Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1177/03611981241265691
Farish Jazlan, Amirali Soltanpour, Ali Zockaie, Mehrnaz Ghamami
Ferries play a crucial role in connecting island communities to mainland services. Thereby, ensuring equitable funding to these services is imperative. The Ferry Boat Program (FBP) is the primary federal funding source that allocates funding to ferry operators. Because of constrained financial resources, prudent fiscal governance is necessary to ensure the resiliency of the ferry systems. The primary objectives of this study are (i) to analyze the governance and funding requirements of ferry systems in Michigan, (ii) to conduct a comparative analysis of governance strategies with other state agencies, and (iii) to understand the effects of FBP formulation change under various legislative timeframes. A case study was conducted on four Michigan Islands. The study reveals that engine hours are a crucial metric for projecting funding needs. The nationwide survey highlights that Michigan has a relatively lower state funding per ridership, compared to other states. It is also observed that ferry services for residential islands exhibit inelastic demand, unlike tourism ferries, and budget allocations solely based on ridership volume might be insufficients. Consequently, the FBP formulation adjustment has affected funding competitiveness for operators serving mainly island residents. Overall, this study reveals that ferry governance models vary in their emphasis, from social cohesion to economic prosperity to mobility welfare. The study highlights the need for adaptive and dynamic governance models to account for demographic nuances to ensure equitable services for both residential and tourism-oriented ferry services. The research findings provide valuable resources for policy design concerning ferry system funding and governance.
{"title":"Ferry System Governance: A Review of the Michigan Ferry System and Comparative Analysis of Governance Strategies Nationwide","authors":"Farish Jazlan, Amirali Soltanpour, Ali Zockaie, Mehrnaz Ghamami","doi":"10.1177/03611981241265691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241265691","url":null,"abstract":"Ferries play a crucial role in connecting island communities to mainland services. Thereby, ensuring equitable funding to these services is imperative. The Ferry Boat Program (FBP) is the primary federal funding source that allocates funding to ferry operators. Because of constrained financial resources, prudent fiscal governance is necessary to ensure the resiliency of the ferry systems. The primary objectives of this study are (i) to analyze the governance and funding requirements of ferry systems in Michigan, (ii) to conduct a comparative analysis of governance strategies with other state agencies, and (iii) to understand the effects of FBP formulation change under various legislative timeframes. A case study was conducted on four Michigan Islands. The study reveals that engine hours are a crucial metric for projecting funding needs. The nationwide survey highlights that Michigan has a relatively lower state funding per ridership, compared to other states. It is also observed that ferry services for residential islands exhibit inelastic demand, unlike tourism ferries, and budget allocations solely based on ridership volume might be insufficients. Consequently, the FBP formulation adjustment has affected funding competitiveness for operators serving mainly island residents. Overall, this study reveals that ferry governance models vary in their emphasis, from social cohesion to economic prosperity to mobility welfare. The study highlights the need for adaptive and dynamic governance models to account for demographic nuances to ensure equitable services for both residential and tourism-oriented ferry services. The research findings provide valuable resources for policy design concerning ferry system funding and governance.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141933640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1177/03611981241265853
Luyang Zhao, Luman Zhao
Although high-speed rail (HSR) can reduce the total pollutant emission in intercity travel by replacing road travel, the scope of air pollution caused by vehicles is narrow, suggesting that HSR operation has limited impact on improving urban air quality. However, many studies have confirmed that the opening of HSR does significantly improve air quality in urban districts where HSR stations are located, and the improvements occur in real time. To study the real-time pathways through which this effect arises, this paper discovered the relationship between the opening of HSR, urban transportation, and urban air quality using mediation effect theory. The results showed that HSR has no significant direct impact on improving urban air quality, but mainly affected urban air quality indirectly and in real-time through urban transportation. This paper has identified and confirmed the real-time impact path of HSR on urban air quality, and provided some suggestions related to intercity travel and green tourism to promote the development of green consumption.
{"title":"Collaboration between High-Speed Rail and Urban Transportation to Improve Urban Air Quality in Green Travel","authors":"Luyang Zhao, Luman Zhao","doi":"10.1177/03611981241265853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241265853","url":null,"abstract":"Although high-speed rail (HSR) can reduce the total pollutant emission in intercity travel by replacing road travel, the scope of air pollution caused by vehicles is narrow, suggesting that HSR operation has limited impact on improving urban air quality. However, many studies have confirmed that the opening of HSR does significantly improve air quality in urban districts where HSR stations are located, and the improvements occur in real time. To study the real-time pathways through which this effect arises, this paper discovered the relationship between the opening of HSR, urban transportation, and urban air quality using mediation effect theory. The results showed that HSR has no significant direct impact on improving urban air quality, but mainly affected urban air quality indirectly and in real-time through urban transportation. This paper has identified and confirmed the real-time impact path of HSR on urban air quality, and provided some suggestions related to intercity travel and green tourism to promote the development of green consumption.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141933636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1177/03611981241265688
Yoshikazu Kanai, Jetpan Wetwitoo, Hironori Kato
This study performed a meta-analysis on the indirect effects of national highway projects in Japan to identify the project characteristics that contribute to the indirect effects, focusing on manufacturing transactions, business establishments, and employment. The dataset was developed from publicly available ex post evaluation reports of 243 national highway projects from 2013 to 2022. Univariate and multivariate binary probit models were estimated with the empirical dataset. The results showed that the length of the highway had significantly positive associations with all types of indirect effects, suggesting that longer highways enhanced economic activities in the highway vicinities. They also indicated that improved access to seaports and increased cargo weight limits also had positive associations with manufacturing transactions, whereas improved access to central cities had a weak positive association with employment. The formation of ring roads was also associated with increased employment, suggesting that businesses such as logistics facilities and warehouses prioritized proximity to cities. Finally, policy implications are presented in this study, for example, highway planning with improved accessibility covering both logistics and commuting could enhance the indirect effects of highway investments.
{"title":"Meta-Analysis on the Indirect Impacts of Highway Investment: Evidence from Japan","authors":"Yoshikazu Kanai, Jetpan Wetwitoo, Hironori Kato","doi":"10.1177/03611981241265688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241265688","url":null,"abstract":"This study performed a meta-analysis on the indirect effects of national highway projects in Japan to identify the project characteristics that contribute to the indirect effects, focusing on manufacturing transactions, business establishments, and employment. The dataset was developed from publicly available ex post evaluation reports of 243 national highway projects from 2013 to 2022. Univariate and multivariate binary probit models were estimated with the empirical dataset. The results showed that the length of the highway had significantly positive associations with all types of indirect effects, suggesting that longer highways enhanced economic activities in the highway vicinities. They also indicated that improved access to seaports and increased cargo weight limits also had positive associations with manufacturing transactions, whereas improved access to central cities had a weak positive association with employment. The formation of ring roads was also associated with increased employment, suggesting that businesses such as logistics facilities and warehouses prioritized proximity to cities. Finally, policy implications are presented in this study, for example, highway planning with improved accessibility covering both logistics and commuting could enhance the indirect effects of highway investments.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141933643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241264277
Josue Garita-Jimenez, Nam H. Tran, Faustina Keuliyan, Raquel Moraes, Carolina Rodezno, Fan Yin
Incorporating additives into asphalt binders or mixtures to mitigate the adverse effects of aging can improve the resistance to fatigue cracking and, thus, prolong asphalt pavement service life. This study aimed to assess five candidate anti-aging technologies through a comprehensive laboratory testing matrix that can reduce the aging susceptibility and enhance the cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures. Two base binders were modified with the additives. The resultant asphalt mixtures were tested at three aging conditions, including short-term and long-term oven aging and the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) Accelerated Weathering System. The study assessed the impact of additive technology on cracking performance through dynamic modulus and cyclic fatigue testing. The results were utilized to calculate the Sapp and Glover–Rowe mix ( G-Rm) indexes to gauge the cracking resistances and aging susceptibilities of the asphalt mixtures. A 20-year pavement structural analysis was conducted using FlexPAVE™ 1.1 software to determine the evolution of each mixture’s percent cracking damage. The results consistently indicated that additives 3, 4, and 5 increased the cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures for both base binders. FlexPAVE™ 1.1 pavement analysis also showed that all tested additives reduced the percent damage over 20 years, except for additive 4 with one of the base binders. Implementing and developing promising additives to counteract aging effects is vital for creating more sustainable and durable asphalt pavements.
{"title":"Innovative Rheological Modifiers for Decreasing the Cracking Susceptibility of Asphalt Mixtures","authors":"Josue Garita-Jimenez, Nam H. Tran, Faustina Keuliyan, Raquel Moraes, Carolina Rodezno, Fan Yin","doi":"10.1177/03611981241264277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241264277","url":null,"abstract":"Incorporating additives into asphalt binders or mixtures to mitigate the adverse effects of aging can improve the resistance to fatigue cracking and, thus, prolong asphalt pavement service life. This study aimed to assess five candidate anti-aging technologies through a comprehensive laboratory testing matrix that can reduce the aging susceptibility and enhance the cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures. Two base binders were modified with the additives. The resultant asphalt mixtures were tested at three aging conditions, including short-term and long-term oven aging and the National Center for Asphalt Technology (NCAT) Accelerated Weathering System. The study assessed the impact of additive technology on cracking performance through dynamic modulus and cyclic fatigue testing. The results were utilized to calculate the S<jats:sub>app</jats:sub> and Glover–Rowe mix ( G-R<jats:sub>m</jats:sub>) indexes to gauge the cracking resistances and aging susceptibilities of the asphalt mixtures. A 20-year pavement structural analysis was conducted using FlexPAVE™ 1.1 software to determine the evolution of each mixture’s percent cracking damage. The results consistently indicated that additives 3, 4, and 5 increased the cracking resistance of asphalt mixtures for both base binders. FlexPAVE™ 1.1 pavement analysis also showed that all tested additives reduced the percent damage over 20 years, except for additive 4 with one of the base binders. Implementing and developing promising additives to counteract aging effects is vital for creating more sustainable and durable asphalt pavements.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241263340
Qiang Chen, Elise Miller-Hooks, Sue McNeil, Shelley Stoffels, Pengsen Hu, Yuanchi Liu
The maintenance of roadways, bikeways, and sidewalks affects the users of not only the mode in which the maintenance action is taken, but also the users of other co-located modes. When such actions are taken simultaneously, either because of stovepiping in maintenance planning across modes or from larger projects that bundle these activities to improve efficiencies and reduce monetary costs, the activities can have very significant impacts on system users. Their impacts can be greater for the users of one mode over another and for some user groups over others. To capture the perspectives of diverse users and multi-modal traffic on shared facilities, a multi-modal network modeling methodology considering several additional important attributes (e.g., safety, slope, and costs at intersections) is proposed. An embedded traffic assignment model in mixed traffic of different modes is solved through a fast bush-based traffic assignment algorithm. Measurements of mobility, accessibility, safety, and proportional fairness are considered in impact evaluation. The developed method and metrics are applied to a case study replicating a portion of the business district adjacent to the University of Delaware campus. Outcomes from application of these tools show the existence of inequities across users.
{"title":"Evaluating the Impact of Maintenance Actions on Diverse Users in Shared Automobile, Bicycle, and Pedestrian Facilities","authors":"Qiang Chen, Elise Miller-Hooks, Sue McNeil, Shelley Stoffels, Pengsen Hu, Yuanchi Liu","doi":"10.1177/03611981241263340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241263340","url":null,"abstract":"The maintenance of roadways, bikeways, and sidewalks affects the users of not only the mode in which the maintenance action is taken, but also the users of other co-located modes. When such actions are taken simultaneously, either because of stovepiping in maintenance planning across modes or from larger projects that bundle these activities to improve efficiencies and reduce monetary costs, the activities can have very significant impacts on system users. Their impacts can be greater for the users of one mode over another and for some user groups over others. To capture the perspectives of diverse users and multi-modal traffic on shared facilities, a multi-modal network modeling methodology considering several additional important attributes (e.g., safety, slope, and costs at intersections) is proposed. An embedded traffic assignment model in mixed traffic of different modes is solved through a fast bush-based traffic assignment algorithm. Measurements of mobility, accessibility, safety, and proportional fairness are considered in impact evaluation. The developed method and metrics are applied to a case study replicating a portion of the business district adjacent to the University of Delaware campus. Outcomes from application of these tools show the existence of inequities across users.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study models the airspace sub-sectorization problem as a multi-objective complex network clustering problem. A decomposition-based discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm is then used to solve the problem, followed by applying the minimum bounding geometry method to design convex and compact boundaries. An Indian airspace sector was considered to validate the proposed framework. The waypoints and routes within the sector were represented as a network graph, and discretized traffic loads were randomly allotted to the vertices to guide the DPSO. The maximum number of generations or iterations was set as the termination criteria. The proposed approach generates clusters that result in all sub-sectors having a medium traffic load, ensuring equity that is difficult to achieve. This framework offers enough flexibility to avoid several strict constraints, thereby reducing the problem’s complexity. Moreover, the proposed framework improves the adaptability of sub-sectors to network evolution and traffic conditions, recognizing the hierarchical characteristics of air transport networks. The present research also motivates several research opportunities and possibilities for future air traffic management systems.
{"title":"On the Possibilities of Efficient Air Traffic Monitoring through Complex Network Clustering Based Airspace Sub-Sectorization: A Multi-Objective Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Approach","authors":"Aitichya Chandra, Sayan Hazra, Ashish Verma, K.P. Sooraj","doi":"10.1177/03611981241263829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241263829","url":null,"abstract":"This study models the airspace sub-sectorization problem as a multi-objective complex network clustering problem. A decomposition-based discrete particle swarm optimization (DPSO) algorithm is then used to solve the problem, followed by applying the minimum bounding geometry method to design convex and compact boundaries. An Indian airspace sector was considered to validate the proposed framework. The waypoints and routes within the sector were represented as a network graph, and discretized traffic loads were randomly allotted to the vertices to guide the DPSO. The maximum number of generations or iterations was set as the termination criteria. The proposed approach generates clusters that result in all sub-sectors having a medium traffic load, ensuring equity that is difficult to achieve. This framework offers enough flexibility to avoid several strict constraints, thereby reducing the problem’s complexity. Moreover, the proposed framework improves the adaptability of sub-sectors to network evolution and traffic conditions, recognizing the hierarchical characteristics of air transport networks. The present research also motivates several research opportunities and possibilities for future air traffic management systems.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241263574
Geoffery Agorku, Sarah Hernandez, Maria Falquez, Subhadipto Poddar, Kwadwo Amankwah-Nkyi
Inland waterways are critical for freight movement, but limited means exist for monitoring their performance and usage by freight-carrying vessels (e.g., barges). Although methods to track vessels (e.g., tug and tow boats) are publicly available through Automatic Identification System (AIS), ways to track freight tonnages and commodity flows carried on barges along these critical marine highways are nonexistent, especially in real-time settings. This study developed a method to detect barge traffic on inland waterways using existing traffic cameras with opportune viewing angles. Deep learning models You Only Look Once (YOLO), Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), and EfficientDet were employed to detect the presence of vessels/barges from video and classify them (no vessel or barge, vessel without barge, vessel with barge, barge). A dataset of 331 annotated images was collected from five existing traffic cameras along the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers for model development. YOLOv8 achieved an F1-score of 96%, outperforming YOLOv5, SSD, and EfficientDet at 86%, 79%, and 77%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was carried out for weather conditions (rain, fog) and location (Mississippi and Ohio River). A background subtraction technique normalized the video images across the various locations for the location sensitivity analysis. This model could be used to detect the presence of barges along river segments, which could be used for anonymous bulk commodity tracking and monitoring. Such data are valuable for long-range transportation planning efforts carried out by public transportation agencies, and for operational and maintenance planning conducted by federal agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
{"title":"Real-Time Barge Detection Using Traffic Cameras and Deep Learning on Inland Waterways","authors":"Geoffery Agorku, Sarah Hernandez, Maria Falquez, Subhadipto Poddar, Kwadwo Amankwah-Nkyi","doi":"10.1177/03611981241263574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241263574","url":null,"abstract":"Inland waterways are critical for freight movement, but limited means exist for monitoring their performance and usage by freight-carrying vessels (e.g., barges). Although methods to track vessels (e.g., tug and tow boats) are publicly available through Automatic Identification System (AIS), ways to track freight tonnages and commodity flows carried on barges along these critical marine highways are nonexistent, especially in real-time settings. This study developed a method to detect barge traffic on inland waterways using existing traffic cameras with opportune viewing angles. Deep learning models You Only Look Once (YOLO), Single Shot MultiBox Detector (SSD), and EfficientDet were employed to detect the presence of vessels/barges from video and classify them (no vessel or barge, vessel without barge, vessel with barge, barge). A dataset of 331 annotated images was collected from five existing traffic cameras along the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers for model development. YOLOv8 achieved an F1-score of 96%, outperforming YOLOv5, SSD, and EfficientDet at 86%, 79%, and 77%, respectively. Sensitivity analysis was carried out for weather conditions (rain, fog) and location (Mississippi and Ohio River). A background subtraction technique normalized the video images across the various locations for the location sensitivity analysis. This model could be used to detect the presence of barges along river segments, which could be used for anonymous bulk commodity tracking and monitoring. Such data are valuable for long-range transportation planning efforts carried out by public transportation agencies, and for operational and maintenance planning conducted by federal agencies such as the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241263827
Pouya Jalali Khalilabadi, Abolfazl Karimpour, Yao-Jan Wu, Simon T. Ramos
Red-light running (RLR) behavior poses significant risks at signalized intersections and has emerged as a leading cause of intersection-related crashes. The Phoenix metropolitan area had 113 RLR-related fatalities and 9,320 injuries from 2014 to 2020. To effectively mitigate RLR violations and uphold the safety of all road users, it is crucial to investigate RLR behavior at local intersections, evaluate the impact of different signal timing parameters—such as the yellow interval—on the frequency of RLR violations, and, finally, identify effective countermeasures. This study investigated the effect of updating the yellow interval on the frequency of red-light violations. Twelve intersections within the City of Phoenix were carefully selected as study sites. Then, smart sensors were installed to collect various data types, such as signal timing parameters, the vehicle count, and RLR violation data. Based on the ITE 2020 guidelines, yellow intervals were adjusted at each intersection. The effects of increased yellow intervals on RLR violations were examined by utilizing a comprehensive experimental before-and-after design. The before-and-after study results indicated that increasing the yellow intervals significantly reduced the average frequency of RLR violations for both through and left-turn movements by 83% and 72%, respectively. The results of this research are instrumental in informing transportation agencies, enabling them to adopt evidence-based approaches to signal timing strategies that enhance intersection safety and effectively reduce RLR violations.
{"title":"Understanding Drivers' Compliance Behavior: Data-Driven Assessment of Longer Yellow Intervals","authors":"Pouya Jalali Khalilabadi, Abolfazl Karimpour, Yao-Jan Wu, Simon T. Ramos","doi":"10.1177/03611981241263827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241263827","url":null,"abstract":"Red-light running (RLR) behavior poses significant risks at signalized intersections and has emerged as a leading cause of intersection-related crashes. The Phoenix metropolitan area had 113 RLR-related fatalities and 9,320 injuries from 2014 to 2020. To effectively mitigate RLR violations and uphold the safety of all road users, it is crucial to investigate RLR behavior at local intersections, evaluate the impact of different signal timing parameters—such as the yellow interval—on the frequency of RLR violations, and, finally, identify effective countermeasures. This study investigated the effect of updating the yellow interval on the frequency of red-light violations. Twelve intersections within the City of Phoenix were carefully selected as study sites. Then, smart sensors were installed to collect various data types, such as signal timing parameters, the vehicle count, and RLR violation data. Based on the ITE 2020 guidelines, yellow intervals were adjusted at each intersection. The effects of increased yellow intervals on RLR violations were examined by utilizing a comprehensive experimental before-and-after design. The before-and-after study results indicated that increasing the yellow intervals significantly reduced the average frequency of RLR violations for both through and left-turn movements by 83% and 72%, respectively. The results of this research are instrumental in informing transportation agencies, enabling them to adopt evidence-based approaches to signal timing strategies that enhance intersection safety and effectively reduce RLR violations.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241263348
Cesar Quiroga, Jenny Naranjo, John Campbell
Departments of transportation in the U.S. differ in their practices for the acquisition of utility property interests during the project delivery process. Anecdotal evidence suggests that acquiring utility property interests affects the acquisition of right-of-way for the project, the process and schedule of utility relocations, and the overall project delivery process. However, systematic research to assess practices in this area is conspicuously absent both at the federal and state levels. This paper addresses the question of how and when the identification of utility property interests occurs during the project delivery process. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge by summarizing the results of three sets of activities. First, through a review of laws, regulations, manuals, and other existing documentation, as well as interviews and case studies, the paper describes the state of the practice throughout the U.S. concerning the authority to acquire replacement right-of-way or additional land for utility relocations. Second, the paper describes typical scenarios for acquiring utility property rights. Finally, the paper outlines recommendations to acquire utility property rights in ways that increase the effectiveness of the process and minimize the risk of delays and added costs.
{"title":"Acquisition of Utility Property Interests for Transportation Projects","authors":"Cesar Quiroga, Jenny Naranjo, John Campbell","doi":"10.1177/03611981241263348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03611981241263348","url":null,"abstract":"Departments of transportation in the U.S. differ in their practices for the acquisition of utility property interests during the project delivery process. Anecdotal evidence suggests that acquiring utility property interests affects the acquisition of right-of-way for the project, the process and schedule of utility relocations, and the overall project delivery process. However, systematic research to assess practices in this area is conspicuously absent both at the federal and state levels. This paper addresses the question of how and when the identification of utility property interests occurs during the project delivery process. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge by summarizing the results of three sets of activities. First, through a review of laws, regulations, manuals, and other existing documentation, as well as interviews and case studies, the paper describes the state of the practice throughout the U.S. concerning the authority to acquire replacement right-of-way or additional land for utility relocations. Second, the paper describes typical scenarios for acquiring utility property rights. Finally, the paper outlines recommendations to acquire utility property rights in ways that increase the effectiveness of the process and minimize the risk of delays and added costs.","PeriodicalId":517391,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board","volume":"61 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141882974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/03611981241263820
Prathamesh Avinash More, Jino Thomas Therattil, Nipjyoti Bharadwaj
This research paper addresses the critical issue of work-zone safety, specifically focusing on the transition area where one or more lanes are reduced, leading to merging operations. Given the limited availability of reliable crash records, alternative methods are explored to evaluate safety in these zones. Surrogate safety measures (SSMs), such as time to collision (TTC), are employed to assess the potential risks. Videographic data is collected from two work-zone sites, located in Guwahati and Pune cities. The trajectories obtained from the data are analyzed to identify key parameters that influence the risk of rear-end crashes. To quantify merging-related crash risk, the study adopts the Gumbel distribution, which falls under the purview of extreme value theory (EVT). The EVT approach involves fitting the minimum TTC values, derived from the trajectory data, to the Gumbel distribution. This analysis allows for the estimation of crash risk associated with merging operations in work zones, providing valuable insights for implementing proactive safety measures. By focusing specifically on work-zone safety and exploring alternative evaluation methods, this research aims to overcome the challenges posed by the limited availability of crash records. The utilization of SSMs and the application of the Gumbel distribution within the framework of EVT offer comprehensive analysis of merging-related crash risk in work zones. Ultimately, the findings of this study aim to enhance safety and contribute to the implementation of effective measures to mitigate risks in work-zone areas, thereby ensuring the well-being of both workers and road users.
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