Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/9
Ishay Wolf, Smadar Levi, L. C. Y. Lopez del Rio
. This study adopts a unique angle towards exploring pension plans in a modern western market influenced by aging. In particular, much weight has been attributed to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis and frequent market turmoil. The full set of players involved in the pension system has been considered with its different interests among both the current and future generations In addition, we factor in the difference among earning cohorts. By using the overlapping generations model and Monte Carlo simulations, we note that in a wide macroeconomic range, pension equilibrium among the market's players lies with the unfunded pension scheme despite the significant influence of aging. Contrary to the classic economic arguments presented by the World Bank and IMF, ideas that were widespread during the 1980s and 1990s, the choosing of pension system is much more complex. Public administrations must take into account not only the aging rhythm and market expected yields but also other parameters, such as the current and future utility perspective, the government's debt price, GDP per capita growth rate, risk aversion, and the possibility of market turmoil.
{"title":"Moving toward funded pension scheme: Pure economic argument due to population aging or responsibility abdication of governments?","authors":"Ishay Wolf, Smadar Levi, L. C. Y. Lopez del Rio","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/9","url":null,"abstract":". This study adopts a unique angle towards exploring pension plans in a modern western market influenced by aging. In particular, much weight has been attributed to the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis and frequent market turmoil. The full set of players involved in the pension system has been considered with its different interests among both the current and future generations In addition, we factor in the difference among earning cohorts. By using the overlapping generations model and Monte Carlo simulations, we note that in a wide macroeconomic range, pension equilibrium among the market's players lies with the unfunded pension scheme despite the significant influence of aging. Contrary to the classic economic arguments presented by the World Bank and IMF, ideas that were widespread during the 1980s and 1990s, the choosing of pension system is much more complex. Public administrations must take into account not only the aging rhythm and market expected yields but also other parameters, such as the current and future utility perspective, the government's debt price, GDP per capita growth rate, risk aversion, and the possibility of market turmoil.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44948475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/6
H. Vu, Chijioke E. Nwachukwu
. This study provides insights on entrepreneurial alertness (EA), risk-taking and profitability of micro-sized firms. The direct effects of entrepreneurial alertness on profitability, risk-taking on entrepreneurial alertness and the moderating mechanism of risk-taking are assessed. This research uses surveys completed by micro-sized firms in Ghana. Hypotheses were developed based on the literature review and were validated using data from 150 firms. It was observed that entrepreneurial alertness has significant influence on the profitability of microfirms. Similarly, risk-taking has a predictive impact on entrepreneurial alertness. The connection between entrepreneurial alertness and profitability is not enhanced when risk-taking is added as a moderator. Theoretically, our paper adds to the entrepreneurship literature by using the contingency theory to explain the moderating impact of risk-taking on the entrepreneurial alertness-profitability relationship. Further, the study informs entrepreneurs in developing countries who operate in challenging and volatile business environments of the importance of alertness and risk-taking to profitability.
{"title":"Entrepreneurial alertness and profitability of micro firms: The role of risk-taking","authors":"H. Vu, Chijioke E. Nwachukwu","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/6","url":null,"abstract":". This study provides insights on entrepreneurial alertness (EA), risk-taking and profitability of micro-sized firms. The direct effects of entrepreneurial alertness on profitability, risk-taking on entrepreneurial alertness and the moderating mechanism of risk-taking are assessed. This research uses surveys completed by micro-sized firms in Ghana. Hypotheses were developed based on the literature review and were validated using data from 150 firms. It was observed that entrepreneurial alertness has significant influence on the profitability of microfirms. Similarly, risk-taking has a predictive impact on entrepreneurial alertness. The connection between entrepreneurial alertness and profitability is not enhanced when risk-taking is added as a moderator. Theoretically, our paper adds to the entrepreneurship literature by using the contingency theory to explain the moderating impact of risk-taking on the entrepreneurial alertness-profitability relationship. Further, the study informs entrepreneurs in developing countries who operate in challenging and volatile business environments of the importance of alertness and risk-taking to profitability.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48780204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/4
Santi Setyaningsih, P. Kelle
. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have major difficulties in implementing Supply Chain Management (SCM) strategy. Previous studies show that different types of industries in size, focus, and location have different SCM implementation problems but there is a lack of research on the effect of supply chain structure. This paper addresses this gap by comparing the barrier factors of SMEs with different supply structures. The survey revealed the ranking of the barrier factors in two countries and analyzes the effect of the different SCM structures. With a more complex supply structure, the Indonesian companies suffer more from their organizational factors as their top barriers in the rank order: inadequate performance measure, and management capacity, lack of inter-departmental cooperation in communication, and unclear organization objective. While Hungarian SMEs, having a simpler supply structure, evaluated the lack of financial resources, employees, knowledge of SCM, and poor commitment from other SCM partners as their top barrier factors. The outcomes of this research provide valuable knowledge to managers in priorities of SCM strategy implementation depending on the complexity of their supply structure.
{"title":"Barrier factors of supply chain management implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises: Evidence from Hungary and Indonesia","authors":"Santi Setyaningsih, P. Kelle","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/4","url":null,"abstract":". Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have major difficulties in implementing Supply Chain Management (SCM) strategy. Previous studies show that different types of industries in size, focus, and location have different SCM implementation problems but there is a lack of research on the effect of supply chain structure. This paper addresses this gap by comparing the barrier factors of SMEs with different supply structures. The survey revealed the ranking of the barrier factors in two countries and analyzes the effect of the different SCM structures. With a more complex supply structure, the Indonesian companies suffer more from their organizational factors as their top barriers in the rank order: inadequate performance measure, and management capacity, lack of inter-departmental cooperation in communication, and unclear organization objective. While Hungarian SMEs, having a simpler supply structure, evaluated the lack of financial resources, employees, knowledge of SCM, and poor commitment from other SCM partners as their top barrier factors. The outcomes of this research provide valuable knowledge to managers in priorities of SCM strategy implementation depending on the complexity of their supply structure.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44184047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/19
T. Vasilyeva, Anna Ziółko, O. Kuzmenko, Anna Kapinos, Y. Humenna
. The article deals with the impact of digitalization and COVID-19 on the choice of AML scenarios for reforming the system of tactical and strategic monitoring of transactions carried out by economic entities based on providing good governance. The study period is 2011-2020; the objects of the study are 140 countries. Calculations are performed using Data-Mining methods, such as AML scenarios based on the classification tree method (one-dimensional CART branching method) and clustering of countries according to relevant AML scenarios based on agglomerative methods. There are three stages of research. The first builds a comprehensive system of indicators which involves financial inclusion indicators of the population, the ranking of countries on the Basel AML Index, and effectiveness of the AML policy implementation at the country level. The se cond stage considers countries’ clustering according to the AML scenarios and formalizes the portraits of countries’ clusters. The third stage examines the impact of digitalization and COVID-19 on the choice of AML scenarios. According to the empirical results, adaptability to external factors are formalized in the possible scenarios as a result of such effects. Moreover, the countries’ clustering prove s that the money laundering risks relevant to the country lower and the implementation of the AML measures by the state grows more effective with higher financial inclusion for the population in the country. The study results can be helpful for authorized bodies in providing good governance while conducting financial monitoring and analysis of information on transactions carried out by economic entities. The study considers three stages of its implementation. The first stage involves the construction of a comprehensive set of indicators for the further calculations, included determining the priority financial inclusion indicators with the PCA-method. During the study the general set of financial inclusion indicators are analyzed. They characterize the following forms of financial services access to population: opening (availability) an account, in particular in a financial institution; the amount of savings; the amount of outstanding housing loan; loan to start a business - in terms of such criteria as income level, employment, living rural. The second stage of the study considers clustering the countries according to the AML scenarios based on analysis of financial inclusion indicators, indicators of AML policy effectiveness and directly Basel AML Index Scores within countries; formalizing the portraits of countries’ clusters taking into account both simultaneous and separate consideration of relevant financial inclusion indicators, ranking of countries on the Basel AML Index Score, and indicators of AML policy effectiveness at the country level. While clustering the countries empirical research was implemented on the basis of agglomerative methods of minimum variance. Within that method the countries were
{"title":"Impact of digitalization and the COVID-19 pandemic on the AML scenario: Data mining analysis for good governance","authors":"T. Vasilyeva, Anna Ziółko, O. Kuzmenko, Anna Kapinos, Y. Humenna","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/19","url":null,"abstract":". The article deals with the impact of digitalization and COVID-19 on the choice of AML scenarios for reforming the system of tactical and strategic monitoring of transactions carried out by economic entities based on providing good governance. The study period is 2011-2020; the objects of the study are 140 countries. Calculations are performed using Data-Mining methods, such as AML scenarios based on the classification tree method (one-dimensional CART branching method) and clustering of countries according to relevant AML scenarios based on agglomerative methods. There are three stages of research. The first builds a comprehensive system of indicators which involves financial inclusion indicators of the population, the ranking of countries on the Basel AML Index, and effectiveness of the AML policy implementation at the country level. The se cond stage considers countries’ clustering according to the AML scenarios and formalizes the portraits of countries’ clusters. The third stage examines the impact of digitalization and COVID-19 on the choice of AML scenarios. According to the empirical results, adaptability to external factors are formalized in the possible scenarios as a result of such effects. Moreover, the countries’ clustering prove s that the money laundering risks relevant to the country lower and the implementation of the AML measures by the state grows more effective with higher financial inclusion for the population in the country. The study results can be helpful for authorized bodies in providing good governance while conducting financial monitoring and analysis of information on transactions carried out by economic entities. The study considers three stages of its implementation. The first stage involves the construction of a comprehensive set of indicators for the further calculations, included determining the priority financial inclusion indicators with the PCA-method. During the study the general set of financial inclusion indicators are analyzed. They characterize the following forms of financial services access to population: opening (availability) an account, in particular in a financial institution; the amount of savings; the amount of outstanding housing loan; loan to start a business - in terms of such criteria as income level, employment, living rural. The second stage of the study considers clustering the countries according to the AML scenarios based on analysis of financial inclusion indicators, indicators of AML policy effectiveness and directly Basel AML Index Scores within countries; formalizing the portraits of countries’ clusters taking into account both simultaneous and separate consideration of relevant financial inclusion indicators, ranking of countries on the Basel AML Index Score, and indicators of AML policy effectiveness at the country level. While clustering the countries empirical research was implemented on the basis of agglomerative methods of minimum variance. Within that method the countries were ","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/10
G. Vaznonienė, Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska
. The article focuses on the issue of rural population wellbeing (WB) in Lithuania and Poland using data from different Rounds of European Social Survey (ESS). WB research at the local territorial level, including rural areas in the both countries, has not sufficiently been analyzed. Literature shows that WB research may influence the shaping of the future of rural communities because it concerns local people, their choices, and overall WB. Accordingly, the issue of the WB of the rural population becomes central to the viability and successful development of rural areas from the scientific, practical, and political approaches. The research goal is to identify the specifics of the wellbeing of rural residents in Lithuania and Poland and determine their differences from the territorial perspective. The following research methods were used: literature analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, and statistical analysis methods. The differences in the analysis of the selected socio-economic factors (gender, age and income) showed what has a greater impact on the WB of the rural population in both countries. The WB in rural areas of Lithuania was lower than in Poland, although it was increasing in the both countries over time. The article initially focuses on the theoretical approach towards the WB and its research on rural areas, and then proceeds to the results of the rural population research by comparing the two countries. JEL
{"title":"Territorial dimension of rural population wellbeing: Cases of Lithuania and Poland","authors":"G. Vaznonienė, Agnieszka Wojewódzka-Wiewiórska","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/10","url":null,"abstract":". The article focuses on the issue of rural population wellbeing (WB) in Lithuania and Poland using data from different Rounds of European Social Survey (ESS). WB research at the local territorial level, including rural areas in the both countries, has not sufficiently been analyzed. Literature shows that WB research may influence the shaping of the future of rural communities because it concerns local people, their choices, and overall WB. Accordingly, the issue of the WB of the rural population becomes central to the viability and successful development of rural areas from the scientific, practical, and political approaches. The research goal is to identify the specifics of the wellbeing of rural residents in Lithuania and Poland and determine their differences from the territorial perspective. The following research methods were used: literature analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, and statistical analysis methods. The differences in the analysis of the selected socio-economic factors (gender, age and income) showed what has a greater impact on the WB of the rural population in both countries. The WB in rural areas of Lithuania was lower than in Poland, although it was increasing in the both countries over time. The article initially focuses on the theoretical approach towards the WB and its research on rural areas, and then proceeds to the results of the rural population research by comparing the two countries. JEL","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43793905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/13
Jozef Habánik, Adriana Grenčíková, M. Sramka, Matej Húževka
. The COVID-19 pandemic deeply affects all spheres of public life across countries and regions not only in social, ethical, political and psychological context, but also in economy. The unprecedented circumstances have disturbed the existing processes and activities in the whole society and markedly altered the functioning of the labour market and the behaviour of its actors. Significant government interventions in the labour market have been justified by the introduction of restrictive quarantine measures, which affect the usual procedures. Employers as well as employees have therefore been forced to face new challenges, to which they must adapt flexibly to survive in the labour market. Professional training has also been affected as it has been carried out in virtual space for almost a year. For the time being, we can only suppose the effects on knowledge and skills of the future workforce. In addition to the negative effects, the pandemic has brought opportunities, new challenges, and space for the optimization of human resources which are becoming critically important, especially in production organizations. The use of information and communication technologies has broadened due to the introduction of the smart industry concept, which has a direct impact on the labour market, in particular on changes in labour demand. The requirements for the skills and knowledge of the workforce are changing, as is the way the work is organized. As part of two questionnaire surveys four months apart, we analysed the impact of the introduction of a home office on labour productivity, employee satisfaction as well as social isolation of individuals. The sample size of the first pilot survey was 302 respondents, the second one - 284. We subsequently processed and evaluated the acquired data using a range of statistical methods, reporting only selected results of the surveys in the present study.
{"title":"Changes in the organization of work under the influence of COVID-19 pandemic and Industry 4.0","authors":"Jozef Habánik, Adriana Grenčíková, M. Sramka, Matej Húževka","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/13","url":null,"abstract":". The COVID-19 pandemic deeply affects all spheres of public life across countries and regions not only in social, ethical, political and psychological context, but also in economy. The unprecedented circumstances have disturbed the existing processes and activities in the whole society and markedly altered the functioning of the labour market and the behaviour of its actors. Significant government interventions in the labour market have been justified by the introduction of restrictive quarantine measures, which affect the usual procedures. Employers as well as employees have therefore been forced to face new challenges, to which they must adapt flexibly to survive in the labour market. Professional training has also been affected as it has been carried out in virtual space for almost a year. For the time being, we can only suppose the effects on knowledge and skills of the future workforce. In addition to the negative effects, the pandemic has brought opportunities, new challenges, and space for the optimization of human resources which are becoming critically important, especially in production organizations. The use of information and communication technologies has broadened due to the introduction of the smart industry concept, which has a direct impact on the labour market, in particular on changes in labour demand. The requirements for the skills and knowledge of the workforce are changing, as is the way the work is organized. As part of two questionnaire surveys four months apart, we analysed the impact of the introduction of a home office on labour productivity, employee satisfaction as well as social isolation of individuals. The sample size of the first pilot survey was 302 respondents, the second one - 284. We subsequently processed and evaluated the acquired data using a range of statistical methods, reporting only selected results of the surveys in the present study.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48278643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/5
P. Naomi, Iqbal Akbar
{"title":"Beyond sustainability: Empirical evidence from OECD countries on the connection among natural resources, ESG performances, and economic development","authors":"P. Naomi, Iqbal Akbar","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49582417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/7
J. Bélas, John K. Amoah, J. Dvorský, P. Šuleř
. The aim of this paper is to present new scientific results concerning social media in relation to the SME segment. The empirical research based on a sample of 1,520 respondents from the business sector of the V4 countries provided interesting findings. The role of social media is largely underestimated by the SMEs and such enterprises have untapped capacity for using social media in their management. Additionally, the SMEs insufficiently utilize the opportunity for a more flexible response to market development through social media. Another important finding is that the SMEs do not usually have a clear strategy on how to use social media. Also, organizations in the SME segment do not sufficiently appreciate the contribution of social media to the growth of financial performance. The research confirmed the existence of significant differences in the attitudes of respondents in individual V4 countries. Further findings indicate that the attitudes of SMEs are changing in the context of the new macroeconomic situation. While the use of social media in the favourable phase of the economic cycle was relatively low, their role increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"The importance of social media for management of SMEs","authors":"J. Bélas, John K. Amoah, J. Dvorský, P. Šuleř","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/7","url":null,"abstract":". The aim of this paper is to present new scientific results concerning social media in relation to the SME segment. The empirical research based on a sample of 1,520 respondents from the business sector of the V4 countries provided interesting findings. The role of social media is largely underestimated by the SMEs and such enterprises have untapped capacity for using social media in their management. Additionally, the SMEs insufficiently utilize the opportunity for a more flexible response to market development through social media. Another important finding is that the SMEs do not usually have a clear strategy on how to use social media. Also, organizations in the SME segment do not sufficiently appreciate the contribution of social media to the growth of financial performance. The research confirmed the existence of significant differences in the attitudes of respondents in individual V4 countries. Further findings indicate that the attitudes of SMEs are changing in the context of the new macroeconomic situation. While the use of social media in the favourable phase of the economic cycle was relatively low, their role increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42704830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/14
Bilal Khalid, M. Urbański
. The study explores the factors that drive migration to Poland and Thailand. It investigated how economic, political, environmental, and social factors impact on workers decision to migrate in search of greener pastures. The research is hinged on the Push-Pull Migration Model. The research populations consisted of a total of 762 purposively selected respondents; 452 were selected from Bangkok and Phuket, Thailand, while 310 were selected from Warsaw in Poland. The study was quantitative research that applied SEM analysis for data interpretation. Findings indicated that 76% of the migrants to Thailand have at least a university degree compared to 24% with a high school certificate or less, while for Poland, 68% have at least a university degree compared to 32% with a high school certificate or less. SEM analysis revealed that only the economic push and pull factors were accepted in both Thailand and Poland/ The results reinforced the significant influence of unemployment, poverty, high employment, and high wages, while acknowledging the impact of political and social factors. The significance of environmental factors from the findings was underwhelming.
{"title":"Approaches to understanding migration: A multi-country analysis of the push and pull migration trend","authors":"Bilal Khalid, M. Urbański","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-4/14","url":null,"abstract":". The study explores the factors that drive migration to Poland and Thailand. It investigated how economic, political, environmental, and social factors impact on workers decision to migrate in search of greener pastures. The research is hinged on the Push-Pull Migration Model. The research populations consisted of a total of 762 purposively selected respondents; 452 were selected from Bangkok and Phuket, Thailand, while 310 were selected from Warsaw in Poland. The study was quantitative research that applied SEM analysis for data interpretation. Findings indicated that 76% of the migrants to Thailand have at least a university degree compared to 24% with a high school certificate or less, while for Poland, 68% have at least a university degree compared to 32% with a high school certificate or less. SEM analysis revealed that only the economic push and pull factors were accepted in both Thailand and Poland/ The results reinforced the significant influence of unemployment, poverty, high employment, and high wages, while acknowledging the impact of political and social factors. The significance of environmental factors from the findings was underwhelming.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47949085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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