Frontiers of Architectural Research最新文献_第5页

Revitalizing industrial territories in Ukraine: Spatial model of the tourism cluster in the Prydniprovsk region 振兴乌克兰的工业区：普里第聂伯罗夫斯克州旅游集群空间模型

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.015

Iryna Merylova

This article is dedicated to exploring the possibility of creating a regional-level tourism cluster in a historically developed industrial region. The research objectives are to identify the boundaries of the Prydniprovsk region, to analyze the natural-resource potential and historical-cultural identity of the investigated territory, to define the most suitable concept for the tourism cluster, and develop its model. The study takes into account the typology of the region's recreational resources, both material and non-material, along with their quantitative and qualitative indicators. The analysis of the level of urbanization of the territory and the development of the service system is conducted. The research examines the spatial distribution and concentration of recreational resources, the ability of certain industrial facilities to become recognized architectural landmarks and obtain a protective status as cultural heritage objects. The methodology employs a combined approach, based on a thorough analysis of literary sources, statistical methods for analyzing natural and historical-cultural resources, expert evaluation of the quality of industrial-oriented attractor objects, and clustering. The study represents a comprehensive system for assessing the territory concerning its natural-recreational resources and historical-cultural heritage. The key findings of the work are the spatial representation of the natural-resource base, key tourist attraction points and connections. This has allowed, for the first time, to develop a spatial model for the tourism cluster of the Prydniprovsk region and identify the main European programs where this cluster can become a part of.

本文致力于探讨在历史上发达的工业地区创建地区级旅游集群的可能性。研究目标是确定普里第聂伯罗夫斯克地区的边界，分析所调查地区的自然资源潜力和历史文化特征，确定最合适的旅游集群概念，并开发其模型。研究考虑了该地区物质和非物质娱乐资源的类型及其定量和定性指标。对该地区的城市化水平和服务体系的发展进行了分析。研究考察了娱乐资源的空间分布和集中程度、某些工业设施成为公认的建筑地标和获得文化遗产保护地位的能力。研究方法采用了综合方法，基于对文献资料的全面分析、分析自然和历史文化资源的统计方法、对以工业为导向的吸引物质量的专家评估以及聚类。这项研究是对该地区的自然休闲资源和历史文化遗产进行评估的综合系统。这项工作的主要发现是自然资源基础、主要旅游吸引点和连接点的空间表示。这首次为普里第聂伯罗夫斯克州旅游集群建立了空间模型，并确定了该集群可参与的主要欧洲项目。

{"title":"Revitalizing industrial territories in Ukraine: Spatial model of the tourism cluster in the Prydniprovsk region","authors":"Iryna Merylova","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article is dedicated to exploring the possibility of creating a regional-level tourism cluster in a historically developed industrial region. The research objectives are to identify the boundaries of the Prydniprovsk region, to analyze the natural-resource potential and historical-cultural identity of the investigated territory, to define the most suitable concept for the tourism cluster, and develop its model. The study takes into account the typology of the region's recreational resources, both material and non-material, along with their quantitative and qualitative indicators. The analysis of the level of urbanization of the territory and the development of the service system is conducted. The research examines the spatial distribution and concentration of recreational resources, the ability of certain industrial facilities to become recognized architectural landmarks and obtain a protective status as cultural heritage objects. The methodology employs a combined approach, based on a thorough analysis of literary sources, statistical methods for analyzing natural and historical-cultural resources, expert evaluation of the quality of industrial-oriented attractor objects, and clustering. The study represents a comprehensive system for assessing the territory concerning its natural-recreational resources and historical-cultural heritage. The key findings of the work are the spatial representation of the natural-resource base, key tourist attraction points and connections. This has allowed, for the first time, to develop a spatial model for the tourism cluster of the Prydniprovsk region and identify the main European programs where this cluster can become a part of.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1342-1362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modulatory effects of the landscape sequences on pedestrians emotional states using EEG 利用脑电图研究景观序列对行人情绪状态的调节作用

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.002

Xinyao Xiao , Xinxin Li , Xuefan Zhou , Jian Kang , Jiahua Luo , Lihua Yin

This study aimed to investigate the impact of specific landscape elements on pedestrians’ emotional experiences during walking. During the study, footages were recorded by participants while walking to obtain real-time visual element data, including greenery, building and road visibility. And electroencephalogram (EEG) indicators of β/α, (α+θ)/β, θ/β and θ/α ratio were collected to represent levels of arousal, fatigue, attention and relaxation. Our findings suggested strong correlations between θ/α ratio with both greenery and road visibility. Conversely, other indicators were primarily influenced by greenery and building visibility. Regarding the combined impact of elements, the most positive emotions were observed when green visibility exceeded 51%. However, the peak alertness was achieved with building visibility between 5.2% and 31%. The lowest fatigue and the highest attention level were recorded under building visibility less than 5.2%, and the highest level of relaxation occurred with road visibility less than 10%. In terms of the influence of time, the entire walking process could be delineated by the five and 8 min marks, classified into novelty, adaptation and sustained phase based on the patterns of emotional changes observed in the participants. Consequently, the visual elements and their combinations, and duration play regulatory roles in pedestrians' emotional experiences.

本研究旨在调查特定景观元素对行人在步行过程中情绪体验的影响。在研究过程中，参与者一边行走一边录像，以获得实时视觉元素数据，包括绿化、建筑和道路能见度。同时还收集了脑电图（EEG）指标β/α、（α+θ）/β、θ/β和θ/α比值，以代表唤醒、疲劳、注意力和放松的水平。我们的研究结果表明，θ/α 比率与绿化和道路能见度都有很强的相关性。相反，其他指标则主要受绿化和建筑能见度的影响。就各要素的综合影响而言，当绿化能见度超过 51% 时，情绪最为积极。然而，当建筑物能见度在 5.2% 至 31% 之间时，警觉性达到最高。在建筑物能见度低于 5.2% 时，疲劳程度最低，注意力最集中，而在道路能见度低于 10% 时，放松程度最高。就时间的影响而言，整个步行过程可以以 5 分钟和 8 分钟为界，根据参与者的情绪变化模式分为新奇阶段、适应阶段和持续阶段。因此，视觉元素及其组合和持续时间对行人的情绪体验起着调节作用。

{"title":"Modulatory effects of the landscape sequences on pedestrians emotional states using EEG","authors":"Xinyao Xiao , Xinxin Li , Xuefan Zhou , Jian Kang , Jiahua Luo , Lihua Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate the impact of specific landscape elements on pedestrians’ emotional experiences during walking. During the study, footages were recorded by participants while walking to obtain real-time visual element data, including greenery, building and road visibility. And electroencephalogram (EEG) indicators of <em>β</em>/<em>α</em>, (<em>α+θ</em>)/<em>β</em>, <em>θ</em>/<em>β</em> and <em>θ</em>/<em>α</em> ratio were collected to represent levels of arousal, fatigue, attention and relaxation. Our findings suggested strong correlations between <em>θ</em>/<em>α</em> ratio with both greenery and road visibility. Conversely, other indicators were primarily influenced by greenery and building visibility. Regarding the combined impact of elements, the most positive emotions were observed when green visibility exceeded 51%. However, the peak alertness was achieved with building visibility between 5.2% and 31%. The lowest fatigue and the highest attention level were recorded under building visibility less than 5.2%, and the highest level of relaxation occurred with road visibility less than 10%. In terms of the influence of time, the entire walking process could be delineated by the five and 8 min marks, classified into novelty, adaptation and sustained phase based on the patterns of emotional changes observed in the participants. Consequently, the visual elements and their combinations, and duration play regulatory roles in pedestrians' emotional experiences.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1327-1341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural heritage tourism and urban regeneration: The case of Fez Medina in Morocco 文化遗产旅游与城市复兴：摩洛哥非斯麦地那案例

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.008

Djamel Boussaa, Muhammed Madandola

After Morocco gained independence in 1956, the country's historic cities, including Fez, Marrakesh, and Meknes, experienced rapid urban growth, decay, and the destruction of their rich cultural and architectural heritage. The rise in urbanisation, redevelopment projects, and tourism has raised concerns related to the urban gentrification and social sustainability of local communities. In addition, the influx of large-scale foreign investments and the conversion of traditional Moroccan houses into riad hotels have sparked tensions over land use, economic shifts, and the ongoing exploitation of historic cities. This research presents a case study of the world heritage city of Fez in Morocco, where these dynamics are particularly significant, as efforts are made to balance conservation and modern needs. The main question to be addressed is how can the surviving historic centres be regenerated while ensuring social sustainability for their inhabitants? The primary objective of this study is to explore the multifaceted urban regeneration strategies in Fez, focusing on urban planning, conservation efforts, economic revitalisation, and social development. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study draws on desk research, content analysis, fieldwork, observations, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders. The findings suggest that the previous strategies focused on physical development and riad hotels to boost cultural tourism and tourist accommodation, exacerbating the gentrification and socioeconomic stratification of the local community. This study emphasises the “Ziyarates Fez” project, which provides an innovative approach to rehabilitating and reusing traditional houses for tourism accommodation without displacing local occupants. Furthermore, this project represents a holistic strategy for balancing economic and social sustainability in urban regeneration. This paper contributes to the expanding body of research on sustainable urban regeneration in historic cities. These results are anticipated to benefit academic research and the implementation of regeneration strategies in historic cities in Morocco and worldwide.

摩洛哥于 1956 年获得独立后，包括非斯、马拉喀什和梅克内斯在内的摩洛哥历史名城经历了快速的城市发展、衰败以及对其丰富的文化和建筑遗产的破坏。城市化、重建项目和旅游业的兴起引发了对城市贵族化和当地社区社会可持续性的担忧。此外，大规模外国投资的涌入以及摩洛哥传统民居被改建成里亚德酒店，引发了土地使用、经济转型和历史名城持续开发方面的紧张关系。本研究以摩洛哥的世界遗产城市非斯为案例进行研究，在努力平衡保护与现代需求的过程中，这些动态因素在非斯显得尤为重要。要解决的主要问题是，如何在确保居民的社会可持续性的同时，对幸存的历史中心进行复兴？本研究的主要目的是探索非斯多方面的城市复兴战略，重点关注城市规划、保护工作、经济振兴和社会发展。本研究采用混合方法，通过案头研究、内容分析、实地考察、观察以及对主要利益相关者的定性访谈等手段进行研究。研究结果表明，以往的战略侧重于实体开发和里亚德酒店，以促进文化旅游和游客住宿，这加剧了当地社区的绅士化和社会经济分层。本研究强调了 "Ziyarates Fez "项目，该项目提供了一种创新方法，在不驱赶当地居民的情况下，修复和再利用传统房屋作为旅游住宿设施。此外，该项目还代表了一种在城市复兴中平衡经济和社会可持续性的整体战略。本文为历史名城可持续城市更新研究的不断扩展做出了贡献。预计这些成果将有益于学术研究以及摩洛哥和全球历史名城复兴战略的实施。

{"title":"Cultural heritage tourism and urban regeneration: The case of Fez Medina in Morocco","authors":"Djamel Boussaa, Muhammed Madandola","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>After Morocco gained independence in 1956, the country's historic cities, including Fez, Marrakesh, and Meknes, experienced rapid urban growth, decay, and the destruction of their rich cultural and architectural heritage. The rise in urbanisation, redevelopment projects, and tourism has raised concerns related to the urban gentrification and social sustainability of local communities. In addition, the influx of large-scale foreign investments and the conversion of traditional Moroccan houses into <em>riad</em> hotels have sparked tensions over land use, economic shifts, and the ongoing exploitation of historic cities. This research presents a case study of the world heritage city of Fez in Morocco, where these dynamics are particularly significant, as efforts are made to balance conservation and modern needs. The main question to be addressed is how can the surviving historic centres be regenerated while ensuring social sustainability for their inhabitants? The primary objective of this study is to explore the multifaceted urban regeneration strategies in Fez, focusing on urban planning, conservation efforts, economic revitalisation, and social development. Employing a mixed-method approach, this study draws on desk research, content analysis, fieldwork, observations, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders. The findings suggest that the previous strategies focused on physical development and <em>riad</em> hotels to boost cultural tourism and tourist accommodation, exacerbating the gentrification and socioeconomic stratification of the local community. This study emphasises the “Ziyarates Fez” project, which provides an innovative approach to rehabilitating and reusing traditional houses for tourism accommodation without displacing local occupants. Furthermore, this project represents a holistic strategy for balancing economic and social sustainability in urban regeneration. This paper contributes to the expanding body of research on sustainable urban regeneration in historic cities. These results are anticipated to benefit academic research and the implementation of regeneration strategies in historic cities in Morocco and worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1228-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Passive cooling techniques in medieval Indian stepwells 中世纪印度阶井的被动冷却技术

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.014

Samirsinh P. Parmar , Debi Prasad Mishra

Stepwell is one of the unique medieval groundwater resource structures distributed across most of all the states in India. The main purpose of constructing stepped wells was to get access to the groundwater, but was also used for the storage of food, and as a summer shelter in medieval times. In tropical regions such as India, temperature is a major problem that causes thermal distress. Traditional architectural concepts were incorporated in the medieval Indian structures to achieve thermal comfort. Traditional architecture is optimization of building design to climate, adaptive crafts, and building techniques learnt over time and experience. The objective of this study is to interpret and evaluate the architectural and engineering aspects of stepwells pertaining to passive cooling techniques used in stepwells and the shelters associated with them. This paper reviews technical aspects pertaining to passive cooling in the design of stepwells, which has identified fundamental principles that can adopted for the building of various structures presently.

阶梯井是中世纪独特的地下水资源结构之一，分布在印度所有邦的大部分地区。建造阶梯井的主要目的是为了获取地下水，但在中世纪也被用来储存食物和避暑。在印度等热带地区，温度是造成热困扰的主要问题。印度中世纪建筑中融入了传统建筑理念，以实现热舒适。传统建筑是根据气候、适应性工艺和随着时间和经验积累的建筑技术对建筑设计进行的优化。本研究的目的是解释和评估阶梯井的建筑和工程方面，涉及阶梯井中使用的被动冷却技术以及与之相关的遮蔽物。本文回顾了阶梯井设计中与被动冷却有关的技术方面，确定了目前各种建筑结构可采用的基本原则。

引用次数: 0

From data to design: Social network insights for urban design and regeneration 从数据到设计：社会网络对城市设计和复兴的启示

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.006

Sepideh Zarepour Sohi , Saeed Banihashemi , Moslem Sheikhkhoshkar , Poriya Abdollahi Roshan

Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities. Recognizing their importance, this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through advanced analytics, focusing on Tehran's main traditional market, the Bazaar. A novel methodological framework combining Social Network Analysis (SNA), and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, supported by location-based social media reviews, was employed. This innovative approach assessed the Bazaar's comfort, vitality, and safety, analyzing real-time public interactions and perceptions through social media data. The findings highlighted the Bazaar's central role in Tehran's urban landscape and identified the need for strategic design interventions. These interventions aimed to improve walkability, comfort, safety, and diversity, and have been successfully implemented, significantly enhancing the Bazaar's quality and usability. This study not only advances urban studies and planning by providing a model for urban public space analysis but also underscores the value of social media data in urban analytics. The successful revitalization of Tehran's Bazaar sets a precedent for enriching urban experiences and boosting city vitality through similar interventions in other urban spaces.

城市公共空间对于现代城市的福利和繁荣至关重要。由于认识到这些空间的重要性，本研究以德黑兰的主要传统市场--巴扎为重点，通过先进的分析方法解决了在理解和提高这些空间的质量方面存在的关键差距。研究采用了一种新颖的方法框架，该框架结合了社交网络分析（SNA）和优势、劣势、机会和威胁分析（SWOT），并辅以基于位置的社交媒体评论。这一创新方法评估了巴扎的舒适度、活力和安全性，通过社交媒体数据分析了公众的实时互动和看法。研究结果突出了巴扎在德黑兰城市景观中的核心作用，并确定了进行战略性设计干预的必要性。这些干预措施旨在改善步行能力、舒适度、安全性和多样性，并已成功实施，大大提高了巴扎的质量和可用性。这项研究为城市公共空间分析提供了一个模型，不仅推动了城市研究和规划，还强调了社交媒体数据在城市分析中的价值。德黑兰巴扎的成功振兴开创了一个先例，通过对其他城市空间进行类似干预，可以丰富城市体验，增强城市活力。

{"title":"From data to design: Social network insights for urban design and regeneration","authors":"Sepideh Zarepour Sohi , Saeed Banihashemi , Moslem Sheikhkhoshkar , Poriya Abdollahi Roshan","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urban public spaces are pivotal to the welfare and prosperity of modern cities. Recognizing their importance, this research addresses the critical gap in understanding and enhancing the qualities of these spaces through advanced analytics, focusing on Tehran's main traditional market, the Bazaar. A novel methodological framework combining Social Network Analysis (SNA), and Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, supported by location-based social media reviews, was employed. This innovative approach assessed the Bazaar's comfort, vitality, and safety, analyzing real-time public interactions and perceptions through social media data. The findings highlighted the Bazaar's central role in Tehran's urban landscape and identified the need for strategic design interventions. These interventions aimed to improve walkability, comfort, safety, and diversity, and have been successfully implemented, significantly enhancing the Bazaar's quality and usability. This study not only advances urban studies and planning by providing a model for urban public space analysis but also underscores the value of social media data in urban analytics. The successful revitalization of Tehran's Bazaar sets a precedent for enriching urban experiences and boosting city vitality through similar interventions in other urban spaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1377-1399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141398872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Creating 3D texture tessellation on planar surface using a single tile or a few tiles 使用单块或几块瓷砖在平面上创建 3D 纹理细分图案

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.001

Anooshe Rezaee Javan, Ahmed Abdelaal, Yi Min Xie

Tessellations have been widely used in architectural designs to create visually striking surfaces by repeating a small number of elements. While there has been extensive research on 2D tiling over the past 2000 years, this study focuses on the systematic development of a technique for the modular construction of 2D tiling with 3D texture surfaces using identical tiles, which is of great importance in architectural designs for cost-effective constructions through the mass production of repeating components. This study applies parametric geometrical modelling using Grasshopper scripting to generate a wide range of 3D reliefs on planar surfaces by repeating a single tile or a few different tiles. Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to arrange tiles with an identical 3D texture surface in multiple configurations, resulting in a range of 3D reliefs on tessellated surfaces that exhibit smooth transitions across adjacent tiles. A significant application of this technique is in producing stunning facades and other 3D surfaces using identical modules, offering affordable modular construction through repetition. The study also demonstrates the versatility of the technique by creating various attractive non-periodic 3D surfaces using triangular, square, hexagonal, or even non-regular tiles.

在建筑设计中，通过重复少量的元素来创造出具有视觉冲击力的表面，一直以来都在广泛使用镶嵌法。在过去的 2000 年中，人们对二维瓷砖进行了广泛的研究，而本研究的重点是系统地开发一种技术，利用相同的瓷砖模块化地建造具有三维纹理表面的二维瓷砖。本研究使用 Grasshopper 脚本进行参数化几何建模，通过重复单块或几块不同的瓷砖，在平面上生成各种三维浮雕。根据这项研究的结果，可以将具有相同三维纹理表面的瓦片排列成多种配置，从而在棋盘格表面上生成一系列三维浮雕，这些浮雕在相邻瓦片之间表现出平滑的过渡。这项技术的一个重要应用是使用相同的模块制作出令人惊叹的外墙和其他三维表面，通过重复提供经济实惠的模块化建筑。这项研究还展示了该技术的多功能性，利用三角形、正方形、六角形甚至不规则瓷砖制作出各种极具吸引力的非周期性三维表面。

{"title":"Creating 3D texture tessellation on planar surface using a single tile or a few tiles","authors":"Anooshe Rezaee Javan, Ahmed Abdelaal, Yi Min Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tessellations have been widely used in architectural designs to create visually striking surfaces by repeating a small number of elements. While there has been extensive research on 2D tiling over the past 2000 years, this study focuses on the systematic development of a technique for the modular construction of 2D tiling with 3D texture surfaces using identical tiles, which is of great importance in architectural designs for cost-effective constructions through the mass production of repeating components. This study applies parametric geometrical modelling using Grasshopper scripting to generate a wide range of 3D reliefs on planar surfaces by repeating a single tile or a few different tiles. Based on the findings of this study, it is possible to arrange tiles with an identical 3D texture surface in multiple configurations, resulting in a range of 3D reliefs on tessellated surfaces that exhibit smooth transitions across adjacent tiles. A significant application of this technique is in producing stunning facades and other 3D surfaces using identical modules, offering affordable modular construction through repetition. The study also demonstrates the versatility of the technique by creating various attractive non-periodic 3D surfaces using triangular, square, hexagonal, or even non-regular tiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1435-1446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141393690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preserving the historical value and thermal properties of renovated buildings: The case of reconstructed town houses in Kosice, Slovakia 保护翻新建筑的历史价值和热性能：斯洛伐克科希策重建城镇房屋的案例

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.007

Dušan Katunský, Jana Katunská, Erika Dolníková, Kristián Hutkai

The restoration of monuments is of great interest, leading to more architecturally significant designs. Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new. The paper examines the compromises between the structural and physical properties of a historic building intended for renovation, which has already undergone several renovations. Due to the limited optimization possibilities at specific levels of the renovation project, diagnostics were used during the examination of proposals. Part of the diagnostics involves measuring thermal conditions, as well as temperatures on the internal and external surfaces of the building envelopes. The study demonstrates how the properties of the outer shell affect thermal insulation and suggests methods for architects, planners and preservationists to preserve the structural forms of the facade. The goal was to show that, despite the absence of a new thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building, the standard requirements are not violated. On the inner surface of the envelope walls, the temperature does not drop below the critical value for mould growth. Additionally, there are examples of modifications to the original details and their shape after the restoration of this building.

对古迹的修复是一项非常有意义的工作，它能带来更具建筑意义的设计。许多有前途的建筑设计方法都促进了新旧建筑的共生。本文探讨了一栋打算翻新的历史建筑的结构和物理特性之间的折衷，该建筑已经历过多次翻新。由于在翻新项目的特定层面进行优化的可能性有限，因此在审查提案时使用了诊断方法。部分诊断包括测量热条件以及建筑围护结构内外表面的温度。这项研究展示了外壳的特性如何影响隔热性能，并为建筑师、规划师和保护人员提出了保护外墙结构形式的方法。我们的目标是要证明，尽管建筑物外部没有新的隔热层，但并没有违反标准要求。在围护墙的内表面，温度不会低于霉菌生长的临界值。此外，还有一些实例表明，在对该建筑进行修复后，对原有细节及其形状进行了修改。

{"title":"Preserving the historical value and thermal properties of renovated buildings: The case of reconstructed town houses in Kosice, Slovakia","authors":"Dušan Katunský, Jana Katunská, Erika Dolníková, Kristián Hutkai","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The restoration of monuments is of great interest, leading to more architecturally significant designs. Many promising approaches to building design foster a symbiosis of the old and the new. The paper examines the compromises between the structural and physical properties of a historic building intended for renovation, which has already undergone several renovations. Due to the limited optimization possibilities at specific levels of the renovation project, diagnostics were used during the examination of proposals. Part of the diagnostics involves measuring thermal conditions, as well as temperatures on the internal and external surfaces of the building envelopes. The study demonstrates how the properties of the outer shell affect thermal insulation and suggests methods for architects, planners and preservationists to preserve the structural forms of the facade. The goal was to show that, despite the absence of a new thermal insulation layer on the outside of the building, the standard requirements are not violated. On the inner surface of the envelope walls, the temperature does not drop below the critical value for mould growth. Additionally, there are examples of modifications to the original details and their shape after the restoration of this building.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1185-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141280531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrating spatial vitality and node-place model to evaluate and classify metro station areas in Wuhan 结合空间活力和节点-地点模型对武汉地铁站区进行评估和分类

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.005

Tao Wu , Mingjing Li , Linna Gao , Ye Zhou

Numerous metropolises worldwide have adopted transit-oriented development (TOD) as a sustainable urban development tactic. And the node-place model is the most commonly used model for TOD typology. However, the spatial vitality, one of the most fundamental aspects of TOD, has not been systematically taken into account in the node-place model. Therefore, this article introduces vitality as a third dimension into node-place model and develops the node-place-vitality (NPV) model, aiming to comprehensively re-classify and re-evaluate TOD performance. The independent weight coefficient method is used to compute place values, node values, vitality values, and overall TOD degree. Moreover, the categorization of TOD typologies makes use of the K-means++ clustering approach. The model is employed in a case study in Wuhan, China. The results show that the TOD degree exhibits a spatial discrepancy, characterized as “high-medium-low” from the center to the periphery, not only in the whole city but also in the three towns. The geographical characteristics of TOD degree within station catchment area are revealed by the heat map. Five TOD types are identified and they present obvious spatial differentiation. The approach proposed in this paper furnishes urban planners and decision-makers with a scientific instrument for assisting TOD planning and strategies designing.

世界上许多大都市都将公交导向开发（TOD）作为一种可持续的城市发展策略。而节点-地点模型是最常用的 TOD 类型模型。然而，作为 TOD 最基本的内容之一，空间活力在节点-地点模型中并没有得到系统的考虑。因此，本文将活力作为第三个维度引入节点-地点模型，并建立了节点-地点-活力（NPV）模型，旨在对 TOD 的绩效进行全面的再分类和再评价。采用独立权重系数法计算地点值、节点值、活力值和总体 TOD 程度。此外，TOD 类型的分类采用了 K-means++ 聚类方法。该模型在中国武汉的一项案例研究中得到了应用。结果表明，不仅在整个城市，而且在三个城镇，TOD 的程度都呈现出从中心到边缘的 "高-中-低 "的空间差异。热力图揭示了车站集水区内 TOD 程度的地理特征。本文确定了五种 TOD 类型，它们呈现出明显的空间差异。本文提出的方法为城市规划者和决策者提供了辅助 TOD 规划和战略设计的科学工具。

{"title":"Integrating spatial vitality and node-place model to evaluate and classify metro station areas in Wuhan","authors":"Tao Wu , Mingjing Li , Linna Gao , Ye Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Numerous metropolises worldwide have adopted transit-oriented development (TOD) as a sustainable urban development tactic. And the node-place model is the most commonly used model for TOD typology. However, the spatial vitality, one of the most fundamental aspects of TOD, has not been systematically taken into account in the node-place model. Therefore, this article introduces vitality as a third dimension into node-place model and develops the node-place-vitality (NPV) model, aiming to comprehensively re-classify and re-evaluate TOD performance. The independent weight coefficient method is used to compute place values, node values, vitality values, and overall TOD degree. Moreover, the categorization of TOD typologies makes use of the K-means++ clustering approach. The model is employed in a case study in Wuhan, China. The results show that the TOD degree exhibits a spatial discrepancy, characterized as “high-medium-low” from the center to the periphery, not only in the whole city but also in the three towns. The geographical characteristics of TOD degree within station catchment area are revealed by the heat map. Five TOD types are identified and they present obvious spatial differentiation. The approach proposed in this paper furnishes urban planners and decision-makers with a scientific instrument for assisting TOD planning and strategies designing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 1363-1376"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141279161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantifying the link between industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth over Kenya 量化肯尼亚工业化、城市化和经济增长之间的联系

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.009

Bosco Mumo Kyule, Xingping Wang

Industrialization is a key element for economic growth in both developed and undeveloped countries. Due to globalization, the cause-effect between industrialization, economic growth and urbanization are changing. This study investigates the relationship between economic expansion, urbanization, and industrialization in Kenya using a quantitative methodology. Using World Bank economic indicator parameters, it focuses on understanding the complex interrelationships between these factors. Vector Autoregression (VAR) modeling is used to analyze the relationships between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization between 1990 and 2018. The Granger causality test is used to determine the causal linkages between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization. Results show that urbanization is increasing steadily across Kenya, with a high population in central, western, Rift valley, and coastal regions. The availability of agricultural land influences urbanization, with a significant positive relationship between the three parameters. The Granger causality test shows a unidirectional relationship between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization. A minimum of 20% is considered as the benchmark for urbanization to reduce both GDP and industrialization. Unplanned and rapid urbanization, accompanied by ecologically unfavorable industrialization schemes, threatens Kenya's biodiversity. The study provides insight into the interconnection between the three pillars of the economy and the statistical models developed are useful in forecasting future trends.

工业化是发达国家和不发达国家经济增长的关键因素。由于全球化，工业化、经济增长和城市化之间的因果关系正在发生变化。本研究采用定量方法调查肯尼亚经济扩张、城市化和工业化之间的关系。利用世界银行的经济指标参数，重点了解这些因素之间复杂的相互关系。采用向量自回归（VAR）模型分析 1990 年至 2018 年间国内生产总值、城市化和工业化之间的关系。格兰杰因果检验用于确定 GDP、城市化和工业化之间的因果联系。结果表明，肯尼亚全国的城市化水平在稳步提高，中部、西部、裂谷和沿海地区的人口较多。农业用地的可用性影响着城市化，三个参数之间存在显著的正相关关系。格兰杰因果检验表明，国内生产总值、城市化和工业化之间存在单向关系。城市化至少达到 20%，才会降低 GDP 和工业化水平。无计划的快速城市化伴随着不利于生态的工业化计划，威胁着肯尼亚的生物多样性。这项研究深入探讨了经济三大支柱之间的相互联系，开发的统计模型有助于预测未来趋势。

{"title":"Quantifying the link between industrialization, urbanization, and economic growth over Kenya","authors":"Bosco Mumo Kyule, Xingping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Industrialization is a key element for economic growth in both developed and undeveloped countries. Due to globalization, the cause-effect between industrialization, economic growth and urbanization are changing. This study investigates the relationship between economic expansion, urbanization, and industrialization in Kenya using a quantitative methodology. Using World Bank economic indicator parameters, it focuses on understanding the complex interrelationships between these factors. Vector Autoregression (VAR) modeling is used to analyze the relationships between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization between 1990 and 2018. The Granger causality test is used to determine the causal linkages between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization. Results show that urbanization is increasing steadily across Kenya, with a high population in central, western, Rift valley, and coastal regions. The availability of agricultural land influences urbanization, with a significant positive relationship between the three parameters. The Granger causality test shows a unidirectional relationship between GDP, urbanization, and industrialization. A minimum of 20% is considered as the benchmark for urbanization to reduce both GDP and industrialization. Unplanned and rapid urbanization, accompanied by ecologically unfavorable industrialization schemes, threatens Kenya's biodiversity. The study provides insight into the interconnection between the three pillars of the economy and the statistical models developed are useful in forecasting future trends.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 799-808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263524000530/pdfft?md5=7b57686d1259deb8b472739d194c011f&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263524000530-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The mechanism of block form diversification in urban morphological transformation: Case study of grid blocks in Beijing, China 城市形态转型中的街区形态多样化机制：中国北京网格街区案例研究

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.008

Jiankun Liu , Atsushi Deguchi

Beijing is a typical traditional city in China, originating from the uniform and conventional grid plan, but transformed diversely, either on purpose or spontaneously. This research took the diversification process of grid blocks as an angle to understand the transformation process of Beijing's urban morphology. It took 194 grid blocks within the 3rd Ring Road of Beijing as research objects. First, the paper proposed a whole view of Beijing's grid blocks by 1) visualizing their construction process, 2) classifying 5 morphological clusters by 7 indicators (Block size, Block shape regularity, Intensity, Coverage, Network density, Plot shape regularity, Standard deviation of plot size), and 3) investigating their distribution. Second, the diversification process of grid blocks was clarified from two layers: the block-boundary layer and the inner-space layer. Finally, the mechanism of block form diversification was clarified by exploring the connections between elements in each layer, and the influence of urban development on block form transformation. The study re-defined the diversification process in a more quantitative way from both time and spatial dimension. It concluded that the diversification is influenced by changes in urban planning principles and locations, and emerged thorough the long-term transformation and re-subdivision. The interaction between the boundary and the inner space stimulates the diversification. And based on these, it concluded with a discussion of limitations and potentials on grid blocks' construction and renovation.

北京是中国典型的传统城市，它起源于统一而传统的方格网规划，但又在有意或自发的情况下发生了多样化的转变。本研究以网格街区的多样化过程为视角，了解北京城市形态的转变过程。本文以北京三环路以内的 194 个网格街区为研究对象。首先，本文提出了北京网格街区的整体视角：1）将网格街区的建设过程可视化；2）通过 7 项指标（街区规模、街区形态规整度、密集度、覆盖率、网络密度、地块形态规整度、地块规模标准差）划分出 5 个形态组群；3）考察了网格街区的分布情况。其次，从区块边界层和内部空间层两个层次阐明了网格区块的多样化过程。最后，通过探讨各层要素之间的联系以及城市发展对区块形态转变的影响，阐明了区块形态多样化的机制。研究从时间和空间两个维度，以更加量化的方式重新定义了多样化过程。研究认为，多样化受城市规划原则和位置变化的影响，是在长期改造和重新划分的过程中产生的。边界和内部空间之间的互动刺激了多样化的发展。在此基础上，文章最后讨论了网格街区建设和改造的局限性和潜力。

{"title":"The mechanism of block form diversification in urban morphological transformation: Case study of grid blocks in Beijing, China","authors":"Jiankun Liu , Atsushi Deguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Beijing is a typical traditional city in China, originating from the uniform and conventional grid plan, but transformed diversely, either on purpose or spontaneously. This research took the diversification process of grid blocks as an angle to understand the transformation process of Beijing's urban morphology. It took 194 grid blocks within the 3rd Ring Road of Beijing as research objects. First, the paper proposed a whole view of Beijing's grid blocks by 1) visualizing their construction process, 2) classifying 5 morphological clusters by 7 indicators (Block size, Block shape regularity, Intensity, Coverage, Network density, Plot shape regularity, Standard deviation of plot size), and 3) investigating their distribution. Second, the diversification process of grid blocks was clarified from two layers: the block-boundary layer and the inner-space layer. Finally, the mechanism of block form diversification was clarified by exploring the connections between elements in each layer, and the influence of urban development on block form transformation. The study re-defined the diversification process in a more quantitative way from both time and spatial dimension. It concluded that the diversification is influenced by changes in urban planning principles and locations, and emerged thorough the long-term transformation and re-subdivision. The interaction between the boundary and the inner space stimulates the diversification. And based on these, it concluded with a discussion of limitations and potentials on grid blocks' construction and renovation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51662,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Architectural Research","volume":"13 4","pages":"Pages 928-943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095263524000529/pdfft?md5=c96149f6b15d2cc1fdcb346f0f7fd643&pid=1-s2.0-S2095263524000529-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141145383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0