Frontiers of Architectural Research最新文献

英文中文

Modeling of wind-driven rain absorption ratio of building exterior finishing materials based on field measurements 基于实地测量的建筑外墙饰面材料风吹雨淋吸收比模型

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.04.002

Xing Hu , Huibo Zhang , Tianda Qian , Chi Feng

Wind-driven rain (WDR) constitutes a significant source of moisture for building facades, which poses considerable challenges to both the thermal insulation performance and long-term durability of walls. Prior studies have contributed significantly to the understanding of fluid behavior and moisture response of WDR upon impacting walls. However, the quantification of absorbed rainwater by the wall remains elusive. To address this gap, this study focuses on comprehending the dynamic WDR absorption behavior of various exterior finishing materials. Specifically, nine types of finishing materials were selected as research objects and conducted field measurements. The findings reveal that WDR absorption ratio is influenced by physical parameters of materials, surface waterproofing and the cumulative WDR. Leveraging multiple regression fittings, we established an empirical WDR absorption ratio calculation mode. This model serves as a valuable reference for determining building simulation parameters regarding dynamic moisture boundary conditions on the exterior surfaces of walls. By providing empirical insights into WDR absorption, our research contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of moisture behavior in building envelopes, thereby aiding in the development of effective strategies for enhancing building performance and durability.

风致雨（WDR）是建筑外墙的一个重要湿气来源，对墙体的隔热性能和长期耐久性提出了巨大挑战。先前的研究极大地促进了人们对风致雨冲击墙体时的流体行为和湿度反应的理解。然而，对墙体吸收雨水的定量分析仍然难以实现。为了填补这一空白，本研究重点了解了各种外墙饰面材料对 WDR 的动态吸收行为。具体而言，研究人员选择了九种饰面材料作为研究对象，并进行了实地测量。研究结果表明，WDR 吸收率受材料物理参数、表面防水性能和累积 WDR 的影响。通过多元回归拟合，我们建立了一种经验性的 WDR 吸收比计算模式。该模型对于确定有关墙体外表面动态湿度边界条件的建筑模拟参数具有重要参考价值。通过提供有关 WDR 吸收的经验见解，我们的研究有助于更全面地了解建筑围护结构中的湿气行为，从而帮助制定有效的策略，提高建筑的性能和耐久性。

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引用次数: 0

Digital heritage construction: Testing the heritage value of construction documentation and building processes through Virtual Reality 数字遗产建设：通过虚拟现实技术检验建筑文件和建筑过程的遗产价值

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.012

Luciano Cardellicchio , Paolo Stracchi , Anastasia Globa

This research paper examines the heritage value of construction documentation and processes via Virtual Reality (VR), with a focus on the Sydney Opera House (SOH). It underscores the importance of comprehending and documenting transient construction techniques for heritage valuation. Utilising VR, the study offers an immersive portrayal of the SOH's construction, emphasising its innovative methods, craftsmanship, and environmental challenges. The paper draws from the Digital Heritage Construction project, showcased at the Heritage Exposition of the ICOMOS General Assembly 2023. This project featured two VR simulations, developed through analysing 200 original shop drawings, historical photographs, and site minutes and reports. The first simulation illustrates the formwork systems used for the SOH's iconic sails, while the second elucidates the assembly methods for the precast vaulted roofs, including the operation of the telescopic erection arch and the installation of concrete segments. The paper examines the novelty of this approach through a survey conducted at the Heritage Exposition. Analysis of the survey's result reveals VR's effectiveness in deepening the appreciation of architectural heritage's intangible qualities, providing new insights into the historical construction processes of the building and their cultural significance.

本研究论文以悉尼歌剧院（SOH）为重点，通过虚拟现实（VR）技术研究了建筑文件和流程的遗产价值。它强调了理解和记录瞬息万变的施工技术对于遗产评估的重要性。利用 VR 技术，该研究对悉尼歌剧院的建造过程进行了身临其境的描述，强调了其创新方法、工艺和环境挑战。本文借鉴了国际古迹遗址理事会 2023 年大会遗产博览会上展示的数字遗产建设项目。该项目包括两个 VR 模拟，是通过分析 200 张原始车间图纸、历史照片以及现场记录和报告开发的。第一个模拟展示了 SOH 标志性船帆所使用的模板系统，第二个模拟则阐明了预制拱形屋顶的组装方法，包括伸缩架拱的操作和混凝土段的安装。本文通过在遗产博览会上进行的一项调查，研究了这种方法的新颖性。对调查结果的分析表明，VR 能够有效加深对建筑遗产非物质品质的认识，为了解建筑的历史建造过程及其文化意义提供新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Spatial logic at different scales: An empirical study on emerging online catering in Beijing 不同尺度的空间逻辑：北京新兴网络餐饮实证研究

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.06.005

Qiang Sheng, Zhixuan Wang

Rapid development of online economy has great impact on the everyday life. However, whether real space still matter on the location choice of these new economies remains as a controversial question. This research starts with spatial analysis on shared kitchen as an emerging new type of online catering space in Beijing across three scales: city, street, architecture. Using social media data and cellular signal data, different density factors are tested at city scale to explain the performance of these economies. Using space syntax model, the spatial accessibility of takeaway only, dine-in with takeaway service and conventional restaurants are compared in central and suburban areas. It is found that their different spatial logic: at city scale, takeaway only restaurants gathered in the high-density area, and diffused to the area with poor accessibility. At street and architectural scale, online catering in general shows higher dependence on accessibility, but there is a clear difference between central and suburban cases of takeaway only restaurants: in central areas, online catering could bear more disadvantageous positions like backstreet or under the ground of buildings than it in suburban case.

网络经济的快速发展对人们的日常生活产生了巨大影响。然而，现实空间对这些新经济的区位选择是否仍然重要，仍然是一个有争议的问题。本研究从共享厨房这一新兴的网络餐饮空间入手，在城市、街道和建筑三个尺度上对其进行了空间分析。利用社交媒体数据和手机信号数据，在城市尺度上测试了不同的密度因素，以解释这些经济体的表现。利用空间句法模型，比较了中心区和郊区仅提供外卖服务的餐厅、提供外卖服务的堂食餐厅和传统餐厅的空间可达性。结果发现，它们的空间逻辑各不相同：在城市尺度上，只提供外卖服务的餐厅聚集在高密度区域，并向交通不便的区域扩散。在街道和建筑尺度上，网络餐饮一般对可达性的依赖程度较高，但中心区和郊区的外卖餐厅存在明显差异：在中心区，网络餐饮比郊区的外卖餐厅能承受更多不利位置，如背街小巷或建筑物地下。

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引用次数: 0

Does architectural design require single-objective or multi-objective optimisation? A critical choice with a comparative study between model-based algorithms and genetic algorithms 建筑设计需要单目标优化还是多目标优化？基于模型的算法和遗传算法比较研究的关键选择

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.010

Ran Zhang, Xiaodong Xu, Ke Liu, Lingyu Kong, Xi Wang, Linzhi Zhao, Abudureheman Abuduwayiti

Efficiency and accuracy have been challenging in the design optimisation process driven by building simulation. The literature review identified the limitations of previous studies, prompting this study to explore the performance of single-objective versus multi-objective efficiency and accuracy on equivalent problems based on control variables and to consider more algorithmic options for a broader range of designs. This study constructed a comparative energy-related experiment whose results are in the same unit, either as a single-objective optimisation or split into two objectives. The project aims to reduce annual energy consumption and increase solar utilisation potential. Our approach focuses on the use of a surrogate modelling algorithm, Radial Basis Function Optimisation Algorithm (RBFOpt), with its multi-objective version RBFMOpt, to optimise the energy performance while quickly identifying new energy requirements for an iterative office building design logic, contrast to traditional genetic-algorithm-driven. In addition, the research also conducted a comparative study between RBFOpt and Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategies (CMAES) in a single-objective comparison and between RBFMOpt and Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) in a multi-objective optimisation process. The comparison of these sets of Opt algorithms with evolutionary algorithms helps to provide data-driven evidence to support early design decisions.

在建筑模拟驱动的设计优化过程中，效率和准确性一直是个挑战。文献综述指出了以往研究的局限性，促使本研究在基于控制变量的等效问题上探索单目标与多目标的效率和准确性表现，并为更广泛的设计考虑更多算法选项。本研究构建了一个与能源相关的比较实验，其结果在同一单位中，既可以是单目标优化，也可以分成两个目标。该项目旨在减少年度能源消耗，提高太阳能利用潜力。与传统的遗传算法驱动相比，我们的方法侧重于使用一种替代建模算法--径向基函数优化算法（RBFOpt）及其多目标版本 RBFMOpt，在优化能源性能的同时，快速识别迭代办公建筑设计逻辑的新能源需求。此外，该研究还进行了 RBFOpt 和协方差矩阵适应进化策略（CMAES）在单目标比较中的比较研究，以及 RBFMOpt 和非支配排序遗传算法 II（NSGA-II）在多目标优化过程中的比较研究。这些 Opt 算法集与进化算法的比较有助于提供数据驱动的证据，以支持早期设计决策。

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引用次数: 0

Revitalizing urban spaces: Ten key lessons from the “Viaduc des arts” adaptive reuse and placemaking 振兴城市空间：从 "Viaduc des arts "的改造再利用和场所营造中汲取的十条重要经验

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.011

This study focuses on the adaptive reuse and placemaking of the Viaduc des Arts, an obsolete viaduct in Paris, and examines its impact on the city's economic, urban, cultural, and sustainable identities. It aims to showcase unconventional solutions applied to create an elevated linear park and a coherent commercial identity under the vaults while enhancing the district's imageability and attractiveness.

Employing a mixed-methods approach, this study analyzes various action modes in architectural and urban regeneration, highlighting ten valuable lessons learned from the Viaduc des Arts rehabilitation. These lessons provide crucial insights into effective urban regeneration and placemaking strategies, emphasizing the need to update objectives and employ appropriate methodologies for future projects. The Viaduc des Arts serves as a paradigmatic case study, demonstrating the successful transformation of an obsolete viaduct into a commercial, vibrant cultural, and urban space, underscoring the importance of updating urban regeneration objectives.

本研究的重点是对巴黎一座废弃的高架桥--艺术大道（Viaduc des Arts）的改造再利用和场所营造，并探讨其对城市经济、城市、文化和可持续发展特性的影响。本研究采用混合方法，分析了建筑和城市改造中的各种行动模式，重点介绍了从 Viaduc des Arts 改造中汲取的十条宝贵经验。这些经验教训为有效的城市更新和场所营造战略提供了重要启示，强调了在未来项目中更新目标和采用适当方法的必要性。Viaduc des Arts 是一个典型的案例研究，展示了将一座陈旧的高架桥成功改造成商业、充满活力的文化和城市空间的过程，强调了更新城市更新目标的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of perceived value and behavioral intentions of citizens in Chinese commercially open communities: A case study of Liuyun Community 中国商业开放社区中市民的感知价值和行为意向评估：流云社区案例研究

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.07.006

Yuanyi Xie , Zijian Miao , Xinyue Gu , Wenchu Zhang , Zipei Zhen , Yi Huang

As urban development shifts from the incremental era to the stock era, urban design is becoming increasingly focused on high-quality living and human needs. However, the opening of traditional communities has been insufficiently examined. This study took Liuyun Community, a typical open community in Guangzhou (China) that has undergone a transformation from residential to commercial use, as its research object. First, more than 300 residents, tourists, and merchants were surveyed via questionnaires administered in field investigations and interviews. Next, the data from the completed questionnaires were used to construct a structural equation model consisting of five dimensions, namely commercial service value, cost value, risk value, perceptual value, and social value. The data were then analyzed to determine the correlations between perceived value and behavioral intention, satisfaction, and other psychological attributes. The following results were obtained: (1) As commercial activities in the community increased, the influence of social value, cost value, and commercial service value on behavioral intention decreased. (2) The open community inevitably had negative impacts on its citizens. However, these negative impacts were mitigated to some extent by high levels of social value. (3) Perceptions of commercial service value varied between groups.

随着城市发展从增量时代转向存量时代，城市设计越来越注重高品质生活和人的需求。然而，人们对传统社区的开放性研究不足。本研究以广州一个典型的开放式社区--流云社区为研究对象，该社区经历了从住宅到商业的转型。首先，通过实地调查和访谈的方式，对 300 多名居民、游客和商户进行了问卷调查。然后，利用问卷数据构建了一个结构方程模型，该模型包括五个维度，即商业服务价值、成本价值、风险价值、感知价值和社会价值。然后对数据进行分析，以确定感知价值与行为意向、满意度和其他心理属性之间的相关性。结果如下：（1）随着社区商业活动的增加，社会价值、成本价值和商业服务价值对行为意向的影响降低。(2) 开放式社区不可避免地会对市民产生负面影响。然而，高水平的社会价值在一定程度上缓解了这些负面影响。(3) 不同群体对商业服务价值的认知存在差异。

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引用次数: 0

A study of the inhibitory effect and mechanism of airflow regarding mould on building surfaces 气流对建筑表面霉菌的抑制作用和机制研究

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.007

Air movement dries surfaces by increasing evaporation and convection, which may prevent mould growth. Cladosporium sp. is used as the test organism (dominant fungi in the envelope of rural houses in hot summer and warm winter areas), and the effect of fans on inhibiting mould growth on building materials is investigated. Surface mould growth on materials was simulated and compared after rain leakage and surface condensation, and spore germination was studied in high humidity, with or without airflow. The results are as follows: (1) Airflow has an evident inhibitory effect on mould growth on wet building materials. This observation was linked to the availability of moisture content in the building materials. (2) Airflow can slow the appearance of visual mould on the material surface. Mould did not appear on the gypsum surface due to the airflow, and mould growth on a wood surface was delayed for about two days. (3) Periodically, spore eluates were examined by electron microscopy to determine the stage of spore germination, and it was found that airflow delayed mould spore germination for about 2–3 days.

空气流动可通过增加蒸发和对流使表面干燥，从而防止霉菌生长。以 Cladosporium sp.（夏热冬暖地区农村房屋围护结构中的主要真菌）为试验生物，研究了风扇对抑制建筑材料上霉菌生长的影响。模拟并比较了漏雨和表面冷凝后材料表面霉菌的生长情况，并研究了高湿度、有无气流条件下孢子的萌发情况。结果如下(1) 气流对潮湿建筑材料上的霉菌生长有明显的抑制作用。这一观察结果与建筑材料的含水量有关。(2) 气流可减缓材料表面出现可视霉菌的速度。由于气流的作用，石膏表面没有出现霉菌，而木材表面的霉菌生长则推迟了约两天。(3) 定期用电子显微镜检查孢子洗脱液，以确定孢子的发芽阶段，结果发现气流可延迟霉菌孢子发芽约 2-3 天。

引用次数: 0

Unraveling the legacy of estancias: Territorial development and housing transformations in Buenos Aires 解开 estancias 的遗产：布宜诺斯艾利斯的国土开发与住房变革

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.03.006

Between the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the productive Pampa cattle ranch, locally known as “estancia,” underwent three developmental stages in the process of territorialization within the northwestern province of Buenos Aires. Each of these stages covers various dimensions—social, economic, political, cultural, and environmental—that collectively define the estancia's role as a territorial agent. The research employs a methodology that combines qualitative approaches through documentary analysis, along with bibliographical and cartographic review, complemented by fieldwork. This work examines into the changes and transformations within the territory, as well as housing adaptations, which are manifested in the construction of dwellings and their environs. These changes occur in a context where urban culture intertwined with the rural productive scene. Furthermore, it postulates that the inter-century territorial dynamics covering the 19th and 20th centuries serve as an enduring legacy of identity for the 21st century.

19 世纪末至 20 世纪初，布宜诺斯艾利斯省西北部的生产性潘帕牧场（当地称为 "庄园"）在领土化进程中经历了三个发展阶段。每个阶段都涵盖了社会、经济、政治、文化和环境等不同方面，这些方面共同界定了庄园作为领地代理人的角色。研究采用的方法是通过文献分析、书目和地图审查，结合定性方法，并辅以实地考察。这项工作研究了领地内的变化和转型，以及住房的调整，这些都体现在住宅及其周边环境的建设上。这些变化发生在城市文化与农村生产场景相互交织的背景下。此外，它还假设 19 世纪和 20 世纪的跨世纪领土动态是 21 世纪身份认同的持久遗产。

引用次数: 0

“Interface-element-perception” model to evaluation of urban sidewalk visual landscape in the core area of Beijing 北京核心区城市人行道视觉景观评价的 "界面-要素-感知 "模型

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2023.12.006

This study investigates the relationship between sidewalk space and pedestrians, as well as how the design and improvement of sidewalk visual landscapes can enhance pedestrians' psychological restoration. Sidewalk quality in China varies, making it challenging to meet the urban residents' expectations for sidewalk environments. In this research, psychological perception experiments were conducted on 60 sidewalks in the core functional area of Beijing. The visual landscape of the sidewalk was divided into four dimensions: canopy, ground plane, roadside plane, and building wall. In this study, a total of 52 spatial elements were extracted and evaluated based on the dimensions of fascination, being-away, coherence, and scope in relation to pedestrians' psychological perception. The findings confirm that urban greenery and street accessibility, among other spatial elements, significantly positively influence pedestrians' willingness to walk. Furthermore, a balanced distribution of elements within sidewalk space can better enhance pedestrians' psychological restoration capabilities.

本研究探讨了人行道空间与行人之间的关系，以及人行道视觉景观的设计和改善如何增强行人的心理修复能力。中国的人行道质量参差不齐，要满足城市居民对人行道环境的期望具有挑战性。本研究对北京核心功能区的 60 条人行道进行了心理感知实验。人行道的视觉景观分为四个维度：天棚、地平面、路边平面和建筑墙面。本研究共提取了 52 个空间要素，并从着迷度、远离度、连贯性和范围等维度对其与行人心理感知的关系进行了评价。研究结果证实，城市绿化和街道可达性等空间要素对行人的步行意愿有显著的积极影响。此外，人行道空间要素的均衡分布可以更好地增强行人的心理修复能力。

引用次数: 0

Understanding children's active school commute, independent mobility, and physical activity in Austin, Texas, USA: Roles of physical environments 了解美国德克萨斯州奥斯汀市儿童的上下学时间、独立行动能力和体育活动：物理环境的作用

IF 3.1 1区艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE

Frontiers of Architectural Research

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.foar.2024.02.016

Walking to/from school (WTS) is an important form of habitual and healthful physical activity (PA). This cross-sectional study examined the multilevel correlates of WTS among elementary school children in Austin, Texas, and whether WTS and neighborhood environmental factors were associated with increased independent mobility and PA. A parent survey was conducted, and geographic information systems were used to calculate the shortest home-to-school distance. Binary logistic regressions were used to predict the outcomes. Distance, physical barriers (e.g., highway/freeway/busy roads), neighborhood environmental quality, and traffic concerns were significant predictors for WTS. Having a school within the neighborhood and unsupervised play increased the likelihood of independent travel to non-school destinations. Sidewalk availability and condition, having a friend's/relative's house in the neighborhood that the child visits frequently, and independent travel to non-school destinations predicted an increased likelihood of unsupervised outdoor play. Stranger danger reduced the likelihood of both independent travel and unsupervised play. Easy access to services and unsupervised play increased the likelihood of meeting PA guidelines. This study identified modifiable environmental predictors of WTS, independent mobility, and meeting PA guidelines. Future PA promotion should consider strategies that can encourage not only WTS but also independent travel to non-school destinations and unsupervised outdoor play.

步行上下学（WTS）是一种重要的习惯性健康体育活动（PA）形式。这项横断面研究考察了德克萨斯州奥斯汀市小学生步行上下学的多层次相关性，以及步行上下学和邻里环境因素是否与独立活动能力和体育锻炼的增加有关。该研究进行了一项家长调查，并使用地理信息系统计算了家庭与学校之间的最短距离。二元逻辑回归用于预测结果。距离、物理障碍（如高速公路/免费公路/繁忙的道路）、社区环境质量和交通问题都是WTS的重要预测因素。社区内有学校和无人看管的玩耍会增加独立前往非学校目的地的可能性。人行道的可用性和状况、孩子经常去的邻居朋友/亲戚家以及独立前往非学校目的地都会增加孩子在无人看管的情况下进行户外游戏的可能性。陌生人危险会降低孩子独立出行和在无人看管的情况下玩耍的可能性。容易获得服务和无人看管的玩耍增加了达到 PA 指南要求的可能性。本研究发现了可改变的环境因素，这些因素可预测WTS、独立行动能力和达到活动量指南要求的可能性。未来的活动量促进工作应考虑不仅能鼓励儿童外出活动，还能鼓励儿童独立前往非学校目的地和在无人看管的情况下进行户外游戏的策略。

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引用次数: 0

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