Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241261787
Ruihan Zhang, Zhen Li, Lijia Wang, Liang Xu
Alloy steel and stainless-steel possess properties such as high strength, easy processing and outstanding mechanical properties after cadmium electroplating. They are widely used in aerospace, automotive and construction fields. However, the above steel parts are prone to be susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, corrosion and other aging phenomena, resulting in the reduction of the flight safety factor. In this work, based on the actual situation of corrosion of the cadmium plating layer of cargo door rods and boarding gate/service hatch door rods, the cadmium acetate (short for (CH3COO)2Cd) leads to the failure of the jam nuts and locking device assembly, the cause and mechanism of the corrosion in the storage environment are analysed. Compared with the slightly corrosion jam nuts (19.18 kN and 370 HVI), the tensile property and hardness of the jam nuts with serious corrosion respectively decreased to 17.39 kN and 417 HVI, by 10.10% and 3.8%, which will reduce performance impacts on the safe flight and daily maintenance of aircraft. By improving the warehouse storage environment and operators’ specification documents, these problems have been avoided, and experience has been provided for parts anti-corrosion and batch production of airliner route operation.
{"title":"Corrosion failure analysis of nuts and locking device assembly at airliner hatch door rods","authors":"Ruihan Zhang, Zhen Li, Lijia Wang, Liang Xu","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241261787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241261787","url":null,"abstract":"Alloy steel and stainless-steel possess properties such as high strength, easy processing and outstanding mechanical properties after cadmium electroplating. They are widely used in aerospace, automotive and construction fields. However, the above steel parts are prone to be susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement, corrosion and other aging phenomena, resulting in the reduction of the flight safety factor. In this work, based on the actual situation of corrosion of the cadmium plating layer of cargo door rods and boarding gate/service hatch door rods, the cadmium acetate (short for (CH3COO)2Cd) leads to the failure of the jam nuts and locking device assembly, the cause and mechanism of the corrosion in the storage environment are analysed. Compared with the slightly corrosion jam nuts (19.18 kN and 370 HVI), the tensile property and hardness of the jam nuts with serious corrosion respectively decreased to 17.39 kN and 417 HVI, by 10.10% and 3.8%, which will reduce performance impacts on the safe flight and daily maintenance of aircraft. By improving the warehouse storage environment and operators’ specification documents, these problems have been avoided, and experience has been provided for parts anti-corrosion and batch production of airliner route operation.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"54 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141803706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241262625
M. J. Shirshahi, S. F. Chini, Peyman Taheri, Abraham Mansouri
Cathodic protection (CP) is widely used to mitigate corrosion and protect the substrate. However, sacrificial anodes are often undersized or improperly positioned. This study systematically investigates how anode design factors affect the CP effectiveness through computational modelling and double-objective optimisation techniques around the optimum location and dimension of anodes. State-of-the-art algorithms including the Monte-Carlo, Nelder–Mead, co-ordinate search, constrained optimisation by linear approximation (COBYLA) and bound optimisation by quadratic approximation (BOBYQA) are employed to optimise anode locations and genetic algorithm is utilised for optimising anode dimension and the objective is maximising the current output and minimising the cost. In the current study, the BOBYQA technique proved efficient in reaching the optimal response at the appropriate time. The findings indicate that in double-objective (cost and potential) optimisation of 14.5 kg anode, minimising anode radius (from 6.5 cm to 5.4 cm) and optimising the position boosts the current output by up to 15.5%. Refined anode geometries increase the average structure potentials (806 → 822 mV) by over 15 mV, translating to extended service lifetimes. In the comparison of single (cost) and double (cost and potential)-objective optimisation, about 15% more current reaches the structure and causes about 2% less anode mass loss for the same anode dimensions. Also, the results show the 7.7 kg anode performs better than the 14.5 kg anode and so output current and the percentage of current that reaches the structure of the 7.7 kg and 14.5 kg are 0.66 A and 0.46 A and 66% and 60%, respectively.
{"title":"Computational optimisation and modelling of sacrificial anode placement and dimension for maximising the corrosion prevention of screw piles","authors":"M. J. Shirshahi, S. F. Chini, Peyman Taheri, Abraham Mansouri","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241262625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241262625","url":null,"abstract":"Cathodic protection (CP) is widely used to mitigate corrosion and protect the substrate. However, sacrificial anodes are often undersized or improperly positioned. This study systematically investigates how anode design factors affect the CP effectiveness through computational modelling and double-objective optimisation techniques around the optimum location and dimension of anodes. State-of-the-art algorithms including the Monte-Carlo, Nelder–Mead, co-ordinate search, constrained optimisation by linear approximation (COBYLA) and bound optimisation by quadratic approximation (BOBYQA) are employed to optimise anode locations and genetic algorithm is utilised for optimising anode dimension and the objective is maximising the current output and minimising the cost. In the current study, the BOBYQA technique proved efficient in reaching the optimal response at the appropriate time. The findings indicate that in double-objective (cost and potential) optimisation of 14.5 kg anode, minimising anode radius (from 6.5 cm to 5.4 cm) and optimising the position boosts the current output by up to 15.5%. Refined anode geometries increase the average structure potentials (806 → 822 mV) by over 15 mV, translating to extended service lifetimes. In the comparison of single (cost) and double (cost and potential)-objective optimisation, about 15% more current reaches the structure and causes about 2% less anode mass loss for the same anode dimensions. Also, the results show the 7.7 kg anode performs better than the 14.5 kg anode and so output current and the percentage of current that reaches the structure of the 7.7 kg and 14.5 kg are 0.66 A and 0.46 A and 66% and 60%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"98 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241261785
Fatemeh Saeidpour, Gholamreza Heidari
Ni–W, Ni–W/CeO2 and Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3 coatings were created by the electroplating method. The microstructure and chemical composition of the coatings were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. The phase composition was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical test was performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The average hardness values of the coatings were also determined. The results showed that Y2O3 particles considerably increased the corrosion resistance of the Ni–W/CeO2 composite coating. The microhardness evaluations revealed that the highest hardness value was obtained for the Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3-coated Cu.
{"title":"Effect of Y2O3 nanoparticles on microstructure, corrosion resistance and hardness of Ni–W/CeO2 composite coatings","authors":"Fatemeh Saeidpour, Gholamreza Heidari","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241261785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241261785","url":null,"abstract":"Ni–W, Ni–W/CeO2 and Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3 coatings were created by the electroplating method. The microstructure and chemical composition of the coatings were examined using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. The phase composition was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The electrochemical test was performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the composite coatings. The average hardness values of the coatings were also determined. The results showed that Y2O3 particles considerably increased the corrosion resistance of the Ni–W/CeO2 composite coating. The microhardness evaluations revealed that the highest hardness value was obtained for the Ni–W/CeO2–Y2O3-coated Cu.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"94 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present study, the corrosion inhibition properties of Bacillus coagulans against mild steel (MS) were studied employing electrochemical procedures to monitor the real-time corrosion rate, mechanism, development of efficient mitigation strategies, and material protection. Results of the study revealed that under acidic environments B. coagulans formed a protective biofilm on MS surface and caused marked reduction in corrosion and other forms of mutilation. Characterization and electrochemical procedures were performed to investigate the inhibitory effects of B. coagulans at different pH and at different temperatures on the corrosion rate and, to determine the mechanism of corrosion prevention. The film developed on surface of the MS by B. coagulans, was crack free, compact, and lipophilic in nature and was composed of amyloid fibers, carboxylic acid, and proteins that make electrochemical reactions that, accruing on the metal–solution interface difficult and substantial reduction in corrosion rates observed. The film adhered to the surface of metal substrates shows fitting with diverse adsorption isotherm indications, with physical adsorption being the predominant pattern observed in most cases. This suggests that the interaction between the biofilm and metal surfaces is primarily governed by physical forces. To conclude, B. coagulans exhibits protective action on MS against corrosion.
本研究采用电化学方法研究了凝结芽孢杆菌对低碳钢（MS）的腐蚀抑制特性，以监测实时腐蚀速率、机理、开发有效的缓解策略和材料保护。研究结果表明，在酸性环境下，凝结芽孢杆菌会在低碳钢表面形成一层保护性生物膜，明显减少腐蚀和其他形式的破坏。为了研究凝结芽孢杆菌在不同 pH 值和不同温度下对腐蚀速率的抑制作用，并确定防腐蚀的机理，对其进行了表征和电化学处理。凝结芽孢杆菌在 MS 表面形成的薄膜无裂纹、致密、亲油，由淀粉纤维、羧酸和蛋白质组成，使金属-溶液界面上发生的电化学反应变得困难，从而大大降低了腐蚀速率。附着在金属基底表面的薄膜显示出与各种吸附等温线指示相匹配，在大多数情况下，物理吸附是观察到的主要模式。这表明生物膜与金属表面之间的相互作用主要受物理力的支配。总之，凝结芽孢杆菌对 MS 具有防腐蚀保护作用。
{"title":"Biogenic corrosion inhibition through Bacillus coagulans on mild steel in mild acidic medium","authors":"Sonika Lamba, Saraswati Patel, Rajendra Vishwakarma, Jaya Dwivedi, Swapnil Sharma","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241266735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241266735","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, the corrosion inhibition properties of Bacillus coagulans against mild steel (MS) were studied employing electrochemical procedures to monitor the real-time corrosion rate, mechanism, development of efficient mitigation strategies, and material protection. Results of the study revealed that under acidic environments B. coagulans formed a protective biofilm on MS surface and caused marked reduction in corrosion and other forms of mutilation. Characterization and electrochemical procedures were performed to investigate the inhibitory effects of B. coagulans at different pH and at different temperatures on the corrosion rate and, to determine the mechanism of corrosion prevention. The film developed on surface of the MS by B. coagulans, was crack free, compact, and lipophilic in nature and was composed of amyloid fibers, carboxylic acid, and proteins that make electrochemical reactions that, accruing on the metal–solution interface difficult and substantial reduction in corrosion rates observed. The film adhered to the surface of metal substrates shows fitting with diverse adsorption isotherm indications, with physical adsorption being the predominant pattern observed in most cases. This suggests that the interaction between the biofilm and metal surfaces is primarily governed by physical forces. To conclude, B. coagulans exhibits protective action on MS against corrosion.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"39 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241264926
Xiao Feng, Tian-Yu Wang, Fang-Yuan Cao, De-Ming Xie, Hai-Hua Li
In this paper, three types of impedance spectra were investigated, i.e., impedance spectra of two zinc powders (new and old) and five coatings (two different thicknesses of epoxy zinc-rich coatings (EZRCs), an ethyl silicate zinc-rich coating, an epoxy coating and an autodeposition coating) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, dry film impedance spectra of two coatings (the thicker EZRC and autodeposition coating) and their impedance spectra in a 0.003 M LiCl–methanol solution. The results show that the resistive part of the high-frequency impedance of the ZRCs at the early stage of immersion is the contact resistance ( Rm) between the zinc powders, and the capacitive part is the parallel connection of the contact capacitance ( Cm) and the film capacitance ( Cc) of the binder. The coupling of the two capacitors results in a deviation of the measured Pm from the true Pm, where Pm is the Cm-dependent dispersion coefficient
本文研究了三种阻抗光谱，即两种锌粉（新锌粉和旧锌粉）和五种涂层（两种不同厚度的环氧富锌涂层（EZRC）、硅酸乙酯富锌涂层、环氧涂层和自沉积涂层）在 3.5 wt.% 氯化钠溶液中的阻抗谱、两种涂层（较厚的 EZRC 和自沉积涂层）的干膜阻抗谱以及它们在 0.003 M 氯化锂-甲醇溶液中的阻抗谱。结果表明，ZRC 在浸泡初期的高频阻抗的电阻部分是锌粉之间的接触电阻（Rm），电容部分是接触电容（Cm）和粘结剂薄膜电容（Cc）的并联。两个电容的耦合导致测量的 Pm 与真实的 Pm 存在偏差，其中 Pm 是与 Cm 相关的分散系数。
{"title":"Study of high-frequency impedance of zinc-rich coatings","authors":"Xiao Feng, Tian-Yu Wang, Fang-Yuan Cao, De-Ming Xie, Hai-Hua Li","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241264926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241264926","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, three types of impedance spectra were investigated, i.e., impedance spectra of two zinc powders (new and old) and five coatings (two different thicknesses of epoxy zinc-rich coatings (EZRCs), an ethyl silicate zinc-rich coating, an epoxy coating and an autodeposition coating) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, dry film impedance spectra of two coatings (the thicker EZRC and autodeposition coating) and their impedance spectra in a 0.003 M LiCl–methanol solution. The results show that the resistive part of the high-frequency impedance of the ZRCs at the early stage of immersion is the contact resistance ( Rm) between the zinc powders, and the capacitive part is the parallel connection of the contact capacitance ( Cm) and the film capacitance ( Cc) of the binder. The coupling of the two capacitors results in a deviation of the measured Pm from the true Pm, where Pm is the Cm-dependent dispersion coefficient","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"64 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in Shijiazhuang soil-simulated solution was investigated under different alternating current (AC) interference. Results show X65 pipeline steel presented weak passivation characteristics in this weakly alkaline solution, in which case AC interference could activate the anodic dissolution reaction and greatly accelerate uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion. AC interference could easily induce corrosion pits initiation and propagation in this weakly alkaline solution because of unstable passive film on steel surface and low pitting potential. Both the average corrosion rate and corrosion pits depth presented a power function with the increase of AC density.
{"title":"Effect of alternating current density on corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in weakly alkaline soil environment without cathodic protection","authors":"Cuiping Lu, Chao Liu, Ningning Li, Hongchi Ma, Zhiyong Liu, Xiaogang Li","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241264925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241264925","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in Shijiazhuang soil-simulated solution was investigated under different alternating current (AC) interference. Results show X65 pipeline steel presented weak passivation characteristics in this weakly alkaline solution, in which case AC interference could activate the anodic dissolution reaction and greatly accelerate uniform corrosion and pitting corrosion. AC interference could easily induce corrosion pits initiation and propagation in this weakly alkaline solution because of unstable passive film on steel surface and low pitting potential. Both the average corrosion rate and corrosion pits depth presented a power function with the increase of AC density.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"87 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-21DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241264084
M. A. Frontini, Marcela Vázquez, M. Valcarce
Crevice corrosion is hard to avoid when the corrosion resistance of steel electrodes needs to be evaluated in laboratory tests. It is particularly difficult when chloride ions are present in the electrolyte. This problem is recurrent when studying the performance of construction steel in concrete pore-simulating solutions that replicate marine exposure. Other steel applications in aggressive environments face the same problem. This study describes a simple pre-treatment implemented on the steel bars before the electrodes were constructed, which successfully minimizes the risk of electrodes showing crevice after an electrochemical evaluation in chloride-rich electrolytes. The pre-treatment efficacy can last from several months to years, depending on how frequently the electrodes are used.
{"title":"Effective electrode preparation and evaluation of crevice-free steel electrodes","authors":"M. A. Frontini, Marcela Vázquez, M. Valcarce","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241264084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241264084","url":null,"abstract":"Crevice corrosion is hard to avoid when the corrosion resistance of steel electrodes needs to be evaluated in laboratory tests. It is particularly difficult when chloride ions are present in the electrolyte. This problem is recurrent when studying the performance of construction steel in concrete pore-simulating solutions that replicate marine exposure. Other steel applications in aggressive environments face the same problem. This study describes a simple pre-treatment implemented on the steel bars before the electrodes were constructed, which successfully minimizes the risk of electrodes showing crevice after an electrochemical evaluation in chloride-rich electrolytes. The pre-treatment efficacy can last from several months to years, depending on how frequently the electrodes are used.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"91 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141818629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.1177/1478422x241257033
A. K. Tiwari, Purnima Dogra, S. Goyal, Vijay Luxami
This paper explores the influence of 2-aminopyridine (2AP) as water-based migratory corrosion inhibitor (M-CoI) on the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel bars embedded in ordinary Portland cement and pozzolanic Portland cement concrete subjected to combined chloride and carbonation ingress. Two applications of 2AP are considered i.e., preventive (applied before exposure to aggressive environment) and repair (applied after corrosion initiates). Corrosion performance was assessed using electrochemical techniques and gravimetric mass loss method. The study also examines the impact of 2AP application on chloride ion concentration and carbonation depth of both concrete systems. The compressive strength of each concrete system was also measured to study the impact of M-CoI application on strength properties. Surface condition of hardened concrete and extracted rebar was evaluated by optical microscopy. Results conclude that 2AP effectively retards reinforcement corrosion when used as preventive measure by forming a homogeneous inhibitive layer on steel. However, when used as a repair technique, localised and uniform corrosion was perceived. An attempt has been made to identify the cause of non-performance of 2AP as repair measure. It was concluded that reached concentration of 1 mM was not sufficient to reduce ongoing corrosion due to the accumulation of corrosion products. The influence of the inhibitor on chloride profile and carbonation depth was found to be insignificant. It is concluded that chloride ions initiate the corrosion mechanism, while carbonation exacerbates it, particularly in blended cement concrete. Nonetheless, inhibitor application can provide similar resistance in both concrete systems.
{"title":"Water-based corrosion inhibitor for prevention and repair of reinforcement in chloride and carbonated environment","authors":"A. K. Tiwari, Purnima Dogra, S. Goyal, Vijay Luxami","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241257033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241257033","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the influence of 2-aminopyridine (2AP) as water-based migratory corrosion inhibitor (M-CoI) on the corrosion resistance of reinforcing steel bars embedded in ordinary Portland cement and pozzolanic Portland cement concrete subjected to combined chloride and carbonation ingress. Two applications of 2AP are considered i.e., preventive (applied before exposure to aggressive environment) and repair (applied after corrosion initiates). Corrosion performance was assessed using electrochemical techniques and gravimetric mass loss method. The study also examines the impact of 2AP application on chloride ion concentration and carbonation depth of both concrete systems. The compressive strength of each concrete system was also measured to study the impact of M-CoI application on strength properties. Surface condition of hardened concrete and extracted rebar was evaluated by optical microscopy. Results conclude that 2AP effectively retards reinforcement corrosion when used as preventive measure by forming a homogeneous inhibitive layer on steel. However, when used as a repair technique, localised and uniform corrosion was perceived. An attempt has been made to identify the cause of non-performance of 2AP as repair measure. It was concluded that reached concentration of 1 mM was not sufficient to reduce ongoing corrosion due to the accumulation of corrosion products. The influence of the inhibitor on chloride profile and carbonation depth was found to be insignificant. It is concluded that chloride ions initiate the corrosion mechanism, while carbonation exacerbates it, particularly in blended cement concrete. Nonetheless, inhibitor application can provide similar resistance in both concrete systems.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"23 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, graphene has remarkably enhanced the protective performance of anticorrosive organic coatings, yielding increasingly frequent exciting results and perspectives. This paper reviews the latest research advancements that we have gathered on the influences of conductivity, modification, dispersion methods and controllable orientation of graphene; the graphene-based smart anticorrosive coatings; the current understandings on the designs of the anticorrosive coating and the action mechanisms of graphene in the coating. It is concluded that there would be greater opportunities for the gravitational field-induced method to play the shielding effect of graphene; noncovalent modification methods may not ensure satisfactory attachment of the modifiers to the surface; green modification methods are expected to reduce the electrical conductivity of graphene and covalently modify graphene; the self-healing and early-warning graphene-based anticorrosive coatings are becoming a trend in the development of anti-corrosive coatings. The current-faced challenges and the future development prospects of the graphene-based anticorrosive coating were also proposed. Although graphene performs well in anticorrosive coatings, there is still considerable room to improve the performance, and a new round of industrial optimisation and upgrading in the anti-corrosion coating industry is inevitable with the rapid development of the anticorrosive graphene-based filler.
{"title":"The multiple faces of graphene on anticorrosion: Advances and prospects","authors":"Qi Wang, Xiaoqian Zhao, Yan Qu, Bingwei Zhong, Huabing Tan, Yaxuan Zheng, Xuezheng Yang, Shichao Ge, Jingzhi Hu, Hua Yuan","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241254043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241254043","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, graphene has remarkably enhanced the protective performance of anticorrosive organic coatings, yielding increasingly frequent exciting results and perspectives. This paper reviews the latest research advancements that we have gathered on the influences of conductivity, modification, dispersion methods and controllable orientation of graphene; the graphene-based smart anticorrosive coatings; the current understandings on the designs of the anticorrosive coating and the action mechanisms of graphene in the coating. It is concluded that there would be greater opportunities for the gravitational field-induced method to play the shielding effect of graphene; noncovalent modification methods may not ensure satisfactory attachment of the modifiers to the surface; green modification methods are expected to reduce the electrical conductivity of graphene and covalently modify graphene; the self-healing and early-warning graphene-based anticorrosive coatings are becoming a trend in the development of anti-corrosive coatings. The current-faced challenges and the future development prospects of the graphene-based anticorrosive coating were also proposed. Although graphene performs well in anticorrosive coatings, there is still considerable room to improve the performance, and a new round of industrial optimisation and upgrading in the anti-corrosion coating industry is inevitable with the rapid development of the anticorrosive graphene-based filler.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fe2O3/Fe3O4 composite films were successfully prepared on the surface of X80 steel through hydrothermal synthesis and annealing treatments. Subsequently, the oxidised films were modified using surfactants such as decanoic acid (DA), decyl silane triol (DS) and perfluorodecyl silane triol (FDS), resulting in the creation of three distinct films exhibiting superhydrophobic properties. The effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of surfactants on the superhydrophobic films of X80 steel were analysed using electrochemical methods, surface analysis techniques and theoretical calculations. The results showed that all three superhydrophobic films exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, with the order being DA > FDS > DS after 72 h of immersion in acidic conditions (pH = 6, 60 °C). Theoretical calculations showed that the adsorption performance of carboxyl groups was superior to that of silyl alcohol bonds, whereas fluorination of hydrophobic groups helped to enhance the adsorption capacity of hydrophilic groups. This not only reveals the key role of surfactants in the preparation of superhydrophobic membranes but also provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of superhydrophobic membranes on carbon steel surfaces.
{"title":"Impact of surfactant groups on the corrosion inhibition properties of superhydrophobic membranes on X80 steel","authors":"Jing Zhang, Shihang Qin, Feng Wang, Ruiling Li, Yahong Shi, Youjie Xu","doi":"10.1177/1478422x241252509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1478422x241252509","url":null,"abstract":"Fe2O3/Fe3O4 composite films were successfully prepared on the surface of X80 steel through hydrothermal synthesis and annealing treatments. Subsequently, the oxidised films were modified using surfactants such as decanoic acid (DA), decyl silane triol (DS) and perfluorodecyl silane triol (FDS), resulting in the creation of three distinct films exhibiting superhydrophobic properties. The effects of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic groups of surfactants on the superhydrophobic films of X80 steel were analysed using electrochemical methods, surface analysis techniques and theoretical calculations. The results showed that all three superhydrophobic films exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, with the order being DA > FDS > DS after 72 h of immersion in acidic conditions (pH = 6, 60 °C). Theoretical calculations showed that the adsorption performance of carboxyl groups was superior to that of silyl alcohol bonds, whereas fluorination of hydrophobic groups helped to enhance the adsorption capacity of hydrophilic groups. This not only reveals the key role of surfactants in the preparation of superhydrophobic membranes but also provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of superhydrophobic membranes on carbon steel surfaces.","PeriodicalId":517061,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology: The International Journal of Corrosion Processes and Corrosion Control","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141007428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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