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Does gender diversity improve CSR reporting? Evidence from the Central and West Balkan banking sector 性别多样性能改善企业社会责任报告吗?来自巴尔干中部和西部银行业的证据
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/14
Goranka Knežević, Vladan Pavlović, Radica Bojičić
This study aims to investigate the effect of gender diversity in board of directors in banks on environmental, economic, social, and governance (CSR) reporting. The sample comprises 85 banks operating in the Central and West Balkan region. Research results suggest that gender diversity in a two-tier board system in bank boards does not affect CSR reporting as measured by the constructed EESG index with statistical significance. However, taking into consideration specific elements of this index, we found that gender diversity on the supervisory board had a positive effect on variables that compose this index. This is the first study to provide insight into gender and the CSR reporting nexus in the Central and West Balkan region. This study contributes to the discussions on those issues in a global scale and in terms of the banking sector in particular.
本研究旨在探讨银行董事会性别多样性对环境、经济、社会和治理(CSR)报告的影响。样本包括在中巴尔干和西巴尔干地区经营的85家银行。研究结果表明,用构建的EESG指数衡量,双层董事会制度下的银行董事会性别多样性对企业社会责任报告没有影响,且具有统计学显著性。然而,考虑到该指数的具体因素,我们发现监事会的性别多样性对构成该指数的变量具有积极影响。这是第一个深入了解中巴尔干和西巴尔干地区性别与企业社会责任报告关系的研究。这项研究有助于在全球范围内讨论这些问题,特别是在银行业方面。
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引用次数: 0
Institutional perception of e-recruitment adoption in Nepal: Evidence from structural equation modeling 尼泊尔电子招聘采用的制度认知:来自结构方程模型的证据
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/12
Krishna Dhakal, Piotr Baczar, Niranjan Devkota, Udaya Raj Paudel, Szilvia Szabó
Awareness of the significance of adapting e-recruitment and applying various management strategies has increased in private corporate organizations. This study aims to investigate the institutional perception of e-recruitment adoption in Kathmandu valley, Nepal by employing the notion of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Self-Disclosure Theory (SDT). Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and AMOS softwares are used to analyze data gathered from 286 Nepalese private organizations in Kathmandu valley between February 13 and March 10, 2022. The results indicate that private organizations in the Kathmandu valley are wary of completely embracing e-recruitment due to trust and privacy issues. This paper can be seen as an important message to Nepalese Human Resources sector, policymakers, the government and customers. Moreover, it has important theoretical implications explained from the standpoint of TAM and SDT theories. Practically, this is one of the latest attempts to assess and report on the breadth of e-recruitment adoption in Nepal’s private sector.
私营企业组织越来越意识到采用电子招聘和应用各种管理策略的重要性。本研究旨在运用技术接受模型(TAM)和自我披露理论(SDT)的概念,探讨尼泊尔加德满都谷地企业对电子招聘采用的制度性认知。结构方程模型(SEM)和AMOS软件用于分析2022年2月13日至3月10日期间加德满都谷地286个尼泊尔私人组织收集的数据。结果表明,由于信任和隐私问题,加德满都山谷的私人组织对完全接受电子招聘持谨慎态度。本文可被视为尼泊尔人力资源部门、政策制定者、政府和客户的重要信息。此外,从TAM和SDT理论的角度来解释这一问题具有重要的理论意义。实际上,这是评估和报告尼泊尔私营部门采用电子招聘的广度的最新尝试之一。
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引用次数: 0
The role of culture and government adaptability in determining countries‘ economic performance 文化和政府适应性在决定国家经济表现中的作用
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/1
Anna Shostya, Moshe Banai, Julieth Saenz-Molina
This study is an addition to the body of research about the relationship between culture, governance, and national economic performance. Specifically, it focuses on the mediating role of government in the relationship between national culture and Gross Domestic Product growth. We utilize the GLOBE study’s eight cultural dimensions and the World Economic Forum’s Government Adaptability Index to conduct a cross-sectional analysis in fifty-seven countries. Our results indicate that institutionally collectivist and future oriented societies are more likely to have governments that are adaptable to economic and technological changes and, thus, have a greater capacity to stimulate the output per capita growth. Additionally, the results suggest that cultural dimensions are related to each other, and these relationships may improve national economic performance. The findings provide valuable insights into policy decision-making and leadership.
这项研究是对文化、治理和国家经济绩效之间关系的研究的补充。具体而言,它侧重于政府在民族文化和国内生产总值增长之间的关系中的中介作用。我们利用GLOBE研究的八个文化维度和世界经济论坛的政府适应性指数对57个国家进行了横断面分析。我们的研究结果表明,制度上的集体主义和面向未来的社会更有可能拥有适应经济和技术变革的政府,因此,有更大的能力刺激人均产出增长。此外,研究结果表明,文化维度是相互关联的,这些关系可能会提高国民经济绩效。这些发现为政策决策和领导力提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 1
Is there interest in green deal research in Central Asia? 中亚地区是否对绿色交易研究感兴趣?
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/16
Gulbakhyt Olzhebayeva, Timur Buldybayev, Dainius Pavalkis, Anel A. Kireyeva, Astrida Miceikienė
Research activities play a critical role in facilitating growth and promoting sustainable development. However, the scientific interest level in the European Green Deal in Central Asia remains uncertain. Therefore, this research paper aims to define the interest of Central Asian researchers in the Green Deal. A literature review was conducted using the bibliographic analysis method for Web of Science publications published over 2018-2023 and originating from Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Co-occurrence analysis of keywords and co-authorship analysis were performed using the VosViewer 1.6.19 software. The co-occurrence analysis revealed that the Green Deal is a complex and interdisciplinary issue that highlights the importance of collaboration among stakeholders and researchers from different sectors. The co-authorship analysis identified the patterns of collaboration among authors, with many working with international partners. The distribution of publications and citations varied across different countries and keywords related to environmental and sustainability topics. It was also found that the number of publications has been increasing. Finally, correlation and regression analysis were applied to identify the factors that influence publication activity about the Green Deal.
研究活动在促进增长和促进可持续发展方面发挥着关键作用。然而,科学对《欧洲绿色协议》在中亚的兴趣程度仍然不确定。因此,本文旨在界定中亚研究人员对绿色协议的兴趣。采用文献分析方法对2018-2023年发表的来自哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦的Web of Science出版物进行文献综述。使用VosViewer 1.6.19软件进行关键词共现分析和合著分析。共现分析表明,绿色协议是一个复杂的跨学科问题,强调了不同部门的利益相关者和研究人员之间合作的重要性。共同作者分析确定了作者之间的合作模式,其中许多人与国际伙伴合作。与环境和可持续性主题有关的出版物和引文在不同国家和关键词的分布情况各不相同。还发现出版物的数量一直在增加。最后,运用相关和回归分析找出影响绿色协议出版活动的因素。
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引用次数: 1
The effect of job insecurity on organizational trust during the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the aviation sector COVID-19大流行期间工作不安全感对组织信任的影响:来自航空部门的证据
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/9
Didem Rodoplu Şahin, Mustafa Aslan, Kübra Cingöz
Due to the novel COVID-19, millions of workers in the aviation industry have lost their jobs, and most of the remaining employees experience unemployment anxiety. This study aims to investigate the effects of job insecurity on both managerial and organizational trust and the mediating role of unemployment anxiety in hopes of improving employees’ well-being and promoting business continuity. In this cross-sectional study, the convenient sampling method was adopted. The research was conducted with the participation of aviation sector employees (n=210) of ground handling companies located in Turkiye. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was performed on the collected data for hypothesis testing. As per the results obtained from the study, quantitative job insecurity increases pessimism and adversely affects managerial trust and organizational trust (through managerial trust). Moreover, qualitative insecurity increases optimism, which adversely affects managerial trust. Managerial trust affects organizational trust positively. This study reveals that qualitative job insecurity led the employees to retain optimism but damaged both management and organizational trust during the COVID-19 pandemic. Quantitative job insecurity, on the other hand, caused pessimism and, as a result, affected managerial trust negatively.
由于新型冠状病毒感染症(COVID-19),航空业数百万工人失去了工作,剩下的大多数员工都有失业焦虑。本研究旨在探讨工作不安全感对管理信任和组织信任的影响,以及失业焦虑的中介作用,以期提高员工幸福感,促进企业的延续性。在横断面研究中,采用方便抽样的方法。该研究是在土耳其地勤服务公司航空部门员工(n=210)的参与下进行的。对收集的数据进行偏最小二乘结构方程建模(PLS-SEM)进行假设检验。根据研究结果,定量的工作不安全感会增加悲观情绪,并对管理信任和组织信任(通过管理信任)产生不利影响。此外,质量上的不安全感增加了乐观主义,这对管理信任产生了不利影响。管理者信任正向影响组织信任。本研究表明,在COVID-19大流行期间,定性工作不安全感导致员工保持乐观,但损害了管理和组织的信任。另一方面,数量上的工作不安全感引起悲观情绪,从而对管理信任产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Employment effects of childcare availability: Evidence from European Union 托儿服务对就业的影响:来自欧盟的证据
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/5
Borbála Szüle
There are several factors that contribute to the success of a society. Economic and demographic developments are known as important drivers, while the role of parental employment as a key component is sometimes overlooked. This paper focuses on the effects of childcare availability on female and male employment in the European Union regions. Regional differences may be significant, therefore separate panel regression models (with economic and demographic control variables) are established for regions in old and new member states, and the results are compared across different levels of male and female educational attainment. The findings suggest that there is a considerable difference between old and new members states. The availability of early childhood educational development significantly increases employment both for female and male employees with higher education levels in new members states, while this effect is not significant in old member states. For male employees with relatively low education levels, the availability of early childhood educational development does have a significant effect on employment both in old and new member states but this does not hold for female employees with lower education levels.
一个社会的成功有几个因素。众所周知,经济和人口发展是重要的驱动因素,而父母就业作为关键组成部分的作用有时被忽视。本文主要研究了欧盟地区儿童保育对女性和男性就业的影响。区域差异可能是显著的,因此,在新老成员国建立了独立的面板回归模型(经济和人口控制变量),并在不同水平的男性和女性受教育程度之间进行了比较。调查结果表明,新老成员国之间存在相当大的差异。早期儿童教育发展的可获得性显著增加了新成员国中受过高等教育的男女雇员的就业,而这种影响在老成员国中并不显著。对于受教育程度相对较低的男性员工,幼儿教育发展的可获得性对新老成员国的就业都有显著影响,但对于受教育程度较低的女性员工则不存在这种影响。
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引用次数: 0
Age differences in adaption of persuasion strategies in advertising 广告说服策略适应的年龄差异
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/3
Lyubomira Spasova
This investigation has three aims: (1) to adapt and modify the STPS questionnaire - developed by Kaptein, Markopoulos, Ruyter and Aarts, (2009) as a basic instrument for measuring achieved social influence; (2) to establish susceptibility to Cialdini's persuasion strategies among different age groups; and (3) to determine the advertising effectiveness achieved through advertising messages- based on persuasion principles. The paper used the adapted and modified STPS questionnaire, measured respondents' individual susceptibility to persuasion strategies relative to their age. The results of the univariate analyses of variance show achieved social influence among different age groups in terms of the principles. For respondents aged 46-55, the principle of social proof and commitment and consistency, are relevant; scarcity is significant for 36-45-years old, while authority is dominant for the 56-65 age groups. Positive correlations were found between the persuasion strategies present in advertising: the presence of the reciprocity principle enhanced the influence of the liking and consistency principles to the greatest extent, while the presence of the scarcity principle enhanced the influence of the authority and reciprocity principles. The consumers’ susceptibility to advertising is greatest when consumers’ willingness to purchase is measured against the principle of reciprocity, authority and social proof. On the other hand, offering a stimulus in advertising is most successful when the principles of scarcity, authority, and commitment /consistency are present, and least successful when the principle of liking is present. In older age groups, different consumer sensitivity to persuasion in advertising can be achieved with different combinations of persuasion strategies. These research findings are useful for organizations that offer products and services through advertising.
本研究有三个目的:(1)调整和修改Kaptein、Markopoulos、Ruyter和Aarts(2009)开发的STPS问卷,作为衡量已实现社会影响力的基本工具;(2)建立不同年龄组对Cialdini说服策略的易感性;(3)确定广告信息所达到的广告效果——基于说服原则。本文采用调整和改进的STPS问卷,测量了被调查者对说服策略的个体易感性与年龄的关系。单变量方差分析的结果表明,在不同的年龄组中,在原则方面取得了社会影响。对于46-55岁的受访者来说,社会认同原则、承诺原则和一致性原则是相关的;对于36-45岁的人来说,稀缺是很重要的,而对于56-65岁的人来说,权威是主要的。广告中存在的说服策略之间存在正相关,互惠原则的存在最大程度地增强了喜欢原则和一致性原则的影响,而稀缺性原则的存在增强了权威原则和互惠原则的影响。以互惠原则、权威原则和社会认同原则衡量消费者的购买意愿时,消费者对广告的易感性最大。另一方面,当稀缺、权威和承诺/一致性原则存在时,在广告中提供刺激是最成功的,当喜欢原则存在时,最不成功。在年龄较大的人群中,不同的说服策略组合可以达到不同的消费者对广告说服的敏感度。这些研究结果对通过广告提供产品和服务的组织很有用。
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引用次数: 0
Perceptions of the socioeconomic effects of Venezuelan migration among informal traders in Cartagena de Indias (Colombia) 对卡塔赫纳德印第亚斯(哥伦比亚)非正规贸易商中委内瑞拉移民的社会经济影响的看法
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/15
Francisco Javier Maza-Avila, María del Carmen Pérez-González, Juan Carlos Vergara-Schmalbach
The aim of this article is to analyse the impact of knowledge of Venezuelan migration and of the perceived socioeconomic effects of this migration on the perceptions held by Colombians engaging in informal commercial activities in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, and on the strategies that they adopt to ensure the survival of their informal businesses. A structural equation model was developed based on data from a questionnaire administered to a representative sample of 301 informal traders in the historic centre and beach area in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia. The application of a causal theoretical model allowed the main factors affecting perceptions of migration from Venezuela among Colombian-born informal traders to be assessed. The research results indicated that the variables Knowledge of Venezuelan migration (COM), Social effects of migration (ESM) and Economic effects of migration (EEM) have significant correlation with Perceptions of Venezuelan migration (PHM). Moreover, Economic effects of migration (EEM) correlate significantly with Strategies and actions implemented by informal traders to ensure the survival of their businesses (EAI). The obtained results can be used to develop targeted action plans to contribute to improving these perceptions.
本文的目的是分析委内瑞拉移民知识的影响,以及这种移民对在哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳德印第斯从事非正式商业活动的哥伦比亚人的看法所产生的社会经济影响,以及他们为确保其非正式企业的生存而采取的策略。根据对哥伦比亚卡塔赫纳德印第亚斯历史中心和海滩地区301名非正式商人的代表性样本进行问卷调查的数据,开发了结构方程模型。因果理论模型的应用可以评估影响哥伦比亚出生的非正式贸易商对委内瑞拉移民看法的主要因素。研究结果表明,委内瑞拉移民知识(Knowledge of venezuela migration, COM)、移民社会效应(Social effects of migration, ESM)和移民经济效应(Economic effects of migration, EEM)与委内瑞拉移民认知(Perceptions of venezuela migration, PHM)存在显著相关。此外,移民的经济影响(EEM)与非正规贸易商为确保其业务生存(EAI)而实施的战略和行动显著相关。获得的结果可用于制定有针对性的行动计划,以有助于改善这些看法。
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引用次数: 0
Household consumption and indebtedness: Are there disparities between genders, rural–urban areas, and among income groups? 家庭消费和负债:性别之间、城乡之间、收入群体之间是否存在差异?
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/2
Zun Yuan Wong, Suhal Kusairi, Zairihan Abdul Halim
Recently, household debt has been steadily increasing across the globe. Household consumption is an essential factor in household debt, along with households' characteristics, such as their location, the gender of the household head, and their income group. Therefore, this research investigates the disparities in the impacts of households' characteristics on their indebtedness and consumption. The study utilizes the Household Expenditure and Income Survey conducted in 2019 by the Department of Statistics of Malaysia, which included a simple random sample of 4,730 households. A simultaneous equations model is the employed method of analysis, and the results reveal that the gender of the household head, residential areas, and income groups have differential effects on household consumption and indebtedness through predetermined variables. Specifically, results show that indebtedness has a negative effect on household consumption for the middle-income group (M40); savings are negatively associated with consumption for households living in rural areas and the M40 group. Furthermore, income is positively associated with consumption for rural households and when the household head is female. Finally, household size also has a positive effect on consumption.
最近,全球家庭债务一直在稳步增长。家庭消费是家庭债务的一个重要因素,此外还有家庭的特征,如家庭所在地、户主的性别和收入群体。因此,本研究考察了家庭特征对其负债和消费影响的差异。该研究利用了马来西亚统计局2019年进行的家庭支出和收入调查,其中包括4730个家庭的简单随机样本。采用联立方程模型进行分析,结果表明户主性别、居住区域和收入群体通过预定变量对家庭消费和负债的影响存在差异。具体而言,结果表明,负债对中等收入群体(M40)的家庭消费有负面影响;对于生活在农村地区的家庭和M40群体来说,储蓄与消费呈负相关。此外,当户主为女性时,农村家庭的收入与消费呈正相关。最后,家庭规模对消费也有积极影响。
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引用次数: 0
Managing the pandemic crisis: population-based survey to assess state support measures 管理大流行病危机:以人口为基础的调查,以评估国家支助措施
Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2023/16-3/17
Laura Ashirbekova, Khalima Sansyzbayeva, Aknur Zhidebekkyzy, Anna Janus
The COVID-19 pandemic, a global crisis of unprecedented scale, has profoundly affected societies worldwide, transcending political, economic, cultural, and social boundaries. Kazakhstan, like many countries in the world, faced multifaceted challenges stemming from the pandemic, which revealed vulnerabilities in its governance systems. This study explores the impact of the pandemic on income levels and employment in Kazakhstan and evaluates the effectiveness of government support measures in enhancing the population's well-being. Methodologically, the study employs a population survey conducted over two quarters in 2021, encompassing 7,475 respondents. The survey data were analyzed in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 25. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative analyses, the research is based on statistical estimations, correlation assessments, and visual representations. The results offer significant insights into the pandemic's effect on the income and employment levels of citizens and their assessment of the government's policy actions in Kazakhstan. A notable proportion of respondents reported an income decrease, while employment changes varied across regions and sectors. Furthermore, the study assesses the impact of government support measures, revealing a varied awareness of these measures among the population. The effectiveness of these measures in improving well-being is examined, highlighting the need for enhanced public awareness and implementation strategies. In conclusion, this research contributes valuable insights into the socioeconomic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan for evidence-based policymaking in the future.
新冠肺炎大流行是一场规模空前的全球危机,它超越了政治、经济、文化和社会的界限,深刻影响了世界各国社会。与世界上许多国家一样,哈萨克斯坦面临着疫情带来的多方面挑战,这暴露了其治理体系的脆弱性。本研究探讨了疫情对哈萨克斯坦收入水平和就业的影响,并评估了政府支持措施在提高人民福祉方面的有效性。在方法上,该研究采用了2021年两个季度的人口调查,包括7475名受访者。调查数据在社会科学统计软件包(SPSS),版本25中进行分析。利用定性和定量分析,研究是基于统计估计,相关评估和可视化表示。这些结果为了解疫情对公民收入和就业水平的影响以及他们对哈萨克斯坦政府政策行动的评估提供了重要见解。相当比例的受访者表示收入减少,而就业变化因地区和行业而异。此外,该研究还评估了政府支持措施的影响,揭示了人们对这些措施的不同认识。审查了这些措施在改善福利方面的有效性,强调需要提高公众认识和执行战略。总而言之,这项研究为未来基于证据的政策制定提供了宝贵的见解,有助于了解COVID-19大流行在哈萨克斯坦的社会经济后果。
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引用次数: 0
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