous faisons ensuite appel aux notions de production participative de connaissances et de recherche-action locale comme moyens de décoloniser le futur et de libérer l'imagination. Nous revisitons ensuite les principes de la recherche-action participative pour atteindre cet objectif et nous examinons les principales caractéristiques d'une recherche-action anticipatoire non coloniale dans le contexte des futurs de l'Afrique.RésultatsNous mettons en évidence les défis issus de la relation entre les efforts d'anticipation axés sur la recherche-action, la création d'une intelligence collective et la co-conception (codesign), dans le but d'encourager le processus de décolonisation. Cette démarche inclut des principes de conception, établit les bases pour un processus anticipatoire, potentiellement décolonial et envisage une possible réaction du système dominant à l’encontre de ce processus de décolonisation.Implications/limitationsIl s’agit d’un travail conceptuel, qui ne fournit pas d’éléments testés sur le terrain. Toutefois, nous espérons que cela constituera un apport permettant de concevoir des méthodologies qui préviendront la colonisation du futur lors de la participation à des activités de recherche tournées vers les futurs en Afrique et ailleurs.Originalité/valeurNous proposons une approche intégrale de la colonisation du futur, comme renouvellement d’une question ancienne. Nous articulons également cette démarche autour d’une réflexion sur la nature de ce que pourrait être une recherche-action anticipatoire décoloniale.
目标目标是促进对当前未来殖民的思考,特别强调非洲大陆。我们旨在探讨参与性研究,特别是前瞻性行动研究如何有助于有效的非殖民化进程。设计/方法/方法将未来视为一种公共产品,我们动员对殖民进程的反思,这些进程在许多方面将其转变为俱乐部产品或私人产品。然后,我们呼吁参与性知识生产和地方行动研究的概念,作为实现未来非殖民化和释放想象力的手段。然后,我们重新审视参与性行动研究的原则,以实现这一目标,并在非洲未来的背景下审查非殖民地前瞻性行动研究的主要特点。结果我们强调了行动研究、集体智慧创造和共同设计(共同设计)之间的预期努力关系所产生的挑战,以鼓励非殖民化进程。这一方法包括设计原则,为预期的、潜在的非殖民化进程奠定基础,并设想主导系统可能对非殖民化进程作出反应。含义/限制这是一项概念性工作,不提供现场测试的要素。然而,我们希望,这将有助于制定方法,通过参与非洲和其他地方面向未来的研究活动,防止未来的殖民。独创性/价值我们提出了一种对未来殖民的整体方法,作为一个古老问题的更新。我们还围绕着对非殖民化预期行动研究性质的反思来阐述这一方法。
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引用次数: 0
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Foresight
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