Pub Date : 2022-02-01DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2022.2030274
Eden Begna Gobena, S. Hean, V. Heaslip, I. Studsrød
Abstract Despite the increasing number of women experiencing incarceration internationally, their experiences of motherhood after prison rarely studied. This review aims to explore and synthesize current research on the nature of the lived experience of motherhood after imprisonment. A qualitative synthesis review of English language-based articles published before January 2020 was used. 14 peer-reviewed qualitative studies were identified. The findings indicate that the post-release was a time when mothers re-claim their mothering role but faced significant challenges without sufficient support systems. It was also a time of reflection on the impact that the context of incarceration had on parenting roles and relationships with their children. The review found that we have limited understanding of the mothers’ current experiences of motherhood post-release. The reports are also insufficient to capture the mothers’ voice in different contexts. Further research is therefore required to explore the motherhood experience after release in greater depth and richness.
{"title":"The Lived Experience of Motherhood after Prison: A Qualitative Systematic Review","authors":"Eden Begna Gobena, S. Hean, V. Heaslip, I. Studsrød","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2022.2030274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2022.2030274","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the increasing number of women experiencing incarceration internationally, their experiences of motherhood after prison rarely studied. This review aims to explore and synthesize current research on the nature of the lived experience of motherhood after imprisonment. A qualitative synthesis review of English language-based articles published before January 2020 was used. 14 peer-reviewed qualitative studies were identified. The findings indicate that the post-release was a time when mothers re-claim their mothering role but faced significant challenges without sufficient support systems. It was also a time of reflection on the impact that the context of incarceration had on parenting roles and relationships with their children. The review found that we have limited understanding of the mothers’ current experiences of motherhood post-release. The reports are also insufficient to capture the mothers’ voice in different contexts. Further research is therefore required to explore the motherhood experience after release in greater depth and richness.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48001926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2022.2028704
N. Todak, Renée J. Mitchell, Rachel Tolber
{"title":"“Well Boys, Welcome to the New Law Enforcement”: Reactions to Women on Elite Specialty Units","authors":"N. Todak, Renée J. Mitchell, Rachel Tolber","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2022.2028704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2022.2028704","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47029867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.2004971
Russ VerSteeg
Abstract This article strives to accomplish three objectives. First, it provides a general overview of jurisprudence and the organization of procedural law in ancient Egypt. Second, it considers several legal topics and how they relate to women in ancient Egypt. Third, it examines, in greater detail, how Egyptian law viewed gender roles and how the law influenced the status of men and women in ancient Egyptian society. The article highlights the special place that ancient Egyptian law occasionally gave to women within the broader legal context. Included among these observations are the following: women served as judges; they testified as witnesses during trials; they had legal authority to own, buy, and sell property; women paid taxes; women owned one-third of the property acquired during marriage, and children inherited their mother’s dowry; women could inherit property and could also make valid wills of their own; and they had capacity to enter into binding contracts. The article demonstrates that the legal status of women in ancient Egypt was unique among ancient civilizations.
{"title":"Ancient Egypt and Laws Relating to the Status of Women","authors":"Russ VerSteeg","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.2004971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.2004971","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article strives to accomplish three objectives. First, it provides a general overview of jurisprudence and the organization of procedural law in ancient Egypt. Second, it considers several legal topics and how they relate to women in ancient Egypt. Third, it examines, in greater detail, how Egyptian law viewed gender roles and how the law influenced the status of men and women in ancient Egyptian society. The article highlights the special place that ancient Egyptian law occasionally gave to women within the broader legal context. Included among these observations are the following: women served as judges; they testified as witnesses during trials; they had legal authority to own, buy, and sell property; women paid taxes; women owned one-third of the property acquired during marriage, and children inherited their mother’s dowry; women could inherit property and could also make valid wills of their own; and they had capacity to enter into binding contracts. The article demonstrates that the legal status of women in ancient Egypt was unique among ancient civilizations.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"1 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45109665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-14DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.2005741
V. Bragagnolo
Abstract This article analyzes “Missing and Missed: Report of The Independent Civilian Review into Missing Person Investigations,” a review of Toronto Police’s conduct during “missing persons” investigations. Analyzing the Bruce McArthur investigation and police’s failed efforts to solve some of his victims’ “missing persons” cases, questions if overt bias or intentional discrimination influenced police procedure are answered. Critical of blanket statements that pardon police wrongdoing, this article explores the report’s recommendations and concludes with a suggestion of a crime prevention model to be considered by Toronto Police who are expected to release a plan of implementation in or before April 2022.
{"title":"“Missing and Missed”: Failures of the Bruce McArthur Investigation and the Ongoing Victimization of Toronto’s Rainbow Streets","authors":"V. Bragagnolo","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.2005741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.2005741","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article analyzes “Missing and Missed: Report of The Independent Civilian Review into Missing Person Investigations,” a review of Toronto Police’s conduct during “missing persons” investigations. Analyzing the Bruce McArthur investigation and police’s failed efforts to solve some of his victims’ “missing persons” cases, questions if overt bias or intentional discrimination influenced police procedure are answered. Critical of blanket statements that pardon police wrongdoing, this article explores the report’s recommendations and concludes with a suggestion of a crime prevention model to be considered by Toronto Police who are expected to release a plan of implementation in or before April 2022.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"66 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47613310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-03DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.2007200
Sonia Boulos, César González-Cantón
Abstract Sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) have received well-founded criticism from multiple fronts for their discriminatory effects and variegated harmful consequences on LGBTQ + people. International human rights institutions had voiced their concern over extreme forms and coercive SOCE, labeling them as torture. However, the legal status of “soft” non-coercive practices (i.e., psychological interventions willingly sought by consumers) is less clear. This article argues that a proper understanding of the prohibition on torture and other forms of ill-treatment, and of the positive obligations attached to the right to equality requires banning SOCE in all its forms, even when pursued by consenting consumers.
{"title":"No Such Thing as Acceptable Sexual Orientation Change Efforts: An International Human Rights Analysis","authors":"Sonia Boulos, César González-Cantón","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.2007200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.2007200","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) have received well-founded criticism from multiple fronts for their discriminatory effects and variegated harmful consequences on LGBTQ + people. International human rights institutions had voiced their concern over extreme forms and coercive SOCE, labeling them as torture. However, the legal status of “soft” non-coercive practices (i.e., psychological interventions willingly sought by consumers) is less clear. This article argues that a proper understanding of the prohibition on torture and other forms of ill-treatment, and of the positive obligations attached to the right to equality requires banning SOCE in all its forms, even when pursued by consenting consumers.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"185 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48760782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-28DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.2004970
B. Barrett, A. Fitzgerald, Chi Ho Cheung
Abstract This study assesses the relationship between threatened/enacted violence against companion animals, intimate partner violence (IPV), fear of lethal violence, and help-seeking in a community sample of IPV survivors in Canada (n = 630). After controlling for socio-demographic covariates, IPV survivors who report animal maltreatment by their partner were significantly more likely to fear for their lives and to seek help from multiple sources of support than survivors who did not report animal maltreatment, with the relationship between animal abuse and help-seeking mediated by survivors’ fear of lethal IPV. Implications for the provision of effective services and supports to this high-risk population of IPV survivors are discussed.
{"title":"Domestic Violence, Companion Animal Abuse, and Help-Seeking: The Mediating Role of Fear of Lethal Violence","authors":"B. Barrett, A. Fitzgerald, Chi Ho Cheung","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.2004970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.2004970","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study assesses the relationship between threatened/enacted violence against companion animals, intimate partner violence (IPV), fear of lethal violence, and help-seeking in a community sample of IPV survivors in Canada (n = 630). After controlling for socio-demographic covariates, IPV survivors who report animal maltreatment by their partner were significantly more likely to fear for their lives and to seek help from multiple sources of support than survivors who did not report animal maltreatment, with the relationship between animal abuse and help-seeking mediated by survivors’ fear of lethal IPV. Implications for the provision of effective services and supports to this high-risk population of IPV survivors are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"467 - 481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49291961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-03DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1962480
S. Giwa, R. Colvin, R. Ricciardelli, Amanda P. Warren
Abstract Research into Canadian workplace experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) public safety personnel is scant. This exploratory ethnographic study examined reasons for lesbian and bisexual female officers joining the police, their shared workplace experiences, perceived career barriers based on sexual orientation, and perceptions of police leadership in advancing the inclusion of LGBTQ officers in the profession. Informed by intersectionality theory and thematic analysis, in-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with three active police officers in a medium-sized Canadian city. Four major themes emerged: (a) change in career paths in response to evolving life situations and desire for rewarding, nonmonotonous work; (b) latent stereotypes and biases within otherwise supportive organizational cultures; (c) sexual orientation not a barrier to career opportunities and advancement; and (d) strong support for LGBTQ diversity and inclusion at work but remaining challenges in police–LGBTQ community relations. Implications and recommendations for practice are discussed.
{"title":"Workplace Experiences of Lesbian and Bisexual Female Police Officers in the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary","authors":"S. Giwa, R. Colvin, R. Ricciardelli, Amanda P. Warren","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1962480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1962480","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research into Canadian workplace experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) public safety personnel is scant. This exploratory ethnographic study examined reasons for lesbian and bisexual female officers joining the police, their shared workplace experiences, perceived career barriers based on sexual orientation, and perceptions of police leadership in advancing the inclusion of LGBTQ officers in the profession. Informed by intersectionality theory and thematic analysis, in-depth semistructured interviews were conducted with three active police officers in a medium-sized Canadian city. Four major themes emerged: (a) change in career paths in response to evolving life situations and desire for rewarding, nonmonotonous work; (b) latent stereotypes and biases within otherwise supportive organizational cultures; (c) sexual orientation not a barrier to career opportunities and advancement; and (d) strong support for LGBTQ diversity and inclusion at work but remaining challenges in police–LGBTQ community relations. Implications and recommendations for practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"93 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49627884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-01DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1993424
Anna E. Kosloski, Bridget K. Diamond-Welch
Abstract Understanding the motives, behaviors, demographic characteristics, and deterrence strategies of those involved in purchasing commercial sex have focused on samples of men. Through an online survey of men (n = 381) and women who purchase sex (n = 143) in the United States, this study provides an exploratory examination on the differences of purchasing by gender. While men reported purchasing sexual services at a higher rate, women who purchased were less likely to be in a relationship. No differences in the deterrence of purchasing were found by gender, yet current deterrence strategies were not found to be effective among the sample.
{"title":"The Men and Women Who Purchase Sex in the United States: Understanding Motives, Practices, and Preferences","authors":"Anna E. Kosloski, Bridget K. Diamond-Welch","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1993424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1993424","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the motives, behaviors, demographic characteristics, and deterrence strategies of those involved in purchasing commercial sex have focused on samples of men. Through an online survey of men (n = 381) and women who purchase sex (n = 143) in the United States, this study provides an exploratory examination on the differences of purchasing by gender. While men reported purchasing sexual services at a higher rate, women who purchased were less likely to be in a relationship. No differences in the deterrence of purchasing were found by gender, yet current deterrence strategies were not found to be effective among the sample.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"306 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49491431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-26DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1972899
S. Uma
Abstract This article examines the birth, life and death of the criminal law provision on adultery in India through historical, socio-legal, feminist and human rights perspectives. The provision on adultery was struck down as unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of India in 2018. The article analyses the legal developments culminating in the landmark judgment, as well as its aftermath. It addresses, as a central question, the construction of intimate relationships in criminal law, law’s emphasis on and interest in enforcing a monogamous marriage and consequently the non-recognition of sexual autonomy of women within the same. Through an examination of the judicial reasoning, international jurisprudence, established human rights standards and feminist scholarship, the article argues that adultery has no place in criminal law. Further, it argues that family laws must broaden and take into account newer forms of marriage and relationships that defy traditional, hetero-monogamous notions, based on egalitarian and inclusive principles.
{"title":"Fidelity, Male Privilege and the Sanctity of Marriage: Examining the Decriminalization of Adultery in India","authors":"S. Uma","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1972899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1972899","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the birth, life and death of the criminal law provision on adultery in India through historical, socio-legal, feminist and human rights perspectives. The provision on adultery was struck down as unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of India in 2018. The article analyses the legal developments culminating in the landmark judgment, as well as its aftermath. It addresses, as a central question, the construction of intimate relationships in criminal law, law’s emphasis on and interest in enforcing a monogamous marriage and consequently the non-recognition of sexual autonomy of women within the same. Through an examination of the judicial reasoning, international jurisprudence, established human rights standards and feminist scholarship, the article argues that adultery has no place in criminal law. Further, it argues that family laws must broaden and take into account newer forms of marriage and relationships that defy traditional, hetero-monogamous notions, based on egalitarian and inclusive principles.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"28 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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