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Capitalizing on nature: a critical discourse study of nature policy concerning the Murchison Falls Conservation Area of Uganda 利用自然:乌干达默奇森瀑布保护区自然政策的批判性话语研究
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-11 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1999838
D. Olanya, Anne Grethe Julius Pedersen, I. Lassen
ABSTRACT This article explores discursive struggles between ideologies of nature development and nature conservation discourses in the context of the Murchison Falls Conservation Area (MFCA) in Uganda. Based on the concepts of critical discourse moments and discourse coalitions, the article offers a nuanced perspective on nature policy in a specific, though not unique, context. The purpose of studying tensions between different positions in nature policy from a critical discourse perspective is to increase the awareness of the role of discourse coalitions in the struggles. Thus, the study aims at enhancing the understanding of different interests by creating awareness about the conflict potential regarding the MFCA.
摘要本文以乌干达默奇森瀑布保护区为背景,探讨了自然发展意识形态与自然保护话语之间的话语斗争。基于关键话语时刻和话语联盟的概念,本文在一个特定但并非独特的背景下,对自然政策提供了一个细致入微的视角。从批判性话语的角度研究自然政策中不同立场之间的紧张关系,目的是提高人们对话语联盟在斗争中作用的认识。因此,本研究旨在通过提高对MFCA潜在冲突的认识,增强对不同利益的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Institutionalizing deliberative mini-publics? Issues of legitimacy and power for randomly selected assemblies in political systems 将审慎的小型公众制度化?政治制度中随机选择的集会的合法性和权力问题
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.2000453
Dimitri Courant
ABSTRACT Randomly selected deliberative mini-publics (DMPs) are on the rise globally. However, they remain ad hoc, opening the door to arbitrary manoeuvre and triggering a debate on their future institutionalization. What are the competing proposals aiming at institutionalizing DMPs within political systems? I suggest three ways for thinking about institutionalization: in terms of temporality, of legitimacy and support, and of power and role within a system. First, I analyze the dimension of time and how this affect DMP institutional designs. Second, I argue that because sortition produces ‘weak representatives’ with ‘humility-legitimacy’, mini-publics hardly ever make binding decisions and need to rely on external sources of legitimacies. Third, I identify four institutional models, relying on opposing views of legitimacy and politics: tamed consultation, radical democracy, representative klerocracy and hybrid polyarchy. They differ in whether mini-publics are interpreted as tools: for legitimizing elected officials; to give power to the people; or as a mean to suppress voting .
摘要随机选择的审议性小型公众(DMP)在全球范围内呈上升趋势。然而,它们仍然是临时性的,为任意操纵打开了大门,并引发了关于其未来制度化的辩论。旨在使矿产石油部在政治体系内制度化的相互竞争的提案是什么?我提出了三种思考制度化的方法:从时间性、合法性和支持性以及制度内的权力和作用的角度。首先,我分析了时间维度以及这对DMP制度设计的影响。其次,我认为,由于排序产生了具有“谦逊合法性”的“弱势代表”,小型公众几乎从不做出有约束力的决定,需要依赖合法性的外部来源。第三,我确定了四种制度模式,它们依赖于对合法性和政治的对立观点:温和的协商、激进的民主、代议制和混合多政体。他们的不同之处在于,小型公众是否被解释为工具:使民选官员合法化;把权力交给人民;或者作为压制投票的手段。
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引用次数: 3
Democracy in a time of misery: from spectacular tragedy to deliberative action 苦难时期的民主:从壮观的悲剧到深思熟虑的行动
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-18 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1991417
Afsoun Afsahi
take the form of several other forms of ideational power, like frames and paradigms. Miller later lays out a distinction between narratives and stories, with little clear demarcation separating the two. This problem points to a larger issue within this approach: speaking past the mainstream of policy studies. While the philosophical gap between the Narrative Politics approach, which Miller bases in alethic relativism (123), and positivist approaches to policy studies is wide, engaging more with certain concepts rather than throwing them out with the bathwater could lead the two approaches to speak to one another more readily. For example, it is unclear how the concept of ‘cultural evolution’ is a significant improvement from related concepts like policy change or policy learning. Miller concludes the book with an examination of the value of the Narrative Politics approach and a discussion of the ultimate role of the scholar curator. The stated goals of the approach, to catalog competing truth claims and better understand the other, are laudable and important. Now, more than ever, we should be making concerted efforts to better understand the motivations and meanings behind narratives that we may find distasteful and make efforts to engage with those with whom we disagree. But should scholars not seek to do more than catalog competing narratives? Without a firm basis for making truth claims of our own, how can we speak back to the narratives of oppressive forces? Is the curator not ultimately as detached from their subject as the scientist is from hers? Ultimately, Narrative Politics in Public Policy is a thought-provoking and compelling addition to the literature on the politics of storytelling, and the evolution of cannabis policy in the United States. The Narrative Politics approach has the capacity to contribute to our knowledge of various other policy fields, and I hope that other scholars will take up the approach and develop it.
采取其他几种形式的概念力,如框架和范式。米勒后来对叙事和故事进行了区分,几乎没有明确的界限将两者区分开来。这个问题指向了这种方法中的一个更大的问题:超越政策研究的主流。虽然米勒以整体相对主义(123)为基础的叙事政治方法与政策研究的实证主义方法之间的哲学差距很大,但更多地参与某些概念,而不是把它们扔进洗澡水里,可能会使这两种方法更容易相互交流。例如,目前尚不清楚“文化进化”的概念是如何从政策变化或政策学习等相关概念中得到显著改进的。米勒在书的结尾考察了叙事政治方法的价值,并讨论了学者策展人的最终角色。该方法的既定目标,即对相互竞争的真相主张进行编目,并更好地理解对方,是值得称赞和重要的。现在,我们比以往任何时候都更应该共同努力,更好地理解我们可能感到厌恶的叙事背后的动机和含义,并努力与我们不同意的人接触。但是,学者们难道不应该寻求做更多的事情来编目相互竞争的叙述吗?如果没有我们自己提出真相主张的坚实基础,我们怎么能反驳压迫势力的说法?策展人最终是否不像科学家那样脱离他们的主题?最终,《公共政策中的叙事政治》是关于讲故事政治和美国大麻政策演变的文献的一个发人深省和引人注目的补充。叙事政治方法有能力为我们了解其他各个政策领域做出贡献,我希望其他学者也能采用这种方法并加以发展。
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引用次数: 18
Department heads enacting gender balance policies: navigating voices of ambiguity and concern 制定性别平衡政策的部门主管:引导模棱两可和关切的声音
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-15 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1991822
V. Lagesen, Ivana Suboticki
ABSTRACT Local leaders in academia have been perceived as resisting the role as change agents for gender balance. Employing a concept of voices inspired by Bakhtin, we found that department heads has to negotiate ambiguous and blurred voices from the leadership as well as critical and concerned voices from employees which lead them to thread carefully when enacting gender balance policies. Thus, there is considerable space for leadership to facilitate department heads work with gender balance by allowing them more space for agency and provide support to give them more authority and legitimacy as change agents. This would also help department heads in their attempts of destabilizing a one-dimensional and simplistic view of meritocracy and their enactments of more radical interpretations of gender balance policies.
学术界的地方领导人一直被认为抵制作为性别平衡变革推动者的角色。采用巴赫金启发的声音概念,我们发现部门主管必须与领导层的模糊和模糊的声音以及员工的批评和关注的声音进行谈判,这导致他们在制定性别平衡政策时小心翼翼。因此,领导层有相当大的空间来促进部门主管的性别平衡工作,允许他们有更多的代理空间,并提供支持,赋予他们更多的权力和合法性,作为变革的推动者。这也将有助于部门主管们试图动摇对精英管理的片面和简单化的看法,并制定对性别平衡政策更激进的解释。
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引用次数: 4
Accounting from below: activists confront outsourcing in a London borough 自下而上的会计:激进分子在伦敦一个自治市镇面对外包
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-11 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1989006
Chris Hurl
ABSTRACT Drawing on a case study of Barnet, an outer borough of London (UK), this article discusses the challenges that activists face in making sense of local government in the neoliberal era. With the aim of making things more ‘direct’, ‘open’, and ‘streamlined,’ the borough’s council decided in 2008 to outsource the bulk of its services in two large contracts to the professional service firm Capita Plc. However, contrary to the image of institutional transparency presented, this article demonstrates that the large-scale outsourcing of services has contributed to the emergence of complex contractualized governance arrangements that raise new problems of legibility. Drawing from the methodological insights of Institutional Ethnography, I investigate how generating knowledge about such arrangements has posed a problem for local residents and community groups who have sought to understand the relationships under which their services are designed, financed, and delivered. Through infrastructures of dissent, I explore how local residents have developed strategies for investigating service arrangements, interrogating claims to value and efficiency, and exposing institutional blindspots in service provision. The article concludes by discussing the epistemological problems posed by neoliberal governance arrangements today, and how they raise challenges for those who confront them.
本文以英国伦敦外区巴尼特为例,探讨了新自由主义时代活动人士在理解地方政府时所面临的挑战。为了让事情变得更“直接”、“开放”和“精简”,2008年,自治市议会决定将其大部分服务外包给专业服务公司Capita Plc。然而,与所呈现的制度透明度的形象相反,本文表明,大规模的服务外包导致了复杂的合同化治理安排的出现,从而引发了新的易读性问题。从制度人种学的方法论见解中,我研究了如何产生关于这种安排的知识,这给当地居民和社区团体带来了一个问题,他们试图了解他们的服务是在这种关系下设计、资助和交付的。通过不同意见的基础设施,我探索了当地居民如何制定策略来调查服务安排,质疑价值和效率的要求,并暴露服务提供中的制度盲点。文章最后讨论了当今新自由主义治理安排所带来的认识论问题,以及它们如何给那些面对它们的人带来挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Understanding institutional dynamics in participatory governance: how rules, practices and narratives combine to produce stability or diverge to create conditions for change 理解参与式治理中的制度动态:规则、实践和叙事如何结合起来产生稳定或分歧,为变革创造条件
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1984265
I. Blanco, Vivien Lowndes, Y. Salazar
ABSTRACT Participatory governance is institutionalised to the extent that it shapes the behaviour of decision-makers and citizens. Participation policies that do not change established behaviour have limited, if any, impact. But what are the mechanisms whereby participatory governance becomes institutionalised? Using a case study of Barcelona, the paper analyses the relationship between formal rules, informal practices and narratives. Drawing on 90 interviews, the paper argues that in the context of neoliberal austerity formal rules proved surprisingly resilient, but informal practices and narratives became increasingly dis-aligned as civil society actors developed innovative approaches and more insistent demands. These novel informal practices and narratives subsequently underpinned the renaissance in participatory governance associated with the 2015-2019 Barcelona en Comú government. The paper makes theoretical and practical contributions regarding the drivers of stability and change. While formal rules may endure over time, dynamism in participatory governance depends upon the relationship between rules, practices and narratives.
参与式治理在一定程度上是制度化的,它塑造了决策者和公民的行为。不改变既定行为的参与政策影响有限。但是,参与式治理制度化的机制是什么?本文以巴塞罗那为例,分析了正式规则、非正式实践和叙事之间的关系。根据90次采访,该论文认为,在新自由主义紧缩的背景下,正式规则被证明具有惊人的弹性,但随着民间社会行为者发展出创新的方法和更坚持的要求,非正式的做法和叙事变得越来越不一致。这些新颖的非正式做法和叙事随后支撑了2015-2019年巴塞罗那政府参与式治理的复兴。本文对稳定和变化的驱动因素做出了理论和实践贡献。虽然正式规则可能会随着时间的推移而持续,但参与式治理的活力取决于规则、实践和叙事之间的关系。
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引用次数: 7
The politics of making Finland an experimenting nation 使芬兰成为一个实验性国家的政治
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1985549
Helena Leino, M. Åkerman
ABSTRACT As atop-level national policy agenda, the Experimental Finland initiative (2015-2019) opens up an opportunity to investigate the politics of the nationally promoted experimental turn. We examine how the state launched agovernmental-level project aiming for the whole nation to become experimental. The Experimental Finland initiative was Prime Minister Juha Sipilä’s governmental Spearhead Programmes 2015-2019. This paper explores the underlying politics revealed by the implementation of Experimental Finland by asking:1) what kind of evidence concerning the barriers and obstacles of experimental culture was included and excluded in the national evaluation of the Experimental Finland programme, and2) how did the understanding of those barriers differ when compared to local level experiments? We argue that as experiments are expected to facilitate learning, they instead cause ambiguities in the organizational routines and imbalances in the existing power relations between different actors and actor groups.
作为国家高层政策议程,实验芬兰倡议(2015-2019)为研究国家推动的实验转向的政治提供了机会。我们考察了国家如何启动政府层面的项目,旨在全国成为实验性的。实验芬兰倡议是总理尤哈Sipilä 2015-2019年政府先锋计划。本文通过以下问题探讨了实验芬兰的实施所揭示的潜在政治:1)关于实验文化障碍和障碍的哪些证据被纳入和排除在实验芬兰计划的国家评估中,以及2)与地方层面的实验相比,对这些障碍的理解有何不同?我们认为,由于实验被期望促进学习,它们反而导致了组织惯例的模糊性和不同参与者和参与者群体之间现有权力关系的不平衡。
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引用次数: 4
A tale of the digital future: analyzing the digitalization of the norwegian education system 数字未来的故事:挪威教育系统的数字化分析
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-23 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1982397
Øyunn Syrstad Høydal, Marit Haldar
ABSTRACT Schools are central in sustaining and extending values in society and therefore in shaping future society. While the global trend of education digitalization, commonly is presented as a depoliticized project of improvement, this paper seeks to uncover the values of the digital school as expressed in the strategy for the digitalization of the Norwegian education system. Inspired by Bacchi’s‘WPR approach, the findings reveal that digitalization involves establishing a problem and a solution through discourses or narratives of education, working life, and the future.Given this problem representation and sociotechnical imaginary of the future, the school’s main goal becomes to provide digitally competent future citizen-workers. The educational ideal of The Nordic model, and ideas of humanism and solidarity are not emphasized. Hence, the digital school reflects a neoliberal economy rather than values traditionally associated with the welfare state.
学校是维持和扩展社会价值观的核心,因此也是塑造未来社会的核心。虽然教育数字化的全球趋势通常被认为是一个非政治化的改进项目,但本文试图揭示挪威教育系统数字化战略中所表达的数字学校的价值观。受巴奇“PR方法”的启发,研究结果表明,数字化涉及通过教育、工作生活和未来的话语或叙事来确定问题和解决方案。考虑到这一问题的代表性和对未来的社会技术想象,学校的主要目标是提供具有数字能力的未来公民工作者。北欧模式的教育理想,以及人文主义和团结的思想没有得到强调。因此,数字学校反映的是新自由主义经济,而不是传统上与福利国家相关的价值观。
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引用次数: 6
Problematizing policy: a semantic history of the word ‘policy’ in the Indonesian language 政策问题:印尼语“政策”一词的语义史
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-09-06 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1974504
Zulfa Sakhiyya
ABSTRACT This article uses a cultural materialism approach that combines Williams’ keyword analysis with Sum and Jessop’s cultural political economy to problematize the word ‘policy’ by taking the case of Indonesia. This combination offers a way to be more reflective of political discourses, especially their keywords. The examination shows that while the domain of policy has always been political, in the Indonesian context specifically, the term ‘policy’ itself has been politicized. Focusing on the keyword ‘policy’, I examine the selection, retention, and institutionalization of the word across policy speeches, policy documents, dictionaries, and public debates. I argue that the construction of the word policy as ‘wise’ has been made through the cloak of wisdom in order to build an apolitical image of policy processes. The insights from lexical semantics serve to enhance the debate in the cultural policy domain wherein policy discourse and the ambiguity of language plays a central role.
摘要本文运用文化唯物主义方法,将Williams的关键词分析与Sum和Jessop的文化政治经济学相结合,以印度尼西亚为例,对“政策”一词进行了问题化处理。这种组合提供了一种更能反映政治话语的方式,尤其是它们的关键词。审查表明,尽管政策领域一直是政治性的,但特别是在印度尼西亚,“政策”一词本身已经被政治化了。围绕关键词“政策”,我研究了政策演讲、政策文件、词典和公共辩论中该词的选择、保留和制度化。我认为,“明智”一词的构建是通过智慧的外衣进行的,目的是建立政策过程的非政治形象。词汇语义学的见解有助于加强文化政策领域的辩论,其中政策话语和语言的歧义起着核心作用。
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引用次数: 3
Translating behavioral public policy into practice: Interpretations and traditions 将行为公共政策转化为实践:解释与传统
IF 1.5 3区 社会学 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-08-31 DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2021.1973525
S. Ball
ABSTRACT Behavioral public policy (BPP) has become increasingly popular with governments across the globe but what defines it in practice? It is not a concrete concept, encompassing a series of instruments, evaluation methods and theoretical influences. Using the findings from an ethnographic study of a behavioral insights team in the Australian Government this paper interrogates how BPP has been translated from these discrete components into practice by policymakers. This research posits that a significant degree of adaptation has taken place during this translation process. Participants could be referring to multiple different things when speaking about and implementing BPP, sometimes even communicating at cross-purposes. This paper incorporates Bevir and Rhodes ‘traditions’ to existing policy translation research to further interrogate how actors make meaning from and adapt ideas like BPP. This framework makes it possible to explore which translations carry greater influence and asks what this means for the BPP agenda moving forward.
行为公共政策(BPP)越来越受到全球各国政府的欢迎,但在实践中如何定义它?它不是一个具体的概念,它包含了一系列的工具、评价方法和理论影响。利用澳大利亚政府行为洞察小组的民族志研究结果,本文探讨了政策制定者如何将BPP从这些离散的组成部分转化为实践。本研究认为,在翻译过程中发生了很大程度的适应。在谈论和实施BPP时,参与者可能指的是多种不同的事情,有时甚至是在交叉目的下进行交流。本文将Bevir和Rhodes的“传统”结合到现有的政策翻译研究中,以进一步探究行为者如何从BPP这样的想法中获得意义并加以适应。该框架使探索哪些翻译具有更大的影响力成为可能,并询问这对BPP议程的推进意味着什么。
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引用次数: 2
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Critical Policy Studies
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