Pub Date : 2021-10-24DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1994102
J. J. Vázquez, A. Cabrera, Sonia Panadero
{"title":"Involvement in the Criminal Justice System and Incarceration among Women and Men Living Homeless in Spain","authors":"J. J. Vázquez, A. Cabrera, Sonia Panadero","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1994102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1994102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48874073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-17DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1988034
Rachel Keighley
Abstract Research has demonstrated how LGBTQ+ hate is widespread on the internet. The nature of the online world is such that the permanence and desistance of hate is greater than its offline counterpart. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to the impacts of this type of behavior. Drawing on the findings of a survey involving 175 LGBTQ+ respondents aged 13–25, and 15 follow-up interviews, this paper addresses this gap by exploring the range of significant impacts that LGBTQ+ young people experience on their well-being and relationships with others. Given the ubiquitous nature of online abuse, this paper demonstrates the need for a targeted criminal justice response. Consequently, this paper discusses the implications of the findings with respect to future research.
{"title":"Hate Hurts: Exploring the Impact of Online Hate on LGBTQ+ Young People","authors":"Rachel Keighley","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1988034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1988034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Research has demonstrated how LGBTQ+ hate is widespread on the internet. The nature of the online world is such that the permanence and desistance of hate is greater than its offline counterpart. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to the impacts of this type of behavior. Drawing on the findings of a survey involving 175 LGBTQ+ respondents aged 13–25, and 15 follow-up interviews, this paper addresses this gap by exploring the range of significant impacts that LGBTQ+ young people experience on their well-being and relationships with others. Given the ubiquitous nature of online abuse, this paper demonstrates the need for a targeted criminal justice response. Consequently, this paper discusses the implications of the findings with respect to future research.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"29 - 48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48256511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-14DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1985044
Maria João Leote de Carvalho, Vera Duarte, Sílvia Gomes
Abstract This article discusses the role that gender and age play in female crime and delinquency in Portugal, drawing on the voices of female offenders across different generations—childhood, youth, and adulthood. Based on the analysis of 49 interviews with female offenders, it explores the ways in which these girls and women construct and account for their own criminal behavior. The results reveal a kaleidoscope of changes cutting across generational groups, punctuated by increasing involvement of younger groups in offending as a form of emancipation. Young and older female offenders show different patterns of offending, which reflect multiple and ambivalent old and new forms of femininity. Girls’ and women’s paths both to and in offending have their own idiosyncrasies. They also reflect the way gender is being constantly reconfigured and reconstructed through time, and in different social and institutional contexts.
{"title":"Female Crime and Delinquency: A Kaleidoscope of Changes at the Intersection of Gender and Age","authors":"Maria João Leote de Carvalho, Vera Duarte, Sílvia Gomes","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1985044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1985044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article discusses the role that gender and age play in female crime and delinquency in Portugal, drawing on the voices of female offenders across different generations—childhood, youth, and adulthood. Based on the analysis of 49 interviews with female offenders, it explores the ways in which these girls and women construct and account for their own criminal behavior. The results reveal a kaleidoscope of changes cutting across generational groups, punctuated by increasing involvement of younger groups in offending as a form of emancipation. Young and older female offenders show different patterns of offending, which reflect multiple and ambivalent old and new forms of femininity. Girls’ and women’s paths both to and in offending have their own idiosyncrasies. They also reflect the way gender is being constantly reconfigured and reconstructed through time, and in different social and institutional contexts.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"280 - 301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1983913
Chiao-yu Yang, Lauren M. Cestone, Hui-Ching Wu
{"title":"Pathways to Successful Community Reentry and Drug Use Recovery Among Previously Incarcerated Women in Taiwan","authors":"Chiao-yu Yang, Lauren M. Cestone, Hui-Ching Wu","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1983913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1983913","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49140545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1962479
Lin Liu, R. Bachman, Jing Qiu, D. Sun
Abstract While numerous studies have unpacked gender-based disparities in judges’ sentencing decisions, few studies have examined the gender gap in correction settings. This study examines inmates’ gender gap in actual incarceration length with the effects of criminal propensities adjusted. Based on a sample including both petty and serious offenders, we use survival analysis to examine whether female inmates had shorter incarcerations to similarly situated males. We use Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to examine whether males and females who had indistinguishable lengths of incarcerations also demonstrated comparable levels of criminal propensities. Findings illustrate that the lenient treatment for females is conditional rather than universal. Females had shorter incarceration lengths only when they committed less severe crimes. Additionally, among offenders who committed less severe crimes, females demonstrated significantly lower levels of criminal propensity than males. However, among serious offenders, neither a gender gap in incarceration length nor gender disparity in criminal propensities was found.
{"title":"Do Both Petty and Serious Female Offenders Have Shorter Incarcerations than Their Male Counterparts? Testing the Universality of Chivalrous Treatment","authors":"Lin Liu, R. Bachman, Jing Qiu, D. Sun","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1962479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1962479","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While numerous studies have unpacked gender-based disparities in judges’ sentencing decisions, few studies have examined the gender gap in correction settings. This study examines inmates’ gender gap in actual incarceration length with the effects of criminal propensities adjusted. Based on a sample including both petty and serious offenders, we use survival analysis to examine whether female inmates had shorter incarcerations to similarly situated males. We use Wilcoxon signed-rank tests to examine whether males and females who had indistinguishable lengths of incarcerations also demonstrated comparable levels of criminal propensities. Findings illustrate that the lenient treatment for females is conditional rather than universal. Females had shorter incarceration lengths only when they committed less severe crimes. Additionally, among offenders who committed less severe crimes, females demonstrated significantly lower levels of criminal propensity than males. However, among serious offenders, neither a gender gap in incarceration length nor gender disparity in criminal propensities was found.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"310 - 324"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49634059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-04DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1976699
Jason M. Smith, C. Gacono, T. Cunliffe
Abstract Managing the incarcerated population is the primary task within correctional settings. Using psychological assessment to predict institutional behavior, the psychologist has a unique set of skills essential to the management of prisoners. PCL-R, PAI, and Rorschach data were compared with institutional infractions (total, physical, verbal, non-aggressive) among 126 incarcerated women. Multiple binary logistic regression analyses were used which found significant correlations between PCL-R total score, PAI scales (BOR, ANT, VPI), and Rorschach variables (ROD, EGOI, TCI, AgPot, AgPast, SumV, SumC’, MOR) with total, verbal, physical, and nonviolent incident reports. Each of these measures adds incrementally to the assessment and understanding of institutional misbehavior for incarcerated women. Clinical implications of the findings were presented.
{"title":"The PCL-R, PAI, and Rorschach as Predictors of Institutional Misconduct with Incarcerated Women","authors":"Jason M. Smith, C. Gacono, T. Cunliffe","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1976699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1976699","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Managing the incarcerated population is the primary task within correctional settings. Using psychological assessment to predict institutional behavior, the psychologist has a unique set of skills essential to the management of prisoners. PCL-R, PAI, and Rorschach data were compared with institutional infractions (total, physical, verbal, non-aggressive) among 126 incarcerated women. Multiple binary logistic regression analyses were used which found significant correlations between PCL-R total score, PAI scales (BOR, ANT, VPI), and Rorschach variables (ROD, EGOI, TCI, AgPot, AgPast, SumV, SumC’, MOR) with total, verbal, physical, and nonviolent incident reports. Each of these measures adds incrementally to the assessment and understanding of institutional misbehavior for incarcerated women. Clinical implications of the findings were presented.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"32 1","pages":"483 - 501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47350665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1980483
I. Mosechkin
Abstract The purpose of the research is to determine the primary internal motives associated with a woman’s decision to commit murder. We analyzed 250 sentences on female homicide offenders in the Russian Federation. The sentences were published on the official websites of the courts of the Russian Federation. We found that the most common motives are: hostility caused by an insult from another person; dislike caused by violence from another person; the desire to protect oneself from sexual harassment. More than 87% of women who committed murder were intoxicated at the time.
{"title":"Why Women Kill: Studying Motives for Committing Crimes","authors":"I. Mosechkin","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1980483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1980483","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The purpose of the research is to determine the primary internal motives associated with a woman’s decision to commit murder. We analyzed 250 sentences on female homicide offenders in the Russian Federation. The sentences were published on the official websites of the courts of the Russian Federation. We found that the most common motives are: hostility caused by an insult from another person; dislike caused by violence from another person; the desire to protect oneself from sexual harassment. More than 87% of women who committed murder were intoxicated at the time.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"207 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45499020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-23DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1976700
P. Błędowski, J. Felczak, Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak, M. Góra
We investigate labor force participation of female ex-offenders who served their first sentence late in life. We investigate whether ex-offenders’ labor market attachment differed before and after ...
{"title":"Do Older Female Ex-Prisoners Participate in the Labour Market?","authors":"P. Błędowski, J. Felczak, Ewa Gałecka-Burdziak, M. Góra","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1976700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1976700","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate labor force participation of female ex-offenders who served their first sentence late in life. We investigate whether ex-offenders’ labor market attachment differed before and after ...","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42422013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-21DOI: 10.1080/08974454.2021.1970695
Katherine Flórez, Carolina Villacampa
Abstract Desistance from criminal careers among guerrilla women in Colombia is a little-studied reality to date. The present study was undertaken to address this gap in the research, particularly in light of the high rates of post-disarmament recidivism. Specifically, a qualitative model was developed to identify desistance in a group of women linked to the guerrillas and currently in prison, close to having served out their alternative post-disarmament sentences under Law 975/2005. The model analyzed psychological and subjective factors in these women indicative of desistance, such as: the initiation of new projects, social ties, and feelings of remorse, self-efficacy, and self-control. These factors theoretically explain the women’s interest in staying away from criminal careers, as well as the risk of reoffending. The model was tested by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 women. As a general result, factors conducive to desistance from criminal careers were found to exist for 60% of the interviewed women, while 40% of the cases were at risk of recidivism.
{"title":"Desistance from Crime Among Colombian Guerrilla Women: Determinant Subjective Factors","authors":"Katherine Flórez, Carolina Villacampa","doi":"10.1080/08974454.2021.1970695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08974454.2021.1970695","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Desistance from criminal careers among guerrilla women in Colombia is a little-studied reality to date. The present study was undertaken to address this gap in the research, particularly in light of the high rates of post-disarmament recidivism. Specifically, a qualitative model was developed to identify desistance in a group of women linked to the guerrillas and currently in prison, close to having served out their alternative post-disarmament sentences under Law 975/2005. The model analyzed psychological and subjective factors in these women indicative of desistance, such as: the initiation of new projects, social ties, and feelings of remorse, self-efficacy, and self-control. These factors theoretically explain the women’s interest in staying away from criminal careers, as well as the risk of reoffending. The model was tested by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 women. As a general result, factors conducive to desistance from criminal careers were found to exist for 60% of the interviewed women, while 40% of the cases were at risk of recidivism.","PeriodicalId":51745,"journal":{"name":"Women & Criminal Justice","volume":"33 1","pages":"189 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48114858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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