Medical Mycology Case Reports最新文献

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Mixed mycotic infection in an immunocompromised host with advanced HIV diagnosed with the assistance of a Karius test 混合真菌感染在免疫功能低下的宿主与先进的艾滋病毒诊断协助卡里乌斯试验

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100761

Elise Hyser, Shirisha Pasula

We report the case of a 35-year-old female with advanced HIV diagnosed with a mixed mycotic infection. Diagnosis was assisted by Karius test. She was admitted with postpartum psychosis and developed fever and acute hypoxic respiratory failure initially thought to be from a bacterial hospital-acquired pneumonia. Due to lack of sufficient improvement on appropriate antibiotics, a broad infectious workup was sent. A Karius test was performed early during the workup. It returned positive for Pneumocystis jirovecii, Coccidioides posadasii, and Histoplasma capsulatum. Eventually a standard work up returned with a positive bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) test by direct fluorescent antibody (DFA), positive Histoplasma urine antigen, and positive serum coccidioidal titer of 1:16, corroborating the diagnosis of mixed mycotic infection. She was treated with a 21-day course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole followed by primaquine and clindamycin for PJP. She clinically improved with over 3 weeks of IV amphotericin B to cover for histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis, which was later de-escalated to oral itraconazole. She was instructed to follow up in clinic where bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide was initiated. This case highlights the utility of building a broad differential diagnosis as mixed mycotic infections can coexist in an immunocompromised host, and of utilizing a Karius test early in the course of illness in an immunocompromised patient to expedite a diagnosis. This case also demonstrates the need to recognize the changing geographic distribution of fungal infections.

我们报告的情况下，35岁的女性与晚期艾滋病毒诊断为混合真菌感染。卡留斯试验辅助诊断。她因产后精神病入院，并出现发烧和急性缺氧性呼吸衰竭，最初被认为是细菌性医院获得性肺炎。由于在适当的抗生素方面缺乏足够的改进，因此进行了广泛的感染检查。在检查早期进行了卡里乌斯测试。结果呈乙氏肺囊虫、波萨达球孢子虫和荚膜组织浆体阳性。最终，通过直接荧光抗体（DFA）检测，支气管肺泡灌洗（BAL）肺孢子虫肺炎（PJP）阳性，尿组织浆体抗原阳性，血清球虫滴度1:16阳性，证实了混合性真菌感染的诊断。患者给予甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑21天疗程，随后给予伯氨喹和克林霉素治疗PJP。她通过静脉注射两性霉素B治疗组织胞菌病和球孢子菌病3周以上的临床改善，后来降级为口服伊曲康唑。她被指示在开始使用比替替韦/恩曲他滨/替诺福韦阿拉芬胺的诊所进行随访。该病例强调了建立广泛的鉴别诊断的效用，因为混合真菌感染可以在免疫功能低下的宿主中共存，并且在免疫功能低下的患者的病程早期使用Karius试验可以加快诊断。这个病例也表明需要认识到真菌感染的地理分布的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Immunocompetent host and mortality-related coccidioidomycosis: A case report and narrative review 免疫功能宿主和死亡率相关的球孢子菌病：一个病例报告和叙述回顾

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100766

Efrén Rafael Ríos-Burgueño , Luis Antonio Ochoa-Ramírez , Ismael Velarde-Rodríguez , Juan Manuel Ramírez-Sánchez , Víctor Michael Salinas-Torres , Jesús Salvador Velarde-Félix

Coccidioidomycosis, caused by Coccidioides infection, is typically subclinical and self-limited in immunocompetent patients. Occupational soil exposure, age ≥55 years, pregnancy, comorbidities, or immunosuppression states are common contributors to disease progression and potential mortality. This report describes a 34-year-old woman from Northwest Mexico, without evident risk factors, who presented chest pain and odynophagia as initial clinical symptoms and died at the 19th day of progressive clinical evolution consequence of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. Findings in this report, along with those reviewed from the literature, highlight potential disparities that may be helpful in limited clinical settings, so eventual mortality-related coccidioidomycosis can be prevented.

由球虫感染引起的球孢子菌病，在免疫功能正常的患者中通常是亚临床和自限性的。职业性土壤暴露、年龄≥55岁、怀孕、合并症或免疫抑制状态是导致疾病进展和潜在死亡率的常见因素。本报告描述了一名来自墨西哥西北部的34岁女性，无明显危险因素，其最初临床症状为胸痛和嗜酸，并于肺部球孢子菌病的进展性临床演变后果第19天死亡。本报告的发现，以及文献综述的发现，强调了可能在有限的临床环境中有所帮助的潜在差异，因此最终可以预防与死亡率相关的球孢子菌病。

引用次数: 0

Rituximab-associated cryptococcal meningitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: A case report 系统性红斑狼疮伴利妥昔单抗隐球菌性脑膜炎1例报告

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100762

Sheyla Cadena , Ricardo Bedón-Galarza , Miguel Cachumba , Fabricio González-Andrade , Lucy Baldeón-Rojas

We report a 41-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus who developed cryptococcal meningitis five months after a second rituximab cycle. Initial symptoms mimicked an SLE flare, delaying diagnosis. Worsening neurologic deficits prompted lumbar puncture, revealing findings consistent with fungal meningitis and CSF culture positive for Cryptococcus neoformans. Treatment with amphotericin B and fluconazole resulted in clinical improvement, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and the need for early evaluation in immunosuppressed SLE patients.

我们报告一位41岁的系统性红斑狼疮妇女，在第二次利妥昔单抗周期后5个月发生隐球菌脑膜炎。最初的症状类似SLE发作，延误了诊断。神经功能缺陷恶化导致腰椎穿刺，结果显示与真菌性脑膜炎一致，脑脊液培养为新型隐球菌阳性。两性霉素B和氟康唑治疗导致临床改善，突出了免疫抑制SLE患者的诊断挑战和早期评估的必要性。

引用次数: 0

Insect-related sporotrichosis oculoglandular syndrome: A case report 昆虫相关孢子虫病眼腺综合征1例报告

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100765

Kosol Kampitak , Thanat Kampitak , Naree Warnnissorn , Arvemas Watcharakorn , Worakit Kaewnopparat , Panarat Hematulin

Sporotrichosis oculoglandular syndrome is an infectious disease caused by the thermodimorphic fungus Sporothrix species. Humans can become accidentally infected through vegetative trauma and contact with cats. However, there are no reported cases of this disease being transmitted by insects. In this report, we present a case of insect-related sporotrichosis oculoglandular syndrome.

眼腺孢子菌病是一种由热形态真菌孢子菌引起的传染病。人类可以通过植物性创伤和与猫接触而意外感染。然而，没有报告这种疾病由昆虫传播的病例。在此报告中，我们提出一例昆虫相关的孢子虫病眼腺综合征。

引用次数: 0

Fusarium solani infection induced cardiopulmonary failure in immunocompromised patients: Two case reports 免疫功能低下患者梭菌感染致心肺衰竭2例报告

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100763

Yuanying Zeng, Dan Chen, Fang Yang, Huaying Liu, Yuelin He, Chunfu Li

In patients with immune deficiencies, fusarium solani infections have a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate. Previous reports revealed patients with disseminated Fusarium infections often ultimately succumb to multi-organ failure, however, specific organs involved in the initial stages of failure and the progression of cardiopulmonary injuries are not described in detail. We here report the development of cardiopulmonary failure in two consecutive patients with fusarium solani infections.

在有免疫缺陷的患者中，茄枯菌感染预后差，死亡率高。先前的报告显示，弥散性镰刀菌感染患者通常最终死于多器官衰竭，然而，在衰竭的初始阶段所涉及的特定器官和心肺损伤的进展并没有详细描述。我们在此报告两个连续的梭兰镰刀菌感染患者的心肺衰竭的发展。

引用次数: 0

Concurrent pulmonary aspergillosis and phaeohyphomycosis due to Verruconis spp. in a stem cell transplant recipient with chronic graft-versus-host disease 慢性移植物抗宿主病干细胞移植受者由疣孢杆菌引起的并发肺曲霉病和褐丝菌病

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100764

Xosse Carreras , Francisco Machiavello Roman

Immunocompromised patients are at risk of complex invasive fungal infections. We report the case of a patient with profound immunosuppression following allogeneic stem cell transplantation who presented with a concurrent pulmonary infection due to Aspergillus nidulans and Verruconis spp. This case highlights the therapeutic challenges of managing simultaneous aspergillosis and phaeohyphomycosis in a patient with significant immune compromise.

免疫功能低下的患者有发生复杂侵袭性真菌感染的风险。我们报告了一例同种异体干细胞移植后出现严重免疫抑制的患者，该患者同时出现由细粒曲霉和Verruconis引起的肺部感染。该病例强调了在严重免疫受损的患者中同时管理曲霉病和褐丝酵菌病的治疗挑战。

引用次数: 0

Uncommon clinical presentations and diagnostic difficulties of antiphospholipid syndrome associated with cryptococcal meningitis: A case study 与隐球菌性脑膜炎相关的抗磷脂综合征的罕见临床表现和诊断困难：一个病例研究

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100760

Zhengxiang Lv , Xiaodong Liu , Ping Xu

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by thrombosis and obstetric morbidity. We report a 23-year-old female with APS who developed cryptococcal meningitis (CM) following immunosuppressive therapy. Diagnosed via cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture and MRI showing infarction, she had concomitant renal and hepatic failure, making amphotericin B contraindicated. Consequently, an individualized regimen comprising voriconazole and 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) was initiated, resulting in significant clinical improvement. This case underscores that CM is a serious opportunistic infection in patients undergoing immunosuppression for APS, highlighting the need for vigilant monitoring and tailored antifungal strategies for multi-organ dysfunction.

抗磷脂综合征（APS）是一种以血栓形成和产科发病率为特征的自身免疫性疾病。我们报告一位23岁女性APS患者在免疫抑制治疗后发展为隐球菌性脑膜炎（CM）。经脑脊液（CSF）培养和MRI诊断为梗死，并伴有肾和肝功能衰竭，两性霉素B禁忌。因此，开始使用伏立康唑和5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）组成的个体化治疗方案，导致显著的临床改善。该病例强调了CM是APS免疫抑制患者的严重机会性感染，强调了警惕监测和针对多器官功能障碍量身定制的抗真菌策略的必要性。

引用次数: 0

Isolated knee septic arthritis revealing disseminated coccidioidomycosis without apparent pulmonary involvement: A case report 孤立性膝脓毒性关节炎表现为弥散性球孢子菌病，无明显肺部累及：1例报告

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2026.100759

Elias Ledezma Flores , Arturo Urias Pompa , Ariadna Betsabel Heredia Pulido , César Noé López Barrón

Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that rarely presents as isolated osteoarticular disease in immunocompetent hosts. We report a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis manifesting as chronic septic arthritis of the tibiofemoral joint without apparent pulmonary involvement in a 32-year-old male. Diagnostic delay and initial immunosuppressive therapy contributed to disease progression. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis and combined surgical debridement and prolonged antifungal therapy led to favorable outcomes. This case highlights the importance of considering fungal etiologies in chronic monoarthritis in endemic regions.

球孢子菌病是一种地方性真菌感染，在免疫正常的宿主中很少表现为孤立的骨关节疾病。我们报告一例弥散性球孢子菌病表现为慢性感染性关节炎的胫股关节没有明显的肺部累及在一个32岁的男性。诊断延迟和最初的免疫抑制治疗导致疾病进展。组织病理学证实了诊断，联合手术清创和长期抗真菌治疗取得了良好的结果。本病例强调了在流行地区考虑慢性单关节炎真菌病因的重要性。

引用次数: 0

Skull base invasive aspergillosis in a peritoneal dialysis patient: A rare and devastating complication 腹膜透析患者的颅底侵袭性曲霉病：一种罕见且破坏性的并发症

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2025.100758

Nattapakorn Mai-on , Rubash Nath Yogi , Piyaporn Towangnang , Talerngsak Kanjanabuch

Aspergillus mastoiditis with skull base osteomyelitis is an exceptionally rare but life-threatening infection in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). We report a 60-year-old man with diabetic kidney failure on PD who developed invasive Aspergillus flavus mastoiditis progressing to skull base osteomyelitis. Despite early mastoidectomy, PD catheter removal, and voriconazole therapy achieving therapeutic levels, the infection advanced to involve the carotid sheath and parapharyngeal space, resulting in severe neurologic and systemic complications. Molecular sequencing confirmed A. flavus, excluding cryptic species such as A. tamarii. This case represents the first documented instance of skull base invasive aspergillosis in a PD patient and underscores the importance of early suspicion, species-level molecular confirmation, and multidisciplinary management in this formidable and rapidly progressive condition.

曲霉菌性乳突炎合并颅底骨髓炎是一种非常罕见但危及生命的感染，发生在腹膜透析（PD）患者中。我们报告一个60岁的男性糖尿病肾衰竭的PD谁发展为侵袭性黄曲霉乳突炎进展到颅底骨髓炎。尽管早期乳突切除术、PD导管切除和伏立康唑治疗达到治疗水平，但感染进展到颈动脉鞘和咽旁间隙，导致严重的神经系统和全身并发症。分子测序证实为A. flavus，不包括tamarii等隐种。该病例是PD患者颅底侵袭性曲霉病的第一例记录，强调了早期怀疑、物种水平分子确认和多学科管理对这种可怕且快速进展的疾病的重要性。

引用次数: 0

An invasive Aspergillus flavus infection in an extremely preterm neonate: a case report 侵袭性黄曲霉感染在一个极早产新生儿：1例报告

IF 1.3 Q3 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL

Medical Mycology Case Reports

Pub Date : 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2025.100757

Neema Pithia , Margie Morgan , Thea Tagliaferro , Priya R. Soni

Extremely preterm neonates are at heightened risk for invasive fungal infections. We report a fatal case of Aspergillus flavus infection in a 25-week infant, outlining the clinical course, antifungal treatment, and challenges in management. This case highlights the need for early recognition, rapid biopsy and aggressive therapy in vulnerable neonates.

极度早产的新生儿患侵袭性真菌感染的风险较高。我们报告一个致命的病例黄曲霉感染在一个25周的婴儿，概述了临床过程，抗真菌治疗，并在管理的挑战。该病例强调了对易感新生儿早期识别、快速活检和积极治疗的必要性。

引用次数: 0

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