This article examines Walter Chatton's (c.1290-1343/4) writings on Franciscan poverty in order to uncover his theory of property rights. Chatton, a Franciscan critic of William of Ockham, defended his conception of poverty at least three times following the publication of Ad conditorem canonum (1323). I argue that Chatton defended Franciscan non-ownership in a way uniquely his own. Most significant was his close coupling of dominium with potestas while avoiding the language of rights so commonly associated with other Franciscan authors. Chatton cannot be counted among the nor the 'Community', nor even among the emerging Michaelists. 'Spirituals',
{"title":"Walter Chatton on dominium","authors":"Jonathan Robinson","doi":"10.31219/osf.io/e8jxc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/e8jxc","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines Walter Chatton's (c.1290-1343/4) writings on Franciscan poverty in order to uncover his theory of property rights. Chatton, a Franciscan critic of William of Ockham, defended his conception of poverty at least three times following the publication of Ad conditorem canonum (1323). I argue that Chatton defended Franciscan non-ownership in a way uniquely his own. Most significant was his close coupling of dominium with potestas while avoiding the language of rights so commonly associated with other Franciscan authors. Chatton cannot be counted among the nor the 'Community', nor even among the emerging Michaelists. 'Spirituals',","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69636632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plato’s interest in justice is pronounced and familiar. So too are his criticisms of Athenian democracy. This article suggests that Plato’s conceptualization of justice constituted a direct and conscious confrontation with the highly democratic mode of justice pursued in Athens’ popular courts. Yet Plato did not resist all Athenian judicial norms. His approach recalls Athenian homicide trials, which operated quite differently from the ordinary kind. Plato’s signal contribution to the history of political thought may be characterized as having taken the conception of justice associated with homicide to be paradigmatic, with remarkably enduring effects.
{"title":"Plato and Athenian Justice","authors":"Daniela Cammack","doi":"10.2139/SSRN.2220867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2220867","url":null,"abstract":"Plato’s interest in justice is pronounced and familiar. So too are his criticisms of Athenian democracy. This article suggests that Plato’s conceptualization of justice constituted a direct and conscious confrontation with the highly democratic mode of justice pursued in Athens’ popular courts. Yet Plato did not resist all Athenian judicial norms. His approach recalls Athenian homicide trials, which operated quite differently from the ordinary kind. Plato’s signal contribution to the history of political thought may be characterized as having taken the conception of justice associated with homicide to be paradigmatic, with remarkably enduring effects.","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2013-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68001659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-01-01DOI: 10.1163/EJ.9789004184251.I-190.25
D. Baumgold
This chapter focuses on the puzzle of the composition of the Elements of Law introduces a more general issue in Hobbes studies. The process of composition of all three major textsis a side of Hobbess political arguments that merits more consideration. While the author lack direct evidence dating the composition of The Elements of Law, hints can be patched together from Hobbess activities and correspondence in the 1630s. Although this material is familiar to most Hobbes scholars, a review is useful before examining the text. The chapter assumes that the Elements circulated in manuscript rather than being printed simply because of the urgent need, brought on by political events, to get it into circulation. It may well be that the defense of absolutism was the major uncompleted piece of the manuscript prior to the calling of the Short Parliament. Focusing on Hobbess arguments yields a more conservative estimate.Keywords: absolutism; Hobbess Elements of Law; political events
{"title":"The Composition of Hobbes's Elements of Law","authors":"D. Baumgold","doi":"10.1163/EJ.9789004184251.I-190.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/EJ.9789004184251.I-190.25","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the puzzle of the composition of the Elements of Law introduces a more general issue in Hobbes studies. The process of composition of all three major textsis a side of Hobbess political arguments that merits more consideration. While the author lack direct evidence dating the composition of The Elements of Law, hints can be patched together from Hobbess activities and correspondence in the 1630s. Although this material is familiar to most Hobbes scholars, a review is useful before examining the text. The chapter assumes that the Elements circulated in manuscript rather than being printed simply because of the urgent need, brought on by political events, to get it into circulation. It may well be that the defense of absolutism was the major uncompleted piece of the manuscript prior to the calling of the Short Parliament. Focusing on Hobbess arguments yields a more conservative estimate.Keywords: absolutism; Hobbess Elements of Law; political events","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64593917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1017/cbo9780511736131.003
J. David
The article examines the claim made by earlier interpreters of Fichte's political thought, such as Marianne Weber and Xavier Leon, that it contains a number of striking parallels with some of the main ideas associated with the French revolutionary communist Gracchus Babeuf. It is argued that once we understand what it means for Fichte to 'apply' the concept of right (Recht), and how this application relates in particular to his views on property, there appears to be some substance to Weber's and Leon's claims. This in turn speaks against a more recent tendency to locate Fichte's political thought in the liberal tradition; a tendency which the author shows does not pay sufficient attention to Fichte's ideas concerning the need to apply the concept of right and how this leads him to develop the economic proposals found in The Closed Commercial State, which contain a number of parallels with some of the doctrines attributed to Babeuf. The author does, however, point to some fundamental differences between Fichte's social and political thought and some of the main ideas associated with the revolutionary movement known as Babouvism. Yet these differences again speak against a liberal interpretation of Fichte's social and political thought.
{"title":"Applyng the concept of right: Fichte and Babeuf","authors":"J. David","doi":"10.1017/cbo9780511736131.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511736131.003","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the claim made by earlier interpreters of Fichte's political thought, such as Marianne Weber and Xavier Leon, that it contains a number of striking parallels with some of the main ideas associated with the French revolutionary communist Gracchus Babeuf. It is argued that once we understand what it means for Fichte to 'apply' the concept of right (Recht), and how this application relates in particular to his views on property, there appears to be some substance to Weber's and Leon's claims. This in turn speaks against a more recent tendency to locate Fichte's political thought in the liberal tradition; a tendency which the author shows does not pay sufficient attention to Fichte's ideas concerning the need to apply the concept of right and how this leads him to develop the economic proposals found in The Closed Commercial State, which contain a number of parallels with some of the doctrines attributed to Babeuf. The author does, however, point to some fundamental differences between Fichte's social and political thought and some of the main ideas associated with the revolutionary movement known as Babouvism. Yet these differences again speak against a liberal interpretation of Fichte's social and political thought.","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/cbo9780511736131.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57091728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-01-01DOI: 10.1515/9781400881024-013
D. Bell
In this article I pursue two main lines of argument. First, I seek to delineate two distinctive modes of justifying imperialism found in nineteenth-century political thought (and beyond). The 'liberal civilizational'li model, articulated most prominently by John Stuart Mill, justified empire primarily in terms of the benefits that it brought to subject populations. Its proponents sought to 'civilize'lthe 'barbarian'. An alternative `republican' model focused instead on the benefits - glory, honour and power above all - that accrued to the imperial state. Less concerned with spreading civilization, its proponents concentrated on fortifying the imperial polity. Second, I offer a 'republican' interpretation of the writings of the historian and public moralist J.A. Froude (1818-94), arguing that he both diagnosed the problems of modern Britain and prescribed imperial solutions to those problems, based on his reading of the fate of the Roman republic.
在这篇文章中，我将进行两条主要的论证。首先，我试图描述在19世纪(及以后)的政治思想中发现的两种为帝国主义辩护的独特模式。约翰·斯图亚特·密尔(John Stuart Mill)所阐述的“自由文明”模型，主要从帝国给臣民带来的好处来证明帝国的正当性。它的支持者试图“教化”“野蛮人”。另一种“共和”模式关注的是帝国积累的利益——荣耀、荣誉和权力。它的支持者不太关心文明的传播，而是专注于巩固帝国政体。其次，我对历史学家和公共道德家J.A.弗劳德(1818-94)的著作提供了一种“共和”的解释，认为他既诊断了现代英国的问题，又根据他对罗马共和国命运的解读，为这些问题制定了帝国的解决方案。
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Pub Date : 2008-01-01DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511509650.007
P. A. Rahe
{"title":"Against Throne and Altar: The Classical Republicanism of John Milton","authors":"P. A. Rahe","doi":"10.1017/CBO9780511509650.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511509650.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/CBO9780511509650.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"57053354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The origins of the french revolution","authors":"R. Whatmore","doi":"10.5860/choice.44-2330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.44-2330","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71114181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Grotius and Pufendorf upheld the principle that a person in extreme and unavoidable need, who took from the surpluses of property holders, was not guilty of the crime of theft. Grotius theorized this exception to the law of property as a revival of the original common use right, thus continuing a long-standing tradition of thought according to which in extremis all goods are regarded as common. Pufendorf�s engagement with Hobbes led him to reject the Grotian theory of the revival of the common use right. He tried to construct an alternative theory by making use of his concepts of imperfect rights and duties, but he had no way of expressing the lawfulness of the actions of the necessitous poor in terms of the imperfect duties of the rich. As a result Pufendorf failed to produce a coherent alternative to the Grotian theory.
{"title":"Grotius and Pufendorf on the Right of Necessity","authors":"J. Salter","doi":"10.4324/9781315093376-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315093376-8","url":null,"abstract":"Grotius and Pufendorf upheld the principle that a person in extreme and unavoidable need, who took from the surpluses of property holders, was not guilty of the crime of theft. Grotius theorized this exception to the law of property as a revival of the original common use right, thus continuing a long-standing tradition of thought according to which in extremis all goods are regarded as common. Pufendorf�s engagement with Hobbes led him to reject the Grotian theory of the revival of the common use right. He tried to construct an alternative theory by making use of his concepts of imperfect rights and duties, but he had no way of expressing the lawfulness of the actions of the necessitous poor in terms of the imperfect duties of the rich. As a result Pufendorf failed to produce a coherent alternative to the Grotian theory.","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2005-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70629465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review: Men's Feminism: August Bebel and the German Socialist Movement","authors":"T. Carver","doi":"10.5860/choice.39-1255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.39-1255","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71088126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-01-01DOI: 10.5871/bacad/9780197262870.003.0005
D. Kelly
{"title":"Rethinking Franz Neumann's route to Behemoth","authors":"D. Kelly","doi":"10.5871/bacad/9780197262870.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197262870.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51773,"journal":{"name":"HISTORY OF POLITICAL THOUGHT","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71144630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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