Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-3/7
Khatai Aliyev, Altay Ismayilov, I. Gasimov, Asmar Isayeva
. Illegal international emigration has been one of the biggest challenges during the last decade. Intention to emigrate is a step before making an emigration decision and releasing the aspirations. The issue is crucial for both sending and receiving country, depending on the immigrant's life satisfaction whether it is a “happiness” or an “unhappiness” move. The study aims to investigate the impact of life (dis)satisfaction on intention to emigrate from the Muslim-majority society – Azerbaijan by using the representative survey data of 1317 respondents (n male =718, n female =599, Mean age
{"title":"Unhappy moves? Assessing the link between life (dis)satisfaction and intention to emigrate in Azerbaijan","authors":"Khatai Aliyev, Altay Ismayilov, I. Gasimov, Asmar Isayeva","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-3/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-3/7","url":null,"abstract":". Illegal international emigration has been one of the biggest challenges during the last decade. Intention to emigrate is a step before making an emigration decision and releasing the aspirations. The issue is crucial for both sending and receiving country, depending on the immigrant's life satisfaction whether it is a “happiness” or an “unhappiness” move. The study aims to investigate the impact of life (dis)satisfaction on intention to emigrate from the Muslim-majority society – Azerbaijan by using the representative survey data of 1317 respondents (n male =718, n female =599, Mean age","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45081343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/17
T. Vasilyeva
The article uses neural networks to model the effects of quarantine restrictions on the most important indicators of the country's socio-economic development. The authors selected the most relevant indicators and formed a specific sequence of its calculation to study the direction of transforming the trajectory of socio-economic development of a particular country due to quarantine restrictions. They used a multilayer MLP perceptron and networks based on radial basis functions. They chose BFGS and RBFT algorithms in neural network modeling. Collinearity study was the basis for data mining in terms of key factors of change. The author's approach is unique due to an iterative procedure of numerical optimization and quasi-Newton methods ("self-learning" and step-by-step "improvement" of neural networks). The model projected gross domestic product and the number of unemployed in the country affected by the COVID-19 pandemic over the three years.
{"title":"Neural network modeling of the economic and social development trajectory transformation due to quarantine restrictions during COVID-19","authors":"T. Vasilyeva","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/17","url":null,"abstract":"The article uses neural networks to model the effects of quarantine restrictions on the most important indicators of the country's socio-economic development. The authors selected the most relevant indicators and formed a specific sequence of its calculation to study the direction of transforming the trajectory of socio-economic development of a particular country due to quarantine restrictions. They used a multilayer MLP perceptron and networks based on radial basis functions. They chose BFGS and RBFT algorithms in neural network modeling. Collinearity study was the basis for data mining in terms of key factors of change. The author's approach is unique due to an iterative procedure of numerical optimization and quasi-Newton methods (\"self-learning\" and step-by-step \"improvement\" of neural networks). The model projected gross domestic product and the number of unemployed in the country affected by the COVID-19 pandemic over the three years.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45072978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/16
Nusanee Meekaewkunchorn, Katarzyna Szczepańska-Woszczyna, Chaiyawit Muangmee, Nuttapon Kassakorn, Bilal Khalid
{"title":"Entrepreneurial orientation and SME performance: The mediating role of learning orientation","authors":"Nusanee Meekaewkunchorn, Katarzyna Szczepańska-Woszczyna, Chaiyawit Muangmee, Nuttapon Kassakorn, Bilal Khalid","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43492297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/15
S. Sujarwoto
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/15 ABSTRACT Although subjective well-being (SWB) has attracted policy-makers and researchers in the last decades, only a few studies exist on measuring the multidimensional measure of SWB and its determinants in a developing country context. In this study, we examine a multidimensional measure of SWB to identify its demographic and social determinants in Indonesia. A multidimensional measure of SWB was calculated based on the OECD SWB measure. For this analysis, we have used a unique representative national dataset, Indonesia’s Happiness Survey 2017, consisting of 72,317 respondents aged 18 years and older, representing all of the country’s 34 provinces. The results show that disparities in SWB exist across population groups, urban/rural groups, and the residents of various provinces and islands across the country. SWB shows consistent associations with household income, housing conditions, unemployment status, environmental quality, health status, work-life balance, social connectedness, neighborhood trust, personal security and personality. Contrasting relationships were found between SWB and household size, education and residence on certain islands. SWB may capture different information about personal well-being and quality of life than HDI and GDP. Policy makers are expected to monitor social and development progress as well as to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of quality of life in Indonesia.
{"title":"Development as happiness: A multidimensional analysis of subjective well-being in Indonesia","authors":"S. Sujarwoto","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/15","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/15 ABSTRACT Although subjective well-being (SWB) has attracted policy-makers and researchers in the last decades, only a few studies exist on measuring the multidimensional measure of SWB and its determinants in a developing country context. In this study, we examine a multidimensional measure of SWB to identify its demographic and social determinants in Indonesia. A multidimensional measure of SWB was calculated based on the OECD SWB measure. For this analysis, we have used a unique representative national dataset, Indonesia’s Happiness Survey 2017, consisting of 72,317 respondents aged 18 years and older, representing all of the country’s 34 provinces. The results show that disparities in SWB exist across population groups, urban/rural groups, and the residents of various provinces and islands across the country. SWB shows consistent associations with household income, housing conditions, unemployment status, environmental quality, health status, work-life balance, social connectedness, neighborhood trust, personal security and personality. Contrasting relationships were found between SWB and household size, education and residence on certain islands. SWB may capture different information about personal well-being and quality of life than HDI and GDP. Policy makers are expected to monitor social and development progress as well as to obtain a more comprehensive understanding of quality of life in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46690433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/2
Orkhan Nadirov, B. Dehning, D. Pavelková
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/2 ABSTRACT. This study examines the impact of taxes on the incentive to work under flat and progressive tax systems. Of particular interest are the changes from progressiveto-flat and flat-to-progressive tax conditions. To measure the impact of taxes on the incentive to work under both scenarios, we relate hours worked with the effective marginal tax rates. Using national accounts data and the Prescott’s (2004) labor market model, Slovakian work hours were examined at points in time around the adoption of a flat tax system in 2004 and a progressive tax system in 2013. In Slovakia, there was a transition from a progressive to a flat tax system in 2004, followed by a reversion back to a progressive tax system in 2013. Theoretically, the incentive to work increases when a progressive tax structure is replaced with a flat tax, while the incentive to work decreases in the opposite case. However, the findings show that when Slovakia replaced its progressive tax with a flat one, the actual hours worked decreased, contrary to predictions. When the flat tax was abandoned in favor of a progressive tax structure, hours worked also decreased, but less than when the flat tax was introduced, and significantly less than predicted by the model.
{"title":"Taxes and the incentive to work under flat and progressive tax systems in Slovakia","authors":"Orkhan Nadirov, B. Dehning, D. Pavelková","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/2","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/2 ABSTRACT. This study examines the impact of taxes on the incentive to work under flat and progressive tax systems. Of particular interest are the changes from progressiveto-flat and flat-to-progressive tax conditions. To measure the impact of taxes on the incentive to work under both scenarios, we relate hours worked with the effective marginal tax rates. Using national accounts data and the Prescott’s (2004) labor market model, Slovakian work hours were examined at points in time around the adoption of a flat tax system in 2004 and a progressive tax system in 2013. In Slovakia, there was a transition from a progressive to a flat tax system in 2004, followed by a reversion back to a progressive tax system in 2013. Theoretically, the incentive to work increases when a progressive tax structure is replaced with a flat tax, while the incentive to work decreases in the opposite case. However, the findings show that when Slovakia replaced its progressive tax with a flat one, the actual hours worked decreased, contrary to predictions. When the flat tax was abandoned in favor of a progressive tax structure, hours worked also decreased, but less than when the flat tax was introduced, and significantly less than predicted by the model.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43904962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/7
M. Civelek, A. Ključnikov, V. Fialova, Andrea Folvarčná, Milan Stoch
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/7 ABSTRACT. Innovation is one of the most crucial factors that make SMEs differentiate themselves against their competitors to generate more income, profit, and exports. In this context, this research explores the differences in family-owned SMEs' innovativeness by highlighting the most common obstacles that family-owned SMEs face. In parallel with this purpose, 350 family-owned SMEs in Czechia are examined. The researchers created a selfadministered and internet-mediated questionnaire and sent it to the survey respondents that were intentionally sampled to collect the research data. We used the independent Sample T-test performed in SPSS to analyze the differences between the selected variables. According to the results, this paper confirms the nonexistence of the differences between innovativeness of SMEs. Significant constraints of SMEs regarding innovative actions such as lacking finance and human resources, protection of intellectual properties and educational status of owners/entrepreneurs might be the reasons behind these results. In this regard, implications of policy makers and other institutions to encourage innovative posture of SMEs might be convenient for them to compete with their larger rivals.
{"title":"Major obstacles in innovative activities of family-owned SMEs: Evidence from Czechia","authors":"M. Civelek, A. Ključnikov, V. Fialova, Andrea Folvarčná, Milan Stoch","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/7","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/7 ABSTRACT. Innovation is one of the most crucial factors that make SMEs differentiate themselves against their competitors to generate more income, profit, and exports. In this context, this research explores the differences in family-owned SMEs' innovativeness by highlighting the most common obstacles that family-owned SMEs face. In parallel with this purpose, 350 family-owned SMEs in Czechia are examined. The researchers created a selfadministered and internet-mediated questionnaire and sent it to the survey respondents that were intentionally sampled to collect the research data. We used the independent Sample T-test performed in SPSS to analyze the differences between the selected variables. According to the results, this paper confirms the nonexistence of the differences between innovativeness of SMEs. Significant constraints of SMEs regarding innovative actions such as lacking finance and human resources, protection of intellectual properties and educational status of owners/entrepreneurs might be the reasons behind these results. In this regard, implications of policy makers and other institutions to encourage innovative posture of SMEs might be convenient for them to compete with their larger rivals.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46061536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/10
Miroslav Jurásek, Naděžda Petrů, Z. Caha, J. Bélas
. In the awareness of both academicians and the public, family businesses are associated with such values as honor, trust and trustworthiness, ethics, innovativeness, integrity, continuity, love, wisdom, stability, etc. Family businesses make reference to these unique, emotionally-charged aspects as part of their presentation, corporate social responsibility activities, and marketing campaigns. These values may be referred to as Socioemotional Wealth (SEW). In recent times, this topic has become a dominant paradigm of the family business research. This study is focusing on the analysis of the structure of socioemotional wealth of family businesses in Czech Republic. From the perspective of social psychology, psychosocial factors
{"title":"Values of family businesses in Czech Republic in the context of socioemotional wealth","authors":"Miroslav Jurásek, Naděžda Petrů, Z. Caha, J. Bélas","doi":"10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2021/14-2/10","url":null,"abstract":". In the awareness of both academicians and the public, family businesses are associated with such values as honor, trust and trustworthiness, ethics, innovativeness, integrity, continuity, love, wisdom, stability, etc. Family businesses make reference to these unique, emotionally-charged aspects as part of their presentation, corporate social responsibility activities, and marketing campaigns. These values may be referred to as Socioemotional Wealth (SEW). In recent times, this topic has become a dominant paradigm of the family business research. This study is focusing on the analysis of the structure of socioemotional wealth of family businesses in Czech Republic. From the perspective of social psychology, psychosocial factors","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45693845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/3
S. Muhamad, Kusairi Suhal, N. Zamri
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/3 ABSTRACT. An immense concern of governments globalwide today is financial inclusion as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Governments arrive at many solutions by addressing the policies to improve financial achievement, mainly through financial education programmes and specifically personal finance. Yet, financial management has such a broad scope and is not limited to just knowledge and financial literacy. Individuals are born with different confidence levels and non-identical financial abilities. This study investigates financial self-efficacy by applying psychometric instruments, risk preference and demography characteristics towards saving decision behaviour. The sample in the survey consisted of 479 respondents in Peninsular Malaysia that then became subject to structural equation modelling. The results show that financial self-efficacy is one of the critical factors that explain individual saving decision behaviour. Also, risk preference, gender and area (rural or urban) determine the saving decision behaviour. This paper also implicates that there might be a gap between the rural and urban levels of financial efficacy that needs government’s action to narrow it.
{"title":"Savings behaviour of bottom income group: Is there any role for financial efficacy and risk preference?","authors":"S. Muhamad, Kusairi Suhal, N. Zamri","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/3","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/3 ABSTRACT. An immense concern of governments globalwide today is financial inclusion as one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Governments arrive at many solutions by addressing the policies to improve financial achievement, mainly through financial education programmes and specifically personal finance. Yet, financial management has such a broad scope and is not limited to just knowledge and financial literacy. Individuals are born with different confidence levels and non-identical financial abilities. This study investigates financial self-efficacy by applying psychometric instruments, risk preference and demography characteristics towards saving decision behaviour. The sample in the survey consisted of 479 respondents in Peninsular Malaysia that then became subject to structural equation modelling. The results show that financial self-efficacy is one of the critical factors that explain individual saving decision behaviour. Also, risk preference, gender and area (rural or urban) determine the saving decision behaviour. This paper also implicates that there might be a gap between the rural and urban levels of financial efficacy that needs government’s action to narrow it.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48675087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/6
J. Oláh, Y. Hidayat, J. Popp, Z. Lakner, S. Kovács
{"title":"Integrative trust and innovation on financial performance in disruptive era","authors":"J. Oláh, Y. Hidayat, J. Popp, Z. Lakner, S. Kovács","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46901318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/5
Masryam Al-Naser, A. Hamdan
DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/5 ABSTRACT. This study aims to examine how public governance impacts and affects economic growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which was established on 25th May 1981 and is active till to date, and whether public governance indicators significantly influence the economic growth of these countries. The study’s sample includes the six GCC countries in the period of 19962019. The study model tests the effects of the independent variables of public governance which are the worldwide governance indicators on the dependent variables of economic growth which are the Gross Domestic Product (annual GDP growth in %), GDP per capita growth (annual in %) and GDP current US$) using a multiple regression model (the fixed effect approach). In this study, only four worldwide governance indicators were selected: the control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and the rule of law. Furthermore, this impact was examined using several control variables, including labor force, working capital, oil price, inflation rate, population, and Human Development Index. The data on dependent and independent variables was collected from the World Bank official website. It is found that the control of corruption and the rule of law have a positive, statistically insignificant impact on economic growth, moreover, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have positive, statistically significant impact on economic growth. The control variable’s results concern the labor force, working capital, oil price, inflation rate, population and Human Development Index explained further in the study.
{"title":"The impact of public governance on the economic growth: Evidence from gulf cooperation council countries","authors":"Masryam Al-Naser, A. Hamdan","doi":"10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2021/14-2/5","url":null,"abstract":"DOI: 10.14254/2071789X.2021/14-2/5 ABSTRACT. This study aims to examine how public governance impacts and affects economic growth in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) which was established on 25th May 1981 and is active till to date, and whether public governance indicators significantly influence the economic growth of these countries. The study’s sample includes the six GCC countries in the period of 19962019. The study model tests the effects of the independent variables of public governance which are the worldwide governance indicators on the dependent variables of economic growth which are the Gross Domestic Product (annual GDP growth in %), GDP per capita growth (annual in %) and GDP current US$) using a multiple regression model (the fixed effect approach). In this study, only four worldwide governance indicators were selected: the control of corruption, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and the rule of law. Furthermore, this impact was examined using several control variables, including labor force, working capital, oil price, inflation rate, population, and Human Development Index. The data on dependent and independent variables was collected from the World Bank official website. It is found that the control of corruption and the rule of law have a positive, statistically insignificant impact on economic growth, moreover, government effectiveness and regulatory quality have positive, statistically significant impact on economic growth. The control variable’s results concern the labor force, working capital, oil price, inflation rate, population and Human Development Index explained further in the study.","PeriodicalId":51663,"journal":{"name":"Economics & Sociology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47370098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：