The study on aerodynamics of politics and stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project sought to explain the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the perspective of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft. The purpose was to examine the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the backdrop of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft in flight. Its adopted methodology was hinged on the conceptual and historical frameworks as well as strategies of inquiry such as grounded theory. The study was anchored on the systems approach theory for its theoretical framework. It established that statecraft responded to political, economic and environmental forces similar to aerodynamic forces acting on the surfaces of an aircraft. It also identified the fuselage of the aircraft as akin to the constitution of the state in statecraft. It concluded that the Nigerian project statecraft will attain greater stability if it were restructured to conform to the semi-monocoque-fuselage statecraft constitution of 1963.
{"title":"Aerodynamics of politics and stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project","authors":"Dii Christian Tsaro","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The study on aerodynamics of politics and stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project sought to explain the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the perspective of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft. The purpose was to examine the stability of statecraft in the Nigerian project from the backdrop of aerodynamic stability of an aircraft in flight. Its adopted methodology was hinged on the conceptual and historical frameworks as well as strategies of inquiry such as grounded theory. The study was anchored on the systems approach theory for its theoretical framework. It established that statecraft responded to political, economic and environmental forces similar to aerodynamic forces acting on the surfaces of an aircraft. It also identified the fuselage of the aircraft as akin to the constitution of the state in statecraft. It concluded that the Nigerian project statecraft will attain greater stability if it were restructured to conform to the semi-monocoque-fuselage statecraft constitution of 1963.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"89 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study is intended to assess the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Rwandan economic growth, such determinants are gross domestic saving, population, and gross domestic product and to confirm if it has an impact on Rwandan economic growth. To achieve this study a multivariate time series analysis was used to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on economic growth.In this study, diagnostic tests and the results confirmed (proved) that the model was good and the results from the tests suggest that the variables were not seriously affected by heteroskedasticity and serial correlation problems. The results showed a long-run relationship of variables based on the results from the unit root test of residuals of variables. The results also showed that the coefficient of ECM (-1) is positive and statistically significant, leading the model to be co-integrated between their variables and errors were corrected in the long run and some of the variables were statistically significant which showed that there are short-run relationships between variables where an increase in foreign direct investment decreased economic growth holding other factors constant.
{"title":"Impact of foreign direct investment on Rwandan economic growth from the period","authors":"Habakurama Elie","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"This study is intended to assess the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Rwandan economic growth, such determinants are gross domestic saving, population, and gross domestic product and to confirm if it has an impact on Rwandan economic growth. To achieve this study a multivariate time series analysis was used to analyze the impact of Foreign Direct Investment on economic growth.In this study, diagnostic tests and the results confirmed (proved) that the model was good and the results from the tests suggest that the variables were not seriously affected by heteroskedasticity and serial correlation problems. The results showed a long-run relationship of variables based on the results from the unit root test of residuals of variables. The results also showed that the coefficient of ECM (-1) is positive and statistically significant, leading the model to be co-integrated between their variables and errors were corrected in the long run and some of the variables were statistically significant which showed that there are short-run relationships between variables where an increase in foreign direct investment decreased economic growth holding other factors constant.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"21 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the effect of supply chain public relations management practices on business performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Calabar, Cross River State. In the course of the study four hypotheses where formulated, data were collected from management staff of small and medium scale enterprises in Cross River State using structured questionnaire. The data were analysed utilizing inferential and descriptive statistics. Findings from the study revealed that the dimensions of Supply chain public relations management practices have a favourable and positive effect on small and medium scale enterprises in Calabar, Nigeria. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded that if supply chain public relations management practices activities are well implemented, there would be an improvement in business performance of small and medium scale enterprises. We recommended that supply chain public relations managers should develop strategies that will enhance their relationships with other stakeholders to improve on their business performance.
{"title":"Effect of supply chain public relations management practices on business performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Calabar – Nigeria","authors":"J. Mpuon, Eko Hodo Anna, Simpson Emen Akaninyene, Happiness Sunday Akam","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the effect of supply chain public relations management practices on business performance of small and medium scale enterprises in Calabar, Cross River State. In the course of the study four hypotheses where formulated, data were collected from management staff of small and medium scale enterprises in Cross River State using structured questionnaire. The data were analysed utilizing inferential and descriptive statistics. Findings from the study revealed that the dimensions of Supply chain public relations management practices have a favourable and positive effect on small and medium scale enterprises in Calabar, Nigeria. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded that if supply chain public relations management practices activities are well implemented, there would be an improvement in business performance of small and medium scale enterprises. We recommended that supply chain public relations managers should develop strategies that will enhance their relationships with other stakeholders to improve on their business performance.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140511578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the impact of federation account allocation on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 2004 to 2021 using federal, state and local governments’ shares of the federation account to measure federation account allocation. The study employed the ordinary least square regression technique in data analysis and found that federal government share of federation revenue has a significant negative impact on economic growth in Nigeria; State government share of federation revenue has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria, while Local government share of federation revenue has no significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that all levels of government should make efforts to embark on more developmental projects such as agricultural and industrial development with their share of federation revenue so as to positively impact and enhance the growth of the economy.
{"title":"Federation account allocation and economic growth in Nigeria","authors":"C. E. Ituma, L. C. Uguru, F. N. Awa","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the impact of federation account allocation on economic growth in Nigeria for the period of 2004 to 2021 using federal, state and local governments’ shares of the federation account to measure federation account allocation. The study employed the ordinary least square regression technique in data analysis and found that federal government share of federation revenue has a significant negative impact on economic growth in Nigeria; State government share of federation revenue has a significant positive impact on economic growth in Nigeria, while Local government share of federation revenue has no significant impact on economic growth in Nigeria. The study therefore recommended that all levels of government should make efforts to embark on more developmental projects such as agricultural and industrial development with their share of federation revenue so as to positively impact and enhance the growth of the economy.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"83 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines how the international media reporting on the monkeypox epidemic reinforces stereotypes about Africa and what this means for Africa in global power relations. How European and Western media depict Africa in their reporting of an epidemic creates and reinforces power dynamics and political bias along the lines of Africa being portrayed as a diseased-poor continent. The effect of these global inequalities is evident in the travel ban policies and the unequal distribution of vaccines. The concepts of hegemony, stigma, and labeling theory were used as theoretical approaches to analyze how foreign media hegemony creates and reinforces stereotypes about Africa through media reporting of an epidemic like the 2022 monkeypox virus. Online publications and tweets by Western and European media outlets were used as data to analyze foreign media hegemony while reporting the monkeypox outbreak in Europe and North America. As a counter-hegemony, African journalists reacted to foreign media agencies using African images to report disease outbreaks in the Global North. The conclusion and recommendation of this paper call for investment in African journalism to help Africa tell their own story and for African literature and researchers from Africa to contribute to global biomedical literature.
{"title":"The representation of Africa as a geography of disease: how the global north media reporting of the monkeypox virus reinforce stereotypes about Africa","authors":"Anastasia Ngozi Iwuagwu","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines how the international media reporting on the monkeypox epidemic reinforces stereotypes about Africa and what this means for Africa in global power relations. How European and Western media depict Africa in their reporting of an epidemic creates and reinforces power dynamics and political bias along the lines of Africa being portrayed as a diseased-poor continent. The effect of these global inequalities is evident in the travel ban policies and the unequal distribution of vaccines. The concepts of hegemony, stigma, and labeling theory were used as theoretical approaches to analyze how foreign media hegemony creates and reinforces stereotypes about Africa through media reporting of an epidemic like the 2022 monkeypox virus. Online publications and tweets by Western and European media outlets were used as data to analyze foreign media hegemony while reporting the monkeypox outbreak in Europe and North America. As a counter-hegemony, African journalists reacted to foreign media agencies using African images to report disease outbreaks in the Global North. The conclusion and recommendation of this paper call for investment in African journalism to help Africa tell their own story and for African literature and researchers from Africa to contribute to global biomedical literature.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"42 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Osei-Kufuor, Richard Ametefe, Sabina Appiah-Boateng, Kaderi Noagah Bukar, Alexander Quarshie
Political vigilantism has come out as an offshoot of the violence that characterises multi-party elections in Ghana. Several studies on political vigilantism give primacy to the role of structural factors in explaining the phenomenon in Ghana. However, such a notion deprives political vigilantes of any sense of agency and further evades how the understanding of the interaction between agency and structure can offer deeper insights into the phenomenon of political vigilantism. The paper argues that political vigilantes should be characterised as agents who can make decisions about the actions that they undertake and not solely determined by the constraints of structure. The actions of political vigilantes are mediated through social structures that shape the options available to them. Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, 41 key informants were selected for the study in Accra, Kumasi and Tamale. The study employed both primary and secondary data sources. Whereas secondary data was sourced from desk reviews, primary data was collected through interviews and focus group discussions. The narratives were thematically analysed. The study findings show that members of political vigilante groups are conscious agents and for that matter decide and act either autonomously or relationally despite existing pressures from social structures. In addition, the paper shows that the exercise of agency among the vigilantes is inseparable from structure as the structure is reproduced and changed through the actions of the political vigilantes who in turn are shaped through the structures that they occupy. Therefore, policy responses to political violence should consider the two sides of the equation by working simultaneously on the behaviour of political actors and resolving the circumstances that facilitate political violence.
{"title":"“We know what we do”: an agency-structure analysis of political vigilantism in Ghana","authors":"P. Osei-Kufuor, Richard Ametefe, Sabina Appiah-Boateng, Kaderi Noagah Bukar, Alexander Quarshie","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Political vigilantism has come out as an offshoot of the violence that characterises multi-party elections in Ghana. Several studies on political vigilantism give primacy to the role of structural factors in explaining the phenomenon in Ghana. However, such a notion deprives political vigilantes of any sense of agency and further evades how the understanding of the interaction between agency and structure can offer deeper insights into the phenomenon of political vigilantism. The paper argues that political vigilantes should be characterised as agents who can make decisions about the actions that they undertake and not solely determined by the constraints of structure. The actions of political vigilantes are mediated through social structures that shape the options available to them. Using purposive and snowball sampling techniques, 41 key informants were selected for the study in Accra, Kumasi and Tamale. The study employed both primary and secondary data sources. Whereas secondary data was sourced from desk reviews, primary data was collected through interviews and focus group discussions. The narratives were thematically analysed. The study findings show that members of political vigilante groups are conscious agents and for that matter decide and act either autonomously or relationally despite existing pressures from social structures. In addition, the paper shows that the exercise of agency among the vigilantes is inseparable from structure as the structure is reproduced and changed through the actions of the political vigilantes who in turn are shaped through the structures that they occupy. Therefore, policy responses to political violence should consider the two sides of the equation by working simultaneously on the behaviour of political actors and resolving the circumstances that facilitate political violence.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"56 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since ancestral times, farmers have used the thermal waters of Kaswa/Mahagi for hygienic and sanitary practices. The present study is aimed at evaluating the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the indigenous people with regards to these waters. It was carried out from 15th January to 12th April 2022 and focused on a sample of 323 adult people obtained using the Schwartz formula. The descriptive study shows that almost all of the farmers knew the location of the thermal springs had an indigenous name which meant their hyperthermia or their therapeutic virtue. 68.89% of respondents suggested volcanic or geothermal origin of the heat of these waters, the information being transmitted mainly from parents to members of their families. The practices highlighted are frequenting thermal waters for curiosity, natural hot baths, for the relief of muscular fatigue and dermatoses including wounds and scabies according to 41.13% and 39.18% of respondents respectively. The attitude highlighted is the belief in divine and ancestral power transmitted through these waters accompanied by rituals at the hot springs. Certain knowledge, attitudes and practices were dependent on the sex, age and occupation of users. These results constitute essential basic information for future multidisciplinary research with a view to enlightening the population.
This paper critiques the treatment of English homographs and homophones in linguistic literatures. The study is motivated by the fact that the available data are questionable on the subject, thus calling for re-analysis. Methodologically, the study is a critical analysis of data obtained through a documentary process in secondary reading. The study employs the Semantic Theory and the Referential Theory of Meaning as the basis of data analysis. These theories explain lexemes in terms of how they are articulated and what they refer to. The findings of the analysis reveal that most of the linguistic literatures offer contestable and confusing definitions of homographs/homophones. For instance ‘affect’ and ‘effect’, just like’ profit’ and ‘prophet’, are not homophones though they are regarded as so in some available literature. Also, ‘conduct’ (N) and ‘conduct’ (V) are regarded as homographs but in reality they are not. Therefore, homophones are words with the same pronunciation but different spellings and meanings while homographs are words that are spelt the same but pronounced differently and have different meanings as the case of 'live' (verb) /lɪv/ and ‘live’ (adjective) /laɪv/.
{"title":"A critique on English homophones and homographs","authors":"Chipanda Simon","doi":"10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/ajosi.v6i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This paper critiques the treatment of English homographs and homophones in linguistic literatures. The study is motivated by the fact that the available data are questionable on the subject, thus calling for re-analysis. Methodologically, the study is a critical analysis of data obtained through a documentary process in secondary reading. The study employs the Semantic Theory and the Referential Theory of Meaning as the basis of data analysis. These theories explain lexemes in terms of how they are articulated and what they refer to. The findings of the analysis reveal that most of the linguistic literatures offer contestable and confusing definitions of homographs/homophones. For instance ‘affect’ and ‘effect’, just like’ profit’ and ‘prophet’, are not homophones though they are regarded as so in some available literature. Also, ‘conduct’ (N) and ‘conduct’ (V) are regarded as homographs but in reality they are not. Therefore, homophones are words with the same pronunciation but different spellings and meanings while homographs are words that are spelt the same but pronounced differently and have different meanings as the case of 'live' (verb) /lɪv/ and ‘live’ (adjective) /laɪv/.","PeriodicalId":516757,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Social Issues","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140510897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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