Ali Fahd, Ahmed Talaat Temerek, Mohamed T Ellabban, Samar Ahmed Nouby Adam, Sarah Diaa Abd El-Wahab Shaheen, Mervat S Refai, Zein Abdou Shatat
Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the anatomic circle around the impacted lower third molar to show, document, and correlate essential findings that should be included in the routine radiographic assessment protocol as clinically meaningful factors in overall case evaluation and treatment planning.
Materials and methods: Cone-beam computed tomographic images of impacted lower third molars were selected according to specific inclusion criteria. Impacted teeth were classified according to their position before assessment. The adjacent second molars were assessed for distal caries, distal bone loss, and root resorption. The fourth finding was the presence of a retromolar canal distal to the impaction. Communication with the dentist responsible for each case was done to determine whether these findings were detected or undetected by them before communication.
Results: Statistically significant correlations were found between impaction position, distal bone loss, and detected distal caries associated with the adjacent second molar. The greatest percentage of undetected findings was found in the evaluation of distal bone status, followed by missed detection of the retromolar canal.
Conclusion: The radiographic assessment protocol for impacted third molars should consider a step-by-step evaluation for second molars, and clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of second molar affection in horizontal and mesioangular impactions. They also should search for the retromolar canal due to its associated clinical considerations.
{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography-based radiographic considerations in impacted lower third molars: Think outside the box.","authors":"Ali Fahd, Ahmed Talaat Temerek, Mohamed T Ellabban, Samar Ahmed Nouby Adam, Sarah Diaa Abd El-Wahab Shaheen, Mervat S Refai, Zein Abdou Shatat","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the anatomic circle around the impacted lower third molar to show, document, and correlate essential findings that should be included in the routine radiographic assessment protocol as clinically meaningful factors in overall case evaluation and treatment planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cone-beam computed tomographic images of impacted lower third molars were selected according to specific inclusion criteria. Impacted teeth were classified according to their position before assessment. The adjacent second molars were assessed for distal caries, distal bone loss, and root resorption. The fourth finding was the presence of a retromolar canal distal to the impaction. Communication with the dentist responsible for each case was done to determine whether these findings were detected or undetected by them before communication.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistically significant correlations were found between impaction position, distal bone loss, and detected distal caries associated with the adjacent second molar. The greatest percentage of undetected findings was found in the evaluation of distal bone status, followed by missed detection of the retromolar canal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The radiographic assessment protocol for impacted third molars should consider a step-by-step evaluation for second molars, and clinicians should be aware of the high prevalence of second molar affection in horizontal and mesioangular impactions. They also should search for the retromolar canal due to its associated clinical considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/14/8c/isd-53-137.PMC10315226.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review and meta-analysis to provide overall estimates of the recall and precision of artificial intelligence for detection and segmentation using oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.
Materials and methods: A literature search was done in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus through October 31, 2022 to identify studies that reported the recall and precision values of artificial intelligence systems using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images for the automatic detection or segmentation of anatomical landmarks or pathological lesions. Recall (sensitivity) indicates the percentage of certain structures that are correctly detected. Precision (positive predictive value) indicates the percentage of accurately identified structures out of all detected structures. The performance values were extracted and pooled, and the estimates were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Results: In total, 12 eligible studies were finally included. The overall pooled recall for artificial intelligence was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). In a subgroup analysis, the pooled recall was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94) for detection and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for segmentation. The overall pooled precision for artificial intelligence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.95). A subgroup analysis showed that the pooled precision value was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77-0.96) for detection and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97) for segmentation.
Conclusion: Excellent performance was found for artificial intelligence using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images.
{"title":"Diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence using cone-beam computed tomography imaging of the oral and maxillofacial region: A scoping review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Farida Abesi, Mahla Maleki, Mohammad Zamani","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to conduct a scoping review and meta-analysis to provide overall estimates of the recall and precision of artificial intelligence for detection and segmentation using oral and maxillofacial cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature search was done in Embase, PubMed, and Scopus through October 31, 2022 to identify studies that reported the recall and precision values of artificial intelligence systems using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images for the automatic detection or segmentation of anatomical landmarks or pathological lesions. Recall (sensitivity) indicates the percentage of certain structures that are correctly detected. Precision (positive predictive value) indicates the percentage of accurately identified structures out of all detected structures. The performance values were extracted and pooled, and the estimates were presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 12 eligible studies were finally included. The overall pooled recall for artificial intelligence was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.87-0.94). In a subgroup analysis, the pooled recall was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.77-0.94) for detection and 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87-0.96) for segmentation. The overall pooled precision for artificial intelligence was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88-0.95). A subgroup analysis showed that the pooled precision value was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.77-0.96) for detection and 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.97) for segmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Excellent performance was found for artificial intelligence using oral and maxillofacial CBCT images.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ed/1f/isd-53-101.PMC10315225.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adib Al-Haj Husain, Daphne Schönegg, Silvio Valdec, Bernd Stadlinger, Marco Piccirelli, Sebastian Winklhofer
Nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDCs), the most common non-odontogenic cysts of maxilla, are often incidental findings on diagnostic imaging. When symptomatic, they usually present as a painless swelling with possible fistula. Conventional radiography shows a round-to-ovoid or heart-shaped radiolucency between the roots of central maxillary incisors. While the radiographic features of NPDCs in X-ray-based modalities have been well described, their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features have rarely been reported. Developments in dental MRI in recent years and the introduction of various dental MRI protocols now allow a wide range of applications in dental medicine. MRI is becoming an important tool for the detection and diagnosis of incidental or non-incidental dentomaxillofacial cysts. This report presented and discussed the characteristics of 2 NPDC cases visualized on MRI using both conventional and newly implemented specific dental MRI protocols with a novel 15-channel mandibular coil, demonstrating the use of these protocols for radiation-free maxillofacial diagnoses.
{"title":"Appearance of nasopalatine duct cysts on dental magnetic resonance imaging using a mandibular coil: Two case reports with a literature review.","authors":"Adib Al-Haj Husain, Daphne Schönegg, Silvio Valdec, Bernd Stadlinger, Marco Piccirelli, Sebastian Winklhofer","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nasopalatine duct cysts (NPDCs), the most common non-odontogenic cysts of maxilla, are often incidental findings on diagnostic imaging. When symptomatic, they usually present as a painless swelling with possible fistula. Conventional radiography shows a round-to-ovoid or heart-shaped radiolucency between the roots of central maxillary incisors. While the radiographic features of NPDCs in X-ray-based modalities have been well described, their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features have rarely been reported. Developments in dental MRI in recent years and the introduction of various dental MRI protocols now allow a wide range of applications in dental medicine. MRI is becoming an important tool for the detection and diagnosis of incidental or non-incidental dentomaxillofacial cysts. This report presented and discussed the characteristics of 2 NPDC cases visualized on MRI using both conventional and newly implemented specific dental MRI protocols with a novel 15-channel mandibular coil, demonstrating the use of these protocols for radiation-free maxillofacial diagnoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/7a/isd-53-161.PMC10315232.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10160549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Han-Sol Lee, Kyu-Young Oh, Ju-Hee Kang, Jo-Eun Kim, Kyung-Hoe Huh, Won-Jin Yi, Min-Suk Heo, Sam-Sun Lee
Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign myofibroblastic proliferation that grows very rapidly, mimicking a sarcoma on imaging. It is treated by local excision, and recurrence has been reported in only a few cases, even when excised incompletely. The most prevalent diagnoses of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) masses include synovial chondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and sarcomas. Cases of NF in the TMJ are extremely rare, and only 3 cases have been reported to date. Due to its destructive features and rarity, NF has often been misdiagnosed as a more aggressive lesion, which could expose patients to unnecessary and invasive treatment approaches beyond repair. This report presents a case of NF in the TMJ, focusing on various imaging features, along with a literature review aiming to determine the hallmark features of NF in the TMJ and highlight the diagnostic challenges.
{"title":"A case report of an unusual temporomandibular joint mass: Nodular fasciitis.","authors":"Han-Sol Lee, Kyu-Young Oh, Ju-Hee Kang, Jo-Eun Kim, Kyung-Hoe Huh, Won-Jin Yi, Min-Suk Heo, Sam-Sun Lee","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nodular fasciitis (NF) is a benign myofibroblastic proliferation that grows very rapidly, mimicking a sarcoma on imaging. It is treated by local excision, and recurrence has been reported in only a few cases, even when excised incompletely. The most prevalent diagnoses of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) masses include synovial chondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, and sarcomas. Cases of NF in the TMJ are extremely rare, and only 3 cases have been reported to date. Due to its destructive features and rarity, NF has often been misdiagnosed as a more aggressive lesion, which could expose patients to unnecessary and invasive treatment approaches beyond repair. This report presents a case of NF in the TMJ, focusing on various imaging features, along with a literature review aiming to determine the hallmark features of NF in the TMJ and highlight the diagnostic challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e4/23/isd-53-83.PMC10060757.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9609530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa, Karolina Aparecida Castilho Fardim, Isabela Teixeira Ribeiro, Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini, Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva, Kaan Orhan, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes
Purpose: This study aimed to assess texture analysis (TA) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as a quantitative tool for the differential diagnosis of odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OS and NOS, respectively).
Materials and methods: CBCT images of 40 patients diagnosed with OS (N=20) and NOS (N=20) were evaluated. The gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) matrix parameters, and gray level run length matrix texture (GLRLM) parameters were extracted using manually placed regions of interest on lesion images. Seven texture parameters were calculated using GLCM and 4 parameters using GLRLM. The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons between the groups, and the Levene test was performed to confirm the homogeneity of variance (α=5%).
Results: The results showed statistically significant differences (P<0.05) between the OS and NOS patients regarding 3 TA parameters. NOS patients presented higher values for contrast, while OS patients presented higher values for correlation and inverse difference moment. Greater textural homogeneity was observed in the OS patients than in the NOS patients, with statistically significant differences in standard deviations between the groups for correlation, sum of squares, sum of entropy, and entropy.
Conclusion: TA enabled quantitative differentiation between OS and NOS on CBCT images by using the parameters of contrast, correlation, and inverse difference moment.
{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomography texture analysis can help differentiate odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.","authors":"Andre Luiz Ferreira Costa, Karolina Aparecida Castilho Fardim, Isabela Teixeira Ribeiro, Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini, Paulo Henrique Braz-Silva, Kaan Orhan, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess texture analysis (TA) of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images as a quantitative tool for the differential diagnosis of odontogenic and non-odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OS and NOS, respectively).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>CBCT images of 40 patients diagnosed with OS (N=20) and NOS (N=20) were evaluated. The gray level co-occurrence (GLCM) matrix parameters, and gray level run length matrix texture (GLRLM) parameters were extracted using manually placed regions of interest on lesion images. Seven texture parameters were calculated using GLCM and 4 parameters using GLRLM. The Mann-Whitney test was used for comparisons between the groups, and the Levene test was performed to confirm the homogeneity of variance (α=5%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed statistically significant differences (<i>P</i><0.05) between the OS and NOS patients regarding 3 TA parameters. NOS patients presented higher values for contrast, while OS patients presented higher values for correlation and inverse difference moment. Greater textural homogeneity was observed in the OS patients than in the NOS patients, with statistically significant differences in standard deviations between the groups for correlation, sum of squares, sum of entropy, and entropy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TA enabled quantitative differentiation between OS and NOS on CBCT images by using the parameters of contrast, correlation, and inverse difference moment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/12/db/isd-53-43.PMC10060763.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study evaluated anatomical variations in the root canals of the lower premolars and molars in a Brazilian sub-population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and methods: In total, 121 CBCT images of patients were selected from a database. All images contained lower first and second premolars and molars on both sides of the arch, fully developed roots, and no treatment, resorption, or calcifications. In each image, the root canals of the lower premolars and molars were evaluated according to the Vertucci classification in On-Demand 3D software in the multiplanar reconstruction with dynamic navigation. Twenty-five percent of the images were re-assessed to analyze intraobserver confidence with the kappa test. Data were statistically evaluated with linear regression to evaluate the correlations of anatomic variations with age and sex, and the Wilcoxon test to analyze the laterality of variations, with a significance level of 5%.
Results: The intraobserver agreement (0.94) was excellent. In general, the root canals of lower premolars and molars showed a higher prevalence of type I than other Vertucci classification types, followed by type V in premolars and type II in molars. When the molar roots were evaluated separately, type II was more frequent in mesial roots and type I in distal roots. Although age showed no correlations with the results, sex and laterality showed correlations with tooth 45 and the lower second premolars, respectively.
Conclusion: The lower premolars and molars of a Brazilian sub-population showed a wide range of root canal anatomic variations.
{"title":"Cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation of the root canal anatomy of the lower premolars and molars in a Brazilian sub-population.","authors":"Jessica Cecilia Almeida, Amanda Pelegrin Candemil, Gunther Ricardo Bertolini, Aline Evangelista Souza-Gabriel, Antonio Miranda Cruz-Filho, Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto, Ricardo Gariba Silva","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study evaluated anatomical variations in the root canals of the lower premolars and molars in a Brazilian sub-population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 121 CBCT images of patients were selected from a database. All images contained lower first and second premolars and molars on both sides of the arch, fully developed roots, and no treatment, resorption, or calcifications. In each image, the root canals of the lower premolars and molars were evaluated according to the Vertucci classification in On-Demand 3D software in the multiplanar reconstruction with dynamic navigation. Twenty-five percent of the images were re-assessed to analyze intraobserver confidence with the kappa test. Data were statistically evaluated with linear regression to evaluate the correlations of anatomic variations with age and sex, and the Wilcoxon test to analyze the laterality of variations, with a significance level of 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intraobserver agreement (0.94) was excellent. In general, the root canals of lower premolars and molars showed a higher prevalence of type I than other Vertucci classification types, followed by type V in premolars and type II in molars. When the molar roots were evaluated separately, type II was more frequent in mesial roots and type I in distal roots. Although age showed no correlations with the results, sex and laterality showed correlations with tooth 45 and the lower second premolars, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The lower premolars and molars of a Brazilian sub-population showed a wide range of root canal anatomic variations.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6e/63/isd-53-77.PMC10060753.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gerlig Widmann, Marcel Dangl, Elisa Lutz, Bernhard Fleckenstein, Vincent Offermanns, Eva-Maria Gassner, Wolfgang Puelacher, Lukas Salbrechter
Purpose: Maxillofacial trauma predominantly affects young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Although radioprotection is a legal requirement, the significant potential of dose reduction in computed tomography (CT) is still underused in the clinical routine. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether maxillofacial fractures can be reliably detected and classified using ultra-low-dose CT.
Materials and methods: CT images of 123 clinical cases with maxillofacial fractures were classified by two readers using the AOCOIAC software and compared with the corresponding results from post-treatment images. In group 1, consisting of 97 patients with isolated facial trauma, pre-treatment CT images at different dose levels (volumetric computed tomography dose index: ultra-low dose, 2.6 mGy; low dose, <10 mGy; and regular dose, <20 mGy) were compared with post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In group 2, consisting of 31 patients with complex midface fractures, pre-treatment shock room CT images were compared with post-treatment CT at different dose levels or CBCT. All images were presented in random order and classified by 2 readers blinded to the clinical results. All cases with an unequal classification were re-evaluated.
Results: In both groups, ultra-low-dose CT had no clinically relevant effect on fracture classification. Fourteen cases in group 2 showed minor differences in the classification code, which were no longer obvious after comparing the images directly to each other.
Conclusion: Ultra-low-dose CT images allowed the correct diagnosis and classification of maxillofacial fractures. These results might lead to a substantial reconsideration of current reference dose levels.
{"title":"Can ultra-low-dose computed tomography reliably diagnose and classify maxillofacial fractures in the clinical routine?","authors":"Gerlig Widmann, Marcel Dangl, Elisa Lutz, Bernhard Fleckenstein, Vincent Offermanns, Eva-Maria Gassner, Wolfgang Puelacher, Lukas Salbrechter","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Maxillofacial trauma predominantly affects young adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Although radioprotection is a legal requirement, the significant potential of dose reduction in computed tomography (CT) is still underused in the clinical routine. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether maxillofacial fractures can be reliably detected and classified using ultra-low-dose CT.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>CT images of 123 clinical cases with maxillofacial fractures were classified by two readers using the AOCOIAC software and compared with the corresponding results from post-treatment images. In group 1, consisting of 97 patients with isolated facial trauma, pre-treatment CT images at different dose levels (volumetric computed tomography dose index: ultra-low dose, 2.6 mGy; low dose, <10 mGy; and regular dose, <20 mGy) were compared with post-treatment cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). In group 2, consisting of 31 patients with complex midface fractures, pre-treatment shock room CT images were compared with post-treatment CT at different dose levels or CBCT. All images were presented in random order and classified by 2 readers blinded to the clinical results. All cases with an unequal classification were re-evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both groups, ultra-low-dose CT had no clinically relevant effect on fracture classification. Fourteen cases in group 2 showed minor differences in the classification code, which were no longer obvious after comparing the images directly to each other.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultra-low-dose CT images allowed the correct diagnosis and classification of maxillofacial fractures. These results might lead to a substantial reconsideration of current reference dose levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/68/53/isd-53-69.PMC10060755.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solaleh Shahmirzadi, Taraneh Maghsoodi-Zahedi, Sarang Saadat, Husniye Demirturk Kocasarac, Mehrnoosh Rezvan, Rujuta A Katkar, Madhu K Nair
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of alveolar bone changes in patients who underwent minimally invasive periodontal surgery-namely, the pinhole surgical technique (PST).
Materials and methods: Alveolar bone height was measured and compared on CBCT images of 254 teeth from 23 consecutive patients with Miller class I, II, or III recession who had undergone PST. No patient with active periodontal disease was selected for surgery. Two different methods were used to assess the alveolar bone changes postoperatively. In both methods, the distance between the apex of the tooth and the mid-buccal alveolar crestal bone on pre- and post-surgical CBCT studies was measured.
Results: An average alveolar bone gain >0.5 mm following PST was identified using CBCT (P=0.05). None of the demographic variables, including sex, age, and time since surgery, had any significant effect on bone gain during follow-up, which ranged from 8 months to 3 years.
Conclusion: PST appears to be a promising treatment modality for recession that results in stable clinical outcomes and may lead to some level of resolution on the bone level. More long-term studies must be done to evaluate the impact of this novel technique on bone remodeling and to assess sustained bone levels within a larger study population.
目的:本研究的目的是评估微创牙周手术(即针孔手术技术(PST))患者的牙槽骨变化的三维锥形束计算机断层扫描(CBCT)图像。材料和方法:对23例连续行PST的Miller I、II、III级衰退患者的254颗牙的CBCT图像进行牙槽骨高度测量和比较。没有选择活动性牙周病患者进行手术。采用两种不同的方法评估术后牙槽骨的变化。在这两种方法中,在术前和术后的CBCT研究中测量了牙尖与中颊牙槽嵴骨之间的距离。结果:CBCT显示PST术后牙槽骨平均增厚>0.5 mm (P=0.05)。在随访期间(8个月至3年),包括性别、年龄和手术后时间在内的人口统计学变量均未对骨增重产生显著影响。结论:PST似乎是一种有希望的治疗衰退的方式,结果稳定的临床结果,并可能导致一定程度的骨水平的解决。必须进行更多的长期研究来评估这种新技术对骨重塑的影响,并在更大的研究人群中评估持续的骨水平。
{"title":"Assessment of alveolar bone changes in response to minimally invasive periodontal surgery: A cone-beam computed tomographic evaluation.","authors":"Solaleh Shahmirzadi, Taraneh Maghsoodi-Zahedi, Sarang Saadat, Husniye Demirturk Kocasarac, Mehrnoosh Rezvan, Rujuta A Katkar, Madhu K Nair","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate 3-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images of alveolar bone changes in patients who underwent minimally invasive periodontal surgery-namely, the pinhole surgical technique (PST).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Alveolar bone height was measured and compared on CBCT images of 254 teeth from 23 consecutive patients with Miller class I, II, or III recession who had undergone PST. No patient with active periodontal disease was selected for surgery. Two different methods were used to assess the alveolar bone changes postoperatively. In both methods, the distance between the apex of the tooth and the mid-buccal alveolar crestal bone on pre- and post-surgical CBCT studies was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An average alveolar bone gain >0.5 mm following PST was identified using CBCT (<i>P</i>=0.05). None of the demographic variables, including sex, age, and time since surgery, had any significant effect on bone gain during follow-up, which ranged from 8 months to 3 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PST appears to be a promising treatment modality for recession that results in stable clinical outcomes and may lead to some level of resolution on the bone level. More long-term studies must be done to evaluate the impact of this novel technique on bone remodeling and to assess sustained bone levels within a larger study population.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4b/b5/isd-53-1.PMC10060762.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andréa Huey Tsu Wang, Francine Kühl Panzarella, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, José Luiz Cintra Junqueira, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno
Purpose: This study compared the accuracy of detection of incomplete vertical root fractures (VRFs) in filled and unfilled teeth on cone-beam computed tomography images with and without a metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithm.
Materials and methods: Forty single-rooted maxillary premolars were selected and, after endodontic instrumentation, were categorized as unfilled teeth without fractures, filled teeth without fractures, unfilled teeth with fractures, or filled teeth with fractures. Each VRF was artificially created and confirmed by operative microscopy. The teeth were randomly arranged, and images were acquired with and without the MAR algorithm. The images were evaluated with OnDemand software (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). After training, 2 blinded observers each assessed the images for the presence and absence of VRFs 2 times separated by a 1-week interval. P-values<0.05 were considered to indicate significance.
Results: Of the 4 protocols, unfilled teeth analysed with the MAR algorithm had the highest accuracy of incomplete VRF diagnosis (0.65), while unfilled teeth reviewed without MAR were associated with the least accurate diagnosis (0.55). With MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 4 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition, while without MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 2.28 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition.
Conclusion: The use of the MAR algorithm increased the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of incomplete VRF on images of unfilled teeth.
{"title":"Effect of cone-beam computed tomography metal artefact reduction on incomplete subtle vertical root fractures.","authors":"Andréa Huey Tsu Wang, Francine Kühl Panzarella, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, José Luiz Cintra Junqueira, Carlos Eduardo da Silveira Bueno","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study compared the accuracy of detection of incomplete vertical root fractures (VRFs) in filled and unfilled teeth on cone-beam computed tomography images with and without a metal artefact reduction (MAR) algorithm.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty single-rooted maxillary premolars were selected and, after endodontic instrumentation, were categorized as unfilled teeth without fractures, filled teeth without fractures, unfilled teeth with fractures, or filled teeth with fractures. Each VRF was artificially created and confirmed by operative microscopy. The teeth were randomly arranged, and images were acquired with and without the MAR algorithm. The images were evaluated with OnDemand software (Cybermed Inc., Seoul, Korea). After training, 2 blinded observers each assessed the images for the presence and absence of VRFs 2 times separated by a 1-week interval. <i>P</i>-values<0.05 were considered to indicate significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4 protocols, unfilled teeth analysed with the MAR algorithm had the highest accuracy of incomplete VRF diagnosis (0.65), while unfilled teeth reviewed without MAR were associated with the least accurate diagnosis (0.55). With MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 4 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition, while without MAR, an unfilled tooth with an incomplete VRF was 2.28 times more likely to be identified as having an incomplete VRF than an unfilled tooth without this condition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of the MAR algorithm increased the diagnostic accuracy in the detection of incomplete VRF on images of unfilled teeth.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/99/15/isd-53-11.PMC10060756.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9594438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luciano Augusto Cano Martins, Danieli Moura Brasil, Deborah Queiroz Freitas, Matheus L Oliveira
Purpose: The aim of this study was to objectively detect simulated tooth ankylosis using a novel method involving cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).
Materials and methods: Tooth ankylosis was simulated in single-rooted human permanent teeth, and CBCT scans were acquired at different current levels (5, 6.3, and 8 mA) and voxel sizes (0.08, 0.125, and 0.2). In axial reconstructions, a line of interest was perpendicularly placed over the periodontal ligament space of 21 ankylosed and 21 non-ankylosed regions, and the CBCT grey values of all voxels along the line of interest were plotted against their corresponding X-coordinates through a line graph to generate a profile. The image contrast was increased by 30% and 60% and the profile assessment was repeated. The internal area of the resulting parabolas was obtained from all images and compared between ankylosed and non-ankylosed regions under different contrast enhancement conditions, voxel sizes, and mA levels using multi-way analysis of variance with the Tukey post hoc test (α=0.05).
Results: The internal area of the parabolas of all non-ankylosed regions was significantly higher than that of the ankylosed regions (P<0.05). Contrast enhancement led to a significantly greater internal area of the parabolas of non-ankylosed regions (P<0.05). Overall, voxel size and mA did not significantly influence the internal area of the parabolas (P>0.05).
Conclusion: The proposed novel method revealed a relevant degree of applicability in the detection of simulated tooth ankylosis; increased image contrast led to greater detectability.
{"title":"A novel method of objectively detecting tooth ankylosis using cone-beam computed tomography: A laboratory study.","authors":"Luciano Augusto Cano Martins, Danieli Moura Brasil, Deborah Queiroz Freitas, Matheus L Oliveira","doi":"10.5624/isd.20220186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5624/isd.20220186","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to objectively detect simulated tooth ankylosis using a novel method involving cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Tooth ankylosis was simulated in single-rooted human permanent teeth, and CBCT scans were acquired at different current levels (5, 6.3, and 8 mA) and voxel sizes (0.08, 0.125, and 0.2). In axial reconstructions, a line of interest was perpendicularly placed over the periodontal ligament space of 21 ankylosed and 21 non-ankylosed regions, and the CBCT grey values of all voxels along the line of interest were plotted against their corresponding X-coordinates through a line graph to generate a profile. The image contrast was increased by 30% and 60% and the profile assessment was repeated. The internal area of the resulting parabolas was obtained from all images and compared between ankylosed and non-ankylosed regions under different contrast enhancement conditions, voxel sizes, and mA levels using multi-way analysis of variance with the Tukey <i>post hoc</i> test (α=0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The internal area of the parabolas of all non-ankylosed regions was significantly higher than that of the ankylosed regions (<i>P</i><0.05). Contrast enhancement led to a significantly greater internal area of the parabolas of non-ankylosed regions (<i>P</i><0.05). Overall, voxel size and mA did not significantly influence the internal area of the parabolas (<i>P</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed novel method revealed a relevant degree of applicability in the detection of simulated tooth ankylosis; increased image contrast led to greater detectability.</p>","PeriodicalId":51714,"journal":{"name":"Imaging Science in Dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/b4/isd-53-61.PMC10060758.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9609531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}