The present study aims to explore students’ attitudes towards learning Building Performance Simulation (BPS) as novice users in architectural design programs and to discuss how BPS tools for the early stages of design can better respond to users’ demands. To achieve these goals, a BPS platform developed for the early stages of design, Sefaira, was taught to the junior students enrolled in an architectural design program. After learning the tool, the students were invited to an online survey asking about their experiences of learning the tool, and a total of 52 students voluntarily participated in the survey. Although learning the software was challenging and had limitations, the respondents found that learning BPS was helpful for developing and testing their design ideas.
{"title":"LEARNING BUILDING PERFORMANCE SIMULATION AS NOVICE USERS IN ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN","authors":"S. Jo, Elizabeth Joyce Grant","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study aims to explore students’ attitudes towards learning Building Performance Simulation (BPS) as novice users in architectural design programs and to discuss how BPS tools for the early stages of design can better respond to users’ demands. To achieve these goals, a BPS platform developed for the early stages of design, Sefaira, was taught to the junior students enrolled in an architectural design program. After learning the tool, the students were invited to an online survey asking about their experiences of learning the tool, and a total of 52 students voluntarily participated in the survey. Although learning the software was challenging and had limitations, the respondents found that learning BPS was helpful for developing and testing their design ideas.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80177147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A system for isolating buildings and potentially other structures to protect them against the effects of earthquakes is presented and discussed. This isolation system relies on an assembly of slender steel members vertically placed between the ground and the building base. It is intended to carry the vertical loading of the building while undergoing significant lateral deflections to absorb dominant horizontal ground motions produced by earthquakes. Discussions are presented that facilitate the understanding of the structural behavior of the system and its ability to protect buildings against seismic/earthquake activity. The isolation system contributes to sustainability in design by safeguarding human health while preserving natural resources that would otherwise be needed to repair or replace a potentially damaged structure built without such isolation. The assembly of the proposed system requires no specialized methodologies, and the system itself does not involve some non-environmentallyfriendly materials or fabrication processes that typically characterize the production of currently available base isolation systems. This adds to the attractiveness of the proposed system as a practical, innovative option that can contribute to sustainability in design. Merits of the system are further discussed in this paper and demonstrated by using examples representative of actual conditions for building applications.
{"title":"A SUSTAINABLE DESIGN FOR BUILDINGS AGAINST EARTHQUAKES","authors":"G. Hahn","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.67","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 A system for isolating buildings and potentially other structures to protect them against the effects of earthquakes is presented and discussed. This isolation system relies on an assembly of slender steel members vertically placed between the ground and the building base. It is intended to carry the vertical loading of the building while undergoing significant lateral deflections to absorb dominant horizontal ground motions produced by earthquakes. Discussions are presented that facilitate the understanding of the structural behavior of the system and its ability to protect buildings against seismic/earthquake activity. The isolation system contributes to sustainability in design by safeguarding human health while preserving natural resources that would otherwise be needed to repair or replace a potentially damaged structure built without such isolation. The assembly of the proposed system requires no specialized methodologies, and the system itself does not involve some non-environmentallyfriendly materials or fabrication processes that typically characterize the production of currently available base isolation systems. This adds to the attractiveness of the proposed system as a practical, innovative option that can contribute to sustainability in design. Merits of the system are further discussed in this paper and demonstrated by using examples representative of actual conditions for building applications.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90669922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brick production has significant environmental impacts; its use of coal in particular emits CO2 emissions and pollutants. Despite the Turkish brick industry’s use of coal in its firing process, there is no environmental data for its fired brick production. This study thus aims to obtain local environmental data, assess environmental impacts, and contribute to product and process development for sustainable fired brick in Turkey. For this purpose, two Turkish brick factories of different kiln types, Hoffman and tunnel, were monitored for environmental sustainability as case studies. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used in the system boundary from cradle-to-gate. After the acquisition of the factories’ inventory data, their environmental impacts were assessed and compared. The study then uses these results to determine the life cycle phases most important in supporting decision-making by designers and practitioners and the contribution of each phase to the total environmental burden for each impact category. It was determined that manufacturing is the most relevant life cycle phase for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity and water consumption. The Hoffman factory gives more favorable results than the tunnel factory for all impact categories, with the exceptions of fine particulate matter formation and mineral resource scarcity. These results may allow for comparison with other studies on the environmental impacts of fired brick production.
{"title":"LIFE CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BRICK PRODUCTION: TURKEY AS A CASE STUDY","authors":"Saniye Karaman Öztaş, İzzet Yüksek","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.125","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Brick production has significant environmental impacts; its use of coal in particular emits CO2 emissions and pollutants. Despite the Turkish brick industry’s use of coal in its firing process, there is no environmental data for its fired brick production. This study thus aims to obtain local environmental data, assess environmental impacts, and contribute to product and process development for sustainable fired brick in Turkey. For this purpose, two Turkish brick factories of different kiln types, Hoffman and tunnel, were monitored for environmental sustainability as case studies. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used in the system boundary from cradle-to-gate. After the acquisition of the factories’ inventory data, their environmental impacts were assessed and compared. The study then uses these results to determine the life cycle phases most important in supporting decision-making by designers and practitioners and the contribution of each phase to the total environmental burden for each impact category. It was determined that manufacturing is the most relevant life cycle phase for all impact categories except terrestrial ecotoxicity and water consumption. The Hoffman factory gives more favorable results than the tunnel factory for all impact categories, with the exceptions of fine particulate matter formation and mineral resource scarcity. These results may allow for comparison with other studies on the environmental impacts of fired brick production.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81101976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucas Arango-Díaz, Y. A. Hernández, Hector W. Gallego, M. B. Piderit-Moreno
The proper consideration of daylight in indoor environments refers to guaranteeing sufficient light levels while minimizing the risks of glare. Currently, The International Organization Standardization-ISO and the International Commission on Illumination-CIE establish that, for classrooms, the proper lighting level oscillates between 300–500 lx. Despite this, there is evidence of differences in the daylighting levels perceived as sufficient. The objective of this article is to identify and to explain the differences in perception of daylighting sufficiency to perform typical reading and writing activities in four cities in Colombia with latitudes that oscillate between 3°25’18”N to 6°15’7”N: Armenia, Cali, Medellin and Manizales. A methodology that included the application of surveys to university students in classrooms was outlined; at the same time workplane illuminance was measured in the workstations and vertical illuminance at the height of the eyes of people. The results showed differences between cities in the proportion of people who perceive certain daylighting level as sufficiently illuminated. A logistic regression model showed that those differences can be explained from the global solar radiation of each city.
{"title":"DIFFERENCES IN PERCEPTION OF DAYLIGHTING SUFFICIENCY RELATED TO THE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF UNIVERSITY CLASSROOMS","authors":"Lucas Arango-Díaz, Y. A. Hernández, Hector W. Gallego, M. B. Piderit-Moreno","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.181","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The proper consideration of daylight in indoor environments refers to guaranteeing sufficient light levels while minimizing the risks of glare. Currently, The International Organization Standardization-ISO and the International Commission on Illumination-CIE establish that, for classrooms, the proper lighting level oscillates between 300–500 lx. Despite this, there is evidence of differences in the daylighting levels perceived as sufficient. The objective of this article is to identify and to explain the differences in perception of daylighting sufficiency to perform typical reading and writing activities in four cities in Colombia with latitudes that oscillate between 3°25’18”N to 6°15’7”N: Armenia, Cali, Medellin and Manizales. A methodology that included the application of surveys to university students in classrooms was outlined; at the same time workplane illuminance was measured in the workstations and vertical illuminance at the height of the eyes of people. The results showed differences between cities in the proportion of people who perceive certain daylighting level as sufficiently illuminated. A logistic regression model showed that those differences can be explained from the global solar radiation of each city.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"91 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90628360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to compare the strategies that Finland and Spain have taken in order to get the Gold license from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Core and Shell (LEED–C-and-S) rating system. LEED–C-and-S version 3 (v3) and version 4 (v4) were considered. The absolute effect size is used to evaluate the performance of the LEED–C-and-S points. To assess the difference between Finland and Spain, we use the natural logarithm of the odds ratio and Fisher’s exact 2 × 2 test with Lancaster’s mid-p-value when analyzing the dichotomous data, and Cliff’s δ and the exact Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests when analyzing ordinal data. As a result, in order to achieve the Gold level in LEED–C-and-S office-type projects, Finland and Spain demonstrated similarities and differences in credit values in v3 and v4. In v4 (latest version), the similarly high credits were location and transportation (LT) and water efficiency (WE) and similarly low credits were material and resource (MR) and environmental quality (EQ); different credit values were in the energy and atmosphere (EA) category, in which Finland outperformed Spain, and the sustainable sites (SS) strategy category, in which Spain outperformed Finland. Thus, Finland used the LT-WE-EA strategy, whereas Spain used the LT-WE-SS strategy. Knowing these strategies can be helpful in better understanding green building development in these countries.
{"title":"ASSESSING LEED CORE AND SHELL (LEED–C-AND-S), V3 AND V4, OF GOLD OFFICE-TYPE PROJECTS: THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN FINLAND AND SPAIN","authors":"S. Pushkar","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.109","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study aims to compare the strategies that Finland and Spain have taken in order to get the Gold license from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Core and Shell (LEED–C-and-S) rating system. LEED–C-and-S version 3 (v3) and version 4 (v4) were considered. The absolute effect size is used to evaluate the performance of the LEED–C-and-S points. To assess the difference between Finland and Spain, we use the natural logarithm of the odds ratio and Fisher’s exact 2 × 2 test with Lancaster’s mid-p-value when analyzing the dichotomous data, and Cliff’s δ and the exact Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests when analyzing ordinal data. As a result, in order to achieve the Gold level in LEED–C-and-S office-type projects, Finland and Spain demonstrated similarities and differences in credit values in v3 and v4. In v4 (latest version), the similarly high credits were location and transportation (LT) and water efficiency (WE) and similarly low credits were material and resource (MR) and environmental quality (EQ); different credit values were in the energy and atmosphere (EA) category, in which Finland outperformed Spain, and the sustainable sites (SS) strategy category, in which Spain outperformed Finland. Thus, Finland used the LT-WE-EA strategy, whereas Spain used the LT-WE-SS strategy. Knowing these strategies can be helpful in better understanding green building development in these countries.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73632435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Australia has ranked as one of the most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate change. The rising trend of temperature is intensifying the creation and extension of urban heat islands (UHI). This paper investigates different cooling street strategies in line with developing resilient Sydney to the effects of climate change. Two different approaches are investigated including, green canopy and cool pavement. A wide range of impacted parameters is examined including Air Temperature, Surface Temperature, Sensible Heat Flux, Sky View Factor, Human Thermal Comfort, and Mean Radiant Temperature. Also, different surface reactions to the sun and shadow were surveyed to investigate the various materials responses to the different levels of shadow. ENVImet software is adopted to simulate and quantify microclimate processes before and after introducing cooling street strategies. This study demonstrates that replacing asphalt pavement with light concrete pavement reduces surface temperature by up to 20°C. Planting short to medium height trees reduces air temperature by up to 3°C and surface temperature by up to 11°C. Also, human thermal comfort has a direct relationship with the Sky View Factor at daytime. Besides, the study proves that the Mean Radiant Temperature is reduced considerably by both green canopy and light pavement scenarios in the daytime; however, the night time radiant heat does not differ substantially in any of the scenarios. Overall, both proposed initiatives show the positive cooling effects on air, surface, and mean radiant temperature, human thermal comfort, and the heat fluxes in the daytime; however, the cool pavement scenario decreases both daytime and night-time air and surface temperature.
{"title":"SIMULATING COOLING STREET STRATEGIES ON URBAN HEAT ISLANDS EFFECTS: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY FOR BLACKTOWN CITY, AUSTRALIA","authors":"H. Karimipour, V. Tam, H. Burnie, K. Le","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.143","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Australia has ranked as one of the most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate change. The rising trend of temperature is intensifying the creation and extension of urban heat islands (UHI). This paper investigates different cooling street strategies in line with developing resilient Sydney to the effects of climate change. Two different approaches are investigated including, green canopy and cool pavement. A wide range of impacted parameters is examined including Air Temperature, Surface Temperature, Sensible Heat Flux, Sky View Factor, Human Thermal Comfort, and Mean Radiant Temperature. Also, different surface reactions to the sun and shadow were surveyed to investigate the various materials responses to the different levels of shadow. ENVImet software is adopted to simulate and quantify microclimate processes before and after introducing cooling street strategies. This study demonstrates that replacing asphalt pavement with light concrete pavement reduces surface temperature by up to 20°C. Planting short to medium height trees reduces air temperature by up to 3°C and surface temperature by up to 11°C. Also, human thermal comfort has a direct relationship with the Sky View Factor at daytime. Besides, the study proves that the Mean Radiant Temperature is reduced considerably by both green canopy and light pavement scenarios in the daytime; however, the night time radiant heat does not differ substantially in any of the scenarios. Overall, both proposed initiatives show the positive cooling effects on air, surface, and mean radiant temperature, human thermal comfort, and the heat fluxes in the daytime; however, the cool pavement scenario decreases both daytime and night-time air and surface temperature.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74109483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Xia Bo” is a type of kiln furniture for ceramic production that becomes solid waste after damage during the firing process. However, it has traditionally been reused as a building material in China’s kiln-producing areas. With technological changes in kilns in recent years, Xia Bo is no longer necessary as kiln furniture for firing ceramics. However, as a low-tech and ecologically friendly construction material, it is overlooked as a suitable material. Traditional Xia Bo wall buildings are increasingly being left unused or even destroyed. This study examined the town of Pengcheng in the Cizhou kiln cultural heritage area. The main features and shapes of Xia Bo used in existing buildings were analyzed, and the typical application mode and construction technology for the “horizontal placement method” and the “vertical placement method” of the Xia Bo used in building walls were summarized. The thermal insulation performance of different types of Xia Bo wall was also examined, especially their thermal performance was compared with that of traditional brick wall buildings in indoor thermal environments. This study emphasizes and recognizes the ecological and economic value of reusing ceramic industrial waste as building materials to ensure that this technology can be protected and adopted in contemporary architecture.
{"title":"REUSING “XIA BO” KILN FURNITURE WASTE FROM THE CERAMIC INDUSTRY AS A BUILDING MATERIAL AND ANALYZING ITS EFFECT ON THE INDOOR THERMAL ENVIRONMENT","authors":"Zhang Juan, Dong Xuhuai, Wu Runqi","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.45","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “Xia Bo” is a type of kiln furniture for ceramic production that becomes solid waste after damage during the firing process. However, it has traditionally been reused as a building material in China’s kiln-producing areas. With technological changes in kilns in recent years, Xia Bo is no longer necessary as kiln furniture for firing ceramics. However, as a low-tech and ecologically friendly construction material, it is overlooked as a suitable material. Traditional Xia Bo wall buildings are increasingly being left unused or even destroyed. This study examined the town of Pengcheng in the Cizhou kiln cultural heritage area. The main features and shapes of Xia Bo used in existing buildings were analyzed, and the typical application mode and construction technology for the “horizontal placement method” and the “vertical placement method” of the Xia Bo used in building walls were summarized. The thermal insulation performance of different types of Xia Bo wall was also examined, especially their thermal performance was compared with that of traditional brick wall buildings in indoor thermal environments. This study emphasizes and recognizes the ecological and economic value of reusing ceramic industrial waste as building materials to ensure that this technology can be protected and adopted in contemporary architecture.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83133589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite recent efforts aimed at promoting sustainability, very little has been done to integrate health and safety into the sustainability evaluation of the built environment. This research aimed to develop and validate a sustainable health and safety maturity model for evaluating the maturity of the health and safety practices of sustainable building projects. A detailed literature review was used to develop the model which consist of 22 safety maturity drivers and 251 critical to safety practices, after which it was subjected to an analytical hierarchy process and validation by expert judgement. The results showed that the most important safety maturity drivers were “risk and hazard management” and ‘incident investigation, performance and evaluation,” while the least important were “health and safety in contracts,” and ‘alcohol and drug testing.” Findings point to a potential relationship between the relevance of the safety maturity drivers and their relative importance in sustainable building onsite safety management. Construction organizations can use the model to evaluate and improve the maturity of the health and safety practices implemented on their sustainable building projects.
{"title":"DEVELOPING AND VALIDATING A MODEL TO EVALUATE THE HEALTH AND SAFETY OF SUSTAINABLE BUILDING PROJECTS","authors":"Bezalel Orogun, Mohamed H. Issa","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.23","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Despite recent efforts aimed at promoting sustainability, very little has been done to integrate health and safety into the sustainability evaluation of the built environment. This research aimed to develop and validate a sustainable health and safety maturity model for evaluating the maturity of the health and safety practices of sustainable building projects. A detailed literature review was used to develop the model which consist of 22 safety maturity drivers and 251 critical to safety practices, after which it was subjected to an analytical hierarchy process and validation by expert judgement. The results showed that the most important safety maturity drivers were “risk and hazard management” and ‘incident investigation, performance and evaluation,” while the least important were “health and safety in contracts,” and ‘alcohol and drug testing.” Findings point to a potential relationship between the relevance of the safety maturity drivers and their relative importance in sustainable building onsite safety management. Construction organizations can use the model to evaluate and improve the maturity of the health and safety practices implemented on their sustainable building projects.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91210870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The majority of shopping malls in the U.S. have few options but to repurpose their soon-to-be empty spaces. However, developers and mall owners face a challenge to find out which solutions are best for their specific situations. This paper aims to identify decision factors for the adaptive reuse of declining malls in the U.S., revealing different perspectives of multiple stakeholders. This study proposed a conceptual framework specifically for decision-makers linked to the adaptive reuse of shopping malls. The survey asked a professional opinion on the method of mall revitalization and the importance of seven decision categories: physical, economic, functional, technological, social, legal, and political aspects. A total of 41 valid responses were analyzed. Stakeholders reported different views on seven decision categories. Investors, AEC (Architect, Engineer, and Contractor) professionals, developers, and building manager groups reported the economic category as the most important variable, whereas marketer and regulator groups responded that the legal category is the most important variable. The technology was reported as the least important variable from AEC professionals, marketers, developers, and building managers. Investors and regulators indicated the social category as the least important variable. The findings of this study are rather exploratory, not conclusive due to its limited sample size. As many more shopping malls face or will face challenges of closing, the solutions for these empty or soon-to-be empty facilities should be further studied.
{"title":"FACTORS INFLUENCING ADAPTIVE REUSE OF DECLINING SHOPPING MALLS IN THE U.S.: A MULTI-STAKEHOLDER VIEW","authors":"Eunhwa Yang, Sun-Ah Hong, Yujin Kim","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.83","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The majority of shopping malls in the U.S. have few options but to repurpose their soon-to-be empty spaces. However, developers and mall owners face a challenge to find out which solutions are best for their specific situations. This paper aims to identify decision factors for the adaptive reuse of declining malls in the U.S., revealing different perspectives of multiple stakeholders. This study proposed a conceptual framework specifically for decision-makers linked to the adaptive reuse of shopping malls. The survey asked a professional opinion on the method of mall revitalization and the importance of seven decision categories: physical, economic, functional, technological, social, legal, and political aspects. A total of 41 valid responses were analyzed. Stakeholders reported different views on seven decision categories. Investors, AEC (Architect, Engineer, and Contractor) professionals, developers, and building manager groups reported the economic category as the most important variable, whereas marketer and regulator groups responded that the legal category is the most important variable. The technology was reported as the least important variable from AEC professionals, marketers, developers, and building managers. Investors and regulators indicated the social category as the least important variable. The findings of this study are rather exploratory, not conclusive due to its limited sample size. As many more shopping malls face or will face challenges of closing, the solutions for these empty or soon-to-be empty facilities should be further studied.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76393361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainable development is the balance between environmental protection, social equity and economic development to meet the needs of the present generation without affecting the future generation to meet their own needs. Within the built environment, sustainable development concepts include the materials used to build and a maintain building, the energy and water meant to run a building, and the ability to provide a healthy environment for the occupants. Over the last decade, researchers have shown that the built environment plays a significant role on human health. About 20 hours a day is spent indoors regardless of the structure typology. This perspective highlights the domains in which sustainable development through sustainable construction features and characteristics can impact occupants’ health and wellbeing. We aim to outline the relationship between sustainable development and healthy building to inform future practices in the creation of healthy environments. It is evident that buildings can have both negative and positive impacts on occupants’ health. Within the four walls, buildings influence the air we breathe, the water we drink, the quality of light and many other design features that contribute to occupant health. It is significant for the design process and the construction progress to have a fundamental aim that is focused on making buildings healthy for both working and living in. In addition, the collaboration and involvement of all actors (architects, facility managers, contractors, building scientists, researchers and code officials) is critical in the application and implementation of solutions in order to establish guidelines that could be a step forward for the construction of healthy buildings.
{"title":"THE IMPACT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF HEALTHY BUILDING","authors":"Bibang Bi Obam Assoumou Stahel Serano, Zhu Li","doi":"10.3992/jgb.17.2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3992/jgb.17.2.163","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Sustainable development is the balance between environmental protection, social equity and economic development to meet the needs of the present generation without affecting the future generation to meet their own needs. Within the built environment, sustainable development concepts include the materials used to build and a maintain building, the energy and water meant to run a building, and the ability to provide a healthy environment for the occupants. Over the last decade, researchers have shown that the built environment plays a significant role on human health. About 20 hours a day is spent indoors regardless of the structure typology. This perspective highlights the domains in which sustainable development through sustainable construction features and characteristics can impact occupants’ health and wellbeing. We aim to outline the relationship between sustainable development and healthy building to inform future practices in the creation of healthy environments. It is evident that buildings can have both negative and positive impacts on occupants’ health. Within the four walls, buildings influence the air we breathe, the water we drink, the quality of light and many other design features that contribute to occupant health. It is significant for the design process and the construction progress to have a fundamental aim that is focused on making buildings healthy for both working and living in. In addition, the collaboration and involvement of all actors (architects, facility managers, contractors, building scientists, researchers and code officials) is critical in the application and implementation of solutions in order to establish guidelines that could be a step forward for the construction of healthy buildings.","PeriodicalId":51753,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Green Building","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87170779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"艺术学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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