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A Personalized Remote Video-Feedback Universal Parenting Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial. 个性化远程视频反馈通用育儿计划:一项随机对照试验。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a9
Maria Beatriz M Linhares, Elisa R P Altafim, Cláudia M Gaspardo, Rebeca C de Oliveira

The randomized controlled trial examined the efficacy of a personalized remote video feedback parenting program to improve parenting and child behavior outcomes. Ninety-two mothers of 2-6-year-old children were randomly allocated into the intervention group (n = 50) and waiting-list control group (n = 42). The Strengthening Bonds preventive program was performed to improve positive parenting. The mothers participated in one in-person group session. During six weeks, the mothers received, via smartphone, remote personalized video feedback about their mother-child interactions in a play situation. Parenting was the primary outcome, and child behavior was the secondary one. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were performed. The generalized estimating equation analysis showed no significant results in the intention-to-treat (ITT). In the treatment-on-the-treated (TOT), there were statistically significant effects of the intervention decreasing mothers' coercive parenting practices and child behavior problems. The structural equation model analysis showed that the intervention-induced reductions in children's behavior problems were mediated by improvements in coercive practices. There was a direct effect of the intervention to improve the parental sense of competence. Despite the null findings in the ITT analysis, the TOT analysis showed promising results to strengthen positive parenting behaviors and beliefs and reduce child behavior problems.

这项随机对照试验检验了个性化远程视频反馈育儿计划对改善育儿和儿童行为结果的有效性。92名2-6岁儿童的母亲随机分为干预组(n = 50)和等候组(n = 42)。加强纽带预防计划的实施是为了改善积极的养育方式。母亲们参加了一次面对面的小组会议。在六周的时间里,母亲们通过智能手机收到了关于母亲和孩子在游戏环境中互动的远程个性化视频反馈。养育子女是主要的结果,孩子的行为是次要的。进行干预前和干预后的评估。广义估计方程分析显示治疗意向(ITT)无显著结果。在治疗对治疗组(TOT)中,干预对降低母亲强制性育儿行为和儿童行为问题有显著的统计学意义。结构方程模型分析表明,干预导致的儿童行为问题的减少是通过强制性行为的改善来调节的。干预对提高父母的能力感有直接影响。尽管在ITT分析中发现无效,但TOT分析显示出有希望的结果,可以加强积极的父母行为和信念,减少儿童行为问题。
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引用次数: 2
The Incredible Years Parenting and Child Treatment Programs: A Randomized Controlled Trial in a Child Welfare Setting in Spain. 难以置信的岁月养育和儿童治疗方案:在西班牙儿童福利设置的随机对照试验。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a2
Ignacia Arruabarrena, Gabriela R Rivas, María Cañas, Joaquín De Paúl

Incredible Years (IY) is a well-established multicomponent group-based program designed to promote young children's emotional and social competence, to prevent and treat child behavioral and emotional problems, and to improve parenting practices and the parent-child relationship. This study presents the first randomized controlled trial carried out in Spain to test the effectiveness of the Incredible Years Basic Parenting and Small Group Dinosaur Programs in a sample of families involved in child welfare due to substantiated or risk for child maltreatment. One hundred and eleven families with 4- to 8-year-old children were randomly allocated to IY or to a control group who received standard services. Baseline, post-intervention, and 12-month follow-up assessments were compared. Results showed that compared to the control group, the IY intervention made a significant positive difference in parents' observed and reported use of praise, and a significant reduction in reported use of inconsistent discipline, parenting stress, depressive symptomatology, and perception of child behavior problems. A full serial mediation effect was found between participation in IY, changes in parenting practices, subsequent parenting stress reduction, and both final child abuse potential reduction and perception of child behavior problems. No moderating influence on IY effects was found. Findings provide evidence that transporting the IY Basic Parenting and the Small Group Dinosaur Programs with fidelity is feasible in Child Welfare Services in Spain.

不可思议的岁月(IY)是一个建立良好的多组成部分的以团体为基础的项目,旨在提高幼儿的情感和社会能力,预防和治疗儿童的行为和情感问题,并改善父母的做法和亲子关系。这项研究提出了在西班牙进行的第一个随机对照试验,以测试不可思议的岁月基本育儿和小组恐龙计划在涉及儿童福利的家庭样本中的有效性,因为证实或有虐待儿童的风险。111个有4到8岁孩子的家庭被随机分配到IY或接受标准服务的对照组。比较基线、干预后和12个月随访评估。结果显示,与对照组相比,IY干预在父母观察和报告的表扬使用方面产生了显著的正差异,在报告的不一致纪律、养育压力、抑郁症状和对儿童行为问题的感知方面显著减少。参与IY、父母教养方式的改变、随后父母教养压力的减轻以及最终儿童虐待可能性的降低和对儿童行为问题的感知之间存在完整的串行中介效应。未发现对IY效应有调节作用。研究结果提供了证据,证明在西班牙儿童福利服务中忠实地传递IY基本养育和小群体恐龙计划是可行的。
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引用次数: 4
Bullying, Cyberbullying and Mental Health: The Role of Student Connectedness as a School Protective Factor. 欺凌,网络欺凌和心理健康:学生联系作为学校保护因素的作用。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a1
Beatriz Lucas-Molina, Alicia Pérez-Albéniz, Irene Solbes-Canales, Javier Ortuño-Sierra, Eduardo Fonseca-Pedrero

Traditional bullying and cyberbullying are linked to adverse mental health outcomes. Student connectedness has been recently identified as a potential protective factor in these relationships. Nonetheless, the multilevel nature of these interactions has been frequently overlooked. The present study pretends to fill this gap by exploring the associations between individual levels of bullying and cyberbullying and three adjustment outcomes (i.e., suicidal behavior, symptoms of depression, and self-esteem), as well as the moderating role of the school level of student connectedness on these relationships. The participants in this work were 1,774 students aged 14-18 years (M = 15.70, SD = 1.26), of which 53.7% were female, from 31 secondary schools in Spain. We used previously validated self-reported questionnaires in this study. Traditional victimization and cybervictimization, as well as cyberbullying, were positively related to suicidal behavior and depression, and were negatively related to self-esteem. Conversely, individual levels of student connectedness were associated with lower levels of suicidal behavior and depression, and with higher levels of self-esteem. Moreover, school levels of student connectedness buffered the adjustment problems experienced by victims of cyberbullying. These findings highlight the importance of student connectedness as a possible target for school-based cyberbullying prevention.

传统欺凌和网络欺凌与不良的心理健康结果有关。学生之间的联系最近被认为是这些关系中潜在的保护因素。然而,这些相互作用的多层次本质经常被忽视。本研究试图填补这一空白,探索欺凌和网络欺凌的个体水平与三种适应结果(即自杀行为、抑郁症状和自尊)之间的联系,以及学校学生联系水平对这些关系的调节作用。研究对象为来自西班牙31所中学的1774名14-18岁的学生(M = 15.70, SD = 1.26),其中女生53.7%。在这项研究中,我们使用了先前有效的自我报告问卷。传统受害和网络受害以及网络欺凌与自杀行为和抑郁呈正相关,与自尊呈负相关。相反,学生的个人联系水平与较低的自杀行为和抑郁水平有关,与较高的自尊水平有关。此外,学校的学生联系水平缓冲了网络欺凌受害者所经历的适应问题。这些发现强调了将学生的联系作为预防校园网络欺凌的可能目标的重要性。
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引用次数: 13
Smartphone Addiction, Social Support, and Cybercrime Victimization: A Discrete Survival and Growth Mixture Model. 智能手机成瘾、社会支持和网络犯罪受害:一个离散的生存和增长混合模型。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2022a3
Juan Herrero, Andrea Torres, Pep Vivas, Alberto Urueña

In recent decades, criminological theories have identified a set of vulnerabilities in potential victims that seek to explain their victimization. When it comes to explaining cybercrime victimization, however, the important role that addiction to the vulnerabilities associated with technological devices can play has tended to be overlooked. In this paper we empirically link smartphone addiction, social support, and cyberfraud victimization in a nationally representative sample of 716 smartphone users followed for three years. The results of discrete survival and growth mixture models suggest that the probability of cyberfraud victimization is lower among users with a decrease in smartphone addiction and an increase in social support over the three years. These results allow us to suggest new avenues in the study of cybercrime victimization, with special emphasis on the psychosocial consequences that the deregulated use of these technological devices may entail.

近几十年来,犯罪学理论已经确定了潜在受害者的一系列脆弱性,并试图解释他们的受害行为。然而,在解释网络犯罪受害的原因时,人们往往忽视了对与技术设备相关的漏洞上瘾所起的重要作用。在本文中,我们对716名智能手机用户的全国代表性样本进行了为期三年的实证研究,将智能手机成瘾、社会支持和网络欺诈受害联系起来。离散生存和增长混合模型的结果表明,在三年内,智能手机成瘾程度降低、社会支持增加的用户遭受网络欺诈的可能性较低。这些结果使我们能够提出研究网络犯罪受害的新途径,特别强调这些技术设备的解除管制可能带来的社会心理后果。
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引用次数: 7
A Decade in Review: A Systematic Review of Virtual Reality Interventions for Emotional Disorders. 十年回顾:虚拟现实对情绪障碍干预的系统回顾。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a8
Dale P Rowland, Leanne M Casey, Aarthi Ganapathy, Mandy Cassimatis, Bonnie A Clough

Research is increasingly demonstrating the therapeutic benefits of virtual reality interventions for various mental health conditions, though these rarely translate from research to application in clinical settings. This systematic review aims to examine the efficacy of current virtual reality interventions for emotional disorders, with a focus on clinical and technological features that influence translation of treatments from research to clinical practice. A comprehensive systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, for studies including the application of a virtual reality intervention to a clinical population of adults with an emotional disorder. Thirty-seven eligible studies were identified, appraised, and assessed for bias. Treatment effects were typically large across studies, with virtual reality being considered an efficacious treatment modality for various anxiety disorders and post-traumatic stress disorder. Virtual reality interventions were typically used for delivering exposure in cognitive behavioural therapy approaches. Considerable variability was seen in cost, technological specifications, degree of therapist involvement, delivery format, dosage, duration, and frequency of treatment. Suboptimal methodological rigour was identified in some studies. Remote use of virtual reality was rare, despite increasing options for in home use. Virtual reality interventions have the potential to overcome barriers to care and better meet the needs of consumers. Future research should examine the efficacy of virtual reality for treatment of depressive disorders and obsesive compulsive disorder. Improved methodological reporting and development of transdiagnostic and remotely delivered virtual reality interventions, will likely increase the translation of this treatment modality.

研究越来越多地证明了虚拟现实干预对各种心理健康状况的治疗益处,尽管这些益处很少从研究转化为临床应用。这篇系统综述旨在检验当前虚拟现实干预措施对情绪障碍的疗效,重点关注影响治疗从研究转化为临床实践的临床和技术特征。根据PRISMA指南进行了全面的系统文献检索,研究包括对患有情绪障碍的成人临床人群应用虚拟现实干预。对37项符合条件的研究进行了鉴定、评估和偏倚评估。研究中的治疗效果通常很大,虚拟现实被认为是治疗各种焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍的有效方式。虚拟现实干预通常用于提供认知行为治疗方法中的暴露。在成本、技术规范、治疗师参与程度、交付形式、剂量、持续时间和治疗频率方面存在相当大的差异。在一些研究中发现了次优方法的严格性。尽管家庭使用的选择越来越多,但远程使用虚拟现实的情况很少见。虚拟现实干预措施有可能克服护理障碍,更好地满足消费者的需求。未来的研究应该检验虚拟现实治疗抑郁症和强迫症的疗效。改进方法报告和开发跨诊断和远程提供的虚拟现实干预措施,可能会增加这种治疗模式的翻译。
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引用次数: 6
A Systematic Review of Machine Learning for Assessment and Feedback of Treatment Fidelity 机器学习用于治疗保真度评估和反馈的系统综述
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-07-05 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a4
Asghar Ahmadi, M. Noetel, M. Schellekens, P. Parker, D. Antczak, M. Beauchamp, Theresa Dicke, Carmel M. Diezmann, A. Maeder, N. Ntoumanis, A. Yeung, C. Lonsdale
Many psychological treatments have been shown to be cost-effective and efficacious, as long as they are implemented faithfully. Assessing fidelity and providing feedback is expensive and time-consuming. Machine learning has been used to assess treatment fidelity, but the reliability and generalisability is unclear. We collated and critiqued all implementations of machine learning to assess the verbal behaviour of all helping professionals, with particular emphasis on treatment fidelity for therapists. We conducted searches using nine electronic databases for automated approaches of coding verbal behaviour in therapy and similar contexts. We completed screening, extraction, and quality assessment in duplicate. Fifty-two studies met our inclusion criteria (65.3% in psychotherapy). Automated coding methods performed better than chance, and some methods showed near human-level performance; performance tended to be better with larger data sets, a smaller number of codes, conceptually simple codes, and when predicting session-level ratings than utterance-level ones. Few studies adhered to best-practice machine learning guidelines. Machine learning demonstrated promising results, particularly where there are large, annotated datasets and a modest number of concrete features to code. These methods are novel, cost-effective, scalable ways of assessing fidelity and providing therapists with individualised, prompt, and objective feedback.
许多心理治疗已经被证明是具有成本效益和有效的,只要它们被忠实地实施。评估忠诚度和提供反馈既昂贵又耗时。机器学习已被用于评估治疗保真度,但其可靠性和通用性尚不清楚。我们整理并批评了机器学习的所有实施方式,以评估所有帮助专业人员的言语行为,特别强调治疗师的治疗忠诚度。我们使用九个电子数据库进行了搜索,以寻找在治疗和类似情况下对言语行为进行自动编码的方法。我们完成了筛选、提取和质量评估,一式两份。52项研究符合我们的纳入标准(65.3%在心理治疗中)。自动化编码方法的性能优于偶然性,一些方法显示出接近人类水平的性能;数据集越大、代码数量越少、概念简单的代码,以及在预测会话级别评级时,性能往往比话语级别评级更好。很少有研究遵循最佳实践机器学习准则。机器学习证明了有希望的结果,特别是在有大量注释数据集和少量具体特征需要编码的情况下。这些方法是评估忠诚度并为治疗师提供个性化、及时和客观反馈的新颖、成本效益高、可扩展的方法。
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引用次数: 3
Does One Size Fit All? Socioeconomic Moderators of Post-divorce Health and the Effects of a Post-divorce Digital Intervention 一个尺码适合所有人吗?离婚后健康的社会经济调节因素及离婚后数字干预的效果
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a6
Ana Ciprić, A. Štulhofer, C. Øverup, J. Strizzi, T. Lange, Søren Sander, G. Hald
employed using a sample of 1,856 recently divorced Danes, who participated in an RCT study of the CAD digital platform, to investigate whether educational and income level (1) predict post-divorce health, (2) moderate the time-induced trajectories of post-divorce health, and (3) moderate the intervention-induced trajectories on post-divorce health over the first 12-months following legal divorce. The findings indicated that lower education and lower income predicted worse post-divorce health over one year post-divorce. Furthermore, it was indicated that education moderated post-divorce anxiety so that lower-educated participants experienced a larger reduction in symptoms of anxiety over time. However, except for depression, no moderating effect of income and education on the intervention effect of CAD was found. Our results suggest a beneficial effect of the CAD digital platform across socioeconomic characteristics in the post-divorce period, bolstering claims of the scalability of post-divorce interventions. Moreover, the findings suggest that, theoretically, the intervention may work to compensate for the lack of educational resources in reducing the health gap in post-divorce recovery.
使用1856名最近离婚的丹麦人的样本,他们参与了CAD数字平台的随机对照试验研究,以调查教育和收入水平是否(1)预测离婚后的健康状况,(2)调节离婚后健康的时间诱导轨迹,以及(3)在合法离婚后的前12个月内,调节干预诱导的离婚后健康轨迹。研究结果表明,较低的教育程度和较低的收入预示着离婚后一年内离婚后的健康状况会更糟。此外,研究表明,教育调节了离婚后的焦虑,因此随着时间的推移,受教育程度较低的参与者的焦虑症状会大大减轻。然而,除了抑郁症之外,收入和教育对CAD的干预效果没有调节作用。我们的研究结果表明,CAD数字平台在离婚后的社会经济特征中产生了有益的影响,支持了离婚后干预措施可扩展性的说法。此外,研究结果表明,从理论上讲,干预措施可以弥补教育资源的不足,减少离婚后康复中的健康差距。
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引用次数: 2
Cybervictimization, Offline Victimization, and Cyberbullying: The Mediating Role of the Problematic Use of Social Networking Sites in Boys and Girls 网络受害、线下受害和网络欺凌:男孩和女孩社交网站问题使用的中介作用
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a5
Martínez-Ferrer Martínez-Ferrer, C. León-Moreno, Cristian Suárez-Relinque, Gonzalo del Moral-Arroyo, Gonzalo Musitu-Ochoa
The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of the problematic social networking sites use (PSNSU) in the relationship between both cybervictimization and offline victimization and cyberbullying in boys and girls. The sample consisted of 2,011 adolescents (50.67% boys and 49.32% girls), aged between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14.17, SD = 1.47), enrolled in schools in Andalusia, Spain. To examine this objective, moderated mediation model of the PROCESS macro was used. The results showed that both cybervictimization and offline victimization are positively related to cyberbullying directly and indirectly through PSNSU. Moreover, it was observed that boys victimized both online and offline demonstrated a higher involvement in cyberbullying, whereas girls reported a higher PSNSU. However, the PSNSU mediating effect was not moderated by gender. Finally, the results and their practical implications are discussed. Cibervictimización, victimización offline y ciberbullying: el rol mediador del uso problemático de las redes sociales virtuales en chicos y chicas
本研究的目的是探讨问题社交网站的使用(PSNSU)在男孩和女孩的网络受害和线下受害与网络欺凌之间的关系中的中介作用。样本包括2011名在西班牙安达卢西亚学校就读的12 - 18岁青少年(男生50.67%,女生49.32%)(M = 14.17, SD = 1.47)。为了检验这一目标,使用了PROCESS宏的调节中介模型。结果表明,网络受害和线下受害均通过PSNSU直接和间接地与网络欺凌呈正相关。此外,我们还观察到,在线和离线受害的男孩表现出更高的网络欺凌参与程度,而女孩报告的PSNSU更高。然而,PSNSU的中介效应不受性别的调节。最后,讨论了研究结果及其实际意义。Cibervictimización, victimización离线网络欺凌:el rol mediador del uso problemático de las redes sociales virtuales en chicos y chicas
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引用次数: 14
Characteristics and Predictors of Suicidal Ideation Severity among Callers to a Telephone Helpline in Spain 西班牙电话求助者自杀意念严重程度的特征和预测因素
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.5093/pi2021a7
J. Fernández-Montalvo, Pedro Villanueva, Alfonso Arteaga
and
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引用次数: 1
The Role of Social and Physiological Variables on Older Adults’ Cognitive Improvement after a Group Singing Intervention: The Sing4Health Randomized Controlled Trial 社会和生理变量在集体唱歌干预后老年人认知改善中的作用:Sing4Health随机对照试验
IF 4.8 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2021-05-25 DOI: 10.5093/PI2021A3
I. Galinha, D. Pinal, M. Lima, Antonio Labisa-Palmeira
Population aging prompts efforts to help older adults maintain a high quality of life and independence. Group singing (GS) has shown benefits on social, physical, and cognitive domains, being a cost-effective strategy to reach these goals. Nevertheless, randomized controlled trials (RCT) evaluating systematic GS interventions and the interplay between their effects on those domains are scarce. Thus, the present RCT assessed whether a 34-session GS intervention boosts older adults’ cognitive functions (executive functions and verbal memory) and whether it has an impact on systemic inflammation markers. Additionally, it intended to determine whether changes in social or physiological domains mediated the intervention effects on cognition. One hundred and forty-nine participants were allocated to a waiting-list group, which kept their usual activity levels, or an intervention group. Blinded outcome assessments were conducted at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up. Results confirmed positive effects of GS on cognition, especially marked for verbal memory. Evidence of GS’s protective effect on systemic inflammation is also provided. Mediation analyses revealed a complex interaction of GS intervention engagement and respiratory function and social wellbeing changes with the magnitude of cognitive improvement. These results highlight socialization and respiratory functions as critical pieces of multidimensional GS interventions, maximizing their benefits on older adults’ cognition.
人口老龄化促使人们努力帮助老年人保持高质量的生活和独立性。团体演唱(GS)在社交、身体和认知领域都显示出了优势,是实现这些目标的一种具有成本效益的策略。然而,评估系统性GS干预及其对这些领域的影响之间的相互作用的随机对照试验(RCT)很少。因此,本随机对照试验评估了34次GS干预是否能增强老年人的认知功能(执行功能和言语记忆),以及是否对全身炎症标志物有影响。此外,它旨在确定社会或生理领域的变化是否介导了对认知的干预效果。一百四十九名参与者被分配到一个等待名单组,该组保持他们通常的活动水平,或一个干预组。在基线、干预后和随访时进行盲法结果评估。结果证实了GS对认知的积极影响,尤其是在言语记忆方面。还提供了GS对全身炎症具有保护作用的证据。中介分析显示,GS干预参与与呼吸功能和社会幸福感的变化之间存在复杂的相互作用,认知能力的提高程度也会随之变化。这些结果强调了社会化和呼吸功能是多维GS干预的关键部分,最大限度地提高了它们对老年人认知的益处。
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引用次数: 4
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Psychosocial Intervention
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